中考英语总复习 第44讲 阅读理解（一）课件 外研版.ppt

英语 第44讲阅读理解 一 阅读理解 2014 扬州 worldwar lastedfrom1939to1945 lifechangedforeverybody includingwomenandchildrenbecauseofthewar millionsofpeoplelosttheirlivesduringthewar thediaryofayounggirlwasarecordofthattime thebookwaswrittenbyagirlnamedannefrank annefrankwasborningermanyinjune1929 becausethegermannazi 纳粹分子 hatedthejews 犹太人 andwantedtokillthem herfamilyhadtomovetoanothercountry injuly1942 theywentintohidinginasecretplaceinherfather soffice duringthatdifficulttime annekeptwritingdiariesuntilsheandherfamilywerediscoveredbythenazisinaugust1944 theywerecaughtandsenttoanazicamp thenextyear hermotherdied inthesameyear sheandhereldersisterdiedofillness beforethewarended afterthewar herfathercollectedherdiariesandthebookthediaryofayounggirlcameoutin1947 ithasbeenputintoover30languagessincethen thebookhasbeenreadbypeopleallovertheworld inherdiary annewrotedownherthoughts herfeelings herhopesandherdreamsforthefuture iwantthediarytobemyfriend andi mgoingtocallthisfriendkitty ican tspendalldaycomplainingbecauseit simpossibletohaveanyfun everyday ifeelthebeautyofnatureandthegoodnessofthepeoplearoundme withallthat whyshouldibesad thediaryofayounggirlhasalsobecomeasymbolofthegreatnessofthehumanspirit itiscalledoneofthewisestandmostmovingrecordsonwar 1 inwhichyeardidannedieofillness d a in1939 b in1942 c in1944 d in1945 2 accordingtothepassage kitty is a a herdiaryb hereldersisterc hermotherd herhidingplace 3 whichofthefollowingistrue c a annewaslazy sadandcomplainedallday b thebookismainlyaboutanne sschoollife c annelovedlifethoughshewasindifficulttime d thebookhasbeenputintonearly30languages 4 fromthepassage wecaninfer 推断 b a annewasborningermanyb annewasajewc anne sfathercollectedthediariesd annewasanazi 中考英语 阅读理解 题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力 很多考生在做题时常常有一种 读得懂做不对 的感觉 那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析 从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看 短文体裁多样 题材各异 文章涉及科学知识 社会文化 政治历史 人文环境和日常生活等方面 充分体现其时代性 实用性 短文的长度和难度逐年加大 常见题型有主旨题 细节题 推断题 猜测词义题 一 主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握 做此类题时 应通读全文 理解文章大意 充分理解主题句的意义 短文往往围绕主题句展开 主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句 二 细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题 体现中心思想的 往往针对短文某个细节来设题 做此类题时 应快速捕捉信息 可能是一些事例 数字等 阅读时要有针对性 例1 2014 重庆b manypeoplehavegreatdifficultyinsayinggoodbye butfromgoodbyemoments wecanalwayslearnsomething once ioverheard 无意中听到 afatheranddaughterintheirgoodbyemoment thefathersaid iloveyou iwishyouenough thedaughteranswered daddy ourlifetogetherhasbeenmorethanenough yourloveisallthatineed iwishyouenough too daddy theykissedandsheleft thefatherwalkedovertowardsme icouldseehewantedandneededacry hecameovertomeandasked didyoueversayaforevergoodbyetosomeone beforeicouldanswer hewenton iamoldandshelivesmuchtoofaraway iknowhernexttripbackwouldbeformyfuneral 葬礼 whenyouweresayinggoodbyeiheardyousay iwishyouenough mayiaskwhatthatmeans hebegantosmile it sawishthathascomedownfrommygreat great grandparents andmyparentsusedtosayittome hestoppedforamomentandlookedupasiftryingtorememberit hesmiledevenmore whenwesaid iwishyouenough wewerewantingtheotherpersontohavealifefullofenoughgoodthings then turningtowardsme heshared 分享 thefollowing wish fromhisheart iwishyouenoughsuntokeepyoubright iwishyouenoughraintoappreciatethesunmore iwishyouenoughhappinesstokeepyoualive iwishyouenoughpainsothatthesmallestjoysinlifeappearmuchbigger iwishenoughhellostogetyouthroughthefinalgoodbye myfriends iwishyouenough 1 manypeoplewouldfinditdifficult a a tosaygoodbyeb tooverhearothersc tosharetheirwishesd tolivetoofaraway点拨 细节理解题 根据首句 manypeoplehavegreatdifficultyinsayinggoodbye 得到答案 2 howdidthefathergetthe wish a thewriterwroteitforhim b hisparentspasseditdowntohim c theteachertaughthimatschool d hisdaughtertoldhimaboutit 点拨 细节理解题 根据 it sawishthathascomedownfrommygreat great grandparents andmyparentsusedtosayittome 得到答案 答案 b 3 fromthepassage wemaylearn d a thedaughterdidn tunderstandhisfatherb theoldmandidn twanttoseehisdaughterc thewriterknewtheoldmanverywelld thefatheranddaughterlovedeachothersomuch点拨 归纳判断题 根据文章第二段和 icouldseehewantedandneededacry 知道a b和c是错误的 4 thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe c a fatheranddaughterb adifficultmomentc wishyouenoughd atripbackhome点拨 主旨概括题 文章大意为 作者通过一位父亲与女儿告别以及与该父亲的交谈 表达了作者对 iwishyouenough 的观点和想法 故选c canadaisfamousforitswinterlifestyle fortheseasonlastshalftheyearthere agreatexampleofthisisthequebecwintercarnival 嘉年华 quebecisanoldcitywithbeautifulhistoricbuildings andmanyagreethatwinteristhebesttimetovisit thecitycomesaliveinthesnow especiallyduringthewinterfestival peoplewhovisitthecoldcitycanfindtonsofthingstodothatwillmakewinterseemperfect thecarnivalhasamagicalicepalacemadewith9 000tonsofsnow aboatraceonthest lawrenceriver andtwonightparades 游行 withfunnypeopleandcolorfulcars othersinterestingthingsincludea122 metericeslide andalargefootballgame thereisalsoanexcitingdogsledracethatrunsthroughsixkilometersofthecity sstreets withmorethan20teamsinthegame thedogsledraceisnoisy funandfullofgreatcheer evenbetter artistsfromaroundtheworldcometoenterthesnowsculpture 雕塑 competition itisamazinghowtheseartistscanbringsnowtolife thequebecwintercarnivalhaseverythingforthewholefamilyandmore itissurelyagreatwaytoexperiencewinteratitsfullest anotherfamouswinterfestivalisontheothersideoftheworldinchina knownasthecityofice harbinisthecapitalcityofheilongjiangprovince whichisnexttosiberia inthewiner itisverycold andtemperaturestherecandropto30 belowzero evenso thecoldweathermakesthecitytherightplacefortheharbininternationaliceandsnowfestival thefestivalisheldeveryyear 1 accordingtothepassage manypeoplethink d isthebesttimetovisitquebec a springb summerc autumnd winter2 thequebecwintercarnivalincludes c adogsledrace awinterswimming twonightparades asnowfight aboatracea b c d 3 whichofthefollowingistrueaboutharbin a a itisknownasthecityofice b it sfamousforitsfourseasons c itisinnorthernchina nexttoquebec d itholdsanexcitingfestivaleverymonth4 thewriterwillprobablywriteabout d inthenextpartofthearticle a thequebecwintercarnivalb theintroductionofheilongjiangprovincec thesnowsculpturecompetitioninquebecd theharbininternationaliceandsnowfestival 一 2014 绍兴 vickyzhaoisfromthemainlandworkinginhongkong forher onethingshecan tstandispeoplestandingonthewrongsideoftheescalator 自动扶梯 insubwaystations escalatorshelpusmovefasterandsavetime itisn taplacetorest the24 year oldsays ioftenseetouristsblocking 挡住 thewaywiththeirheavysuitcasesorchattingontheescalatorsduringrushhour itmakesmeveryangry agreeingthatsheisnotthepatienttype zhaosaysthingsaremuchbetterinhongkongthanincitiesonthemainlandwherepeopleoftenpaynoattentionto standright walkleft signs thereasonbehindtherule standright walkleft seemsclear eventhoughyoumaywanttohavearestandjustwaitwhileyou retransportedupordown youshouldstillconsiderothersandleaveenoughspaceforpeopleinahurry sothattheycanrunandtakethetrain butthepeoplewhostandonescalatorswilltellthewalkersnottobesoimpatient inarecentstoryabouttheescalatorrule onestandersays ifthepersonisinsucharush whynotjusttakethestairs manycities escalators includinglondon sandbeijing s usethe standright walkleft ruletospeedupthemovementofpeople inaustraliancitieslikesydneyyoushouldstandontheleftsideinstead butsomecitiesdiscouragepeoplefrommovingonescalatorsoutofsafetyreasons inhongkong ssubwaystationspeopleareaskedto standstill onescalators evenso mostpeoplekeepthe standright walkleft rule whatevertheescalatorruleisintheplaceyouliveinorvisit dowhatmostpeoplearedoingandalwaysbemindfulofothers leaveenoughspacebetweeneachother don tstayattheendoftheescalator andifsomeoneisblockingyourway asimple excuseme isenough 1 accordingtothepassage vickyzhao b a comesfromhongkongb isa24 year oldgirlc wantstobeapatientpersond worksinasubwaystation2 thepassagementionsthatpeopleareadvisednottomoveontheescalatorin d a londonb beijingc sydneyd hongkong 3 itcanbelearntfromthepassagethatthewriter c a iscrazyabouttakingescalatorsb agreestothe stayright walkleft rulec tellsustoconsiderotherpeopled hasbeentohongkongmanytimes4 what sthebesttitleofthepassage a a getitrightb helpothersc takestairsd movefast 二 2014 嘉兴 haveyounoticedthenumberofpeoplelisteningtomusicveryloudlyonthetrainsandbuses theirmusicissoloudthatyoucanevenhearclearlywhatthesingersaresinging theproblemisthatthemusiciscomingoutfromtheirearphones doctorswarnyoungpeopleaboutthedangersoflisteningtomusicfromearphonessoloudlyforalongtime intheunitedstates studiesshowthatmusiciansandpeoplewhoworkatperformancehallshaveexperiencedhearingproblemsafterexposure 暴露 toloudmusicforjustupto30minutesaday thesepeopleslowlylosetheirhearingandneedtoturnupthemusicevenmoreloudlytohearitproperly possiblycausingfurtherdamagetoit asweknow theearhasthreeparts theouterpart themiddleearandtheinnerear therearetinyhairsintheinnerear itisthetinyhairsthatreceivethesound wavesandthenchangethemintowhatthebrain 脑 canunderstand exposuretoloudnoisecandamagethetinyhairsandthiscauseshearingloss 损伤 usually thiskindofhearinglosscanbetreatedifthenoiseisn tverysuddenandloud exposuretoloudnoisefortoolongatimecancauselastingdamage peoplewithserioushearinglossmayneedtohaveanoperation butevenaftertheoperationtheymaynothearaswellasbefore youknowyouhavebeenlisteningtoloudmusictoolongwhenyoustarthearingringingnoisesinyourear theymaybesignsthatthetinyhairsinyourinnerearhavebeendamaged sonexttimeyoulistentomusicusingyourearphones makesureitisnotloudenoughforotherstohear rememberthatoncehearinglosssetsin thereisnoturningback 5 wecanprobablyreadthispassageinthe c partofanewspaper a newsb sportsc scienced advertisement6 theunderlinedword sound waves inparagraph3means c inchinese a 声速b 声调c 声波d 声带 7 whenyouhearringingnoisesinyourear itmeans b a yourmiddleearhasbeendamagedb youmuststoplisteningtoloudmusicc yourhearinglosscan tbeturnedbackd youneedtohaveanoperationonyourear8 thewriterofthepassageistryingtoadvisepeopleto a a useearphonesproperlyb listentomusicinpublicc learnabouthearingproblemsd understandthreepartsoftheear 三 9 georgesaysthattheinternethelpshimto b a playcomputergameswithfriendsb keepintouchwithhisfamilyandfriendsc makephonecallseasilyd buyclothingfromaroundtheworld10 whydoeswanglinthinkelectricityisthemostuseful d a becauseitisn treallyaninvention b becausepeoplelovealessandrovoltaverymuch c becausebenjaminfranklinlearnedhowtouseit d becausemanyinventionscannotworkwithoutit 11 forwendy theairconditioneristhemostusefulbecause b a shehastoworkalotb shelivesinaveryhotplacec sheoftengetssickd shestudiesveryhard 四 2014 包头 tedbrown sdreamasachildwasanunusualone hewantedtofly whatwasmoreunusualwasthewayinwhichhemadehisdreamcometrue afterhighschool hewantedtojointheu s airforcebuthefailedbecauseofhispooreyesight however hisdreamremained attheageof33 tedwasatruckdriverinlosangeles oneday whilesittingoutsideinhisgarden hewatchedplanesflyoverheadandanideacametohim touseballoons 气球 tofly afewweekslater tedbought42hugeballoons hetiedthemtoachairandthenhesatdowninthechairwithsomebeer sandwichesandagun hisplanwastoflyto10metersabovehisgarden enjoyafewhoursintheair andthenshootsomeballoonswithhisguntogetbackdown butthingsdidnotgoasheplanned oncehisfriendscuttheropesunderted schair the42balloonsflewintotheskyatanastonishingspeeduntilabout4000metersabovethegroundwith