圆明园全英介绍市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、Old Summer Palace第1页The Location of Old Summer PalaceIt is located 8 kilometres (5.0mi) northwest of the walls of theImperial City and was built in the 18th and early 19th century as the place where the emperors of theQing dynastyresided and handled government affairs (theForbidden City was used for

2、 formal ceremonies). 第2页The Old Summer Palace was known for its extensive collection of garden and building architectures and other works of art (a popular name in China was the Garden of Gardens,simplified Chinese:万园之园;traditional Chinese:萬園之園;pinyin:wn yun zh yun). 第3页The Imperial Gardens at the O

3、ld Summer Palace were made up of three gardens:Garden of Perfect Brightness proper (simplified Chinese:圆明园;traditional Chinese:圓明園;pinyin:Yunmng Yun)Garden of Eternal Spring (simplified Chinese:长春园;traditional Chinese:長春園;pinyin:Chngchn Yun)Elegant Spring Garden (simplified Chinese:绮春园;traditional C

4、hinese:綺春園;pinyin:Qchn Yun)第4页 Initial construction of the Old Summer Palace began in 1707 during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor . It was intended as a gift for the emperors fourth son, Prince Yong (the futureYongzheng Emperor), who would greatly expand the Imperial Gardens in 1725. The Yongzheng E

5、mperor also introduced the waterworks of the gardens, creating lakes, streams and ponds to complement the rolling hills and grounds, and named 28 scenic spots within the garden.Period IThe History of Old Summer Palace 第5页During theQianlong Emperors reign, the second expansion was well underway and t

6、he number of scenic spots increased to 50 (the emperor personally directed the construction process). The splendors of the palace and the grounds were depicted in theForty Views of the Yuanmingyuan, an album produced in 1744 by the Qianlong Emperors court painters.Period II第6页 The last European appe

7、arance in the Old Summer Palace in the context of traditional Chinese imperial foreign relations, was adiplomatic mission in 1795 representing the interests of the Dutch andDutch East India Company. The Titsingh delegation includedIsaac Titsingh,the Dutch-AmericanAndreas Everardus van Braam Houckgee

8、st,and the FrenchmanChrtien-Louis-Joseph de Guignes.Both published complementary accounts of the mission. Titsingh died before he could publish his version of the eventsPeriod III第7页Looting of the Old Summer Palace by Anglo-French forces in 1860 during theSecond Opium War.The process of invadingThe

9、Destruction of Old Summer Palace第8页In 1860, during theSecond Opium War, British and French expeditionary forces, having marched inland from the coast atTianjin (Tientsin), arrived inBeijing (Peking).第9页In mid-September, two envoys,Henry Loch andHarry Parks went ahead of the main force under a flag o

10、f truce to negotiate withPrince Yiand representatives of the Qing Empire atTongzhou (Tungchow).第10页On the night of 6 October, French units diverted from the main attack force towards the Old Summer Palace.第11页On October 18,Lord Elgin, the British High Commissioner to China, retaliated against the to

11、rture and executions by ordering the destruction of the Old Summer Palace.第12页AftermathIn 1873, the teenageTongzhi Emperorattempted to rebuild the Old Summer Palace, on the pretext of turning it into a place of retirement for his two former regents, the empress dowagersCianandCixi. However, the imperial court lacked the financial resources to rebuild the palace, and at the urging of the court, the emperor finally agreed to stop the project in 1874. During the 1880s, an adjacent imperial gard