北师大版选修7 Unit 19 Language Lesson 1 Language Learning学案.docx

unit 19 language lesson 1 language learning学案一、释义搭配1adjustathe fact of sb.being away2ensure bto make small changes to something in order to improve it3absence cto succeed in getting sth.4guarantee dto make sure that sth.happens5surround eto tell sb.about sth.6inform fto start to go faster7attain gto be all around sb./sth.8accelerate ha firm promise that you will do sth.or that sth.will happen答案：1.b2.d3.a4.h5.g6.e7.c8.f二、英汉互译1获得进步，取得成功_2_ stand out3以的形式出现_4_ inform.of.5记住 _6_make sure7超过，多于_8_ as well答案：1.get ahead2.显眼，突出3.take the form/take a form of4.通知5.keep in mind6.确保7.more than8.也，又三、快速阅读课文get ahead with your english，回答下列问题1when was it foretold that english would cover the whole world?_2why are teachers encouraged to create a rich language environment in the classroom?_3what meterials should the teacher give the students?_4why is it important to study with your classmates?_5how many ways are referred to in learning a language in the text for 15 minutes a day?_答案：1.in the 1700s.2because the students can get an adequate amount of input in english.3reading，listening and writing materials.4test each other and share learning strategies this makes learning more enjoyable.5there are six ways.四、从课文中找出下列句子并把它们译成中文1in todays world，being able to speak more than one language，including english，is how you stand out and get ahead._2however，learning english as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment._3this can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality._4quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing._5knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in english._答案：1.当今世界上，能够说包括英语在内的多种语言，是你脱颖而出并且取得成功的一种方式。2然而，没有英语语言环境，学英语是很难的。3这可以以高质量的阅读和听力材料的形式呈现。4不管是说还是写，高质量的(语言)输入确保高质量的(语言)输出。5.读之前，了解新闻的主要内容能确保用英语阅读时，更透彻地理解所读新闻。1theres no point reading the news in english if youve already watched it in your own language.如果你已经看了母语新闻，那么，再读英语新闻就没意义了。剖析：这是一个复合句。if在句中引导条件状语从句。考点：there is no point (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义。i could see that there was no point in arguing with her.我明白与她争论毫无意义。1)相关句型there is no need to do.没必要做there is no doubt that.毫无疑问it is no wonder that.怪不得2)由point构成的短语：make a point 发表论点come to the point 谈正题to the point 简明恰当；简洁中肯be on the point of(doing) sth.正要做某事单项填空there is no _ in trying to talk him into joining us.he enjoys being alone.adoubt bwonderchope dpoint答案：d2it was predicted as early as the 1700s that english would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在18世纪人们就预言英语有一天将会成为全球性语言，而这一预言在最近几十年里得到了证实。剖析：本句是由and连接的并列句。前一个分句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的名词性从句。考点：its predicted that.据预测its predicted that the price of oil will go up again because of the political unrest of the middle east.据预测由于中东地区的政治动乱油价还会上涨。类似的结构有：it is said that. 据说it is believed that. 大家相信it is reported that. 据报道it has been proved that. 已证实以上句式可以转换成sth./sb. be predicted/said/believed/reported/provedto do。上述例句可改写为：the price of oil is predicted to go up again because of the political unrest of the middle east.单项填空1)it is _ that he will finish his work ahead of time.adiscussed bdisagreedcpredicted dpractised2)mary is said _ in the supermarket for 5 years，but i dont know why she resigned last month.ato have been working bworkcto be working dto have worked答案：1)c2)d3in todays world，being able to speak more than one language，including english，is how you stand out and get ahead.当今世界上，能够说包括英语在内的多种语言，是你脱颖而出并且取得成功的一种方式。剖析：本句是一个复合句。how在句中引导表语从句；主句中用了动名词being able to.作主语。考点一：more than 超过，多于more than twenty students have seen the new film the social network.20多个学生观看了新电影社交网络。1)“more than名词”表示“不仅仅是”。modern science is more than a large amount of information.现代科学不仅仅是大量信息。jason is more than a teacher；he is a writer，too.杰森不仅是一位老师，还是一位作家。2)“more than形容词”表示“很”或“非常”的意思。in doing scientific experiments，one must be more than careful with the instruments.在做科学实验时，必须非常小心(使用)这些仪器。提示：1)在“more.than.”中，肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，约等于“是而不是”。hearing the loud noise，the boy was more surprised than frightened.听到这么大的噪音，这个男孩不是吓坏了而是很吃惊。2)“more than”或“more.than.”含“can”的分句时表示“否定意义”。thats more than i can do.那不是我能做到的。考点二：stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目joyce is the sort of person who stands out in a crowd.乔伊斯是那种在人群中很显眼的人。among the great achievements，a few records stand out because of the moving life stories behind them.travelling is one way of lengthening life.旅行是延年益寿的一种办法。在这些伟大的成就中，一些记录由于它们背后感人的生活故事而引人注目。1)注意stand out的其他用法：he ordered the soldier to stand out.他命令那个士兵出列。theyre standing out against any change in the law.他们反对对法律做任何修改。归纳：stand out还表示：向前跨步、坚持。2)与stand相关的短语：stand by 袖手旁观stand for 代表stand up 站立考点三：get ahead 取得成功，获得进步he wants to get ahead in his career.他想在事业上脱颖而出。与get相关的常用短语还有：get across 被理解get over 克服get through 完成；接通(电话)get down 写下；记下单项填空1)im _ happy to take you there in my car.aother than bmore thancless than drather than2)her interesting face，with a long nose and big eyes，is what makes her _.astand by bstand forcstand up dstand out3)she soon _ of the others in her class.agot ahead bgot overcgot cross dgot into答案：1)b2)d3)a4however，learning english as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，没有英语语言环境，学英语是很难的。考点：absence n缺乏；不存在the decision was made in my absence.这个决定是在我不在的时候做出的。1)注意absence的其他用法his teacher began to wonder about the reason for his long absence.他的老师开始怀疑他长期缺勤的原因了。归纳：absence还可以表示“不在、缺勤”。2)派生词absent adj.缺席的；缺乏的，与介词from连用。she has been absent from school for three days.她已经旷课3天了。love was totally absent from his childhood.他童年时根本没有得到过爱。归纳：be absent from 表示“不参加；缺少”。单项填空_ the absence of any further evidence the police were unable to solve the murder.afor bfromcon din答案：d5some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language，you need to be surrounded by it.一些备受尊崇的语言习得理论认为，要达到高水平的外语流利度和准确性，你得置身于该语言的环境中。剖析：respected是过去分词作定语，修饰theories。that引导一个宾语从句，to attain a high level是不定式作目的状语。归纳：过去分词作定语，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句，单个的过去分词位于被修饰的名词前，过去分词短语位于被修饰的名词后。考点一：attain vt.达到；获得after years of hard work，we finally attained our target.努力工作了很多年之后，我们最终达到了目标。more and more women are attaining positions of power in public life.越来越多的女性在社会生活中获得要职。1)辨析get，achieve，attain，gain，obtain这些词均可表示“获得”。get用得最广，可指以各种方式获得各种东西。where can i get enough information?我从哪儿能得到足够的信息？achieve多指克服困难后取得胜利、成功，强调“得到”这一结果。he achieved his ambition in the end.他最终实现了他的抱负。attain为正式用词，多用于庄重场合，主要指通过努力达到重要目的或得到珍贵的东西。the scientist attained fame by a new discovery.那位科学家由于一次新发现而出了名。gain多指付出极大努力后获得或赢得给自己带来优势的东西。they gained the victory after a bloody battle.浴血奋战后他们赢得了胜利。obtain多指凭努力或恳求得到急需或很想得到的东西。howard had failed to obtain a scholarship.霍华德没能得到奖学金。2)派生词attainment n获得，实现attainable adj.能实现的考点二：surround vt. 环绕，围绕she was surrounded by the students asking questions.她被问问题的学生围住了。the lake is surrounded with/by tall trees.湖边树木环绕。归纳：表示“被包围”，用be_surrounded_by/with.。派生词：surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n(pl.)环境单项填空1) thousands of foreigners were_ to the shanghai world expo the day it opened.aattended battainedcattracted dattached2)the lake with trees _ it is seriously polluted.asurrounded by bare surroundingcsurrounding dare surrounded by3)we are going to _ the goal that we are going to plant more than 300 trees _ the school yard.amake；thrilling battain；surroundingcresist；expanding dpresent；folding答案：1)c2)c3)b6what this means is that they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in english conveyed to the students through various mediums.这就意味着，他们要确保通过多种方式给学生足够的英语输入量。剖析：what this means.是主语从句，that引导表语从句，其中，there is an adequate amount of.是宾语从句，conveyed是过去分词用作后置定语，修饰an adequate amount of input。考点一：make sure 确保；务必make sure (that) you pick me up at four.你一定要在4点钟来接我。i will try my best to make sure of her happiness.我会尽全力来确保她的幸福。归纳：make sure后可接that从句作宾语，常用一般现在时表示将来；后接名词时需加介词of/about。考点二：adequate adj. 足够的，充分的the space available is not adequate for our needs.现有的空间不能满足我们的需要。im sure her knowledge of english isnt adequate for the job.我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是不够的。i hope he will be adequate to the job.我希望他将胜任这一工作。归纳：be adequate for的意思是“对来说是足够的”，主语是物。be adequate to的意思是“某人胜任某项工作”，主语是人。派生词adequately adv.足够地；充分地单项填空1)linda，make sure the tables _ before the guests arrive.abe set bsetcare set dare setting2)the schoolyard is very small but _ 100 children playing at the same time.afree from benough tocadequate for dbusy with答案：1)c2)c7quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.不管是说还是写，高质量的(语言)输入确保高质量的(语言)输出。剖析：本句是一个复合句。whether.or.在句中引导让步状语从句。im sure well see each other again soon whether we are here or in new york.我肯定我们不久会再见面的，不是在这里就是在纽约。1)注意whether的用法。whether or not he will stay，i really dont care.他是否要留下来，我真的不在意。id like to be informed whether i am accepted or not.不论我是否被录用，我都希望能得到通知。2)辨析：whether和if都可引导宾语从句，但下列情况要用whether不用if。whether后能直接加or not，if不能。whether位于动词discuss后，if不能。whether位于动词不定式前，if不能。whether位于介词之后，if不能。whether引导同位语从句，if不能。whether引导主语从句并在句首，if不能。whether引导表语从句，if不能。考点：ensure vt.确保，保证the government of qatar took proper measures to ensure the success of the 2011 afc asian cup.卡塔尔政府采取了适当措施来保证2011卡塔尔亚洲杯的成功。we should ensure ourselves against possible risks.我们要保护自己，以防备所有可能的危险。归纳：ensure sb.from/against 表示“保护某人”。 单项填空1)all people，_ they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the earthquake.aeven if bwhethercno matter dhowever2)if you want to _ that you catch the plane，take a taxi.aensure brevisecadjust drequest答案：1)b2)a8experts say that just 15 minutes of extracurricular study a day can really accelerate foreign language learning.专家认为每天课后只需多学15分钟就可以加快外语学习的速度。剖析：本句是一个复合句。that在句中引导宾语从句。考点：accelerate vt.&vi.加速fresh air will accelerate the recovery of the patient.新鲜空气会使病人更快地恢复健康。the runners accelerated smoothly around the bend.赛跑运动员在转弯处顺势加速。1)派生词 acceleration n加速，加快2)同义词 speed up单项填空lan lan _ her walking home fearing that it was going to rain.aaccelerated bslowedcstopped dreturned答案：a9here are what they recommend：下面是专家对英语学习的建议：剖析：本句是倒装句。正常语序为：what they recommend are here。what在句中引导主语从句。here，there，now，then，thus等副词置于句首时，常引起完全倒装，这时谓语动词常用be，come，go，lie，run等。there goes the bell.铃响了。then came the chairman.那时主席来了。here is your letter.你的信在这里。表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语常用表示运动的动词。out rushed a tall young man.一个高个子年轻人冲了出来。at the next table was a pretty girl waiting for someone.隔壁桌上坐着一个在等人的漂亮姑娘。提示：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。here he comes.他来了。单项填空1)john opened the door.there _ he had never seen before.aa girl did standba girl stoodcdid a girl stand dstood a girl2)look，_.ahere the bus comes bhere is the bus comingchere comes the bus dhere the bus is coming答案：1)d2)c10for example，enlarge your vocabulary by 10 new words every day five times a week then revise the words on the weekend.例如：为扩大词汇量，每天学10个生词一周五天周末复习所学生词。剖析：enlarge.和revise.是两个并列的祈使句。考点：enlarge vt. 扩大this photograph is a bit too old and probably wont enlarge well.这张照片太旧了些，放大了很可能效果不好。our school is planning to enlarge the playground before the sports meet.我们学校正计划运动会之前扩建操场。辨析：enlarge和expandenlarge表示“放大(照片)，增大(面积)，扩大(规模)，拓展(知识)”。can you enlarge this picture？你能放大这张照片吗？expand表示“伸展(胳膊)，吹大(气球)，(花蕾)绽放，扩大(体积)”。 the flowers expand in the sunshine.鲜花在阳光下开放。单项填空1)we are going to have this photo _ and then give it to our teacher.aexpanded benlargedchung ddrawn2)mr.liu, what are you doing at present?im producing childrens clothes.what will you do when you earn adequate money?i am to _ the production.aexchange bexpectcexport denlarge答案：1)b2)d11knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in english.读之前，了解新闻的主要内容能确保用英语阅读时，更透彻地理解所读新闻。剖析：knowing.是动名词短语作主语；when reading in english是省略了主、谓语的状语从句。patience is the best remedy for every trouble.忍耐是一切烦恼的最佳药物。you must study hard while(you are) young，or you will regret when(you are) old.趁年轻时要努力学习，不然到老了你会后悔的。i wont go unless (i am) invited.我不会去，除非受到邀请。while (i was) waiting，i was reading some old magazines.等的时候我在读一些旧杂志。归纳：在英语中，一些表示时间、地点、条件、方式、让步等的从句，如果其主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包含动词be，那么可将从句的主语和动词be省略。考点：guarantee vt.保证we cant guarantee that each of the members will like the film rio.我们不能保证每个成员都会喜欢电影里约大冒险。1)注意guarantee的其他用法all our products are guaranteed for three years.我们所有的产品保修三年。i cant give you any guarantee at the moment.现在我不能给你任何承诺。the new television comes with a twoyear guarantee.这台新电视有两年的保修期。归纳：guarantee用作动词，除了表示“保证”外，还可表示“保修”；还可用作名词，表示“承诺”“保修期”。2)guarantee 的常见搭配：be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会做某事guarantee sb.against sth.保证不the policy guarantees us against any loss.这项政策保证我们免受任何损失。3)派生词guarantor n保证人(尤指债务担保人)guaranteed adj.保证的，担保的单项填空1)though _ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.asurprising bwas surprisedcsurprised dbeing surprised2)the police should _ the passersby，especially the children，absolutely safe while crossing the streets.aguarantee bnoticecwatch dwitness答案：1)c2)a12watching a favourite dvd，but adjusting the language to english in parts you know well.观看你最喜爱的一张光盘，但要把你熟悉的那些部分的语言调换成英语。考点：adjust vt. 调节；调整as a teacher，i must adjust my speech to the age of my students.作为教师，我必须使我的演讲适合于学生的年龄。we will start at 9：00 pm.and now lets adjust our watches.我们将在晚上九点出发，现在让我们对表。she must learn to adjust herself to english life.她必须学会适应英国的生活。he adjusted himself very quickly to standing the heat of the country.他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的天气。归纳：adjust.to.表示“使适合于”，adjust oneself to表示“使自己适应”，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。1)派生词adjustable adj.可调整的adjustment n调整，调节2)辨析adjust和adapt这两个词都有“适应，适合”的意思。adjust表示“调整、调节使之适应”。you cant see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.你把望远镜调节到适合你的眼睛后，你才看得见。adapt 表示“修改或改变以适应新条件”。you should adapt yourself to the new environment.你应该使自己适应新环境。单项填空astronauts in flight must _weightlessness so that they can work well.alook f