2012届高考英语二轮 语法总复习讲、练、考案荟萃

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语二轮语法总复习讲 练 考案荟萃届高考英语二轮语法总复习讲 练 考案荟萃 1 名词性从句 和 定语从句 专题训练 找出下列句子中的错误 并总结出规律 1 Can you tell me how many students are there in your class 2 I don t know where has he gone 3 The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was 4 We suggested that we would go to the cinema 5 My idea is that we must do our homework first 6 His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable 7 If we will have a meeting hasn t been decided yet 8 It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it 9 The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting 10 He asked me if I could go with him or not 选择正确答案 1 Sometimes advertisements make possible for companies to sell the customers money can not buy A that B it what C that which D it whose 2 2011 济南第二次统考 The hospital nearby has just got a you d call it er a scanner A that B which C what D how 3 2010 上海卷 When changing lanes a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know A he is entering which lane B which lane he is entering C is he entering which lane D which lane is he entering 4 2011 浙江温州联考 The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years A what B which C that D though 5 2011 日照市调研考试 Do you know her No Her name rings a bell but I can t remember I read it before A where B what C that D if 6 2011 南通一模 there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth 用心 爱心 专心 2 hasn t been proved until now A How B When C Where D Whether 7 2011 南通二模 He is eager to try something he has never tried before Oh I see That s he s different from others A when B where C how D what 8 2010 贵阳部分学校联考 The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate its price would be A that B which C what D 9 2010 济南统考 The media today can draw public attention to help is actually needed A that B which C where D whose 10 2010 海淀一模 Sorry I m so late but you cannot imagine great trouble I took to find your house A what B how C which D why 11 2010 成都第一次诊断 Professor Blackman took up scientific research for decades and this is he devoted all his life to A which B what C where D how 选择填空 1 1 paper was first made in China 2 that paper was first made in China 3 is that paper was first made in China A It is known to us all B What is known to us all C As is known to us all D That is known to us all 2 1 He said nothing made me angry 2 He said nothing made me angry 3 He said nothing had been expected A that B which C as D it 3 1 You can use a larger plastic bottle is cut off as a pot to grow flowers in 2 You can use a larger plastic bottle cut off as a pot to grow 用心 爱心 专心 3 flowers in A the top B whose top C whose the top D with its top 4 1 The reason he failed was that he hadn t taken my advice 2 The reason for he failed was that he hadn t taken my advice 3 The only reason he could give us was that he failed to catch the bus A that B which C because D why 5 1 Computers must be of great use to do the scientific research 2 Computers must be of great use to doing the scientific research A those B who C those who D whomever 6 1 Is this museum they visited yesterday 2 Is this the museum they visited yesterday 3 Is this museum they visited some ancient weapons yesterday A that B where C one D the one 用从句翻译下列句子 1 现在正在建造的那幢房子将是我们的寝室 2 她生病使得她母亲担心 It made her mother worried that she was ill 3 这个工厂的老板太残酷了 竟然把那个工人打死了 4 工人们说他们会坚持自己的计划直到完成 5 我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席 6 我愿你学你姐姐的样 不要总是做事漫不经心 答案与解析 修改错误 1 Can you tell me how many students there are in your class 2 I don t know where he has gone 3 The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter 名词从句中须使用陈述语序 4 We suggested that we should go to the cinema 5 My idea is that we should do our homework first 用心 爱心 专心 4 6 His proposal that we should go there on foot is acceptable 注意虚拟语气的使用 7 Whether we will have a meeting hasn t been decided yet 8 It depends on whether the weather is suitable for us to do it 9 The question is whether he himself will be present at the meeting 10 He asked me whether I could go with him or not 4 种情况只能用 whether 位于句子开头 前面有介词 引导表语从句 与 or not 连用 单项选择 1 B 句意为 有时广告让公司把用钱买不到的东西卖给顾客变得可能 it 是形式宾语 真正的宾语是 不定式短语 what 引导的是宾语从句 并在宾语从句中作宾语 2 C 考查名词性从句 该句比较口语化 句意是 附近的医院刚搞来一个 你们叫 它什么 对 扫描器 3 B 句意为 当司机改变车道时 应该使用转向指示灯告知其他司机 要往哪条车道 拐 4 C 句意为 近年地球越来越暖的事实让许多科学家担心 5 A 考查名词性从句 答语语意是 我不认识她 她的名字好像很熟 但我想不起来 在哪儿见到过 了 A B C 三个选项中只有 where 可在宾语从句中作地点状语 if 不符合语意 6 D 本题考查名词性从句 句意为 外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物还不能确定 whether 引导 主语从句 7 B 考查名词性从句 所填词引导的从句作表语 在从句中作地点状 语 用 where 选 B 8 C 考查名词性从句 这里用 what 引导宾语从句 并在从句中作表语 这画太名贵 了 很难估量其价 格 9 C 本题考查宾语从句的引导词 结合题干 where 引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中 作地点状语 10 A 考查宾语从句 take great trouble to do something 表示 不辞辛劳地做某 事 在此 what 引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句 what 修饰名词 trouble 而 how 在感 叹句中修饰形容 词 副词或动词 11 B 考查名词性从句 what 引导表语从句且在从句中作介词 to 的宾语 表示 什么 选择填空 1 1 C 2 A 3 B 2 1 B 2 B 3 C 3 1 B 2 D 4 1 D 2 B 3 A 5 1 C 2 A 6 1 D 2 A 3 B 用心 爱心 专心 5 句子翻译 1 The house which is being built now will be our bedroom 2 That she was ill made her mother worried 3 The boss of the factory was so cruel that he beat the worker to death 4 The workers said they would stick to their plan until it was finished 5 It never occurred to me that Tom would be elected chairman of the Student s Union 6 I wish you would follow your elder sister s example and not always do everything absent mindedly 2 代词 连词考点透析与精炼 考试要求 代词是英语里面最活跃的词类之一 也是高考考查的重点 近年高考英语试卷中都有直 接涉及对代词用法的考查 若算上引导从句的关系代词 则考查的比重更大 高考对代词的 考查主要涉及到在给定的上下文中运用代词的能力 以对不定代词和替代词的考查为主 题 目具有很大的灵活性 要求考生使用地道的语言来解决生活中的问题 这一点在近两年的试 题中表现得尤为突出 今后对代词的考查仍会保持这一特点 连词是英语词法类别中的大项 而且使用频率非常高 高考对这连词的考查涉及各大题 型 是考生必须掌握的基本词法知识 知识讲解 代词部分 考点 1 人称代词的用法 人称代词的主格在句中做主语 宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语 考点 2 名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法 形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语 名词性物主代词相当于 形容词性物主代词 名词 在句中做主语 宾语 表语或与 of 连用作后置定语 但不能作定语 考点 3 反身代词的用法 反身代词在句中可以作 enjoy teach hurt buy introduce 等动词和 by for to 等介词的宾语 还可以做主语或宾语的同位语 可译作 亲自 本人 但不能做主语 请留意含 oneself 的短语 如 be oneself 身体正常 Make yourself at home 别客气 make yourself understood 使你的话被人理解 考点 4 指示代词的用法 指示词有 this that these those 等 注意以下 4 点 1 this these 是时间或空间上的 近指 可与 here 连用 that those 是时间或空 间上的 远指 可与 there 连用 用心 爱心 专心 6 2 指上文提到的事一般用 that 有时也用 this 指下文的事只能用 this He was nearly drowned once When was that It was in 2008 when he was in middle school 3 打电话时 用 this 来介绍自己 用 that 来问对方 不用 I 或 you 4 this 和 that 还可表示程度 意为 如此 那么 相当于 so 作状语 I m not that fool 考点 5 疑问代词的意义和用法 疑问代词有 what which who whom whose 等 用法要点如下 1 what 除可用来询问人的身份外 一般指物 which 可指人也可指物 who whom whose 一般指人 The mother didn t know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out 2 没有一定的范围时 用 what 意为 什么 有一定范围时 用 which 意为 其 中的 哪一个 考点 6 表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较 1 表示两者 都 用 both 表示两者 都不 用 neither 表示两者中的 任一 用 either We asked John and Jerry but neither of them could offer a satisfactory explanation There s coffee and tea you can have either 2 表示多者 都 用 all 表示多者 都不 用 none 表示多者中的 任一 用 any Of all the books on the desk none is of any use for our study When shall we meet again Make it any day you like it s all the same to me 3 none 可指人或物 一般要接表示范围的 of 短语 可回答 how many 而 no one 只能 指人 nobody 不能接 of 短语 可回答 who 另外 none 可指后文的不可数名词 表示 毫无 Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has none of the trouble of taking buses We couldn t eat in a restaurant because none of us had any money on us 4 all 单独使用 或者后接一个定语从句 或者前面有物主代词时 意为 everything 或 the only thing s That s an unpleasant thing to say about your father after all he s done for you 考点 7 some any 的用法辨析 表示 一些 一般说来 肯定句中 some 否定句中用 any 但在表示请求 建议 劝 请或希望对方作肯定回答的疑问句中用 some I fee a bit hungry Why don t you have some bread 用心 爱心 专心 7 考点 8 each every 的用法辨析 1 every 只能作形容词 在名词前作定语 each 可作形容词也可用代词 可用主语 宾语和同位语 Each of the boys has got a pencil and some paper 2 表示 每隔 用 every 不用 each 如 every three days 每三天 every third day 每逢第三天 every other day 每隔一天 every three meters 每 隔 三米 every three minutes 每 隔 三分钟 These plants are watered every other day 考点 9 a little a few a bit 的用法辨析 a little 和 little 修饰或代替不可数名词 与 much 相对 表示 多 a few 和 few 修饰或代替可数名词与 many 相对 表示 少 a little 和 a few 含肯定语气 little 和 few 含否定语气 一般说来 在 only just still quite can not 等词后用 a little 或 a few 在 very so some the no 等词后用 little 或 few If you had followed the plan you could have done the job better with less money and fewer people 考点 10 替代词 it that the one s those 的用法辨析 1 it 和 that 都可替代 the 单数名词 可数或不可数 都是特指 但 it 指代前面提 到的 同一 事物 而 that 是指前面提到的 同类 事物 I m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than that in the city 2 one 替代 a 单数可数名词 表示泛指 特指的 the one 相当于 that the one 复 数形式 the ones 在口语中也常用 those 代替 当后面有 of 短语时 一般用 that 或 those 当有前置修饰语时 只能用 one s 如 the red one one s the one s those that 都是替代 同类 事物 其中只有 that 可替代不可数名词 We ve been looking at houses but haven t found one we like yet 考点 11 another the other s else the rest 的用法辨析 1 another 或 another 单数可数名词 泛指 另一个 有一个 再一个 其复数形 式是 others 或 other 复数名词 泛指 别人或别的物 有 some others 一些 另一 些 之搭配 We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun so let s have another one this month Young people may quickly in some ways and more slowly in A the other B some other C others D no matter who 解析 some others 是固定搭配 答案是 C 2 the other 单数可数名词 特指两者中的另一个 常有 one the other 一个 另 一个 的搭配 其复数形式 the others 或 the other 复数名词 特指在某些人或物 中 除去一部分后 其余的 剩下的 人或物 No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of the other 3 another 还可用于 another 基数词或 few 复数名词 中 与 数词或 some more other 复数名词 相当 用心 爱心 专心 8 If you want to change for a double room you ll have to pay another 15 4 注意下列固定用法 other than 除 外 each other one another 相互 one after another 一个接一个 any other 单数名词 别的 其他的任何一个 In that case there is nothing you can do other than wait 5 else 只能放在复合不定代词或者疑问词后 I don t think we ve met before You re taking me for someone else 6 the rest 既可代替可数名词 也可代替不可数名词 而 another other others the other s 只能代替可数名词 I have done much of the work Could you please finish the rest in two days 考点 12 every some any no 与 thing one body 构成的复合不定代词 这类不定代词有 everything 一切事 最重要的事 everyone everybody 每个人 所有人 something 某事 重要的人或事物 someone somebody 某 有人 重要的人 anything 什么事物 任何事物 无论什么事物 anyone anybody 任何人 无论谁 重要 的人 nothing 没有东西 什么也没有 不重要的人或事 no one nobody 没有人 不重 要的人 等 它们还与别有词构成很多习语 如 for nothing 徒劳 免费 nothing but 仅 仅 只不过 等等 Playing tricks on others is something we should never do 连词部分 连词是一种虚词 用于连接单词 短语 从句或句子 在句子中不单独用作句子成分 连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词 并列连词用于连接并列的单词 短语 从句或句 子 如 and but or for 等 从属连词主要引出名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语 从句等 和状语从句 时间状语从句 条件状语从句 目的状语从句等 引出名词性从句的 连词如 that whether 等 引出状语从句的连词如 when because since if 等 考点 1 并列连词的用法 1 表示转折关系的并列连词 这类连词主要有 but yet 等 though although 不和 but 连用 但可以喝 yet 连用 此时 yet 为副词 He said he was our friend yet he wouldn t help us 他说他是我们的朋友 但 却不肯帮助我们 2 表示因果关系的并列连词 这类连词主要有 for so 等 for 表示原因通常不能放 句首 也不能单独使用 You are supposed to get rid of carelessness for it often leads to serious errors 你们一定要克服粗枝大叶 因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误 3 表示并列关系的并列连词 这类连词主要有 and or either or neither nor not only but also both and as well as 等 如果连接并列主语时 要注意主谓一 致的规则 考点 2 从属连词的用法 1 引导各种从句的从属连词众多 一种从句有多个从属连词 同时一个从属连词也可 以引导多种从句 但是每种从句常用的连词有一定规则 因此要记住哪些从句可以用哪些连 词 有什么区别 用心 爱心 专心 9 2 要记住一些用法比较复杂的连词的用法 比如 while before 以及名词 介词短语 分词短语等充当连词引导从句的情况 易错点点拨 下列情况也用宾格 1 在 be 后作表语 Who is it It s me 谁 是我呀 2 在单独使用或带 not 的简略回答中 如 Who broke the cup 谁打破了杯子 Me Not me 我 不是我 I like swimming 我喜欢游泳 Me too 我也是 3 在感叹疑问句中做主语 以引起强调 如 You can tell him 你可以告诉他 Me tell him Not likely 我告诉他 不可能 4 在下列之类的祈使句中 He s got to repay the money poor him 他得偿还这笔钱 可怜的他呀 3 代词 连词真题解析 1 2011 浙江卷 7 Since people are fond of humor it is as welcome in conversation as else A anything B something C anywhere D somewhere 答案与解析 C 考查代词 句意为 人们喜爱幽默 所以 在谈话中或者别的什么地方 的幽默都受人欢迎 疑问副词 anywhere 与 else 连用 表示 除了 in conversation 的 其他任何地方 表示场合 而 anything 和 something 是表示超越场合的事物 2 2011 四川卷 3 There is in his words We should have a try A something B anything C nothing D everything 答案与解析 A 考查代词 句意为 他的话有些道理 我们应该试一试 something 不 简单的事 可观的成绩 有些地位的人 3 2011 重庆卷 27 Silly me I forget what my luggage looks like What do you think of over there A the one B this C it D that 答案与解析 D 考查指示代词的用法 句意为 我真傻 想不起来自己的行李是什 么样子的 你看看那边的是不是你的 指示代词 that 指时间与空间上较远的事物 over there 交代了空间上的远距离 this 指时间与空间上较近的事物 luggage 为不可数名 词 不能用 the one 指代 it 特指前面曾经交代过的事物 4 2011 陕西卷 16 Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen dear one A Other B Every C Another D More 答案与解析 C 考查不定代词与数词的连用 句意为 亲爱的 可不可以到厨房里 给我拿一块巧克力来 还要吃一块 Other Every another 与数词连用时 数词 放在 another 的后面 如 another three chairs other 和 more 与数词连用时 数词放在 用心 爱心 专心 10 它们的前面 如 one more apple two other boys 5 2011 湖南卷 24 I knew that would ever discourage him he would never give up wanting to be a director A something B anything C everything D nothing 答案与解析 D 考查不定代词的用法 句意为 我知道没有什么能够阻止他 他决不会 放弃做一名导演的念头 根据后面 never give up 可知前面相应地也要用否定性的不定 代词 nothing 6 2011 辽宁卷 27 Would you like tea or coffee thank you I ve just had some water A Either B Both C Any D Neither 答案与解析 D 考查不定代词 句意为 你是想喝茶还是咖啡 谢谢你 都不 想喝 我刚才已经喝了水了 通过后面 I ve just had some water 可以判定是拒绝 tea 和 coffee neither 两者中哪个都不 其所指范围是两个人或物 either 表示 两者中 的任何一个 both 两个都 修饰可数名词 统指两者 any 用于肯定句 作 任何的 解 7 2011 江西卷 25 Why don t you bring to his attention that you re too ill to work on A that B it C his D him 答案与解析 B 考查代词 it 作形式宾语的用法 句意为 为什么你不让他注意到你病 得太严重了以至于不能工作 it 作形式宾语 指代句子后面 that 引导的宾语从句 8 2011 全国卷 II 11 I got this bicycle for my friend gave it to me when she bought a new one A everything B something C anything D nothing 答案与解析 D 考查复合不定代词的用法 句意为 我没花钱就得了这辆自行车 我的 朋友买了一辆新车 就把这辆给了我 根据后面 gave it to me 可判断没花钱 nothing 表否定 for 表示交换 9 2011 北京卷 34 The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase A them B those C it D that 答案与解析 C 考查代词 it 的用法 句意为 由于当地政府的努力 大城市里的就业 率持续升高 it 代指前面交代过的 the employment rate 是单数 而 them 和 those 是 复数 10 2011 天津卷 1 We feel our duty to make our country a better place A it B this C that D one 答案与解析 A 考查代词 it 的用法 句意为 我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们 的职责 it 在此句中充当形式宾语 代指 to make our country a better place 用心 爱心 专心 11 11 2011 山东卷 24 The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other A it B them C her D that 答案与解析 A 考查 it 的用法 句意为 这两个女孩长得很相似 不熟悉的人很难将 她俩区分开来 it 在此句中充当形式宾语 代指 to tell one from the other 12 2011 福建卷 21 We have various summer camps for your holidays You can choose based on your own interests A either B each C one D it 答案与解析 C 考查不定代词 one 的用法 句意为 在你们的假期里 我们这儿有各种 暑期夏令营 你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一个 one 代替单数可数名词 表泛指 相当于 a an 单数名词 这里泛指某个 summer camp 夏令营 13 2011 安徽卷 22 Surprisingly Susan s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made almost an overcoat for her A them B her C itself D herself 答案与解析 C 考查反身代词的用法 句意为 令人惊叹的是 Susan 美丽的长发垂到 她的膝盖下面 就像一件外套似的 反身代词 itself 指的是前面提到的 beautiful hair 而 them her 和 herself 指的都是人 4 代词 连词专题训练 one the one it this that 1 When I go to college I will definitely need a car but I don t have the money to buy now 2 All the cars on show look fabulous especially with gilt doors 3 I like one of the cars on exhibition very much but I don t have enough money to buy 4 The car parked in front of our house is shabbier than in front of your house little a little few a few 1 There are minutes left You d better burry up or we will miss the train 2 There are minutes left Take it easy 3 There is time left How can we finish the job in such a hurry 4 There is still time 1eft Don t worry other others the other the others another 1 The soldiers have served in American military bases in Japan South Korea and several countries 2 This pair of shoes is too big Would you please show me pair 用心 爱心 专心 12 3 Among the seven students three are girl while four are boys 4 I have seven glasses Three of them are broken and are dirty 5 During the cleaning some students are sweeping away the rubbish some are mopping the floor and are tidying the desks no one nothing none nobody 1 I m a stranger here so I know of them 2 The newspaper is just about meetings or conferences I can see interesting in it 3 Who is in the office now 4 How many deaths are caused by the traffic accident because since as for 1 Why didn t you phone me last night I didn t want to disturb you 2 It must have rained last night the ground is wet now 3 everyone is here let s begin our meeting 4 he wasn t ready in time we went without him while but however 1 It looked like rain it is clear this morning 2 She said that it was so she was mistaken 3 The film is short interesting 4 Mr Smith is rather thin his wife is very fat 5 I admit he is good at his math I don t think he is a gifted boy 完成下列句子 1 His composition is better than 其他任何人的 2 他在会上所说的 astonished everyone present 3 我 你 他 will be sent to look into this case 4 Those 想去游泳的人 please sign up here 5 Kate you clean the room at once 为什么是我呢 Jane is standing there doing nothing 6 Take 随便哪一半 they re exactly the same 7 I have two sisters 一个是 is a teacher and 另一个 is an engineer 用心 爱心 专心 13 8 Who is knocking at the door 是我 Mary 翻译句子 1 你的实验完成了吗 还没有 我还要五分钟才能完成 2 请给我一点墨水 什么颜色都行 3 我简直不能相信在一个如此高度发达的国家中还有这么多贫困的人 4 他们两个都知道自己错了 但谁也不愿开口道歉 5 昆明的天气不会太冷或太热 气候十分宜人 neither nor 6 你最好带把伞 以防万一下雨 in case 7 既然你来了 就留下来过一夜吧 now that since 8 我在街上走的时候 遇到了一个老朋友 as 单选选择 1 My grandma still treats me like a child She can t imagine grown up A my B mine C myself D me 2 Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting addressed to and then posted it at the nearby post office A it her B it herself C herself her D herself herself 3 I intended to compare notes with a friend but unfortunately couldn t spare me even one minute A they B one C who D it 4 Susan go and join your sister cleaning the yard Why John is sitting there doing nothing A him B he C I D me 5 Some of the stamps belong to me while the rest are A him and her B his and hers 用心 爱心 专心 14 C his and her D him and hers 6 Is your camera like Bill s and Ann s No but it s almost the same as A her B yours C them D their 7 The boy promised mother never to lie to again A his him B her her C her him D his her 8 Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of A their B theirs C her D hers 9 Who called me this morning when I was out A man calling Robert A him B himself C his D 不填 10 You will find as you read fiats book that you just can t keep some of these stones to You will want to share them with a friend A itself B yourself C himself D themselves 11 If you can t decide which of the two b