2022年黑龙江生物科技职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年黑龙江生物科技职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【2010.04】The student _ described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A、artificially B、vividly C、critically D、viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的山河。第2题【单选题】【2009.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、und

2、ergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考查形近动词词义。A 经历，经受；B 了解；C 成为的基础；D 承担，保证。 第3题【单选题】This is _ good reading habits are not only an important study skill for the student, but also an important life skill for anyone. A、that B、why C、where D、when【正确答案】B【答案

3、解析】本题考查词义辨析。分析句意，空格处用why比较好。why引导表语从句。第4题【单选题】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数据处于安全状态。【详细解答】A 使确信，使有信心；B 确保（某事）发生，担保；C 为投保，给保险；D 安全的，没有危险的第5题【单选题】【填句补文】 Although the resea

4、rchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to

5、 the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第6题【单选题】【2008.04】The cloth had a natural look which perfectly _ the image L

6、aura sought. A、turned out B、set down C、thought over D、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样式完全相符。A. 关闭； B.制定、放下； D. 与相同、与相符。第7题【单选题】【阅读选择】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone num

7、bers. What can we learn about Tom? A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first. B、It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl. C、Tom was blind. D、Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfied with each other可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就留下

8、了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted，远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提及。第8题【单选题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire t

9、rucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故选A。第9题【单选题】【2009.01】He insured his car_he had an accident. A、unless B、if C、since D、

10、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一遇到交通事故。A否则，要不然；B 如果；C 自从，由于；D 以防万一，以免。 第10题【单选题】【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of clim

11、ate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists t

12、rack a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week

13、to gather data and send it in.In “All thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word “one” stands for ? A、a citizen journalist B、a citizen scientist C、a scientist D、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one 不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第11题【单选题】【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be d

14、eveloped by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because _. A、resources on land are running short in ten yea

15、rs B、man can use it to explore the deeper sea C、it is a lot of fun diving into the sea D、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive，人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。段末说到：Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copp

16、er and so on exist on the ocean floor. 然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三项都没有提到。第12题【单选题】【2010.04】What her grandfather said left a _ impression on her mind. She still remembers it. A、final B、vague C、deep D、main【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：她爷爷说的事情给她留下深刻的印象，她仍然还记得。本题考查词汇。形容词意义区分题。final 最终的，vague 模糊的，deep 深的，main 主要的。第1

17、3题【单选题】I promise I will remember _ the book to you. A、return B、to return C、returning D、returned【正确答案】B【答案解析】根据I promise可知这件事情还没有做，所以用remember to do。这句话的意思是：我保证我会记得还书给你。第14题【单选题】【阅读选择】Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help,

18、 too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people_. A、lose weight B、become happier C、concentrate better D、look younger【正确答案】C【答案解析】同义词替换有题干替换、选项替换。第15题【单选题】【2009.10】Poor speaker o

19、f English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself _. A、understand B、understood C、understanding D、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第16题【单选题】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the

20、 proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions B、Account

21、ing for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions C、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older Eruptions D、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句话是说：Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes；Wignall 计算了这些火山的“灭绝效率”；其中killing efficiency与killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转换，因此选择B或C，但是account for 意思是：（

22、在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B。第17题【单选题】【阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(抛弃) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900,

23、 Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system measuring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to

24、new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了转化，最高级代替了比较级。第18题【单选题】【2010.04】Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five _ stages. A、

25、moderate B、initial C、distinct D、advanced【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试题分析】本题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第19题【单选题】【阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21

26、 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of d

27、ying out. C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是正确的答案。第20题【单选题】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will

28、 be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没有决定。详细解答：A 什么；B 哪一个；C 什么时候；D （无词义）。第21题【单选题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: _. For example, when there

29、 is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）, and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program. A、Some par

30、ents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values. B、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions. C、Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests

31、 in reading and math. D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第22题【单选题】【2008.04】The cloth had a natural look which perfectly _ the image Laura sought. A、turned out B、set down C、thought over D、coincided with

32、【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样式完全相符。A. 关闭； B.制定、放下； D. 与相同、与相符。第23题【单选题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually form

33、ing a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end“夏天结束的时候”实际上

34、就是When autumn comes“秋天来临的时候”。答案选择B。第24题【单选题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the Un

35、ited States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、

36、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。第25题【单选题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: T

37、he River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一个小村庄，就说明了River Wensum流经 Norwich。第26题【单选题】【阅读选择】It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and

38、 working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to ch

39、ange to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.In the last sentence of the paragraph, “another” means_. A、another routine B、another shift C、another week D、another person【正确答案】A【答案解析】another（另一个）之后省略了routine 一词。第27题【单选题】【2010.04】There is something wro

40、ng with my mobile phone. I must have it _. A、repair B、to repair C、repairing D、repaired【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作宾语补语，表示被动以及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第28题【单选题】The factory _ well visit next week is not far from here. A、where B、to which C、which D、in which【正确答案】C【答案解析】which是关系代词，在从句中作宾语.其他几个

41、答案都不能作宾语.第29题【单选题】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirmed D、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第30题【单选题】【填句补文】The acid rain（酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil w

42、ells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced. _. A、The problem, however, is not just a Euro

43、pean one. B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already. C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people. D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrial

44、ized countries in Europe.【正确答案】C【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第31题【单选题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor

45、 of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks，then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obviousIntelligence tests could be used for stream

46、ing children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary educationIt was once believed _, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence

47、. A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligent B、taught to be more intelligent C、that intelligence was something a baby was born with D、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】C【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是“人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她

48、在将来是否会取得成功。第32题【单选题】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他们就会很快痊愈。A 营养，滋养；B 填满，塞满； C 驯服（猛兽）；D 冒险第33题【单选题】【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m.

49、 today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令，这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式，should 可以省略。第34题【单选题】【阅读选择】But Ellen really became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Ve

50、ndee Globe round the world solo race(单人环球帆船比赛), which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she returned.In the Vendee Globe race, Ellen won _. A、a gold medal B、The “Best Woman Sailor” award C、The “Young Sa

51、ilor of the Year” award D、the second place【正确答案】D【答案解析】细节查找题答案特点：答案一般在原文有共同或相似关键词。第35题【单选题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such

52、 as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of _. A、industrially polluted soils B、the element of iodine

53、C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases，可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和lack of表达同样的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第36题【单选题】Nobody but you _ what he said. A、agrees with B、agrees out C、

54、agree with D、agree to【正确答案】A【答案解析】主语为nobody时，谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but, as well as, with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。该题易误选C、D，选D的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to时之后应加具体项目。而选择C就在于误把you作为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。第37题【单选题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the Universi

55、ty of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to

56、explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对学生们有好处”。第38题【单选题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of l

57、ife. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between

58、 privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is _. A、Two Major Changed View of Intelligence B、Many of the differences in measured intelligence C、Main Results of

59、Recent Researches D、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项C中的Main Results只不过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第39题【单选题】【2007.04】The volleyball match was televised _ on CCTV. A、alive B、life C、live D、lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查live的

60、形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播地。符合句意。 第40题【单选题】【概括大意】Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients （滋养） to travel to all our orga