新编大学英语4unit_1

1、Unit OneTask 1Task 2Task 3 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明杰克也变傻。 People who cannot find time for recreation are obliged sooner or later to find time for illness.找不出时间娱乐的人迟早会被迫找出时间生病。 Rest is sauce to labor.休息是劳动的调味品。Task 1Leisure Activities SayingsTask 1Task 2Task 3Laughter is a

2、 great medicine. Almost all of us like jokes, appreciate humor. What performances usu. make you laugh? Who are your favorite comic stars (笑星), Xiao Shenyang, Guo Degang, Ge You, Ben Stiller etc.? Why do you love them?Task 1Task 2Task 3 The comic art forms may include cross-talk(相声), sketch（小品），new y

3、ears film(贺岁片), talk show（谈话节目），comedy（喜剧）， Sitcom/situation comedy（情景喜剧）, slapstick（打闹剧）, Stand-up（单口滑稽说笑节目）, etc.Task 1Task 2Task 3Task 2Laughter Crosstalk Cross-talk is very popular in China. You can listen to it everywhere. Its popularity lies in its humorous language, the performers quick wits,

4、 their funny gestures and their presentation skills. Another reason is that the subject of cross-talk is close to real life so that it resonates（共鸣）with the audience. Task 1Task 2Task 3slap-sticks 打闹剧打闹剧It is a comedy involving type of exaggerated physical violence or activities including ironic sit

5、uations, such as a character being hit in the face with a heavy frying pan or running into a brick wall, etc. These hyperbolic depictions are often found in childrens cartoons (such as Tom and Jerry.), and light comedies（轻喜（轻喜剧）剧） aimed at younger audiences. Though the term is often used pejorativel

6、y(贬义贬义), the performance of slapstick comedy requires exquisite timing and skillful execution. Eg.1. I prefer the dry humour of situation comedy to the slapstick of circus clowns.我喜欢滑稽戏不动声色的幽默。我喜欢滑稽戏不动声色的幽默。不喜欢马戏小丑的低级打闹不喜欢马戏小丑的低级打闹。 Task 2Task 1Task 2Task 3Task 2Laughter The stand-up comicSimilar to

7、 our Chinese Crosstalk, Americans also have the stand-up comic or comedian (单口滑稽说笑演员), who stands alone in front of the audience and tells jokes to make audience burst into laughter. He does all kinds of accents, he can do jokes. Watch the video clip and tell the difference between crosstalk and the

8、 stand-up comic talk show. Task 1Task 2Task 3Laughter The stand-up comicTask 2Click to stop and click again to continueTask 1Task 2Task 3A famous Chinese stand-up comedian Zhou LiboTask 1Task 2Task 3Standup Comedy (单口相声) Happy childhood by Fang Qingping Task 1Task 2Task 3 Why did we burst into laugh

9、ter when hearing Fangs comic but find little interesting in the American comedians performance?Task 1Task 2Task 3Sensitivity 1. language barrier 2. Jokes usu. are alluded(暗示暗示) not stated（明说）（明说）, while their rich meanings are culturally defined（由文化背景赋予其丰富（由文化背景赋予其丰富的涵义）的涵义）. You need a related back

10、ground information to appreciate them.Task 1Task 2Task 3Task 3“A Bad Writing” Father and SonDirections:Watch the flash carefully and try to tell the humorous story to your class.幻灯放映后在画面上点右键选播放幻灯放映后在画面上点右键选播放HumorTask 1Task 2Task 3Assignment: 1. Preview the in-class reading and finish the exercises

11、from p.15-17.2. Id like 5 of you to present a piece of English humor in class. (Tell it orally then present us the script and the punchline with your 1-page ppt.) You may choose following items: a play on words, comic strips, puns, double entendres etc.In-Class ReadingThe most common types of humor

12、mentioned in the text are: slap-stick, a play on words, puns and double-entendres. Of all these I personally prefer ,for. It often makes fun of another person and appeals to all ages and cultures.Yes. I think so. I like to be with humorous people because they can make me laugh when I am unhappy. The

13、y can change an awkward situation and help people get rid of embarrassment by making everybody laugh. With such people, life becomes more interesting and enjoyable. Therefore humorous people are like sunshine and are very popular with others.(Para. 1-3)(Para. 4) The typical three parts of a joke (Pa

14、ra. 5) Different forms of humor (Para. 6-12)universal (adj.) (Line1, Para1) 1) relating to everyone in the world or everyone in a particular group or society 普遍的普遍的, 全体的全体的 卡拉卡拉OK提供了提供了大众化的大众化的娱乐。娱乐。SARS and bird flu have once caused universal panic.非典和禽流感曾经引起过非典和禽流感曾经引起过普遍的普遍的恐慌。恐慌。 2) true or suit

15、able in every situation 通用的；万能的通用的；万能的a universal instrument 万能仪万能仪a universal meter 通用电表通用电表名词形式：名词形式：universe 宇宙宇宙But, what is it that makes a story or a joke funny? 本句为强调句型的疑问句，用于强调句子中的主本句为强调句型的疑问句，用于强调句子中的主语。语。那么，那么，到底是什么东西到底是什么东西使一个故事或笑话让人使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可感到滑稽可笑笑呢？呢？humor (n.) (Line 4, Para. 2) (

16、capacity to cause or feel) amusement 幽默；诙谐幽默；诙谐请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。中央电视台节目主持人李咏中央电视台节目主持人李咏很有幽默感很有幽默感。CCTVs host Li Yong _.他正在写一本他正在写一本幽默小说幽默小说。He is writing _.a novel full of humorhas a great sense of humorhumorous (adj.) (Line 21, Para. 5) 幽默的幽默的humorless (adj.) (Line 19, Para. 3) 缺乏幽默感的缺乏幽默感的humori

17、st (n.) (Line 65, Para. 10) 幽默幽默( (作作) )家家, , 有敏锐幽默感的人有敏锐幽默感的人请用请用 humorous, humorless 或或 humorist填空。填空。I think actor Guo Donglin is rather _.humorousWe all view his father as a _.humoristhumorless 心甘情愿心甘情愿/出于自己喜好做的苦差事出于自己喜好做的苦差事Fall out of chair laughing:笑得前仰后合笑得前仰后合本句为本句为强调句型强调句型的特殊疑问句，用于强调的特殊疑问句，

18、用于强调原因状语。句中原因状语。句中it是形式主语，是形式主语， that引导引导真实主语从句真实主语从句。 句中的两个并列真实主语句中的两个并列真实主语是是several students和和 the rest of the students两个主语从句。两个主语从句。laughing after I tell a joke 是现在分词短语做伴随状语修饰是现在分词短语做伴随状语修饰several students。为什么为什么每次我有重要约会时，脸上都会冒出一个很每次我有重要约会时，脸上都会冒出一个很大的青春痘呢？大的青春痘呢？ Why is it that every time I hav

19、e a hot date, I break out with a big Zit(pimple/spot) on my face?嗯嗯这个工作最让你感兴趣的方面这个工作最让你感兴趣的方面是什么是什么呢？呢？Hmm, what is it that interests you most about the job?你上一次看见她是你上一次看见她是多久以前多久以前的事的事?Some people are more sensitive to (对对敏感敏感) humor than others.有些人有些人对对幽默比别人幽默比别人敏感敏感。Others struggle to (费好大去费好大去)

20、say sth funny.费好大费好大的劲说点有趣的事的劲说点有趣的事sense (n.) (Line 16, Para.3) 1) good practical understanding and judgment 见识；判断力；领悟（常与见识；判断力；领悟（常与of连用）连用）他的父亲是一个他的父亲是一个责任感很强责任感很强的人。的人。在儿童时代就培养在儿童时代就培养是非感是非感是相当重要的。是相当重要的。 Cultivating the moral sense in the childhood is quite important. 2) a way in which a person

21、 can know about the physical world, for example, through sight or hearing 官能；感官官能；感官 （如视觉，听觉，嗅觉，味觉及触觉）（如视觉，听觉，嗅觉，味觉及触觉）那位特工那位特工(agent)听觉敏锐听觉敏锐。As we know, dogs have a good sense of smell. 如我们所知，狗的如我们所知，狗的嗅觉很灵敏嗅觉很灵敏。sense (v.) (Line 94, Para.12) to have a feeling about something without being told di

22、rectly 感觉到，觉察到，意识到感觉到，觉察到，意识到 她她发觉发觉自己的建议不受欢迎。自己的建议不受欢迎。奥运冠军郭晶晶能够奥运冠军郭晶晶能够感受到感受到一些记者的问题并不友一些记者的问题并不友好。好。 Olympic champion Guo Jingjing could sense that some reporters questions were not friendly. Trigger an entire string of jokes from that persons memory bank. 从他记忆中引出一连串的笑话。从他记忆中引出一连串的笑话。trigger (Li

23、ne 18, Para. 3) (v.) to start a chain of events; be the immediate cause of (sth. serious or violent) 触发，引发，为触发，引发，为 （某严重或暴力的事件的）直接原因（某严重或暴力的事件的）直接原因请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。Kashmir issue incessantly _ between India and Pakistan. 克什米尔问题不断克什米尔问题不断激起激起印巴之间的印巴之间的武装冲突武装冲突。This incident may _. 这一事件可能会这一事件可能会引起连锁

24、反应引起连锁反应。trigger a chain reactiontriggers (off) armed conflicts (n.) lever for releasing a spring, esp. of a firearm (释放弹簧的释放弹簧的)扳柄；扳柄；(枪的枪的)扳机；引爆器扳机；引爆器请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。James Bond _but failed in the end. 007试图伸手去够引爆器试图伸手去够引爆器，但没有成功。，但没有成功。_ is made from a particular material. 那把手枪的扳机那把手枪的扳机是由一种特殊材

25、料制作的。是由一种特殊材料制作的。The trigger of that gun tried to reach his hand for the trigger focus (n.) (Line 21, Para. 3) point at which interests, tendencies, etc., meet 兴趣，趋势等的中心；焦点兴趣，趋势等的中心；焦点The focus of attention:关注的焦点关注的焦点请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。Many scientists were trying to find _. 很多科学家都在全力寻找很多科学家都在全力寻找震源震源

26、。Yao Mings wonderful performance in NBA enables him to become _. 姚明在姚明在NBA的精彩表现使得他成为的精彩表现使得他成为篮球迷们关篮球迷们关注的焦点注的焦点。the focus of basketball fans the focus of the attentionearthquake(vt & vi.) concentrate 集中；使集中于焦点集中；使集中于焦点你应该你应该把精力放在工作上把精力放在工作上。台湾当局应该台湾当局应该更多地关注更多地关注如何改善与祖国大陆的如何改善与祖国大陆的关系。关系。 The Taiwa

27、n authority is supposed to focus more attention on how to improve its relationship with the Chinese mainland. mutual (adj.) (Line 25, Para. 4) 1) shared by two people and directed towards each other (used of feeling) 相互的相互的, 彼此的彼此的 (指感情指感情)请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。_ helped the players of the Chinese womens

28、 volleyball team achieve the victory in the final. 互相的支持和鼓励互相的支持和鼓励帮助中国女排的队员取得了决赛帮助中国女排的队员取得了决赛的胜利。的胜利。宽恕源于宽恕源于彼此的理解彼此的理解。Forgiveness is due to _.mutual understandingMutual support and inspiration 2) shared by two or more people 共同的共同的, 共有的共有的共同的努力共同的努力是成功的关键。是成功的关键。她们发现她们对蔡依林的歌她们发现她们对蔡依林的歌有着有着共同的兴趣

29、共同的兴趣。 They found that they had a mutual interest in Jolin Tsais (Cai Yilin) songs.tempt (v.) (Line 28, Para. 4) 1) to try to persuade someone to do something which maybe unwise or immoral 引诱引诱, 诱惑诱惑常用结构：常用结构：be tempted to do sth. 某人被诱惑（诱骗）做某事某人被诱惑（诱骗）做某事请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。That old man was _. 那个老人正在那

30、个老人正在劝诱一些年轻人加入那个神秘的组织劝诱一些年轻人加入那个神秘的组织。tempting some teenagers to join that mysterious organizationThat boy _ become a thief. 那个男孩儿那个男孩儿受人诱骗受人诱骗而成了一名小偷。而成了一名小偷。was tempted to 2) try to persuade someone to do something by making it seem attractive 吸引吸引, 引起引起的兴趣的兴趣请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。The fine weather and

31、 beautiful scenery _. 不错的天气和美丽的景色不错的天气和美丽的景色吸引着我们到户外去吸引着我们到户外去。tempted us to go outsideThe enterprises and research institutes in Western countries always_with attractive salary and working conditions. 西方国家的企业和研究机构总是用优厚的薪水和优西方国家的企业和研究机构总是用优厚的薪水和优越的工作条件越的工作条件吸引中国的年轻人才吸引中国的年轻人才。tempt Chinese young tal

32、ents 名词形式：名词形式：temptation 诱惑物；有诱惑的东西诱惑物；有诱惑的东西请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。 What are the three typical parts of a joke in Para.5?present (adj.) /preznt/(Line 36, Para. 5) 1) in a particular place at a particular time 出席的；在场的出席的；在场的开幕式举行的时候你开幕式举行的时候你在场在场吗？吗？Were you present at the opening ceremony?会议有多少人会议有多少人出

33、席出席？请掌握以下常见表达。请掌握以下常见表达。现政府现政府在目前在目前 当前的形势当前的形势现存的社会制度现存的社会制度 2) the time that is happening 现在的；现存的（做定语）现在的；现存的（做定语）v. /prizent/(1) to give something to someone, esp. at an official ceremony，describe in a particular way 赠给；献给；赠给；献给； 呈现。呈现。学生们给老师学生们给老师献花。献花。她负责向委员会她负责向委员会提出申请提出申请。 She is responsible

34、for presenting the application to the committee.(2) to be the cause of a problem or difficulty ( present sb with sth ) 引起问题或困难引起问题或困难Falling interests rates present the firm with a new problem. 那位关键队员的突然受伤那位关键队员的突然受伤让主教练感到非常头疼让主教练感到非常头疼。 That key players sudden injury presented the head coach with a

35、 big headache.(n.) /preznt/ gift 礼物；赠品礼物；赠品1. 它深受不同年龄和文化背景的人所喜爱它深受不同年龄和文化背景的人所喜爱。no less（than）: double negationquite asas 和和一样，一样， 不少于，不亚于。不少于，不亚于。 这个笑话并没有因为经常讲而变得这个笑话并没有因为经常讲而变得不再那不再那么么好笑。好笑。她和从前她和从前一样活跃一样活跃。一个动物一个动物,即使是一只小昆虫即使是一只小昆虫,对对疼痛的敏感程度也不比人类少疼痛的敏感程度也不比人类少。value (n.) (Line 51, Para. 7) 1) reg

36、ard highly; have a high opinion of 看重看重 ；重视；重视对于健康和财富，你更对于健康和财富，你更看看重重哪一个？哪一个？ Which do you value most, wealth or health? (2) to calculate how much money something is worth 估估的价格；评价的价格；评价这条项链这条项链被估价为被估价为8000美元。美元。 If you want to sell your car you ought to have it valued.如果你想卖掉你的汽车，你应该找人为它如果你想卖掉你的汽车，

37、你应该找人为它估个价估个价。 valueless (adj.) without value; worthless 无价值的；无用的无价值的；无用的 valuable (adj.) of great value, worth or use 有很大价值的；贵重的；很有用的有很大价值的；贵重的；很有用的invaluable (adj.) of value too high to be measured 价值高到无法估量的；价值高到无法估量的； 无价的无价的Her words proved _ for me to complete my task successfully.invaluable val

38、uelessvaluable 请用请用 valueless , valuable或或 invaluable填空。填空。Cross-talk can be heard anywhere from small village to相声相声无论是在无论是在还是在还是在随处都能听到随处都能听到。It is clearly a traditional form of humor well understood by Chinese people.它显然是中国它显然是中国家喻户晓的家喻户晓的一种传统的幽默形式。一种传统的幽默形式。How come: How did it happen ( that ) /

39、 why为非正式用语，用于询问，意思是为非正式用语，用于询问，意思是“为什为什么？么？是是怎么回事？怎么回事？”，并表示惊讶。，并表示惊讶。 你你为什么为什么一字不改地抄别人的作业？一字不改地抄别人的作业？他第一次去那儿时他第一次去那儿时怎么怎么没有人发现呢？没有人发现呢？How come nobody found out the first time he went there? 没有自行车的广告，没有自行车的广告，这是怎这是怎么回事么回事 ？How come there are no commercials for bicycles?如果那是事实，如果那是事实，为什么为什么那么多聪明人那么

40、多聪明人会会有笨孩子呢？有笨孩子呢？ A note of : a stated quality, feeling or atmosphere (特特征、口气、提示征、口气、提示)Eg. There was a note of anger in her voice.variation (n.) (Line 87, Para. 12) a change in degree, amount, or quantity 变更变更, 变化变化, 变异变异, 变种变种我们必须密切注意速度的我们必须密切注意速度的变化变化。 澳大利亚英语实际上是英国英语的一个澳大利亚英语实际上是英国英语的一个变种变种。The

41、Australian English is actually one of the variations of the British English.variety (n.) difference in quantity, type, or character多样化，指一类当中的多样或多多样化，指一类当中的多样或多 种（常用结构种（常用结构a variety of=various各各 种各样的；种种）种各样的；种种）We should try to give variety to our performance.在那个展览会上可以看到在那个展览会上可以看到各种各种各样的各样的钻石制品。钻石制

42、品。A variety of diamond products can be seen at the exhibition.variable (n.) something that can vary in quantity or size变数变数, 可变物可变物, 变量变量比赛的胜利依赖于包括天气在内的很多比赛的胜利依赖于包括天气在内的很多因素因素。 The victory of the match depends on a number of variables, such as the weather.The result of the match relies on lots of _.

43、variablesvariety variation 请用请用 variation , variety或或 variable填空。填空。 Under someones nose （L95）: 1. on a spot under the nose 在鼻子底下；在鼻子底下； 2. right in front of someone; openly 公然公然地地clarification (n.) (Line 95, Para. 12) added information to make something easier to understand 澄清；阐明澄清；阐明请完成下面的句子。请完成下面

44、的句子。They asked for _ of the statements of the company. 他们要求得到关于公司声明的他们要求得到关于公司声明的进一步的解释进一步的解释。further clarification That newspaper _ of the incorrect statements about the effect of that medicine on its front page. 那家报纸在其头版那家报纸在其头版澄清了澄清了对于那种药效的错误的声明。对于那种药效的错误的声明。printed clarifications clarify (v.) ma

45、ke something easier to understand by explaining it more fully 澄清；阐明；使澄清；阐明；使明白明白You are supposed to clarify your stand at the meeting.你必须在会上你必须在会上阐明阐明自己的立场。自己的立场。 persist (vi.) (Line 102, Para. 13) to continue to exist; last 继续存在继续存在雾雾还有几天才能散还有几天才能散，所以提醒司机谨慎驾驶。，所以提醒司机谨慎驾驶。 Fog will persist for sever

46、al days, so drivers are warned to be careful.(2) (-in) to continue doing something with determination in spite of opposition 坚持；坚持； 执意执意请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。如果你的弟弟如果你的弟弟继续制造麻烦继续制造麻烦，公司就不得不解雇他。，公司就不得不解雇他。If your brother _, the company may have to dismiss him.persists in causing troubleThe US president G

47、eorge. W. Bush _ to Iraq. 美国总统布什美国总统布什坚持派更多军队坚持派更多军队前往伊拉克。前往伊拉克。persists in sending more troops persistence (n.) persisting or being persistent 坚持；固执；持续；存留坚持；固执；持续；存留His persistence was rewarded when they finally agreed to resume discussions.(Be to) Blame for: be responsible for 归咎于归咎于,责怪责怪Eg: 1. Wh

48、o is to blame for the loss? 这次损失谁该负责这次损失谁该负责? 2. The driver was not to blame for the accident. 这次事故怪不着司机。这次事故怪不着司机。Passage 1:1. Do you like to read detective stories? Are you familiar with Poirot(波罗波罗), Holmes（福尔摩斯）（福尔摩斯）, Conan（柯南）（柯南） or any other famous detectives?2. Comprehension questions of th

49、e passage: a. what is the attraction of Agathas books? b. What was the setting and background of her novels? c. Are there any differences between Agatha and contemporary crime writer?1. what is the attraction of Agathas books? (Para.2 & para.6) Easy to understand; is cleverly constructed; set a puzz

50、le for the reader and end with a solution; appeal to human curiosity; not a real world (safe and predictable world). 2. What was the setting and background of her novels? In Para.4 & para.5 3. Are there any differences between Agatha and contemporary crime writer? a. Modern crime novel (Line44-49) b

51、. Agathas cozy school of crime fiction (para.7) What are the messages that the author wants to convey in his story?It has been a labor of love.I fooled you again.Some people have a better sense of humor than others just as some people have more musical talent.这出于自己的喜好。这出于自己的喜好。你又上了我的当。你又上了我的当。有些人比别人

52、更有幽默感，就像有些人更有音乐有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更有音乐天赋一样。天赋一样。It appeals to all ages and all cultures. 它广为不同年龄和不同文化背景的人所喜爱。它广为不同年龄和不同文化背景的人所喜爱。Nearly every comedian has used the following joke in one form or another.Cross-talk can be heard anywhere from small village stages to the largest Beijing theaters, and to r

53、adio and television.几乎每一位滑稽说笑演员都以这样或那样的方式几乎每一位滑稽说笑演员都以这样或那样的方式讲过下面这个笑话。讲过下面这个笑话。无论是在乡村的舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，无论是在乡村的舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，或是在广播、电视上，或是在广播、电视上， 随处都能听到相声。随处都能听到相声。Ding Cong is a master of word play.丁聪是位调皮话大师。丁聪是位调皮话大师。I dont think humor is to be blamed for that.我认为这不是幽默的过我认为这不是幽默的过错。错。处理英语长句的翻译技巧处

54、理英语长句的翻译技巧注意英语长句的特点注意英语长句的特点 由于连词、冠词、介词等功能词的作用以及各种非谓语由于连词、冠词、介词等功能词的作用以及各种非谓语动词、谓语动词和代表不同逻辑关系的从句等结构形式的存动词、谓语动词和代表不同逻辑关系的从句等结构形式的存在，使英语长句的特点表现为修饰语多，联合成份多，结构在，使英语长句的特点表现为修饰语多，联合成份多，结构复杂，但是表达效果条理清晰，脉络分明。复杂，但是表达效果条理清晰，脉络分明。 例如：例如： We are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil

55、l needs which have been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. 我们面临着一种选择：要么利用技术来提供并满足一直被我们面临着一种选择：要么利用技术来提供并满足一直被视为并无必要的各种需求，要么利用技术来缩短人们为了维持视为并无必要的各种需求，要么利用技术来缩短人们为了维持一定的生活

56、水准而必须工作的时数。一定的生活水准而必须工作的时数。 注意注意汉语长句的特点汉语长句的特点 汉语长句字数较多，结构较复杂，含有多层意思。但是汉语长句字数较多，结构较复杂，含有多层意思。但是由于倾向于短句的使用，所以通过合理的安排，在表达效果由于倾向于短句的使用，所以通过合理的安排，在表达效果上也能做到层次清楚，含义清晰，语气连贯。例如：上也能做到层次清楚，含义清晰，语气连贯。例如： 你们将要进行考察的这座城市，曾经是闻名世界的四大文明你们将要进行考察的这座城市，曾经是闻名世界的四大文明古城之一。摆在你们面前的印刷品，会使你们对该城市有个基本古城之一。摆在你们面前的印刷品，会使你们对该城市有个

57、基本概念：它如何形成；从初具雏形它就带着何种与生俱来的发展趋概念：它如何形成；从初具雏形它就带着何种与生俱来的发展趋势；而这些趋势又如何使它在建筑风格上形成今天这种格局。势；而这些趋势又如何使它在建筑风格上形成今天这种格局。 You will have a general idea from the handout which you have in front of you of how this city originated, which had once been one of the worlds four famous civilized cities and into which

58、 an investigation is going to be made; of what developmental trends were built into it, as it were, from the very outset; and of how these trends have made what it is today in its architectural style.翻译英语长句的步骤分析翻译英语长句的步骤分析-前提与原则前提与原则 英译汉长句之间的转换在于分清原文的句子结构和所表英译汉长句之间的转换在于分清原文的句子结构和所表达的概念、关系与功能。根据具体的分析

59、结果，结合汉语表达的概念、关系与功能。根据具体的分析结果，结合汉语表达的句式、关键连词与合理的逻辑顺序，通过一定的翻译技达的句式、关键连词与合理的逻辑顺序，通过一定的翻译技巧将原文译出。巧将原文译出。分清主次：重点在于找准简单句的分清主次：重点在于找准简单句的主干、主干、 并列句的侧重点并列句的侧重点及复合句的关系性质。及复合句的关系性质。把握语态：将英语被动句译成汉把握语态：将英语被动句译成汉语被动句。语被动句。遵循英语长句翻译的两个分析原则遵循英语长句翻译的两个分析原则:翻译英语长句的步骤安排翻译英语长句的步骤安排1. 紧缩主干紧缩主干 2. 区分主从区分主从 3. 辨析词义辨析词义4.

60、分清层次分清层次 5. 调整搭配调整搭配 6. 润饰选词润饰选词 以下介绍几种常见的翻译技巧，但是由于翻译长以下介绍几种常见的翻译技巧，但是由于翻译长句是一种难度较高的综合技能，因此在实际翻译过程句是一种难度较高的综合技能，因此在实际翻译过程中，往往几种方式同时使用。中，往往几种方式同时使用。1. 顺译分段法顺译分段法 2. 拆译法拆译法 3. 倒置法倒置法 4. 插入法插入法 5. 重组法重组法 在以后的单元里将对这几种方法进行详细的介绍。在以后的单元里将对这几种方法进行详细的介绍。 写作实践写作实践例文例文: How College Students Spend Their Leisure