北京市东城区2022届高三英语查漏补缺试卷【含答案】

1、北京市东城区2022届高三查漏补缺英语试卷英 语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It Only Takes OneI was that girl you would see alone. Id sit alone on the bus, at a table in the lunchroom and the library. I loved reading, but I knew it was my _1_, a way to loo

2、k busy and not like I was being alone. I didnt want to appear as though I had no _2_ which was basically true. One morning, as usual, when getting on a bus, I got out my _3_ and put my head down. Then, I heard someone ask if I minded her sitting next to me. I _4_, and there stood a girl I didnt know

3、. She looked nervous as she introduced herself. Her name was Jane. She was new to the neighborhood, and this was her first day at school. That day at lunch, when she _5_ me in the lunchroom, she hurried over and sat down. In the following weeks, it wasnt just Jane who looked to see if she could sit

4、next to meI looked for her, too. Little by little, we began to talk about school and other things and,_6_, ourselves. We soon became best friends.Isnt it amazing how overnight your life can _7_? I feel so different now. It only _8_ one other person to make you feel as though you are no longer _9_.I

5、no longer hide behind booksalthough I am still an enthusiastic reader. Jane also loves books, so we go to the library together, check out books, and _10_back and forth when we finish reading them. Then we take them back to the library and check out new ones. Amazing! Just one other person makes you

6、feel like you are really important.1. A. hobbyB. coverC. taskD. chance2. A. goalsB. interestsC. choicesD. friends3. A. bagB. coatC. bookD. phone4 A. looked upB. looked downC. looked backD. looked ahead5. A. seizedB. supportedC. spottedD. sought6. A. obviouslyB. fortunatelyC. literallyD. eventually7.

7、 A. formB. changeC. continueD. start8. A. takesB. hasC. wantsD. meets9. A. upsetB. quietC. nervousD. alone10. A. tradeB. deliverC. explainD. argue【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. D第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Zhang Gui

8、mei has committed her life to improving girls education in a remote, mountainous region in Yunnan Province by _11_ (start) Chinas first free high school for female students. Her story has moved millions of Chinese people and is now written into a newly _12_ (publish)bookBrief History of the Peoples

9、Republic of China.It described her _13_ a moral model who uses love and wisdom to help thousands of rural _14_ (girl) realize their dreams.【答案】11. starting 12. published 13. as 14. girlsB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。An eight-year-old girl in Texas has designed a pop-

10、up classroom to help poor children. Paisley Elliott came up with the idea after she heard that a school she had helped to build in Greece _15_ (destroy) by fire. Elliott considers herself a person _16_ tries to improve peoples lives and reduce suffering. Now, she _17_ (raise) money to take her pop-u

11、p classroom to Uganda, in Africa.【答案】15. was destroyed 16. who 17. is raisingC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Feelings are _18_ people experience emotions. They can include anger, sadness, worry, loneliness and shame, as well as surprise, happiness, courage and hope, am

12、ong many others. Feelings are sometimes labeled as good or bad. But that isnt helpful. All feelings are there to be felt. Some can be more _19_ (comfort) and annoying than others. Its natural _20_ (experience) different emotionsand that includes emotions that might not feel nice.【答案】18. how 19. comf

13、ortable 20. to experience第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASide hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires. Take class notesOne side hustle for college students involv

14、es taking notes in class and selling them.Three sites StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. Each has its own pay formula. But you usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a

15、payment for each set of notes that sell. Students say they can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Because this job requires taking great class notes, youre likely to do better in school.Become a tutorMany younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learni

16、ng. That opens an opportunity for those who have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person.Some of the best: Wyzant Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music

17、, LessonFace.Be a survey takerThe best option in this category is a site called Prolific, which helps researchers find pre-screened survey participants. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions age, income, family status, etc. in advance. Then, the sit

18、e sends you only the surveys that youre qualified to take. Youre given an estimate of the time it will require to take each survey and how much it pays. You decide whether its worth your time.Charge scootersBig campuses are often littered with electric scooters and bikes that can be unlocked and rid

19、den around campus. Riders can drop the scooters just about anywhere. So scooter companies, such as Bird and Lime, enlist “chargers” and “juicers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated area early the next morning.If you have a late class, there are two benefits to sig

20、ning up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isnt a bad way to get back to your dorm.21. Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes?A. Prolific.B. LessonFace.C. Wyzant.D.

21、StudySoup.22. What may make Charge scooters attractive?A. It pays riders for charging scooters.B. It provides more benefits for students.C. It offers a means of free transportation.D. It helps solve litter problem on campus.23. The passage mainly introduces _.A. methods to do better in schoolB. job

22、options for college studentsC. after-class activities for studentsD. ways to meet a full class schedule【答案】21. D 22. A 23. BBThere is a connection I feel with horses that is unlike anything I have ever experienced. They can be frightening because of their size, speed and unpredictability, but they a

23、lso force you to be calm. I think that was the smartest thing my first riding teacher taught me when I was seven: if youre calm, they will be calm. I have never owned a horse, but for a year I got to take care of a pony, Baronet, that I had found abandoned when I was 11. I had moved to England for t

24、he second time in my short life. This period was filled with anxiety and instability and there were a lot of unaccompanied moments. I saw him one day while I was out walking in the woods. He was staring at me from where he stood, wild and dirty. I just went to him and he came to me. I found the farm

25、er who owned him, who said he was a lost cause: “Too difficult,” he said. When I asked if I could care for him, he didnt hesitate: “Sure, take him.”He wasnt trained. He was stubborn and picky and angry. He had been labelled “difficult” just as I was labelled “Sunshine Girl”. Its not a good thing to

26、be labelled. “Sunshine Girl” made me feel like I couldnt complain. I didnt want to make anyone unhappy. I always felt I had to go with the flow. Baronet saved me that year. He gave my life a sense of purpose and meaning. I would wake up early and walk two miles to the barn to feed him and try to tra

27、in him, and the moment I came home from school I would run back to the barn to spend time with him.Looking back, I see Baronet as a wonder. In some magical way I found Baronet when I needed him most and, as sad as I was to leave him at the end of the year, when we moved yet again, I saw the progress

28、 we had made together. Seeing that I could make a difference was a huge awakening for me as a child.24. How did the writer probably feel when moving to England?A. Worried.B. Surprised.C. Puzzled.D. Excited.25. What did the farmer probably mean by saying “he was a lost cause”?A. Baronet was always al

29、one.B. Baronet could easily get lost.C. Baronet could hardly survive.D. Baronet was hard to deal with.26. How did Baronet influence the writer?A. It taught her not to complain.B. It inspired her to be easygoing.C. It helped her to get over loneliness.D. It encouraged her to accept her label.【答案】24.

30、C 25. D 26. CCbroccoliWhen served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Dont blame thema new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth

31、. The same enzymes are also locked away in the cells of Brassica vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower. When we chew broccoli, these enzymes spill out of their storage containers while those in our mouth start to work.These enzymes break down a compound(化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (

32、SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules(分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a persons saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste t

33、o adults. According to these past studies, when different adults consume broccoli, there can be a huge difference in how many unpleasant smells the food lets off as their saliva-borne enzymes break it to bits. But the authors wondered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, who are usually

34、more sensitive to bitter and sour tastes. They suspected that kids whose saliva produced the most smelly, SMCSO-sourced compounds would show the strongest dislike for broccoli. And the teams new study proved their assumption. While both adults and kids saliva produced smelly compounds when exposed t

35、o cauliflower, these smells did not influence whether adults liked the vegetable. On the other hand, kids whose saliva produced high concentrations of these smells reported hating cauliflower the most.The new study included 98 pairs of parents and children aged 6 to 8. After taking samples of each p

36、articipants saliva, the scientists mixed it into raw cauliflower powder. They measured the SMCSO-sourced smell compounds let off and found each participants saliva generated a different quantity of smells. Interestingly, the degree of sickly smell production was similar between parents saliva and th

37、eir childrens. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar bacteria in their mouths, which would cause them to produce similar levels of cysteine lyases. Our senses of taste and smell are strongest in youth, which may make kids even more sensitive to these differences in flavor. The sa

38、me preference pattern is not seen in adults, who also produce plenty of bad smells. This suggests that the adults came to tolerate the taste of Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eati

39、ng it more.27. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The function of mouth bacteria.B. The cause of an unpleasant flavor.C. The feature of Brassica vegetables.D. The form of enzymes in our mouth.28. What do previous studies indicate?A. SMCSO-breakdown depends on various enzymes.B. Enzyme

40、s determine the taste of Brassica vegetables.C. Individuals release varying amounts of smell molecules.D. Kids producing the most smells hate broccoli particularly.29. What can we conclude from the passage?A. We might accept some foods through repeated exposure.B. The level of smells may affect an a

41、dults taste preference.C. Parents and their kids saliva-borne enzymes dont match.D. Kids saliva could produce higher concentrations of smells.30. Why does the author write the passage?A. To explain a food preference.B. To introduce a research method.C. To illustrate a biological process.D. To show t

42、he discovery of an enzyme.【答案】27. B 28. B 29. A 30. DDIt is a general belief among academics that the humanities are in crisis. According to Harvard historian James Hankins, part of the problem is the dominance of “critical” reading over “primary” reading. Primary reading takes a text at face value

43、and simply tries to understand what the author intended to say. Critical reading assumes an authors statements can never be taken at face value. Instead, they must be “seen through” to expose the texts real meaning, which is determined in accord with this or that fashionable theory.Mr. Hankins says

44、primary reading “must be recovered” for higher education in the humanities to be effective. I would go further. Primary reading isnt important only for the humanities, or even for education more generally. The restoration of primary reading could be a crucial weapon in fighting the “idle talk” that

45、troubles American society.Idle talk was philosopher Martin Heideggers term for inauthentic discourse(不可信的言辞). It involves adopting and circulating others opinions about something without ever personally engaging that thing for yourself. People engaged in idle talk speak in accord with expectations f

46、or their particular identity or role. They hold and express the opinions a person in their role is expected to hold. Idle talk can be harmless. Each year my mother forms strong opinions about which films should win Academy Awards without seeing any of them, after reading articles by critics she favo

47、rs. But idle talk can also be dangerous. Consider journalism. The norm nowadays is for one reporter to break a story, followed by dozens or hundreds of journalists recycling that content. They may add a little spin of their own but rarely look into the issue for themselveseven when this would requir

48、e but a few clicks and a couple of minutes to read a legislative(法律的) text. Some journalists even just search social media for the story of the day and rewrite it in their own words.The Covid pandemic highlighted the problem, from exclusion of those daring to discuss the tradeoffs of lockdowns to th

49、e promotion of masks as a political identity marker completely disconnected from medical or scientific justification. Not to mention the misleading statement that arose over “the science” and the social trend to “follow” it.Social media has contributed to the spread of idle talk. Authentic discourse

50、 requires time, effort and good-faith engagement, but social media tends to encourage the opposite. As journalists comment on every topic, however small or traditionally unnewsworthy, the all-knowing chorus of global gossip becomes a roaring crowd. Social media raises this voice, pushing it into use

51、r feeds 24/7. We hear about everything, and we cant hear about anything without also being told what opinion we should have about it. Opinions before facts; know what to think about something before actually looking into it for yourself. And really, why even bother with that?Primary reading isnt onl

52、y something the humanities need. Our entire culture needs its value to be recognized and restored.31. What do we know from the first two paragraphs?A. Primary reading focuses on the deep meaning.B. Critical reading leads to the crisis in humanities.C. Critical reading is generally preferred nowadays

53、.D Primary reading once dominated higher education.32. What does the underlined word “spin” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Practice.B. Priority.C. Investigation.D. Interpretation.33. What does the author think of idle talk?A. It broadens peoples understanding.B. It affects independent thinking abil

54、ity.C. It shakes peoples trust in news report.D. It promotes the advance of social media.34. What message does the author convey?A. Readers should stay away from idle talk.B. Readers should read original texts carefully.C. Readers should limit the impact of social media.D. Readers should take a bala

55、nced view on reading.【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We all want to make a great first impression, whether its meeting our new colleagues for the first time or getting to know people at a social event. _35_First days can be stressful: Not onl

56、y are you learning the ins and outs of your job role, but you are also learning the ropes about office culture, coworker personalities, and team interactions. _36_ Whether it comes naturally or not, try to show friendliness and openness to everyone with whom you cross paths. Make an effort to introd

57、uce yourself to those around you, especially those you will be working closely with on a daily basis. Be kind to those around you, and show a real interest in learning about your new work environment. _37_38_ What does that mean? Do not be scared by people who have worked at your company longergo ah

58、ead and volunteer for projects and do your best to show your boss and team members that you are not only responsible, but eager to show what you can do. If there are any after-work events, be sure to attend. Some people work in a casual office atmosphere, where rules are a bit laid back. But even if

59、 you suspect this might be the case for your new workplace, the first day on the job is not the time to fully embrace the slack(懈怠). _39_ That means keeping your cellphone on vibrate or silent and putting it away for the day. Avoid all personal calls and emails during work hours. And do not surf the

60、 internet for non-work-related tasks, even if you notice others doing so.As the newbie in the office, its ultimately your responsibility to learn the ropes about whats expected in terms of dress, office culture, etc. But on your very first day, do everything you can to show your boss and colleagues