人教版中考复习-词性和句子成分专项讲解(32张)课件

1、词性及句子成分(上)Grammar focus主语 谓语 宾语 表语词性及句子成分(上)Grammar focus主语 谓语 宾一、词性 (parts of speech)1 名词 noun n. hand noon age 2 代词 pronoun pron. they them their3 形容词 adjective adj. above hard sad 4 副词 adverb adv. above hard sadly5 动词 verb v. speak stay hand6 数词 numeral num. one first ninth7 冠词 article art. a an

2、the 8 介词 preposition prep. above from for9 连词 conjunction conj. and so when10 感叹词 interjection int. oh ah wow实词虚词 词性 英文缩写 例子handhandaboveaboveabovehard hard 一、词性 (parts of speech)1 名词 nou句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的， 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。二、句子成分（members of the sentence）一二三常见的句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、补语、状语、同位语。主语英语句子的主体成

3、分为主语和谓语，其他为次要成分。主语谓语宾语表语定语补语状语同位语谓语句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的， 二、句子成分（memb主语的定义动作的发出者，执行动作的主体。 主语 subject主语一般位于_。句首主语的定义动作的发出者，执行动作的主体。 主语主语名词代词动名词不定式数词从句It 形式主语充当主语的成分主语名词代词动名词不定式数词从句It 形式主语充当主语的成分充当主语的成分I have a dream.我有一个梦想。 Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳。Seven is my lucky number.七是我的幸运数字。 名词 代词 数词充当主语的成分I have a

4、dream. Walls h充当主语的成分Swimming can make you healthy.游泳有益于健康。 动名词Talking is easier than doing.说起来容易做起来难。充当主语的成分Swimming can make you h充当主语的成分 不定式To clean the window is your duty.擦窗户是你的任务。To stay up too late is bad for you.熬夜对你身体不好。It is your duty to clean the window.It is bad for you to stay up too la

5、te. it 形式主语充当主语的成分 不定式To clean the1. The sun rises in the east. （ ） 2. He likes dancing. （ ）3. Two will be enough.( ) 4. Seeing is believing. （ ） 5. To see is to believe. （ ） 6. It is important to learn a foreign language. （ ）名词代词数词动名词不定式It作形式主语，to do 不定式是真正的主语用“=”划出以下句子的主语，分析什么做了主语并写在括号内。1. The sun

6、 rises in the east. （ ） 2. He likes dancing. （ ）3. Two will be enough.( ) 4. Seeing is believing. （ ） 5. To see is to believe. （ ） 6. It is important to learn a foreign language. （ ）练习1分钟1. The sun rises in the east. 谓语的定义 谓语 predicate谓语一般位于主语_。之后表达主语的动作、状态。 I have a best friend. Her name is Jenny.

7、We always look after each other. But she doesnt like talking too much. She can keep quiet for a whole day. 谓语有人称和数的变化，也可以表达时态和语态。常见情态动词：can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would，must 单个实义动词系动词动词短语助动词+动词原型情态动词+动词原型常见助动词：be， have/has， do/does， did，will谓语的定义 谓语 predicate谓语一例句 Action speaks lou

8、der than words. (第三人称单数) 百说不如一干。 She went shopping yesterday afternoon.（过去式） 她昨天下午去购物了。 Rice is grown in south China. （被动语态） 华南种植水稻。谓语例句 Action speaks louder th用“_”划出以下句子的谓语动词，分析什么做了谓语并写在括号内。She loves English. ( ) He can speak Chinese. ( )c. They are tired. ( ) d. He looks happy. ( )e. We didnt fini

9、sh homework yesterday. ( )She loves English. ( ) He can speak Chinese. ( )c. They are tired. ( ) d. He looks happy. ( )e. We didnt finish homework yesterday. ( )实义动词情态动词+动词原型系动词系动词助动词+动词原型练习1分钟用“_”划出以下句子的谓语动词，分析什么做了谓语并写你能找出错误的谓语并且改正吗？He go to school by bike every day. ( ) I am listen to music now. (

10、 )c. They take classes online yesterday. ( ) d. The cake taste good. ( )e.She will comes back soon. ( )f. We should to help each other.( )goeslisteningtooktastescome火眼金睛should helpHe go to school by bike every day. ( ) I am listen to music now. ( )c. They take classes online yesterday. ( ) d. The ca

11、ke taste good. ( )e.She will comes back soon. ( )f. We should to help each other.( )We should help each other.We should help each other.主谓？each other1分钟你能找出错误的谓语并且改正吗？He go to school宾语的定义宾语是动作的承受者。 宾语 object一般位于谓语动词（尤指及物动词）_。之后 类型直接宾语：被动作直接作用， He gave me a hug.间接宾语： 被动词间接影响， He gave me a hug.介词宾语： 被

12、介词引导的宾语， I am waiting for you.宾语的定义宾语是动作的承受者。 宾语 宾语名词代词动名词不定式疑问词+不定式从句名词性短语充当宾语的成分宾语名词代词动名词不定式疑问词+不定式从句名词性短语充当宾语充当宾语的成分I like Beijing roast duck.我喜欢北京烤鸭。Love me , love my dog.爱屋及乌。 例句I want to leave.我想离开。 I dont know what to do next.我不知道接下来做什么。1234.代词/名词名词性短语不定式疑问词+不定式充当宾语的成分I like Beijing roast du充

13、当宾语的成分We believe that success comes from hard work.我们相信成功来自勤奋。I like teaching English.我喜欢教英语。 例句I find it difficult to get along with her.我发现她这个人不好相处。 567.动名词从句it 作形式宾语充当宾语的成分We believe that success1.She wrote five letters.( )2. We often help him. ( )3. We enjoy listening to the music.( )4. He began

14、 to learn English a year ago. ( )5. Did you write down what she said? ( )6. The new teacher makes it possible to learn English easily for students. ( )1.She wrote five letters.( )2. We often help him. ( )3. We enjoy listening to the music.( )4. He began to learn English a year ago. ( )5. Did you wri

15、te down what she said? ( )6. The new teacher makes it possible to learn English easily for students. ( )名词性短语代词动名词不定式从句it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语用划出句子的宾语，分析什么做了宾语并写在括号内。练习I want to make it possible for you to learn English easily.Because I am an English teacher, too!主系an English teacher？表1分钟1.She wrote five

16、letters.( 表语的定义表述主语的情况。 表语 predicative表语一般位于系动词_。之后表语的定义表述主语的情况。 表语 pred系动词有哪些呢？1）be动词：_2）感官类: _3）变化类: _4）延续类: _系动词有哪些呢？1）be动词：_系动词的分类I am a teacher.He is a student.We are excited. be 动词am is are系动词的分类I am a teacher. b系动词的分类The wool feels soft.这种羊毛摸上去很柔软。“Stink Tofu” smells awful, but tastes good.臭豆

17、腐闻上去臭，但是吃起来香。 表感官feel smell tastesound look系动词的分类The wool feels soft. 系动词的分类If it turns cold, cover the pot plants.如果天气变凉，就把盆栽盖起来。 表变化Food goes bad quickly when it is hot.天气一热，食物就很快变质。get grow becometurn go系动词的分类If it turns cold, cover 系动词的分类keep/ stay healthy保持健康remain silent保持沉默 表延续 keep stay rema

18、in系动词的分类keep/ stay healthy 表语形容词副词名词不定式介词短语代词从句充当表语的成分表语形容词副词名词介词短语代词从句充当表语的成分充当表语的成分The creaking of the door sounds loud at night.晚上，门的嘎吱声听起来很响。 He became a doctor after he left high school. 高中毕业他当上了医生。 例句The rubber tires are over there.橡胶轮胎在那边。.名词形容词.副词充当表语的成分The creaking of the doo充当表语的成分 例句All I

19、 could do is to wait.我们能做的只有等待。.代词不定式.Openthedoor.Its me. 开门，是我。充当表语的成分 例句All I could dMy father is a professor. （ ）Whos that? Its me. （ ）Everything here is wonderful. ( )The story of my life may be of help to others. ( ) His plan is to seek work in the city. ( )My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( ) My father is a professor. Whos that? Its me. Everything here is wonderful. The story of my life may be of help to others. H