2020届高考英语考前冲刺精品资料 晨背强化系列（九）

2020;2020届高考英语考前冲刺精品资料晨背强化系列（九）早读：.词汇短语过关1native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天赋的 n. 本地人；出生于某国的人be native to.原产于某地ones native country/land本国，祖国native place出生地ones native language本国语，本族语，母语a native of当地人/产于的动/植物即学即练1(1)China is our _， and Chinese is our _.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。(2)The tiger _ India.这种虎产于印度。(3)He is _ Beijing.他是北京人。答案：native country；native language；is native to；a native of2base vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础base sth. on/upon sth.以为基础(或根据)base sb./sth./oneself in以为据点(或总部等)，把(总部等)设在the base of a column/glass/pyramid柱基/玻璃杯底/金字塔底座a military/naval base军事/海军基地即学即练2(1)What are you _ this theory _？你这种理论的根据是什么？(2)They decided to _ the new company _ New York.他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在纽约。(3)The town is an ideal _ for touring the area.这个镇子是在这一地区旅游观光的理想地点。答案：basing on； base in； base3command nC命令；指令U掌握 vt. & vi.命令；指挥；支配at ones command随心所欲地at/by ones command奉某人之命in command of指挥；统帅under ones command由指挥take command of担任的指挥have a good command of很好地掌握command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事command that.(should) do.命令即学即练3(1)The army is _ _.军队由国王直接统率。(2)She _ the German language.她精通德语。(3)He commanded us _ immediately.He commanded that we _ immediately.他命令我们马上离开。答案：under the kings；command；has a good command of；to leave；should leave4request n. & vt. 请求，要求request sth. of/from sb.向某人请求某物request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth.请求Its requested that.据要求at ones requestat the request of sb.应某人之请求be in request有需要，受欢迎make a request for sth.请求，要求即学即练4(1) These materials are _ _.急需这些材料。(2)She _ some water.她请求给点水。(3)May I _ your attention？请你们注意一下好吗？(4)I request (of him) that he _.我要求他离开。(5)Visitors are requested _ the paintings.游客不许动油画。答案：in great；request；Made a request for；request；should leave；not to touch5recognize vt. 辨认出；承认recognition n认出，识别recognizable adj.可认出的recognized adj.公认的recognize sb. /sth. by /from.根据认出某人/事(物)recognize sb./sth. as/to be.承认某人(物)是Its recognized that.人们公认out of/beyond recognition认不出来即学即练5(1)I _ Mary _ her voice on the phone.我在电话中根据声音辨认出是玛丽。(2)Lawrences novel _ eventually _ _/_ _ a work of genius.劳伦斯的小说最后被认为是天才的作品。(3)_ environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems.人们一致认为环境污染已经成了最严重的问题之一。答案：recognized by; was recognized as/to be ;It is recognized that6because of因为，由于because of是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词。because是连词，后跟从句。即学即练6(1)He was absent not _ his illness, but _ his father died.他缺席不是因为他生病，而是因为他父亲去世了。(2)It was _ that he had gone abroad.就是为了她，他才出国的。答案：because of because;because of her(3)He realized that she was crying because of_.他意识到她哭是因为他说的那些话的缘故。(4)Because of _， I said nothing about her mistake.因为她丈夫在场，对她的错误我就没说什么。答案：what he had said;her husbands being there7come up走近；(植物)长出地面；(太阳)升起；出现；被提及(1)come forward走近；赶上；上来(2)rise; come to a higher place (esp. the sun, the moon)(太阳、月亮)升起(3)be brought up for discussion; be mentioned被提出讨论，被谈到；引起注意(4)occur/happen(尤指意想不到地)发生(5)present oneself出席，参加，到场(6)appear above the soil; begin to grow露出地面，发芽即学即练7写出下列各句中come up的意思。(1)Ill let you know if anything comes up._(2)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station._(3)Your question came up at the meeting._(4)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up._(5)The young trees have come up._(6)I came up for an interview but didnt get the job._答案：发生;走近/走上来;被提出讨论;升起;发芽;到场拓展：come up with想出；提出come about发生come across偶遇；偶然发现(come upon)come along一道来；一起去；进步；赶快come back回来；记起come on(风、雨等)到来；演出；赶快；得了吧come out出版；出来，出现；结果是come to苏醒；总计；达到；谈到8make use of利用；使用make full use of充分利用make the best use of尽量利用make good use of好好利用，合理利用make little use of没有很好地利用即学即练8(1) We should _ every minute to learn well.我们应该充分利用每一分钟好好学习。(2)Our factory _ robots.我们工厂正越来越多地使用机器人。答案：make good use of;is making increasing use of拓展：be of great use很有用go out of use不被使用，废弃come into use开始被使用be in use在使用中bring/put.to use加以使用【注意】在学习语言的过程中应注意语言的活用以及词的搭配。How much do you know about the use that we have made_of the money？(句子中use做先行词，关系代词that代替use，在定语从句中做make的宾语。)我们对钱的使用情况你了解多少？9play a role/part in在中担任角色；在中起作用play an important role/part in在方面起重要作用play the role of sb.play/act the part of sb.(在剧中)扮演某人的角色play the leading role起主要(带头)作用即学即练9(1)Science and technology _ _ developing agriculture.科技在发展农业中起重要作用。(2)He will _ the doctor in my latest drama.他将在我最新的戏里出演医生的角色。答案：plays an;important role/part in;play/act the role/part of【提示】play a role/part in是“动词名词介词”构成的动词短语，这类短语有两个重要考点：(1)用名词做主语，用于被动句；(2)用名词做先行词，用于定语从句。类似短语有：make use of, pay attention to等易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解。应用1(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room.答案：realize;known;recognized2. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。应用2(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.答案：that is;for example;such as;and so on3. with的复合结构应用3(1)Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.Afilled Bfilling Cto fill Dbeing filled解析：with复合结构中，work和fill是主动关系，且表示正在进行，因此其后要用doing结构。答案：B(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _， he gladly accepted it.Afinished Bfinishing Chaving finished Dwas finished解析：根据work和finish是被动关系，可以判断出答案。答案：A(3)_ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.AWith BBesides CAs for DBecause of解析：根据句意，此处应采用“with宾语不定式”。答案：A(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room _ his nose red.Ato Bon Cin Dwith解析：这个句子考查with的复合结构的用法，用“with名词形容词”做状语表示伴随情况。而to、on、in作为介词则没有这种用法，故排除A、B、C，答案为D。句意是：外面天气很冷，那个男孩跑进了屋子时，鼻子红红的。答案：D晚练：自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1A lot of students p_ at the meeting took part in the discussion.2The tall tree was struck by l_ and broke.3The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p_ at the filling station.4Go up in an e_ to the fifth floor.5He looked calm, but a_ he was very nervous.答案：present;lightning;petrol;elevator;actually6In the word “happy” the _(重音) is on the first syllable.7He has a poor _(词汇), so he cant express himself correctly.8The gentlemen disclosed their own _(身份)9Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the _(惯用法) of English.10Though he is not a _(本国的) English speaker, he can speak English very fluently.accent答案：vocabulary;identities;usage;native .单项选择1(2020;2020安徽卷)Do you think its a good idea to make friends with your students?_， I do. I think its a great idea.AReally BObviously CActually DGenerally答案：C解析：考查副词。really真正地；obviously明显地；actually实际上； generally大体上。actually在句中起加强语气的作用，相当于sure，certainly, of course。2His uncle made a film _ his story in his childhood.Abased on Bwas based on Cbasing on Dto base on答案：A解析：based on为过去分词短语，在句中做后置定语修饰a film。3(2020;2020山东潍坊质量监测)It could be judged from her eyes _ she was very satisfied with her performance.Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhere答案：C解析：考查名词性从句。语意为：她对她的表现很满意，这可以从她的眼睛里判断出来。It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主句。4The money collected should be made good use _ the people in Sichuan Province who suffered a lot in the earthquake.Aof helping Bto help Cto helping Dof to help答案：D解析：make (good) use of“(好好)利用”，变为被动时态即be made use of；句中to help the people.为不定式做目的状语。5During the flight to the Moon, Change I Satellite _ adjusts her direction so that she can go into her programmed orbit and then circle around it at the most appropriate angle(角度)Aeventually Bgradually Cconstantly Dcontinuously答案：B解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意为：在飞往月球的途中，嫦娥一号卫星逐渐调整她的方向以便能进入预定的轨道并以合适的角度绕其运行。A.最终；B.逐渐地；C.不断地；D.继续地。6Im Chinese and I do feel _ Chinese language is _ most beautiful language. Whats your opinion?Athe; a B/; the Cthe; / D/; a答案：A解析：第一空需填the，指“汉语”；第二空填a, a most beautiful language是泛指，其中most相当于very。7_ as a serious problem at present, it has drawn a lot of peoples attention.ARecognize BRecognized CBeing recognized DHaving recognized答案：B解析：be recognized as“被认为是”；句中recognized为过去分词做状语。8The army received a command that they _ to the front immediately.Awould march Bmust march Cshould march Dwere marching答案：C解析：command“命令”，其 that从句中用“(should)动词原形”。9The newlyfounded chess club formally _ us to attend the opening ceremony.Arequested Brequired Cdemanded Dcommanded答案：A解析：表示正式委婉的请求用 request。10(2020;2020江西一模)Films, _ the one you told me about yesterday or the one that will be on, _ not worth seeing.Aincluding; is Bas well as; are Cbesides; is Dsuch as; are答案：D解析：such as 用于列举事物。又因为主语为复数，第二空格用 are，故选D。本句译为：像你昨天告诉我的电影，以及即将上映的，都不值得看。11The part that China _in the international affairs _ in the international society.Aplays; is widely praised Bplays; is wide praised Ctakes; widely praised Dtakes; wide praised答案：A解析：第一空考查短语 play a part in; 第二空考查被动语态。12_， a sleepy driver killed twentytwo students and teachers in a traffic accident in Shanxi Province.AWhats more BAfter all CBelieve it or not DMore or less答案：C解析：考查固定短语。13Many students make great progress in listening _ the large amount of time devoted to it.Abecause of Binstead of Cin case of Din spite of答案：A解析：考查介词短语。because of“因为”。14Oh, its you! I _ you.Ive just had my hair cut, and Im wearing new glasses.Adidnt recognize Bdidnt know Chavent recognized Dhavent known答案：A解析：句中表示“刚刚没有认出某人”用 didnt recognize。15He wont change his mind _ you go and try to persuade him yourself.Asince Buntil Cas if Deven if答案：D解析：考查 even if引导让步状语从句。III完形填空：语气判定法。人们在对话时，话语中会透露出不同的语气，如褒扬、批评、高兴、生气、满意、怨恨、关心、冷漠、友好、挑衅、懊恼、幽默等等。“语气”是表达意义的特殊语法资源，分析“语气”是分析说话者之间人际关系的重要手段。完形填空题中有时会出现一些对话，考生要根据上下文的语境分析话语中的语气，正确理解文章的确切含义。On a warm Monday，Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees.Rolling down the windows to _41_ 摇下车窗当然是让新鲜空气进来。 in fresh air，she settled back to enjoy her lunch.Suddenly she _42_ 突然看到一个人跑过来。不知道notice与watch的区别，可能会选错答案。 a big bald (秃顶的) man running through the parking lot.Before she came to _43_ 她还没意识到怎么回事。 what would happen，the man was there，shouting through her window，“Get out！”注意他说话的语气。Neilson _44_.一个陌生人凶巴巴地叫她下车，她当然会拒绝。Pulling open her door，the man seized her _45_ 惯用法。seize sb. by the.“抓住某人的”。 the neck and hair，and threw her out of the car onto the ground.She screamed，_46_ 慌乱中没忘记抓住自己的钱包和车钥匙。下文有暗示。 her purse and the keys.Two reporters of the local newspaper，Robert Bruce and Jeff Jackson，just outside their office building on a _47_，当地两名记者在办公楼外休息。heard the screams and began running.为48题做铺垫。When they _48_ 两名记者来到时。 Neilsons car，the attacker had jumped into the drivers seat and was _49_ 发疯般地找车钥匙，想尽快逃离！ searching for the keys.车钥匙已被拿走了。为46题提供暗示。Bruce opened the door，and he and Jackson dragged the man out.The attacker _50_ back.劫匪反抗。But even in his cornered panic，做困兽斗。he was no _51_ 习语。be no match for.“根本不是的对手”。 for the two athletic men.两位记者可是有运动员般强健的体魄啊。哼，跟我斗！Reggie Miller，a worker of the local newspaper，heard the screams，too.He rushed back to the office to _52_ 报警。 the police，and then ran back with some plastic ropes 为53题做铺垫。used to tie up newspapers.With his arms _53_ 劫匪被绑了起来。 tightly behind him，the prisoner looked up and said _54_，冷冷地说。体会他说话的语气。“I hope you guys feel good 反话。在威胁两名记者。穷凶极恶的家伙！ about yourselvesyou just caught one of the most wanted men.” 我可是头号通缉犯！我是恶人我怕谁！小心着吧小子！ They _55_ him 对劫匪的威胁不予理睬。and waited for the police.Later，Bruce and Jackson were shocked to learn the man was the _56_ 惯匪，职业杀手。 carjacker (劫车者) and suspected murderer，whose _57_ 照片。 but with a full head of hair 为57题提供暗示。 had been recently printed in their own newspaper.文章概述一个男人企图用暴力抢劫Neilson女士的汽车。听到她的尖叫后两位当地报纸的记者跑过来制服了罪犯，在另一位工人的帮助下，把罪犯捆绑起来等待警察的到来。罪犯很嚣张，语气凶狠，试图威胁。但他们却不予理睬。难点剖析parking lot“停车场”。you guys此处是骂人的话，可译为“你们几个小子”。长句注解I hope you guys feel good about yourselvesyou just caught one of the most wa