计算机专业英语翻译

1、文档编码 : CM4F3L10Z10D10 HK3A5E1X4T8 ZA5O3W5Y2Q3运算机专业英语翻译部分 Data is a collection of un-organized facts, which can include words, numbers, images, and sounds. 数据是未经组织的事实的集合 ,数据可以包括单词 ,数字,图像和声音 . A computer consists of a variety of hardware components that work together with software to perform calculati

2、ons（运算） , organize data, and communicate with other computer. 运算机由很多硬件部件构成 ,这些硬件与软件一起工作 ,以便执行运算 ,组织数 据及与其他运算机通信的任务 . These hardware components include input devices, output devices, a system unit, storage devices, and communications devices. 硬件部件包括输入设备 ,输出设备 ,系统单元 ,储备设备和通信设备 . An input device allows

3、 a user to enter data and commands into the memory of a computer. 输入设备让用户向运算机储备器输入数据和命令 . Storage differs from memory ,whichcanholdthese items permanently永 久的 , whereas memory holdsthese memory holds items onlytemporarily暂 时的 ； 外储备器与内储备器不同 ,外储备器能永久储存数据而内储备器仅临时储存 . Four common storage devices are a f

4、loppy disk drive, a hard disk drive, a CD-ROM drive, and a DVD-ROM drive. 四种常用的外存设备分别是 :软盘驱动器 ,硬盘驱动器 ,CD-ROM 驱动器和 DVD-ROM 驱动器 . Television and data can be mixed on one cable. 宽带能用于多个方面； Broadband can be used in various ways. 双绞线的最一般的应用是电话系统； The most common application of the twisted pair is the tel

5、ephone. 假如现在我们看一下花费,我们能够得到类似的结论； If we now look at cost, we get a similar conclusion.最古老的且仍旧是最常用的传输介质是双绞线； The oldest and still most common transmission medium is twisted pair. 简洁的运算会使这点很清晰； A simple calculation will make this point clear. 路由器工作在网络层； Routers work at the network layer. 一种相关的会面服务是令牌治理

6、； A related session service is token management. 网络不全是专用的； Not all networks are private. 我们只是刚开头挖掘运算机网络的潜力； 第 1 页,共 7 页We have just begun to tap the potential of computer networks. 运算机不以连续波的形式储备数据； Computers don t store data as continuous waves. 在分时系统中,用户通过终端拜望运算机； On a time-shared system, users acc

7、ess a computer through terminals. 分析员的目标是确定用户需求什么； The analysts objective is determining what the user needs. 用户应当反复阅读和修改这份书面报告； The user should review and correct this written statement. 存取程序和存取数据之间有着一些差异； There are differences between accessing programs and accessing data. 最简洁的数据结构是列表； The simples

8、t data structure is a list. 检索数据的关键是记住数据存放在什么地方； The key to retrieving data is remembering where they are stored. 文件由全部的记录组成； The central processing unit CPU, sometimes referred to as the processor, interprets（说明） and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer. 中心处理器 CPU有时也称处理器 ,用来说明

9、并执行基本的运算机操作指令 In the system unit, a computer s memory stores data, instructions, and . information. 在系统单元中,运算机的储备器储备数据 ,指令和信息 . ROMRead-Only Memory is a memory chip that only can be read and used; that is , it cannot be modified修改 ； ROM 是一种只能读取 ,不能修改的储备器 . Four commonly used input devices are the ke

10、yboard, the mouse, a microphone, and a PC camera.四种常用的输入设备包括键盘 像头. ,鼠标,一个扩音器和一个摄 An optical scanner reads printed text and graphics and then translates the results into a form computer can use. 译成运算机能使用的形式 . 光学扫描仪读入印刷文本和图形 ,然后将其翻 第 2 页,共 7 页Resolution typically is measured in dots per inch dpi, and

11、is stated as the number of columns and rows of dots. 辨论率通常是由每英寸的像点数来衡量 并以行数与列数说明 . , Output is data that has been processed into useful form called information. That is, a computer processes input into output. 经处理而成为有用的信息形式的数据就是输出 为输出 . .运算机将输入进行处理而成 To store such sounds, a computer converts the sou

12、nds from a continuous analog signal into a digital format. 为了储备声音,运算机将其从模拟信号转换成数 字格式 . An output deviceisanycomputercomponentcapable of conveyin（g传送） information to a user. 输出设备是能传送信息给用户的运算机部件 . Display devices include CRT monitors, flat-panel displays. 显示设备有 CRT 显示器 ,平板显示仪 . Color monitors are used

13、 widely with all types of computers because most of today s software is designed to display information in color. 由于目前大多数软件能显示彩色信息, 算机中； 彩色显示器被广泛用于全部类型的计 Each dot, called a pixel, is a single point in an electronic image. 每个颗粒,称作像素,是一个图片的单个点； This cycle of input, process, output, and storage is call

14、ed the information processing cycle . 输入,处理,输出,和储备的这种循环成之为信息处理循环； The quality of a monitor s display depends largely on its resolution, dot pitch, and refresh rate. 显示器的显示质量很大程度上取决于它的辨论率点距 和刷新率； When the computer is first turned on, main memory is empty. 拜望磁盘是从查找时间开头的； Accessing disk begins with see

15、k time. 最新的帮忙储备介质之一是激光视盘； One of the newest secondary storage media is video disk. 运算机是把数据处理成信息的机器； A computer is a machine that processes data into information. 光标的位置确定屏幕上的一个点； The cursors position defines a point on the screen. 大多数微机的打印机一次只能打印一个字符； 第 3 页,共 7 页Most microcomputer printers print one

16、character at a time. 数据流入机器称为输入； Data flow into the machine as input. 主存中的内容简洁转变； Main memorys contents are easy to change. 软件是程序的常用术语； Software is a general term for programs. 构成现代运算机的基本器件是芯片； The basic building block of a modern computer is a chip. 光纤能够以三种不同的方式联接； Fiber can be connected in three d

17、ifferent ways. 电话使得距离遥远的人们能通话； Telephone enables people who are long distance away to speak to each other. 每一个物理储备单元都被支配一个唯独的地址； Each physical storage unit is assigned a unique address. 数据在处理器和主存之间一次只能传送一个字节或一个字； An 8-bit video card uses 8 bits to store information about each pixel, and thus candisp

18、lay 256 different colors. 一个 8 位视频卡对于每一个像素用 的颜色； 8 个位储备信息, 因而能显示 256 种不同 Three commonly used types of nonimpact printers are ink-jet printers, laser printers, and thermal printer. 三种常用的非击打式打印机是喷墨打印机,激光 打印机和热敏打印机； An ink-jet printer is a type of nonimpact printer that forms characters and graphics by

19、 spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto piece of paper. 喷墨打印机 是一种非击打式打印机, 通过向纸上喷洒微小的液体油墨滴而形成字符和图 形； Software is the series of instruction that tells the hardware how to perform tasks. 软件是告知运算机硬件如何执行任务的一系列指令； A printer produces text and graphics on paper or other hardcopy medium. 打印机是在纸上或在其它硬拷贝介质上产生文

20、本和图形； Memory, which is composed of one or more chips on the motherboard, holds data and instructions while they are being processed by the CPU. 当执行一条处理指令时, CPU 需要一个地方来临时储存执行的指令和执行指 令所需的数据； 第 4 页,共 7 页A monitor, which looks like a television screen, is used to display text and graphics. 显示器看起来像一个电视屏幕

21、,常用来显示文本,图形； A storage medium is the physical materials on which items are kept. 储备介质是一种能使内容被储存的物质材料,通常使用的储备介质是磁盘； Storage devices can function as sources of input and output. 储备设备能作为输入和输出源使用； A storage device transfers data, instructions and information from memory to a storage mediuma process call

22、ed writingit functions as an output source.存 储设备从内存往储备介质中传输数据,指令和信息时,这个过程我们称之为 写,它的功能就是作为输出源； A storage device transfers data, instructions and information from a storage medium to memorya process called readingit functions as an input source. 储备设备每次从储备介质往内存中传输数据,指令和信息时,这个过程我们 称之为读,它的功能就是作为输入源； The

23、size of a storage device is measured by the number of bytes it can hold. 储备设备的大小是用它能容纳的字节的数目来衡量； The system unit is a box-like case made of metal or plastic that houses the computer electronic circuitry（电路） . 箱,内有运算机电子电路； 系统单元是一个盒状的金属或塑料 Two main components on the motherboard are the central process

24、ing unit CPU and memory. 在母板上有两个主要的部件：中心处理器和内储备器； Some computer components, such as the processor and memory resided the system unit; that is, they are internal. 驻在系统单元内； 有些运算机部件如处理器和内存,常 Communication describes a process in which one computer transfers data, instructions and information to another

25、computer. 通信是描述运算机之间传输数据,指令和信息的一个处理过程； E-mail is the exchange of text messages and computer files via a communications network. E-mail 通过通信网络来进行文本信息和运算机文化的交换； An important aspect of communications is channel, which is the communications path between two devices. 备之间的通信路径； 通信的一个重要方面就是通道, 是指两个通信设 A co

26、mmunications channel is composed of one or more transmission media. 一个信道是由一种或多种传输介质组成的； Broadcast radio is a wireless transmission medium that distributes radio signals through the air over long distances such as between cities, regions, and countries. 广播无线电是一种无线传输介质, 通过空气在一个长距离的范畴上传播无线 电信号,比如在两个城市

27、,地区和国家之间传播无线电信号； Microwaves are radio waves that provide high-speed signal transmission. 微波是一种供应高速信号传输的无线电波； Some types of communication media can transmit only one signal at a time, called baseband transmission, while others can transmit multiple signal at simultaneously（同时地） , called broadband tra

28、nsmission. 第 5 页,共 7 页这些介质中的有些类型只能一次传输一路信号,称之为基带传输,而其他类 型的就能同时传输多路信号,称之为宽带传输； A local area network is a network that connects computers in a limited geographical area. 局域网就是在有限的地理范畴内连接很多运算机的一个网络； System software consists of the programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices. 机及

29、其外设的操作； 系统软件由各种程序组成,这些程序把握对运算 An operating system is a set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all of the activities among computer hardware resources. 操作系统是各种程序的集合； 令； 这些程序中包含用于和谐运算机硬件资源的指 An operating system also contains instructions that allow you to run application software. 操作系

30、统也包含答应应用软件运行的指令； A user interface is the part of the software with which you interact. 用户界面是你用来和运算机互动的那部分软件； A computer also can hold data and information for future use in an area called storage. 一个电脑也称之为外部储备器,它在一个域上储存数据和信息以备后用； A database management system is a software program or set of programs

31、designed to control access to the database and manage the data resources efficiently 有效地 . 数据库治理系统是一个软件系统, 据资源； 用来有效地把握对数据库的拜望和治理数 Translation翻译 30 分 Translate the following sentences into Chinese将以下句子翻译成汉语；共 20 分 There are several applications called Web browsers that make it easy to access the Wor

32、ld Wide Web,two of the most popular being NetscapeNavigator and Mierosohs Internet Explorer SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true client server database system； During the last few years,it has been realized that maintenance of progr

33、ams is more expensive than developmen,tso reading of programs by humans is as important as writing them； Some applications,such as Word,allow for several windows in a special mode called MDI in which you can open multiple documents within the sameapplication Translate the following paragraph into Chinese 将下段文章翻译成汉语； 共 10 分第 6 页,共 7 页Over the last few decades there has been a tremendous growth in information technology and its impact on everyday life；Complex software syste