三拐曲轴加工工艺及夹具设计【铣键槽】【说明书+CAD】
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机械加工工艺规划实施绿色制造技术The machining process planning and implementation of green manufacturing technology一：绿色加工技术Fist: green processing technology机械制造中的绿色加工技术包含以下若干方面。一，是减少物料资源(如实体；原材料、辅助原材料)消耗的技术；二，是如何使用清洁或可再生能源的技术;三，是如何降低能耗的技术；四，是废弃物的再生与利用技术；五，是减少有害废弃物和排放物的技术。将上述绿色技术具体运用于零件制造工艺技术中，就形成零件的绿色加工技术体系。Green machining technology of the machinery includes the following several aspects. fist, it is to reduce the material resource consumption of the auxiliary raw materials in (such as entity; raw materials)Technology; Second, how the use of clean and renewable energy technologies; Three, it is how to reduce the energy consumption of technology; Four, it is a waste of regeneration and utilization of technology; five, it is to reduce the harmful waste and emissions technology. There will be the green technology concrete application in parts manufacturing process technology, forming part of green processing technology system.二：绿色制造工艺规划技术国内外研究现状Second: green manufacturing process planning technology research status at home and abroad绿色工艺规划问题从本质上说就是一种关于决策的问题，它是绿色制造的重要组成部分，绿色工艺规划虽然是以传统的工艺技术为基础，但是它结合了材料科学、控制技术、表面技术等新技术，是一种现代工艺规划方法，它重点在于考虑制造加工过程的环境影响和资源消耗问题，其目的是通过对制造加工工艺方法，规划设计和过程的优化选择，制定出绿色工艺实施方案，从而提高原材料的利用率，减少能源的消耗。降低零件制造成本，减少废弃物的产生，因此，绿色工艺规划技术是一种专门用于解决产品制造加工过程中资源消耗和环境问题的方法。绿色制造中急需解决的关键技术之一就是基于绿色制造的机械加工工艺规划问题，即产品加工过程中的废物流及其影响问题。它在国际上受到了各方面的高度重视。Green process planning problem in essence is a kind of questions about the decision, it is an important part of the green manufacturing, while green process planning is based on the traditional technology, but it is a combination of materials science, control technology and surface technology, new technology,which is a modern process planning method, it is focused on considering environmental impact and resource consumption problem in the process of manufacturing processes, the purpose is to through to the manufacturing process method, planning and design and optimal selection of the process, developing green technology implementation, so as to improve the utilization rate of raw materials, reducing energy consumption. Parts manufacturing to reduce costs, reducing the production of waste, as a result, the green process planning technology is a dedicated to solve product manufacturing resource consumption and environmental problems in the process of machining method. Urgently needed to be solved during green manufacturing is one of the key technology of machining process planning based on green manufacturing problems, namely the waste streams and effect problem in the process of product processing. It attaches great importance to by all aspects in the world.在国外，如美国的NSF/ARPA机床敏捷制造研究所(MTAMR工)曾联合其他4所。著名高校：加利福尼亚大学Berkeley分校(UCB)，伊利诺斯州立大学(UIUC)!密执根技术大学(MTU)，内布拉斯加州立大学(UN)于1995年设立了“环境意识机床系统”的重大研究课题，制定了各阶段的短期目标和长期的目标，开展工艺规划方面的研究，此项课题将机床系统看成一个I/0系统，系统的输入(I)为切削速度，切削深度，进给速度等可控参数；输出(0)为切削废液、切削热、磨损刀具和报废的机床等，系统目标为利润、成本、时间和工件精度等，该课题还对与环境意识机床加工系统有关的切屑的形态学、切削液系统、运动学及动力学机理、机床寿命性能、刀具磨损、切削热的生成和传递机理、健康毒性评价以及非传统加工系统的废物流特性等进行了研究，用户通过国际互联网登陆(Login)本软件接口界面(Interface)，在其中输入加工参数、应用方法、切削液的类型，现场因素等参数，并向CFEST确认提交CFEST系统将处理结果以图形或超文本的方式反馈给用户，其输出结果主要是一些量化数据,其中包括切削液的环境影响、工艺性能、健康与安全毒性打分、采购和使用成本等的量化数据，CFEST是一个包括UCB的健康与安全毒性评价模块!MTU开发的工艺性能模块和U工UC开发的切削液处理影响模块的分布而又集成的软件原型，该软件目前只对键削浸泡式、车削浸泡式、喷射式和攻丝等四种加工方式的切削液进行评价，对于处于不同地理位置的软件模块，可由UIUC开发的数据传输机制通过工nternet向其传输数据。 In foreign countries, such as the United States NSF/ARPA agile manufacturing machine tool research institute (MTAMR workers) have joined other 4. Famous university: university of California at Berkeley (UCB), the university of Illinois (UIUC)! Technology university of Michigan (MTU), university of Nebraska (UN) in 1995 set up a major research topic in the environmental consciousness of machine tool system, set in different stages of the short-term goals and long-term goals and process planning aspects of the study, the subject machine system as an I / 0, the system input (I) as the cutting speed, cutting depth, feed speed; controllable parameters, such as the output (0) for cutting waste, cutting heat, wear and tear And scrap machine tools, the system target for profit, cost, time and precision of workpiece, the subject is related to environmental awareness machine tool machining system chip morphology, cutting fluid system, kinematics and dynamics of mechanism, machine tools performance, tool wear, cutting heat generation and transfer mechanism, toxicity of health evaluation and the characteristics of waste streams of non-traditional machining system is studied, such as, the user Login (Login) this software through the Internet interfaces (Interface), in which the input processing parameters, application method, the type of cutting fluid, the factors such as parameters, and shall submit to CFEST confirm CFEST system will process the results feedback to the user, in the form of graphics or hypertext its output is mainly some quantitative data, including the environmental impact of cutting fluid, process performance, health and safety, toxicity grade, procurement and use of quantitative data, such as the cost , CFEST is a health and safety including UCB toxicity evaluation module! MTU development process performance of the module and U work UC cutting fluid processing affect the distribution of the module and integrated software prototype, the software is only for key cut immersion, turning immersion, jet and tapping and other four kinds of processing way to evaluate cutting fluid, for software modules in the different geographical position, can be developed by UIUC data transmission mechanism through work nternet to transmit data .与此同时，美国国家清洁工业和处理技术中心(CenCITT)为了便于长期支持环境意识制造方面课题的研究。专门设立了环境意识制造的技术专题：如J.W.Sutherland承担的环境意识制造，离散产品加工过程中的废物流分析课题，该项目利用决策工具对工艺的废物流进行预测，其目标是通过研究产品制造过程中的废物流特性。提出废物流更小的工艺方法。 At the same time, the national clean industrial and processing center (CenCITT) to facilitate the long-term support environmental consciousness manufacturing research. set up special environmental consciousness of manufacturing technology projects: such as J.W.S utherland assume the environmental consciousness of manufacturing, waste flow analysis in the process of discrete product processing. subject, the program using decision making tools to process waste streams to forecast, the goal is through studying the characteristics of the waste stream in the process of product manufacturing. Less waste streams process method is put forward.隶属于Berkeley加州大学的绿色设计与制造联盟从事绿色制造方面的研究工作积累了长期的经验，在绿色工艺方面做了次量的研究。他们提出了一种-基于特征的绿色工艺规划方法，建立了一种面向绿色制造的切削加工分析模型、并对切削液的健康毒性评价等进行了较为深入的研究。Affiliated with the university of California, Berkeley alliance for a green design and manufacturing in the fields of green manufacturing research work has accumulated experience for a long time, do the research of the amount of the time in green technology. They proposed a - green process planning method based on feature, for green manufacturing were also built a analysis model of machining process, and to the health of cutting fluid toxicity evaluation and so on has carried on the thorough research.国内的一些高校和科研院所也对面向绿色制造的工艺规划问题进行了初探，并紧密跟踪国外的研究进展,取得了较好的成果。Some domestic universities and research institutes also to the problem of process planning for green manufacturing has carried on the preliminary study, and closely track the foreign research progress, good results have been achieved.重庆大学刘飞教授及其研究团队于1999一2000年期间在国家863/cIMs的资助下。一直从事与基于绿色制造工艺规划方面直接相关的制造系统物能资源节约、机械加工能量特性等方面的探索。尤其在绿色制造工艺规划方法及实用技术研究课题中，该研究团队对压力加工、切削加工、铸造、焊接、特种加工、热处理、覆盖层、装配与包装等9个工艺大类中的一些典型工艺的资源属性和环境特性做了大量深入而细致的工作，对面向绿色制造的工艺规划中的工艺参数优化、工艺种类选择、单工件多机床的节能调度等关键技术进行了初步的研究和探索，并初步建立了一个关于绿色制造工艺数据库和知识库的原型系统。chongqing university professors Liufei and his research team in 1999 during a 2000 in the national 863 / cIMs.Funding. Have been engaged in and based on green manufacturing process planning is directly related to the content of manufacturing system resources To save energy, mechanical processing characteristics of exploration. Especially in the green manufacturing process planning method and practical Technology research topic, the research team of pressure processing, machining, casting, welding, special processing,Heat treatment, coating, assembly and packing and so on nine categories of some typical processes of the resource properties and ring Habitat characteristics done a lot of in-depth and meticulous work, the process planning for green manufacturing process parameters optimizationType selection, process, key technology such as simplex a machine more energy-efficient scheduling has carried on the preliminary research and exploration Preliminary established, and a prototype system about green manufacturing process database and knowledge base .除了重庆大学外，国内的清华大学、上海交通大学、华中科技大学，同济大学、合肥工业大学、机械科学研究院等在内的国内其他单位也开展了一些与面向绿色制造工艺相关的研究工作。近年来，一批专门从事绿色制造研究的科研团队已经形成，随之大量的研究性学术论文和学术专著得到发表或出版，有关技术手册和标准也收录了绿色设计与制造方面的技术。2000年第9期5中国机械工程6杂志曾出版了绿色制造专辑论文。In addition to the chongqing university, tsinghua university, Shanghai jiao tong university, huazhong university of science and technology, tongji universityScience, hefei university of technology, mechanical science research institute, the domestic other units also carried out some and oriented Green manufacturing process related research work. in recent years, a number of specialized in green manufacturing research team has been formed, with a large number of research papers and monographs published or print, the related technical manual and the standard also includes green design and manufacturing technology. 5. 9th 2000 Chinese journal of mechanical engineering 6 had published a green manufacturing album paper.三：绿色制造及其相关技术的研究具有的意义:Three: the meaning of green manufacturing and its related technology research 1；绿色制造是人类社会可持续发展的必然需求,具有重大社会效益.2；绿色制造也将是21世纪企业取得显著经济效益的机遇.3；国际环境管理标准的提出,更增添了企业对绿色制造的需求.4；绿色制造的实施将为我国企业消除国际绿色贸易壁垒提供有力支撑.5；绿色制造的实施将推动一大批新兴产业的形成,包括绿色产品制造产业，实施绿色制造的软件产业.1; Green manufacturing is the inevitable demand of the sustainable development of human society, has significant social benefits.2; Green manufacturing is the 21st century enterprise has made significant economic benefit opportunities.3; International environmental management standards, more added enterprise demand for green manufacturing.4. The implementation of green manufacturing for our country enterprise international green trade barriers to provide strong support.5; The implementation of green manufacturing will promote the formation of a large number of emerging industries, including creates green product manufacturing, the implementation of green manufacturing software industry.企业实施绿色制造,需要大量
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