重庆市涪陵第十一中学八年级英语《直接引语和间接引语》课件.ppt

直接引语与间接引语 directspeechandindirectspeech 直接引语 直接引述别人的原话 直接引语的前后必须加引号 间接引语 转述别人的话 间接引语前后不加引号 间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句 hesays ileavemybookinyourroom hesaidthathelefthisbookinyourroom 一 直接引语变间接引语的人称变化规则 直接引语变间接引语若干要点 二 间接引语中的时态变化规则 三 直接引语中某些时态在间接引语中不变的情况 四 直接引语与间接引语的句型转换规则 五 直接引语变间接引语的其他变化 六 练习和强化训练 人称的变化 一随主 二随宾 第三人称不更新 引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致 引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变 shesaid iliketennis shesaidthatshelikedtennis hesaidtolily youmustgetupearly hetoldlilythatshemustgetupearly shesaidtome theywanttohelphim shetoldmethatthattheywantedhelphim 一随主 二随宾 第三人称不更新 1 practice 1 hesaid mybrotherfailedintheexam hesaid brotherhadfailedintheexam 2 hesaidtomary howisyourmothernow heaskedmaryhow motherwasthen 3 myteachersaid sheisagoodstudent myteachersaid wasagoodstudent4 hesaidtome i veleftherbookinyourroom hetoldmethat hadleft bookin room his her she he her my 1 1 wewantyoutotakeamessageforher saidthegreens thegreenstoldmethatwantedtotakeamessagefor 2 areyouwillingtolendusahand shesaidtohim sheaskedhimwhetherwaswillingtolendahand 1 2 2 时态的变化 hesays iwilldoittomorrow hesaysthathewilldoittomorrow 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时 直接引语变成间接引语时 从句的时态无需变化 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 直接引语变成间接引语时 从句的时态要做出相应的改变 2 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 不变 一般将来时 过去将来时 2 1 iamilltoday saidmymother mymothersaidthatsheillthatday 2 weworkhardatenglish hesaid was hesaidthattheyhardatenglish worked 2 1 theysaidtome weareworkinghardatacompany theytoldmethattheyatacompany wereworking 2 iamwritingaletternow shesaid shesaidthatshealetterthen waswriting 2 practice johnsaid ilikereadingadventurestories johnsaidthathe readingadventurestories shesaidtome ibrokeyourcdplayer shetoldmethatshe mycdplayer hesaid i llcomeherethismorning hesaidhe gotherethatmorning hesays ihavefinishedmyhomework hesaysthathe hishomework hesaid theyareplayinggamesoverthere hesaidthatthey playinggamesoverthere liked hadbroken would hasfinished were 2 直接引语变间接引语时 句中的情态动词也应做相应的改变 could might should would didn thaveto must oughtto 2 直接引语转为间接引语时 下列情况下时态不变 注意 直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时 变间接引语时时态不变 当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时 谓语动词时态不需改变 如果直接引语要变为间接引语 转述是发生在当天当地 那么直接引语中的come here tomorrow thismorning today yesterday等不必改变 3 1 ourteachersaid lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound ourteachersaidthatlight muchfasterthansound travels 2 iarrivedin1966 mybrothersaid mybrothersaidthathe in1966 arrived 3 1 theteachersaidtothestudents theearthisround 2 myfathersaidtome iwasbornin1961 3 hesaid iwillcomeherethisevening 4 thismorninghesaid i mleavingforbeijingtomorrow theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthisround myfathertoldmethathewasbornin1961 hesaidhewouldcomeherethisevening thismorninghesaidthathewasleavingforbeijingtomorrow 3 直接引语和间接引语可分为三大类 1 陈述句 2 祈使句 3 疑问句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 4 1 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句 变为间接引语时 用连词that引导 that在口语中常省略 主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said 也可用told来代替 注意 可以说saidthat toldsb that 不可直接说toldthat 4 解题步骤 1 陈述句 idon tlikecomputers sarahsaidtoherfriends sarahsaidtoherfriends that said didn t she sarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn tlikecomputers sarah 4 4 2 祈使句直接引语是祈使句 在直接引语前加上 to 改为动词不定式 引述动词为tell order ask等 其他变化同上 4 hesaid pleasecomeheretomorrow theteachersaid don ttalkanymore heaskedmetogotherethenextday theteachertoldusnottotalkanymore 4 4 一般疑问句 hesaid doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation heasked me whether ifihadanydifficultywithmypronunciation hesaid youareinterestedinenglish aren tyou heaskedwhetheriwasinterestedinenglish 间接引语用连词whether或if引导 原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked me him us等 语序是陈述句的语序 4 2 一般疑问句 isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil theyaskedhim theyaskedhim if itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil asked is was theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil 4 特殊疑问句 hesaidtome what syourname heaskedmewhatmynamewas heaskedus howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词 主句的谓语动词用ask sb 来表达 语序改为陈述句语序 4 3 特殊疑问句 whendoyouharvestthewheat theyaskedhim theyaskedhim when youharvestthewheat youharvestthewheat he harvested theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat 4 选择疑问句 heasked doyouspeakenglishorfrench heaskedmewhetherispokeenglishorfrench iasked willyoutakebusortaketrain iaskedhimwhetherhewouldtakebusortaketrain 用whether or 表达 而不用if or 4 1 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则 2 直接引语中的指示代词转换规则 3 直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go 4 直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there 5 5 时间状语 5 5 1 whatdoesthiswordmean sheaskedme sheaskedmewhatwordmeant that 2 canyouseethatmaponthewall heaskedme heaskedmeificouldseemaponthewall that 3 doyoulikethesetoys janeaskedus janeaskedusifwelikedtoys those 4 bringthoseballstome saidmysister mysisteraskedustobringballstoher those 5 1 ilikereadingadventurestories saidjohn johnsaidthathelikedreadingadventurestories 2 idon tlikecomputers sarahsaidtoherfriend sarahtoldherfriendsthatshedidn tlikecomputers exercisei 3 ann haveyouseenmybluenotebook peterasked peteraskedannifshehadseenhisbluenotebook 4 howcanyoudothat marysaidtoann maryaskedannhowshecoulddothat 5 whatdifferencedoesitmake peteraskedjim peteraskedjimwhatdifferenceitmade 1 jacksaidtome youlookworriedtoday jacktoldmethat worried a helooks todayb youlook todayc welooked thatdayd ilooked thatday exerciseii 2 wesaidtoher they rewalkingthroughthestreetnow wetoldherthat throughthestreet a wewerewalking thenb youarewalking nowc theywerewalking thend theywalking now 3 mrblacksaid ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek mrblacksaidthat alongway ihadwalked lastweekb hehadwalked thatweekc iwalked lastweekd hehaswalked thisweek 4 themanthought ishalltakeitbacktomorrow themanthoughtthat takeitback a ishall tomorrowb ishall thenextdayc heshould tomorrowd hewould thenextday 5 theysaidtous areyouafraidtoleavethishouse theyaskedus afraidtoleave house a thatwerewe thisb thatwewere thatc ifwerewe thisd ifwewere that 6 janesaid whatdidhehearaboutaweekago janeasked about a thatheheard aweekagob whathehadheard theweekbeforec whathehadherd aweekagod ifheheard theweekago 7 sheasked whosehousewillhebreakintonexttime sheaskedwhosehouse breakinto a willhe nexttimeb wouldhe thenext