考研考博-英语-天津城市建设管理职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津城市建设管理职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

TheNigerPresidenthadcauseduneaseintheWestAfricancountryfollowinghisfailuretoorganizeelectionswhenhis（）elapsed.

问题1选项

A.tenancy

B.tension

C.territory

D.tenure

【答案】D

【解析】名词词汇辨析。tenancy“租用，租赁，租赁期”；tension“紧张局势”；territory“领地，领土”；tenure“任期”。句意：尼日尔总统任期结束后未能组织选举，在这个西非国家引起了不安。选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow,butatfirstIthoughtthathe（）today.

问题1选项

A.wascoming

B.iscoming

C.willcome

D.come

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词时态辨析。题干中的第一个分句用的是现在将来时态，第二个分句的主句用的是一般过去时态，宾语从句中应该使用表示过去将来的时态。根据语法规则，某些动词（如come，arrive，leave等）的进行时态可以表示将来。句意：我父亲明天会来，但起初我以为他今天会来。因此，根据题意和语法规则，A选项正确。

3.单选题

Johnwasonthe（）ofhiscareerandheworkedhardatthattime.

问题1选项

A.space

B.border

C.margin

D.threshold

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项space“空间”；B选项border“边境；边界”；C选项margin“边缘；利润；页边的空白”；D选项threshold“入口；开始”。句意：约翰刚……他的职业生涯，那时候他工作很努力。每个人在从事第一份工作的时候都信心满满，干劲十足。根据后面的关键信息heworkedhardatthattime“那时的他很努力的工作”，由此可知那时候是他职业生涯的开始。onthethresholdof“在……的开端”。因此D选项符合题意。

4.翻译题

Incontrasttothescienceofclassicalantiquity,modernscienceisbasicallyunfinishedwhereasancientsciencehadtheappearanceofsomethingcompletedtowhichthenotionofprogresswasnotessential.Modernscienceprogressesintotheinfinite.Modernsciencehasrealizedthatafinishedandtotalworld-viewisscientificallyimpossible.Onlywhenscientificcriticismiscrippledbymakingparticularsabsolutecanaclosedviewoftheworldpretendtoscientificvalidity—andthenitisafalsevalidity.Thosegreatnewunifiedsystemsofknowledge—suchasmodernphysics—havegrownupinthescientifictimesonlywithsingleaspectsofreality.Andreality,asawhole,hasbeenfragmentedasneverbefore;whencetheopennessofthemodernworldiscontrasttotheclosedGreekcosmos.

【答案】和古典时代的科学相比，现代科学基本上是未完成状态，然而古老科学有完成某样东西的表象，而且进步的概念对此非常重要。现代科学进入无限境地。现代科学已经知道，完美无缺的世界观在科学上是不可能的。只有当科学批评因为细节变成绝对而被削弱的时候，僵化自守的世界观才会妄称科学有效性一一然后，这个有效性也是虚假的。那些科学时代中伟大且新统一的知识体系一一比如现代物理——只在现实生活的某方面已经逐渐发展。整体来看，现实已经前所未有的支离破碎。于此，现代世界的开放性与封闭自守的希腊世界形成鲜明对比。

5.单选题

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsapprisedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwriting,anddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Themanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyearaswellasnewwaysofreportingpupils’progress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematicsandatthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionsforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededisamorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatarechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.

Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedintheabovepassageisthat（）.

2.Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat（）.

3.Amethodofparent-teachercommunicationNotmentionedorreferredtobytheauthoris（）.

4.Itismostreasonabletoinferthattheauthorisa(n)（）.

5.Theauthorwouldmostapproveofwhichofthefollowingparentalactivitiestoassistinthelearningofcompositionandwritingskills?

问题1选项

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents.

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool.

C.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives.

D.parentshavearesponsibilitytohelpstudentstodotheirhomework.

问题2选项

A.parentsdrilltheirchildrentoomuchinarithmetic.

B.thereisnotsufficientindividualinstructionintheclassroom.

C.principalshaveexplainedthenewartprogramstoparents.

D.aparent’smisguidedeffortscanberedirectedtoproperchannels.

问题3选项

A.demonstrationlesson

B.informalteas

C.classesforparents

D.newprogressreportforms

问题4选项

A.professorofeducation

B.collegeteacher

C.elementary-schoolteacher

D.parent

问题5选项

A.onehourofsupervisedwritingexercisesnightly.

B.encouragingthechildtowriteletterstorelatives.

C.reviewingallthechild’swrittenschool-work.

D.givingthechildmoneyforgoodgradesonwrittenwork.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨题。根据文章第一段，“Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.”，可知不管我们认为学校生活有多重要，孩子们呆在家里的时间比呆在教室里的时间多这一事实是不容否认的。因此，父母的巨大影响不能被老师忽视或轻视。们可以成为学校工作人员的盟友，也可以有意无意地阻碍课程目标。可判断出老师和家长之间是合作的关系，并且能够共同对学校的教育安排构成影响，所以教师可以也应该帮助家长理解和推进学校的目标。选项B符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章倒数第二段，“asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatarechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.”，可知教师作为一名专业顾问，在父母的头脑中植入更多的方法，以便最好地利用孩子在课堂之外的时间。上文也通过多个例子说明了老师可以引导家长更好的发挥他们的辅导作用，合力促进学生的全面发展。可推断出父母错误的努力可以在老师的指导下，转向正确的方向。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据第二段，“Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshops”，选项C可排除；根据文章第三段，“newwaysofreportingpupils’progress”，选项D可排除；根据文章第二段，“Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsapprisedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.”，选项B可排除。选项A符合题意。

4.推断题。文章主要提到了学校可以辅导家长，使家长了解学校的教学方法和教学计划，然后促进学校教学目标的实现。家长也是教育不可忽视的一环，只有学校和家长共同努力才能促进青少年的全面发展。可知文章主要提到的是教育学的内容，可推断出作者最有可能是一位教育学教授。选项A符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章第四段，“HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.”，可知如果一名家长想提高孩子的算术能力，他可能会被说服让孩子参与讨论家庭预算、购买食物、在家里使用码尺或量杯、设置时钟、计算旅行里程，以及从事许多其他有数学基础的活动。可判断出作者赞同通过将知识运用到生活中来提高某种能力。所以要想提高孩子的写作技能，鼓励孩子给亲戚写信是作者最赞成的方式。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Hopehelps.Itkeepsusgoinginbleaktimesandamid（）news.Buthopehasmorecredibilitywhenwecanpointtothereasonforit.

问题1选项

A.disheartened

B.disheartening

C.enlightening

D.enlightened

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。disheartening“使沮丧”；disheartened“沮丧的”；enlightening“使人领悟的”；enlightened“被启发的”。根据题意，空格中的形容词用来形容news，形容物体用-ing形式的形容词，选项A，D可排除。句意：希望是有帮助的。在暗淡的时光和令人沮丧的消息中，能够保持继续前进。但是希望更让人信服，当我们有理由去相信的时候。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

WhenChelseacaughta（）disease,noneofhisfriendswereallowedtovisithim.

问题1选项

A.conspicuous

B.contagious

C.consequent

D.captivating

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。conspicuous“显著的；显而易见的”；contagious“感染性的”；consequent“随之发生的”；captivating“迷人的；有魅力的”。句意：Chelsea得了______病，他的朋友们都不允许来看望他。根据后半句可知Chelsea得的是传染病。因此选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

14.

问题1选项

A.Sheisabsent-minded.

B.Sheisinhighspirits.

C.Sheisindifferent.

D.Sheiscompassionate.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Here’sanextrablanket.Letmetuckyouin.

M:You’resosweet.Whatisyourname?

W:MynameisAlice.I’llbeonshiftduringthedayforthenextfewdays.

Q:Whatcanbesaidofthewoman?

【解析】细节题。对话中女士要给男士加一条毛毯，男士说：You’resosweet，可知女士非常热心。

9.单选题

Atapressconferenceaftertheawardceremonythe18-year-oldgirlspokeinabarely（）voice.

问题1选项

A.audible

B.optional

C.legible

D.identical

【答案】A

【解析】形容词词义辨析。audible可听得见的；optional可选择的,随意的；legible字迹清楚的,易读的；identical相同的,完全一样的。句意：在颁奖典礼后的新闻发布会上，这位18岁的女孩用几乎听不见的声音说话。选项A符合句意。

10.单选题

Itwasunfortunatethat,aftersotrouble-freeanarrival,heshouldstumbleinthedarkashewasrisingandseverelytwisthisankleonapieceofrock.Afterthefirstshockthepainbecamebearable,andhegathereduphisparachutebeforelimpingintothetreestohideitasbesthecould.Thehardnessofthegroundandthedeepdarknessmadeitalmostimpossibletodothisefficiently.Thepineneedleslayseveralinchesdeepsohesimplypiledthemontopoftheparachute,cuttingtheshorttwigsthathecouldfeelaroundhislegs,andspreadingthemontopoftheneedles.Hehadgreatdoubtsaboutwhetheritwouldstayburied,buttherewasverylittleelsethathecoulddoaboutit.

Afterlimpingforsomedistanceinanindirectcourseawayfromhisparachutehebegantomakehiswaydownhillthroughthetrees.Hehadtofindoutwherehewas,andthendecidewhattodonext.Butwalkingdownhillonarapidlyswellinganklesoonprovedtobealmostbeyondhispowers.Hemovedmoreandmoreslowly,walkinginlongsidewaysmovementsacrosstheslope,whichmeanttakingmorestepsbutlesspainfulones.Bythetimeheclearedthetreesandreachedthevalley,daywasbreaking.Misthunginsoftsheetsacrossthefield.Smallcottagesandfarmbuildingsgroupedlikesleepingcattlearoundavillagechurch,whosepointedtower,pointedhighintothecoldwinterairtowelcomethemorning.

“Ican’tgonofurther,”JohnHardingthought.“Someoneisboundtofindme,butwhatcan’tIdo?ImustgetarestbeforeIgoon.They’lllookformefirstupthereonthemountainwheretheplanecrashed.Ibetthey’reoutlookingforitalreadyandthey’reboundtofindtheparachuteintheend.Ican’tbelievetheywon’t.Sothey’llknowI’mnotdeadandmustbesomewhere.They’llthinkI’mhidingupthereinthetreesandrockssothey’lllookforme,soI’llgodowntothevillage.Withluckbytheeveningmyfootwillbegoodenoughtogetmetotheborder.”

Farabovehimonthemountainsidehecouldhearthefaintechoofvoices,startlinghimaftergreatsilence.Lookinguphesawlightslikelittlepinpointsmovingacrossthefaceofthemountaininthegreylight.Buttheroadwasdeserted,andhestruggledalong,stillalmostinvisibleinthefirstlight,easinghisachingfootwheneverhecould,avoidingstonesandroughplaces,andlimpingquietlyandpainfullytowardsthevillage.Hereachedthechurchatlast.Agreatneedforpeacealmostdrewhiminside,butheknewthatwouldnotdo.Instead,helimpedalongitswailstowardsaveryoldbuildingstandingashortdistancefromthechurchdoors.Itseemedtohavebeenthereforever,asifithadgrownoutofthehillside.Ithadthesameairoftimelessnessasthechurch.JohnHardingpushedopentheheavywoodendoorandslippedinside.

1.ItisknownfromthepassagethatJohnHardingwas（）.

2.JohnHardingfoundithardtohidehisparachutebecause（）.

3.InspiteofhisbadankleJohnHardingwasableto（）.

4.WhenJohnHardinggotoutoftheforesthesawthat（）.

5.JohnHardingdecidedtogodowntothevillage（）.

问题1选项

A.anescapedprisoner

B.acriminalontherunfromthepolice

C.anairmanwhohadlandedinanenemycountryarea

D.aspywhohadbeenhidingintheforest

问题2选项

A.hegothisankletwistedseverely

B.thetreesdidnotgiveverygoodcover

C.theearthwasnotsoftandtherewaslittlelight

D.thepineneedleslaytoothickontheground

问题3选项

A.carryonwalkingfairlyrapidly

B.walkinadirectionthatwaslesssteep

C.bearthepainwithoutchangingdirection

D.findoutwherehehadlanded

问题4选项

A.itwasbeginningtogetmuchlighter

B.washingwashangingonthelinesinthevillage

C.thefieldswerefullofsleepingcows

D.sometreeshadbeenclearednearthevillage

问题5选项

A.tofindadoctortoseetohisankle

B.tobenearthefrontier

C.toavoidthesearchparty

D.tofindshelterinabuilding

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:文章第一段提到parachute（降落伞）可推断出他是一个飞行员，文章第三段提到约翰知道有人在搜捕他，可以推测出他在敌人的实力范围，所以选项C符合题意。

第2题:文章第一段提到他想把降落伞好好收起来，但是他发现很难做到，因为地面很坚硬，又天黑了（thehardnessofthegroundandthedeepdarknessmadeitalmostimpossibletodothisefficiently），所以选项C符合题意。

第3题:文章第三段提到尽管约翰的脚踝扭伤了，但他认为自己必须往前走，所以选项C符合题意。

第4题:文章第二段提到bythetimeheclearedthetreesandreachedthevalley,daywasbreaking，当他走出树林到达山谷时，天已经快亮了，所以选项A符合题意。

第5题:文章第三段最后一句话withluckbytheeveningmyfootwillbegoodenoughtogetmetotheborder说明约翰到村庄去是想去边界，选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Sincetheeconomicreform,withprices______somuch,itishardforthemanykindnessesyouhaveshownmyson.

问题1选项

A.swinging

B.waving

C.fluctuating

D.vibrating

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项swing“摇摆”，B项wave“挥手，挥手示意”，C项fluctuate“波动，涨落”，D项vibrate“振动，颤动”。空格部分是一个with复合结构的独立主格结构，所以空格处要填入一个动词与price（价格）搭配，四个选项中只有C项最符合。句意：自从经济改革以来，物价波动如此之大，您对我儿子的好意实在难以接受。因此，该题选择C项。

12.翻译题

TheclimateofAustraliavariesgreatlyfromregiontoregion,withatropicalclimateinthenorth,anaridorsemiaridclimateinmuchoftheinterior,andatemperateclimateinthesouth.Despitethesevariations,themoderatinginfluenceofthesurroundingoceansandtheabsenceofextensivehighmountainrangeshelppreventmarkedextremesofweather.However,someareasoccasionallyexperienceextremeweatherconditions,suchastropicalcyclones,tornadoes,andseveredrought.

BecauseAustraliaisintheSouthernHemisphere,itsseasonsarethereverseofthoseintheNorthernHemisphere.Seasonalvariations,onthewhole,aresmall.Generally,coastalandhighlandareas,especiallyinthesoutheast,arecoolerthaninteriorlocations,andthenorth,particularlythenorthwesterncoast,isthehottestregion.ThetemperateregionsofsouthernAustraliahavefourseasons,withcoolwintersandwarmsummers.

【答案】澳大利亚的气候因地区而异，北部为热带气候，内陆大部分地区为干旱或半干旱气候，南部为温和气候。尽管有这些变化，但周围海洋的缓和影响和没有广泛的高山山脉有助于防止明显的极端天气。然而，一些地区偶尔会经历极端天气条件，如热带气旋、龙卷风和严重干旱。

因为澳大利亚在南半球，它的季节与北半球相反。总的来说，季节变化很小。一般来说，沿海和高原地区，尤其是东南部，比内陆地区凉爽，而北部，尤其是西北海岸，是最热的地区。澳大利亚南部的温带地区四季分明，冬冷夏暖。

13.单选题

ByaboutA.D.D.500theMoundBuilder(筑堤人)culturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewest,anotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.Itscenterwasbeneathpresent-daySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoencompassmostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisianaandfromOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.D.700thisMississippianculture,asisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandwarfare,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.D.900and1100thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofapalisadedIndiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30,000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokia,asthiscenterofMississippiancultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramics,finelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmicasheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12,000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintool-making,，hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsaltmaking.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

2.Theparagraphprecedingthisonemostprobablydiscussed.

3.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewaslocated.

4.TheMississippiancultureinfluencedthecultureofthe.

5.Accordingtothepassage,themoundswereusedas.

问题1选项

A.TheMississippianculture

B.ThedeclineofMoundBuilderculture

C.ThearchitectureofMeso-AmericanIndians

D.Theeasternwoodlandstribes

问题2选项

A.theMoundBuilderculture

B.warfareinAD500

C.thegeographyoftheMississippiarea

D.agricultureneartheMississippiRiver

问题3选项

A.inessentiallythesamearea

B.farthersouthalongthewatershedC

C.totheeast

D.tothewest

问题4选项

A.easternwoodlandtribes

B.MoundBuilders

C.Meso-Americans

D.Egyptians

问题5选项

A.palacesfortheroyalfamilies

B.fortressesfordefense

C.centersforconductingtrade

D.placesforburyingthedead

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文段内容ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes可知是在讲述Mississippianculture，因此选项A符合题意。

2.推理判断题。文段一开始就提到了theMoundBuilderculture在不断衰退，由此可推测该文段之前的内容是在讲述该文化，因此选项A符合题意。

3.推理判断题。根据文段第二句话中的关键信息tothewest…wasbeginningtoflourish，该文化指的是Mississippianculture，由此可知相对于Mississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculture位于东边，选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文段内容ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes，可知选项A符合题意。

5.细节事实题。根据文段内容builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces可知选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Hespokeso（

）thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.

问题1选项

A.bluntly

B.convincingly

C.emphatically

D.determinedly

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他讲话非常有说服力以至于连他的对手都被他的论点说服了。

副词辨析。Bluntly直率地;convincingly有说服力地;emphatically强调地;determinedly坚定地。根据后面句意“以至于连他的对手都被他的论点说服了”判断B符合句意。

15.单选题

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir（）.

问题1选项

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】句意:逃跑的小偷后面紧跟着当地的警察。

考查固定搭配。on（at）one'sheels紧跟某人后面。

16.单选题

Thereasonforthetrafficaccidentinthemorningwas（

）oneofthedrivershadlostcontrolofhiscar.

问题1选项

A.that

B.why

C.how

D.when

【答案】A

【解析】答案:A。

句意:今天早上的这场交通事故的原因是一个司机的车失控了。

语法题。考查表语从句。系动词was后面接的是一个表语从句,且表语从句中不缺少成分,空格处应填表语从句的连接词,因此填that。

17.单选题

Theboycyclinginthestreetwasknockeddownbyaminibusandreceived（）injuries.

问题1选项

A.fatal

B.excessive

C.disastrous

D.exaggerated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在街上，骑车的男孩被一辆小型客车撞倒，生命垂危。

考查形容词辨析。fatal致命的，灾难性的，重大的，决定性的。excessive极度的，过分的;disastrous灾难性的，损失惨重的;exaggerate夸大的，言过其实的。就前面句意“骑车的男孩被一辆小型客车撞倒”可知A正确。

18.单选题

Lastyear,thecrimerateinChicagohassharply（

）.

问题1选项

A.descended

B.slipped

C.lessened

D.declined

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。descend“下降，下倾（数量）”；slip“使滑动”；lessen“使变小，使减轻”；decline“下降，拒绝”。句意：去年，芝加哥的犯罪率急剧下降。因此选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

IworkasanofficeassistantinasmallbutgrowinggardenequipmentmanufacturingcompanyinCalifornia.Afewmonthsago,mybossgavemethejobofwritingsomesalesletterswhichwouldbesenttotheexistingcustomersofourcompany.Theobjectivewastogetsomeofourexistingcustomerstopurchaseanewproductthatourcompanyhadjustlaunched.

Now,Ihadneverwrittensaleslettersbeforeinmylifeandhadnoideaofhowtowriteeventhefirstword.AndevenifIendedupwritingafewlines,becauseIwassoinexperienced,chanceswerethatthesaleslettersandbusinessletters,wouldbombcompletelyandwouldhardlygenerateanysalesforourcompany.So,inordertolearnhowtocreatemoreeffectivesalesletterIwenttotheInternetandlookedupafewsiteswhichweresellingsamples,templatesandexamplesofsaleslettersthatclaimedwould“increasesalesby10000%”.Becausetheyweren’ttooexpensive,Ibought2suchpackages.

Bigmistake.Ifoundthatthesamplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinthemlookedsocheapthattherewasnoway.Iwasgoingtosendthemtoourcustomers.EvenIwouldhavedoneabetterjobofwritingsalesletters!SoIsearchedsomemore,andcameacrossasitebelongingtoapersonlivinginMarylandcalledYanikSilver.Hetoowassellingsometemplatesandsamplesofsaleslettersandbusinessletters.Afterhavingbeendupedwith2suchpackages,Iwasnaturallysuspicious.Ireadthroughhissiteandfoundthathewasofferingamoneybackguarantee.Whilethatmademefeelabitmorecomfortable,IfirsthadtodeterminewhetherthispersonwouldbearoundtohonortheguaranteeshouldIwanttoreturnthepackage.SoIsentanemailtohim(justtotestwhetherherepliestocustomers，emails)andIgotareplyfromhimwithin4hours.Ialsosawacommentinhissitebyoneofhiscustomerswhohadactuallygotarefundfromhimassoonashehadaskedfortherefund.

Feelingmorecomfortable,Idecidedtogoaheadandbuythepackagethathewasselling.Well,Iwasblownaway!Thesamples,examplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinhispackagewerepreciselytheonesthatIwaslookingfor.Andtheywerefar,farbetterthananyofthetemplatesincludedinthe2otherpackagesIhadbought.Iquicklycustomizedoneofthesaleslettertemplatestofitmyneeds,haditapprovedbymyboss,andsentthemovertoourcustomers.Within2weeksfromthetimethatIsentouttheletter,about36%ofthecustomerswhoreceivedtheletterendedupbuyingournewproduct.YoucouldsaythatmybosswasimpressedwithwhatIhaddone!

Sincethen,Ihavewrittenquiteafewsaleslettersforourcompany(simplybycustomizingthetemplatesincludedinYank’spackage)andallofthemhavegeneratedexcellentsalesforus.So,ifyouwanttolearnhowtowritesaleslettersthatgetthesale,IhighlyrecommendYanik’spackage.

1.Thepurposeoftheletterstheauthorwasaskedtowritewasto（

）.

2.Thesamplelettersandtemplatesweresobadthat（

）

3.YanikSilverpromisesthat（

）

4.To“customize”(thefourthparagraph)somethingmeansto“（

）

5.Thispassageismostprobablyusedfor（

）.

问题1选项

A.conveyinformationabouthiscompanytonewcustomers

B.promoteanewproducttoregularcustomers

C.increasethesalesofanewproductamongregularcustomers

D.explainthestrengthsofanewproducttoexistingcustomers

问题2选项

A.customerscomplainedabouttheircontentandformats

B.theauthorfeltthathecouldhavewrittenbetterones

C.customersendedupbyrefusingtogiveanyreply

D.theyannoyedthecustomersandtheboss,too

问题3选项

A.hewillreplywithin4hourswhenhereceivesanemailfromacustomer

B.acustomerwillberefundedifhissamplesandtemplatesdonotwork

C.hewillgoovertocustomerstoseewhatletterssuittheirsituationbetter

D.hewillpaythepostageifthesamplesandtemplatesarereturnedinaparcel

问题4选项

A.orderitandhaveitdeliveredover

B.changeitandmakeitattractive

C.modifyittosuitone’spurpose

D.purchaseitonregularbasis

问题5选项

A.promotion

B.instruction

C.guidance

D.introduction

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段最后一句话Theobjectivewastogetsomeofourexistingcustomers

topurchaseanewproductthatourcompanyhadjustlaunched，从这句话可知作者被要求写销售函件的目的是为了向他们现有的顾客推销他们公司的新产品，所以选项B符合题意。

2.文章第三段提到Ifoundthatthesamplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinthemlookedsocheapthattherewasnoway.Iwasgoingtosendthemtoourcustomers.EvenIwouldhavedoneabetterjobofwritingsalesletters!作者在网上买的两页销售信件模板实在太差，他自己都可以写得比这个好。选项B符合题意。

3.文章第三段提到YanikSilver将会offeringamoneybackguarantee（不满意退费），选项B符合题意。

4.文章第四段提到作者对YanikSilver提供的模板很满意。Iquicklycustomized

oneofthesaleslettertemplatestofitmyneeds“我很快便找到了适合我需要的模板”，之后得到了老板的认可。由此可知，作者在原来的模板上进行了修改。选项C符合题意。

5.文章是作者亲身经历，他向读者介绍了网上一个不错的销售信件模板。他是偶然在网上发现YanikSilver这个网址，所以不能说是promotion(推销)，单纯地介绍了这个网址，所以选项D符合题意。instruction“指示，命令”；guidance“指导，引导”。

20.单选题

Hetoldmethatthenumberofstudentsattendingthemeeting（

）over100.

问题1选项

A.are

B.were

C.is

D.was

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他告诉我参加会议的学生人数超过了100人。

语法题。考查主谓一致。此句为宾语从句。宾语从句的主语为thenumber,因此其谓语动词应该用单数形式。而且主句的时态为一般过去时,所以宾语从句时态与主句保持一致。故选D。

21.单选题

Oneofthebiggest（

）totheeconomicreformofthisareahasbeenthelackofaccesstointernationalmarkets.

问题1选项

A.prophecies

B.transactions

C.arguments

D.hindrances

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。prophecy“预言”；transaction“交易”；argument“论证，争吵”；hindrance“障碍，妨碍”。句意：这些领域经济改革中最大的障碍便是没有进入国际市场。选项D符合题意。

22.单选题

Iam（）toMr.MorrisonbecauseofthekindnessandconcernthatheshowedmewhenIfirstgothere.

问题1选项

A.gratified

B.unforgettable

C.desirous

D.indebted

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义解析。Gratified“满足的”;unforgettable“难忘的”；desirous“渴望的”;indebted“受惠的，感激的”。句意：当我最初到这儿的时候，莫里森先生对我关心友好，我对他报以感激之心。选项D符合题意。

23.单选题

Isitpossibletobebothfatandfit—notjustfitenoughtoexercise,butfitenoughtoliveaslongassomeonealotlighter?Notaccordingtoa2004studyfromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthwhichlookedat115,000nursesagedbetween30and55,comparedwithwomenwhowereboththinandactive,obese(overweight)butactivewomenhadamortalityratethatwas91%higher.Thoughfarbetterthantheinactiveobese(142%higher),theywerestillworseoffthantheinactivelean(5%higher).Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000womenwithanaverageageof54.Comparedwithactivewomenofnormalweight,theactivebutoverweightwere54%morelikelytodevelopheartdisease.

That’ssettled,then.Orisit?StevenBlair,aprofessorofexercisescienceattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,describestheofficialfocusonobesityasan“obsession...andit’snotgroundedinsoliddata”.

Blair’smostfascinatingstudy,intheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationin2007,took2,600peopleaged60andabove,ofvariousdegreesoffatnes