英语人教版八年级下册形容词副词的原级比较级和最高级.doc

形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级目标：1.了解形容词和的考点 2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的理解和运用 3.通过练习巩固形容词和副词的用法一.分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级级。1. 原级:无比较时，只能用原级（原形） 例如： She is tall. Our school is beautiful. Tom runs fast. I play the piano well.修饰原级的词：very, quite, pretty, really, too, so, enough等 如： I am pretty healthy. English is so difficult. Mary sings very well. We work really hard.二. 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化（a）规则变化 1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级er， 最高级est。如:clever cleverer cleverest few fewer fewest small smaller smallest 等。 2) 以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st 即可。 如：nice nicer nicest cute cuter cutest large larger largest 3) 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为ier或est 如: easy easier easiest happy happier happiest 再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy 也如此。 4) 重读闭音节，单辅音结尾的，双写这个辅音字母er 或 est的词： fat fatter fattest thin thinner thinnest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest wet wetter wettest big bigger biggest 5) 多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前more 构成比较级，the most 构成最高级。如： beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful 又如: delicious, popular, important, interesting, expensive, creative双音节的词如: careful more careful the most careful useful more useful the most useful少数单音节词也是这样，如： pleased more pleased the most pleased tired more tired the most tired b) 不规则变化： good better best well better best bad worse worst many/much more most far farther farthest (距离远) far further furthest (程度深) old elder eldest (长幼) old older oldest (年龄)三. 形容词，副词比较级和最高级的基本用法 1.两者相比用“比较级” This cake is smaller than that one .(small) Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?(big)2.最高级的用法（1）.三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。例如： The Yangtze River is the longest in China.(同义句） The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China .The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China .（2）. 最高级可被序数词以及 much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not quite，not really，nothing like 等词语所修饰。例如：This hat is by farmuchnearlyalmostnot nearlyby no meansnot quitenothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat?（3）. 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如 excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。（4）. 形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。e.g. He is the tallest (boy) in his class.（5）. 作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。四. 中考链接1. 比较级考点 比较级修饰问题a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。 e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim.This book is much more interesting than that one.e.g. Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. 同级比较e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xian. Our school is bigger than yours. the + 比较级e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls. “a/an + 比较级”表示“又一，再一”e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wantsa bigger one. 隐性比较（没有than的情况） e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily? Youd better come earlier next time. He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term. 越来越.a. 比较级 + and + 比较级b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子 e.g. Its getting colder and colder. The more you exercise, the better you are. 2. 最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the；副词的最高级前省略the。 范围问题e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. Spring is the best season of the year. “.之一”问题e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. “the + 序数词 + 最高级”e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.3. 比较级和最高级的转换e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. = Tom is taller than any other student in the class. = Tom is taller than all the other students in the class. = No other students are taller than Tom.总结： any other + 名词单数 the other + 名词复数 否定 + 比较级 =