考研考博-英语-四川工商职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川工商职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Inspiteofmyrepeatedapologies,sheneverforgavemeformy（

）herprivateaffairs.

问题1选项

A.potentialfor

B.expertiseof

C.intrusioninto

D.injectioninto

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项potentialfor“有……潜能/可能”；B选项expertiseof“……专业技能/知识”；C选项intrusioninto“侵入，侵犯，侵扰”；D选项injectioninto“注射，注入”。由privateaffairs（隐私）可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：尽管我一再道歉，但她不会原谅我侵犯了她的隐私。

2.单选题

Themegaphonemakesthevoicesoundbecauseitpointssoundwavesinonedirectionandkeepsthemfromspreadingoutinalldirections.

问题1选项

A.slithering

B.interfering

C.radiating

D.murmuring

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。spreadout表示“展开，伸张”。A项slither“使滑动”，B项interfere“干涉，妨碍”，C项radiate“辐射，发射”，D项murmur“低声说”。句意：扩音器之所以能发出声音，是因为它把声波指向一个方向，防止它们向四面八方扩散。根据题意该题选C。

3.单选题

GREYINGPOPULATIONSTAYSINTHEPINK

Elderlypeoplearegrowinghealthier,happierandmoreindependent,sayAmericanscientists.Theresultsofa14-yearstudytobeannouncedlaterthismonthrevealthatthediseasesassociatedwitholdageareafflictingfewerandfewerpeopleandwhentheydostrike,itismuchlaterinlife.

Inthelast14years,theNationallong-termHealthCareSurveyhasgathereddataonthehealthandlifestylesofmorethan20,000menandwomenover65.Researchers,nowanalyzingtheresultsofdatagatheredin1994,sayarthritis,highbloodpressureandcirculationproblems—themajormedicalcomplaintsinthisagegroup—aretroublingasmallerproportioneveryyear.Andthedataconfirmsthattherateatwhichthesediseasesaredecliningcontinuestoaccelerate.Otherdiseasesofoldage—dementia,stroke,arteriosclerosisandemphysema—arealsotroublingfewerandfewerpeople.

Itreallyraisesthequestionofwhatshouldbeconsiderednormalageing,saysKennethManton,ademographerfromDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina.Hesaystheproblemsdoctorsacceptedasnormalina65-year-oldin1982areoftennotappearinguntilpeopleare70or75.

Clearly,certaindiseasesarebeatingaretreatinthefaceofmedicaladvances.Buttheremaybeothercontributingfactors.Improvementsinchildhoodnutritioninthefirstquarterofthetwentiethcentury,forexample,gavetoday’selderlypeopleabetterstartinlifethantheirpredecessors.

Onthedownside,thedataalsorevealsfailuresinpublichealththathavecausedsurgesinsomeillnesses.Anincreaseinsomecancersandbronchitismayreflectchangingsmokinghabitsandpoorerairquality,saytheresearchers.Thesemaybesubtleinfluences,saysManton,butoursubjectshavebeenexposedtoworseandworsepollutionforover60years.It’snotsurprisingweseesomeeffect.

OneinterestingcorrelationMantonuncoveredisthatbetter-educatedpeoplearelikelytolivelonger.Forexample,65-year-oldwomenwithfewerthaneightyearsofschoolingareexpected,onaverage,toliveto82.Thosewhocontinuedtheireducationliveanextrasevenyears.Althoughsomeofthiscanbeattributedtoahigherincome,Mantonbelievesitismainlybecauseeducatedpeopleseekmoremedicalattention.

Thesurveyalsoassessedhowindependentpeopleover65were,andagainfoundastrikingtrend.Almost80%ofthoseinthe1994surveycouldcompleteeverydayactivitiesrangingfromeatinganddressingunaidedtocomplextaskssuchascookingandmanagingtheirfinances.Thatrepresentsasignificantdropinthenumberofdisabledoldpeopleinthepopulation.IfthetrendsapparentintheUnitedStates14yearsagohadcontinued,researcherscalculatetherewouldbeanadditionalonemilliondisabledelderlypeopleintoday’population.AccordingtoManton,slowingthetrendhassavedtheUnitedStatesgovernment’sMedicaresystemmorethan$200billion,suggestingthatthegreyingofAmerica’spopulationmayprovelessofafinancialburdenthanexpected.

Theincreasingself-relianceofmanyelderlypeopleisprobablylinkedtoamassiveincreaseintheuseofsimplehomemedicalaids.Forinstance,theuseofraisedtoiletseatshasmorethandoubledsincethestartofthestudy,andtheuseofbathseatshasgrownbymorethan50%.Thesedevelopmentsalsobringsomehealthbenefits,accordingtoareportfromtheMacArthurFoundation’sresearchgrouponsuccessfulageing.Thegroupfoundthatthoseelderlypeoplewhowereabletoretainasenseofindependenceweremorelikelytostayhealthyinoldage.

Maintainingalevelofdailyphysicalactivitymayhelpmentalfunctioning,saysCarlCotman,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvine.Hefoundthatratsthatexerciseonatreadmillhaveraisedlevelsofbrain-derivedneurotropicfactorcoursingthroughtheirbrains.Cotmanbelievesthishormone,whichkeepsneuronsfunctioning,maypreventthebrainsofactivehumansfromdeteriorating.

Aspartofthesamestudy,TeresaSeeman,asocialepidemiologistattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniainLosAngeles,foundaconnectionbetweenself-esteemandstressinpeopleover70.Inlaboratorysimulationsofchallengingactivitiessuchasdriving,thosewhofeltincontroloftheirlivespumpedoutlowerlevelsofstresshormonessuchascortisol.Chronicallyhighlevelsofthesehormoneshavebeenlinkedtoheartdisease.

Butindependencecanhavedrawbacks.Seemanfoundthatelderlypeoplewhofeltemotionallyisolatedmaintainedhigherlevelsofstresshormonesevenwhenasleep.Theresearchsuggeststhatolderpeoplefarebestwhentheyfeelindependentbutknowtheycangethelpwhenneedit.

“Likemuchresearchintoageing,theseresultssupportcommonsense,”saysSeeman.Theyalsoshowthatwemaybeunderestimatingtheimpactofthosesimplefactors.“Thesortofthingthatyourgrandmotheralwaystoldyouturnsouttoberightontarget,”shesays.

Completeeachsentencewiththecorrectending,A-H,below.Writethecorrectletter,A-Hinboxes1-4onyouranswersheet.

1.Homemedicalaids（）.

2.Regularamountsofexercise（）.

3.Feelingsofcontroloverlife（）.

4.Feelingsofloneliness（）.

问题1选项

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

问题2选项

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

问题3选项

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

问题4选项

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

【答案】第1题:G

第2题:E

第3题:H

第4题:C

【解析】1.根据文章第八段第一句，“Theincreasingself-relianceofmanyelderlypeopleisprobablylinkedtoamassiveincreaseintheuseofsimplehomemedicalaids.”，许多老年人在生活中越来越具独立性，这可能与越来越多地使用简单的家庭医疗设备有关。可判断出家庭的一些医疗设备让老年人变得更加独立。选项G符合题意。

2.根据文章第九段第一句，“Maintainingalevelofdailyphysicalactivitymayhelpmentalfunctioning…”，每天保持一定程度的锻炼活动可能有助于维持脑力功能。可判断出有规律的锻炼有助于防止脑力衰退。选项E符合题意。

3.根据文章倒数第三段，“Inlaboratorysimulationsofchallengingactivitiessuchasdriving,thosewhofeltincontroloftheirlivespumpedoutlowerlevelsofstresshormonessuchascortisol.”，在做驾驶等具有挑战性活动的实验室模拟中，那些感觉能掌控自己生命的人会分泌出如皮质醇之类的较低水平的压力荷尔蒙。可判断出掌控生命的感觉可以使人在困境中减轻压力。选项H符合题意。

4.根据文章倒数第二段第二句，“Seemanfoundthatelderlypeoplewhofeltemotionallyisolatedmaintainedhigherlevelsofstresshormonesevenwhenasleep.”，感到孤独的老年人即使在睡觉时也会保持较高水平的压力荷尔蒙。可判断出孤独感会增加压力荷尔蒙的水平。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

ThenameofFlorenceNightingalelivesinthememoryoftheworldbyvirtueoftheheroicadventureoftheCrimea.Hadshedied—asshenearlydid—uponherreturntoEngland,herreputationwouldhardlyhavebeendifferent；herlegendwouldhavecomedowntousalmostasweknowittoday—thatgentlevisionoffemalevirtuewhichfirsttookshapebeforetheadoringeyesofthesicksoldiersatScutari.Yet,asamatteroffact,shelivedformorethanhalfacenturyaftertheCrimeanWar；andduringthegreaterpartofthatlongperiodalltheenergyandallthedevotionofherextraordinarynaturewereworkingattheirhighestpitch.Whatsheaccomplishedinthoseyearsofunknownlaborcould,indeed,hardlyhavebeenmoregloriousthanherCrimeantriumphs；butitwascertainlymoreimportant.Thetruehistorywasfarstrangereventhanthemyth.InMissNightingale’sowneyestheadventureoftheCrimeawasamereincident—scarcelymorethanausefulstepping-stoneinhercareer.Itwasthefulcrumwithwhichshehopedtomovetheworld；butitwasonlythefulcrum.Formorethanagenerationshewastositinsecret,workingherlever:andherreallifebeganattheverymomentwhen,inpopularimagination,ithadended.

ShearrivedinEnglandinashatteredstateofhealth.Thehardshipsandtheceaselesseffortsofthelasttwoyearshadunderminedhernervoussystem；herheartwasaffected；shesufferedconstantlyfromfainting-fitsandterribleattacksofutterphysicalprostration.Thedoctorsdeclaredthatonethingalonewouldsaveher—acompleteandprolongedrest.Butthatwasalsotheonethingwithwhichshewouldhavenothingtodo.Shehadneverbeeninthehabitofresting；whyshouldshebeginnow?Now,whenheropportunityhadcomeatlast；now,whentheironwashot,anditwastimetostrike?No；shehadworktodo；and,comewhatmight,shewoulddoit.Thedoctorsprotestedinvain；invainherfamilylamentedandentreated,invainherfriendspointedouttoherthemadnessofsuchacourse.Madness?Mad—possessed—perhapsshewas.Afrenzyhadseizeduponher.Asshelayuponhersofa,gasping,shedevouredblue-books,dictatedletters,and,intheintervalsofherpalpitations,crackedjokes.Formonthsatastretchsheneverleftherbed.Butshewouldnotrest.Atthisrate,thedoctorsassuredher,evenifshedidnotdie,shewouldbecomeaninvalidforlife.Shecouldnothelpthat；therewasworktobedone；and,asforrest,verylikelyshemightrest...whenshehaddoneit.

Wherevershewent,toLondonorinthecountry,inthehillsofDerbyshire,oramongtherhododendronsatEmbley,shewashauntedbyaghost.ItwasthespecterofScutari—thehideousvisionoftheorganizationofamilitaryhospital.Shewouldlaythatphantom,orshewouldperish.ThewholesystemoftheArmyMedicalDepartment,theeducationoftheMedicalOfficer,theregulationsofhospitalprocedure...rest?Howcouldsherestwhilethesethingswereastheywere,while,ifthelikenecessityweretoariseagain,thelikeresultswouldfollow?And,eveninpeaceandathome,whatwasthesanitaryconditionoftheArmy?Themortalityinthebarracks,was,shefound,nearlydoublethemortalityincivillife.“Youmightaswelltake1,100meneveryyearoutuponSalisburyPlainandshootthem，”shesaid.AfterinspectingthehospitalsatChatham,shesmiledgrimly.“Yes，thisisonemoresymptomofthesystemwhich,intheCrimea,puttodeath16,000men.”Scutarihadgivenherknowledge；andithadgivenherpowertoo:herenormousreputationwasatherback—anincalculableforce.Otherwork,otherduties,mightliebeforeher；butthemosturgent,themostobvious,ofallwastolooktothehealthoftheArmy.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theworkdoneduringthelastfiftyyearsofFlorenceNightingale’slifewas，whencomparedwithherworkintheCrimea,allofthefollowingexcept（）.

2.Paragraph2paintsapictureofawomanwhois（）.

3.TheprimarypurposeofParagraph3isto（）.

4.Theauthor’sattitudetohismaterialis（）.

5.Inherstatement(Paragraph3,Sentence8)MissNightingaleintendedto（）.

问题1选项

A.lessdramatic

B.lessdemanding

C.lesswell-knowntothepublic

D.moreimportant

问题2选项

A.mentallyshattered

B.stubbornandquerulous

C.physicallyweakbutmentallyindomitable

D.purposefulyettiresome

问题3选项

A.accountforconditionsinthearmy

B.showtheneedforhospitalreform

C.explainMissNightingale’smainconcerns

D.arguethatpeacetimeconditionswereworsethanwartimeconditions

问题4选项

A.disinterestedreportingofbiographicaldetails

B.over-inflationofareputation

C.debunkingamyth

D.interpretationaswellasnarration

问题5选项

A.criticizetheconditionsinhospitals

B.highlighttheunhealthyconditionsunderwhichordinarysoldierswereliving

C.provethatconditionsinthebarrackswereasbadasthoseinamilitaryhospital

D.ridiculethedangersofarmylife

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:南丁格尔女士后五十年的工作，作者认为是费尽心力的，选项Blessdemanding显然是错误的；作者用legend来形容南丁格尔后来在克里米亚的经历，Whatsheaccomplishedinthoseyearsofunknownlaborcould,indeed,hardlyhavebeenmoregloriousthanherCrimeantriumphs;butitwascertainlymoreimportant,虽然不那么广为人知，但是却更为重要。选项B符合题意。

第2题:文章第二段第二句提到南丁格尔女士的身体状况：underminedhernervoussystem,herheartwasaffected,fainting-fits,physicalprostration，这都说明她的身体是虚弱的，但是她却依然不忘记工作，显然她的精神依然没被击垮，选项C符合题意。

第3题:文章第三段主要讲述了南丁格尔女士对军队医疗条件的担忧，选项C符合题意。

第4题:作者讲述了南丁格尔女士在克里米亚战后的生活，整篇文章都是对主人公的赞美，但并没有吹捧，选项B排除；选项A与C是否定意味，排除，所以选项D符合题意。

第5题:南丁格尔关注的是军队的医疗条件，最后一段最后一句话butthemosturgent,themostobvious,ofallwastolooktothehealthoftheArmy，她认为最迫切的问题就是去救助军队里的生命，所以选项B符合题意，她是为了指出普通士兵所生活的不卫生的环境。

5.单选题

Theindustrialcommunityshouldbecloseenoughtothecrowdedcentersbutdistantenoughtoreduce（）hazards.

问题1选项

A.feasible

B.active

C.substantial

D.potential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项feasible“可行的；可能的;”；B选项active“积极的；活跃的”；C选项substantial“大量的；实质的”；D选项potential“潜在的，可能的”。句意:工业区应该离拥挤的中心足够近，但要足够远，以减少潜在的危险。所选之词应修饰hazards(危险)，而且其意应为“潜在的或可能发生的”危险。故选D。

6.单选题

AldousHuxleywasamostunfortunateman.Whenhediedin1963hemusthaveexpiredintheconfidentbeliefthattheeventwouldbegivenwidecoverageinthepressthenextday.Afterall,hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.AsaresultHuxleygotaboutthreecolumninchesatthebottomofpage27.

InthesamewaythedeathofVictorFarrishasgonewidelyunnoticedbecausehefoolishlyshuffledoffthismortalcoilatthesametimeasMr.KonstantinCherenkov.Now,asyouallknow,VictorFarriswasthechapwhoinventedthepaperclip,thepapermilkcartontoo.AndpaperclipsandmilkcartonswillbeinuselongaftereveryonehasforgottenthenameofthecomradewhocamebetweenAndropovandwhateverthisnewblokeiscalled.

ThesamegoesfortheinventorofthesupermarkettrolleywhodiedinSwitzerlandafewmonthsago.Felloffhistrolley,sotospeak.Foralliknow,hemaybeahouseholdnameinhisowncantonandtheyareputtingupastatueofhomewheelinghistrolley,andaregoingtocommemoratehimononeofthoseever-so-tastefulSwisspostagestampsweusedtocollectwhenwewereyoungerandwiser,butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.Personallyiforgotitwithinminutesofreadingofhisdecease.

Notthatitmatters.Somehowitishardtoimaginethingslikepaperclipsandsupermarkettrolleyshavinghadanamedinventor.It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.Oneassumesthattheseeverydayobjectsjusthappened,orevolvedthroughnaturalselection.

Itisn’tnecessarilyso.IreadonlytheotherdaythatRichardLiinventedthehandkerchief.AlmosteverythingelsewasinventedeitherbyLeonardodaVinci(scissors,bicycles,helicopters,andprobablyspoons,socksandtheRubikcubeaswell)orbyBenjaminFranklin(lightning-conductor,rocking-chair,bifocals)orelsebyJosephStalin(television).

It’squitepossiblethatLeonardoorBenjaminFranklinorStalinalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolley.Certainlyithasbeeninventedmorethanonce.HardlywasHerrEdelweiss(orwhatevertheSwisschapwascalled)inhisgravethannewscameofthedeathofSylvanN.Goodmanattheageof86.Sylvanalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolleyor,astheLosAngelesTimesreportcallsit,theshoppingcart.

Bethatasitmay,HerrEdelweissorSylvanGoodman,orboth,didagrandjobandmadesupermarketshoppingfarlesshellishthanitwouldotherwisebe.Thenextstepwillbetogetthetrolleysoutoftheshopsandintothestreets.Youcouldputanengineinthefrontandcallitacar.Orgiveitbigwheelsandacanopyandcallitapram.Thepossibilitiesareendless.

1.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHerrEdelweiss_______.

2.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinordertoillustratethat_______.

3.Whoprobablyinventedspoons?

4.BystatingthatLeonardodaVinciinventedhelicopters,theauthormeans_______.

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAldousHuxley?

问题1选项

A.wasrememberedbythepeoplealloverworld

B.madealotofmoneyfromhisinvention

C.wasnotveryfamous

D.wasabusinesspartnerofSylvanGoodman

问题2选项

A.thenamesofthepeoplewhoinventedthemostusefulthingsareusuallyforgotten

B.everydayobjectsareinventedandevolvethroughnaturalselection

C.manyeverydayobjectsareinventedmorethanonce

D.manyfamouspeoplehavepassedawaywithoutbeingnoticed

问题3选项

A.LeonardodaVinci.

B.BenjaminFranklin.

C.VictorFarris.

D.apersonunknown.

问题4选项

A.hereallydidit

B.heisamilitaryscientist

C.hepaintedinoneofhismasterpiecesahelicopters

D.peopleturntoascribeinventionstohimbuttheyarewrong

问题5选项

A.Hisdeathwasnotreportedbythepress.

B.Hewasafamousinventor.

C.Hemadeaverybigmistakeinhislateyears.

D.HediedonthesamedayasJohnF.Kennedy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据关键词“HerrEdelweiss”定位到最后两段，这两段提到HerrEdelweiss和SylvanGoodman都曾发明了手推车；再根据第三段倒数第二句“butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.”作者怀疑他的名字是否会在这个小国之外被人记住。也就是说，HerrEdelweiss并不出名，选项C符合原文。

2.结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲很多发明了日常用品的发明家们的名字却没有被人们记住。选项A符合原文。

3.根据第四段的第三句“It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.”这就像发现在某个特定的历史时刻某个特定的人发明了勺子，椅子，或者袜子。虽然第五段第三句提到LeonardodaVinci发明了剪子、自行车、直升飞机、勺子、袜子和骰子等，但事实上作者想表达的意思是：人们只记得一些有名的人物,却根本不知道是谁发明了这些重要的日常用品。所以本题选D。

4.和上一题一样，作者意在说明：人们只记得一些有名的人物，喜欢把他想象成发明了很多东西的人。

5.根据第一段的倒数第二句“WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.”他犯的最大错误就是在约翰•肯尼迪遇刺的同一天死去。可知选项D符合原文。第一段最后一句提到Huxley的死讯只出现在报纸第27版的末尾部分，并不是没有报道，只是篇幅很小，所以选项A错误；根据“hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.”可知他并不出名；选项C理解有误，所以本题选项D。

7.填空题

Animalbehaviorwasstudiedasadisciplineonitsown,andhumanbehaviorwasstudiedsimilarlyin

relativelyisolation.However,behavioraltraitsinanimalsandinhumansmayundercertain

circumstanceshaveprofoundeffectson

A

B

C

breedingpatternsandmateselection.

D

【答案】Brelatively改为relative

【解析】【考查点】定语。

【解题思路】在B部分中，isolation“孤立状态”是名词，应该用形容词作为定语修饰名词，所以此处应为relative“相比较而言的”。

【句意】动物行为是作为一门独立的学科来研究的，人类行为也是在相对孤立的环境中研究的。然而，在某些情况下，动物和人类的行为特征可能会对繁殖模式和配偶选择产生深远的影响。

8.单选题

Tallpeopleearnconsiderablymoremoneythroughouttheirlivesthantheirshorterco-workers,witheachinchaddingaboutUS$789ayearinpay,accordingtoanewstudy.“Height（1）careersuccess,”saysTimothyJudge,aUniversityofFloridaprofessorofmanagement,wholedthestudy.“Thesefindingsaretroublingsince,withafew（2）,suchasprofessionalbasketball,noonecouldarguethatheightissomethingessentialrequiredforjob（3）,”Judgepointsout.

Judgeanalyzedresultsoffourlarge-scalestudiesintheUSandBritainthatfollowedthousandsofpeoplefromchildhoodtoadulthood,examiningdetailsoftheirworkandpersonallives.“Ifyoutakethis（4）thecourseofa30-yearcareer,we’retalkingaboutliterallyhundredsofthousandsofdollarsofearnings（5）thatatallpersonenjoys,”Judgesaid.

Greaterheightboostedbothsubjectiveratingsofworkperformance—asupervisor’s（6）ofhoweffectivesomeoneis—and（7）measuresofperformance—suchassalesvolume.Beingtallmayboostself-confidence,improvingperformance.Otherpeoplemayalsogivehigher（8）andgreaterrespecttoatallperson,givingthemanedgeinnegotiatingstates,hesays.

Thecommandinginfluenceofheightmaybearemainderofourevolutionary（9）.Maybefromatimewhenhumanslivedamonganimalsandsizewas（10）powerandstrengthusedwhenmaking“fightorrun”decisions.

问题1选项

A.makesout

B.worksin

C.takeson

D.mattersfor

问题2选项

A.cases

B.exceptions

C.examples

D.problems

问题3选项

A.performance

B.operation

C.condition

D.environment

问题4选项

A.on

B.with

C.over

D.to

问题5选项

A.deficiency

B.advantage

C.loss

D.necessity

问题6选项

A.imagination

B.decision

C.judge

D.evaluation

问题7选项

A.relative

B.absolute

C.objective

D.initiative

问题8选项

A.state

B.status

C.situation

D.statue

问题9选项

A.origins

B.sources

C.courses

D.organizations

问题10选项

A.atimein

B.aholdon

C.aworkat

D.asignof

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:C

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:D

【解析】第1题:考查词组辨析和上下文语境。A项makeout“理解，辨认出”，B项workin“进入”，C项takeon“呈现，接纳”，D项matterfor“对……重要”；根据上文Tallpeopleearnconsiderablymoremoneythroughouttheirlivesthantheirshorterco-workers,witheachinchaddingaboutUS$789ayearinpay,accordingtoanewstudy.（据一项最新研究显示，高个子一生中赚的钱要比矮个子同事多得多，身高每增加一英寸，年收入就会增加约789美元），可以推断出，下文Height（）careersuccess表示“身高是事业成功的关键”。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第2题:考查名词辨析和上下文语境。A项case“案件，情况”，B项exception“例外，异议”，C项example“例子”，D项problem“问题”；根据句子Thesefindingsaretroublingsince,withafew（）,suchasprofessionalbasketball（这些发现令人不安，因为有一些……，如职业篮球）可知，上文提到“身高对职业生涯很重要”，这里提到“这个发现也令人烦恼”可推断，空格部分表示“例外”。句意：这些发现令人不安，因为除了少数例外，比如职业篮球。因此，该题选择B项正确。

第3题:考查名词辨析和上下文语境。A项performance“表现”，B项operation“操作，手术”，C项condition“条件”，D项environment“环境”；根据句子noonecouldarguethatheightissomethingessentialrequiredforjob（）（没有人会说身高是工作……的必要条件）可知，上文提到“身高对工作很重要”，所以可推断，这里的空格部分表示“工作表现”。句意：没有人会说身高是工作表现的必要条件。因此，该题选择A项正确。

第4题:考查介词辨析。A项on“在……之上”，B项with“随着，和……一起”，C项over“越过，……之上”，D项to“到，向”；根据句子Ifyoutakethis（）thecourseofa30-yearcareer（如果你……30年的职业生涯都是这样）可知，空格部分应该填入一个表示时间跨度的介词，只有C项符合。句意：如果你在30年的职业生涯中都是这样。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第5题:考查名词辨析。A项deficiency“缺陷，缺点”，B项advantage“优点，优势”，C项loss“损失”，D项necessity“需要，必然性”；根据句子we’retalkingaboutliterallyhundredsofthousandsofdollarsofearnings（）thatatallpersonenjoys（我们谈论的是一个高个子享受数十万美元的收入……）可知，空格部分应该表示“优势”。句意：我们说的是一个高个子享受的数十万美元的收入优势。因此，该题选择B项正确。

第6题:考查名词辨析。A项imagination“想象”，B项decision“决定”，C项judge“评判，判断”，D项evaluation“评价，评估”；前面提到Greaterheightboostedbothsubjectiveratingsofworkperformance（更高的身高会提高对工作表现的主观评价），根据空格前后的关键词supervisor（监督者）和howeffectivesomeoneis（一个人的效率有多高）可知，空格部分表示“评价，评估”。句意：主管对某人工作效率的评估。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第7题:考查形容词辨析和上下文逻辑。A项relative“相对的”，B项absolute“绝对的，完全的”，C项objective“客观的，客观存在的”，D项initiative“主动的，自发的”；前面提到了subjective（主观的），那么可以推断出空格部分要填入一个与之相反的词语，这样才能构成一个完整的上下文逻辑关系。句意：身高越高，对工作表现的主观评价（主管对工作效率的评价）和对工作表现的客观评价（如销售额）都越高。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第8题:考查名词辨析。A项state“国家，情形”，B项status“地位，重要身份”，C项situation“情况，形势”，D项statue“雕像，塑像”；根据后面的greaterrespect（更多的尊重）可猜测，空格处部分表示“更高的地位”。句意：其他人可能也会给予高个子更高的地位和更多的尊重，这使他们在谈判中具有优势。因此，该题选择B项正确。

第9题:考查名词辨析。A项origin“起源，源点”，B项source“来源，水源”，C项course“课程”，D项organization“组织”；根据句子Thecommandinginfluenceofheightmaybearemainderofourevolutionary（）（身高的重要影响可能是我们进化……的残余）可猜测，空格处部分表示“起源，开端”。句意：身高的制胜作用可能是我们进化起源的一个遗留物。因此，该题选择A项正确。

第10题:考查词义辨析。A项atimein“在……一段时间”，B项aholdon“对……的控制”，C项aworkat“在……的一份工作”，D项asignof“一个……的象征，一个……的标志”；根据句子Maybefromatimewhenhumanslivedamonganimalsandsizewas（）powerandstrengthusedwhenmaking“fightorrun”decisions.（也许从人类和动物生活在一起的时候起，体型就是力量和强壮的……，在做出“战斗或逃跑”的决定时使用）可猜测，空格处部分表示“象征，标志”。句意：也许从人类和动物生活在一起的时候起，当做出“战斗或逃跑”的决定时，体型就是力量和强壮的象征。因此，该题选择D项正确。

9.单选题

Outsidetheoffice（

）probablyinherlate60s,wearingfashionableT-shirt.

问题1选项

A.stoodablondlady

B.sawablondlady

C.ablondladystood

D.foundablondlady

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。当句子以介词短语开头，需要完全倒装，也就是介词短语+动词+主语+剩余修饰成分，这里outsidetheoffice是介词短语，空格部分应根据句意是“站着一位金发碧眼的老妇人”，所以这里选项A“stoodablondlady”符合题意。

10.单选题

Reportersandphotographersaliketookgreat（）attherudewaytheactorbehavedduringtheinterview.

问题1选项

A.annoyance

B.offence

C.resentment

D.irritation

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。takeoffenceatsth.表示“对...感到生气”。句意:记者和摄影师都对演员在采访中的粗鲁行为感到十分生气。irritation一般与feel搭配，所以选项B正确。

11.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

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