On the causes of adverse reactions medicine and preventive measures（不良反应药物的原因和预防措施）

1、 On the causes of adverse reactions medicine and preventive measures Keywords adverse reactions, causes, preventive measures Adverse drug reactions (adverse drug reactions, referred to as ADR refers to the normal dose of the drug for the prevention, diagnosis, cure diseases or physiological function

2、 that occurs when harmful and irrelevant to the purpose and drug response. Chinese medicine is a valuable heritage of human history, brilliant scientific achievements of the Chinese nation on behalf of thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation based on the use of Chin

3、ese medicine to prevent various diseases, made a great contribution to Chinese medicine for its safe and effective, drug side effects in patients with significant clinical advantages are of all ages. With a large number of traditional Chinese medicine, long-term use, that traditional Chinese medicin

4、e as a natural drug, non-toxic side effects or cure all disease-free physical and other perspectives, leading to the emergence of abuse medicine With the clinical application of Chinese medicine increasingly widespread, the resulting adverse effects of Chinese medicine, more and more, therefore, the

5、 clinical use of Chinese medicine must attach great importance to traditional Chinese medicine adverse reactions. now for the causes of adverse reactions medicine to make the following Analysis. The quality of traditional Chinese medicine 1.1 breed A wide variety of traditional Chinese medicine, com

6、plex sources, drugs homonym, synonyms of the situation is inevitable. Poor potency of these drugs, the drug between different varieties for use or misuse may lead to adverse reactions such as money grass foreign body with many famous, there is a perennial herb, Sichuan Primulaceae Lysimachia of the

7、whole plant, plant of Jiangsu Labiatae blood Dan the whole plant, said the money grass around there are many medicinal plants, clinical treatment liver and gallstones in Sichuan money grass (Lysimachia efficacy as good old grass, and treatment of urinary tract stones places Labiatae blood Dan (Glech

8、omae better. the function of different varieties, if not identified a clear clinical medicine, then easily lead to adverse reactions 1. tonkinensis are the broad bean root and Menispermi, former Sophora species, while the latter is Menispermaceae plant roots bats Ge, Menispermi with detoxification f

9、unction , often used as medicine treatment of sore throat, and broad bean root prone to cause vomiting, experiments show that the broad bean root toxicity was significantly greater than Menispermi, and if the child and Toosendan Melia, in some areas when Toosendan insufficient to Chinaberry offsprin

10、g with, this is wrong, Neem is toxic sub-products, can not be confused with Toosendan medicine. 1.2 Origin Natural environment on the chemical substances in plants synthesis, metabolism and accumulation of significant effects, thus affecting the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine in

11、the type and quantity, affecting the quality of traditional Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine emphasizes authentic herbs, traditional Chinese medicine whose purpose is to ensure an active ingredient contained in a relatively fixed, such as Shandong, produced by the honeysuckle chlorogenic acid cont

12、ent of up to 5.87%, while the Sichuan produced contains only 0.125%. Astragalus membranaceus in Inner Mongolia production of high quality, and transplanting the plants in Heilongjiang tall, of poor quality while the growth of Chinese medicine in different environments, and toxicity of active ingredi

13、ents are different, so the show is different therapeutic consequences, such as Yunnan, with a film produced by red vine than with a film produced by Sichuan toxic 18 times. 1.3 concocted processing An old saying: your in the pharmaceutical moderate, less than the effect of hard to find, too anti-vec

14、tor is the smell. Cooked up the processing of traditional Chinese medicine is very careful, a lot of toxic after processing can reduce the toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine, rather than processed or unprocessed formal Chinese medicine, when used in clinical medicine the incidence of adverse r

15、eactions greatly increased, such as Evodia as a toxic drug, medicine to be cooked, Daphne toxic, required Cuzhu or vinegar, can be used for the treatment of aristolochic Hyperactivity cough, if the raw bad taste with bitter cold, easily hurt Stomach, after serving can cause nausea, vomiting, usually

16、 after taking Mizhi 2. 2 issue of the amount of medicine 2.1 overdose Chinese medicine uses certain dose limit in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and a variety of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy in adults have clearly defined common volume. People think that the non-toxic side effects of traditional

17、 Chinese medicine for up to quick, often drug overdose, which adverse reactions have occurred. Statistics show that the toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine mainly because of the occurrence of excessive drug use 3, such as decoction of Tripterygium root cause of excessive acute renal failure, bl

18、ood stasis drug Chuanxiong, small doses can cause uterine contractions, stimulate the heart, large doses of will inhibit the heart, dilation of blood vessels, lower blood pressure. off by the amount of wood products could lead to acute renal failure and allergic purpura 4. Tonkinensis easily lead to

19、 excessive shock or even death 5. 2.2 accumulation of toxic Certain traditional Chinese medicine in conventional doses, generally does not produce adverse reactions, but long-term use, toxic substances accumulate in the body, can also cause adverse reactions, especially Chinese herbs more susceptibl

20、e to accumulation of mineral poisoning. Even the wind, Atractylodes Chinese herbs, long-term use may produce adverse reactions, such as bezoar detoxification pills and in vivo may be partially due to absorption of realgar and accumulate, causing arsenic poisoning, such as senna as diarrhea drugs, wh

21、ile a certain stimulus of some patients with chronic constipation long soak clothes, hypokalemia may occur should be noted, may also lead to cirrhosis of the liver 6 not only toxic substances that, even if some of the placid nature of the drug long-term use can lead to serious adverse reactions and

22、if continuous application of cinnabar-induced renal failure and death in January reported. 3 issue of the use of traditional Chinese medicine 3.1 Drugs for Chemical substances contained in certain drugs have some toxic or irritating, if incorrect use, is easy to cause adverse reactions such as javan

23、ica javanica containing glycosides, javanica with alkali and saponification of fatty acids, Oral treatment of amoebic dysentery effective, but there is irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, Guchang poured into capsules to swallow. If external, direct

24、 contact with the skin, or allergic shock 7. Only a small amount of topical cantharidin, and medication range is not too large, if taken orally, can easily cause adverse reactions. 3.2 compatibility Chinese compatibility is the main form of Chinese medicine and the essence of Chinese herbal medicine

25、 use should be under the guidance of TCM theory, if the compatibility properly, such as the Smell too much, ignoring contraindications, improper or in conjunction with Western medicine will lead to adverse reactions. Compatibility with ephedra, such as aconite easily lead to toxic reactions, people

26、involved with the use of veratridine, veratridine toxicity will be more than several times the toxicity of its own, can easily cause poisoning. Chinese medicine Corydalis, Aconitum, Coptis and other preparations with pepsin mixture class MS, precipitation will occur, do not use the gastrointestinal

27、tract absorption. Improper boiling 3.3 Chinese medicine decoction is also taking the medicine must pay attention to one aspect. Correct the boiling method, which would enable the active ingredients of drug dissolution and brought into full play the efficacy while reducing side effects of drugs. Fryi

28、ng method, furnace, etc will affect the boiling time to medication effects, such as Inula on the throat the stimulus, it is necessary to pack fried, monkshood, Aconitum drugs toxic and easy to long-frying, and boiling tonkinensis longer due to its toxicity was significantly increased, so the patient

29、 must be told to follow the doctors medication, the correct boiling, to prevent adverse reactions. Links to free download 3.4 preparation Reports suggest that traditional Chinese medicine injection adverse reaction of the total adverse reactions medicine more than 50%, traditional

30、 Chinese medicine made of injection after more susceptible to adverse reactions, and often more serious. Lin Xianghua, etc. from 1996 to 2002, China Pharmaceutical Abstracts documented adverse reactions medicine 358 cases statistical analysis, results showed that: adverse reactions involving a total

31、 of 78 kinds of drugs, including injection drug use 29 species, accounting for 157 cases of adverse reactions induced by 43.85%. 4 individual physical problems Chinese medicine not only with the occurrence of adverse reactions between drugs have a variety of contact, but also with the patients indiv

32、idual body are closely linked. The patients physical difference, tolerance of drugs is also different in different patients are also using the same dose certain drugs, some patients have allergic reactions, and some had no any response, the same toxic side effects in patients with the first few days

33、, but after a few days see a lot of allergic reactions occurred. frail elderly, infants, and liver and kidney disease patients, the tolerance of the drug is also relatively badly, so the age of drug users, sex, physical condition and even ethnic differences are likely to lead to unpredictable and ad

34、verse reactions. 5 preventive medicine measures for adverse events 5.1 increase publicity, popular knowledge of drug As the saying goes: there is a third of drug toxicity. Adverse effects of traditional Chinese medicine, not just a poison, the role of strong drugs, even a sexual level of the drug, i

35、f used improperly, can cause adverse reactions, therefore, we should vigorously popularize medication knowledge, enhance the people on the rational drug use understanding, enhance self-protection awareness and change peoples minds, Safety of traditional Chinese medicine with no side effects concept,

36、 a correct understanding of the use of traditional Chinese medicine, not privately dispensing, do not believe a single prescription to avoid adverse consequences. 5.2 make concerted efforts to ensure drug quality Chinese medicine quality assurance is to prevent adverse reactions occurred in the basi

37、c conditions for all aspects of drug quality should be strict and scientific management, strictly in accordance with national quality standards, such as the planting of traditional Chinese medicine according to the implementation of GAP standards, according to the law of traditional Chinese medicine

38、 processing processing, medicine production process to meet GMP standards, etc. Meanwhile, the administrative law enforcement departments to strictly enforce the law to crack down on counterfeit drugs, regulate the order of drug administration, to strengthen the authentication of medicinal herbs, so

39、 lawless exploits Yaofan Take these measures The key is to source good quality, to ensure safe and effective clinical treatment. 5.3 compatibility and reasonable TCM TCM drugs and prescription medicine, the primary, secondary, junior, so that the set of square principle is to ensure safe and effecti

40、ve medication one of the measures, but also preventive medicine fundamental measure of adverse events of clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine should be based on the specific drug target situation, syndrome differentiation, the right medicine, well-designed prescription, strict control of dos

41、e and cycle, to avoid abuse. special usage, need large doses of medication, there should be theoretical or experimental basis or small dose-escalation, to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, while also to strengthen the legitimacy of traditional Chinese medicine research, clinical medicine an

42、d provide a theoretical and experimental basis. 5.4 to strengthen monitoring Chinese medicine is to prevent the occurrence of adverse reactions specific means to enhance peoples awareness of the prevention of adverse effects of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine adverse reactions to the establishment of monitoring systems and institutions to collect information on clinical adverse reactions,