考研考博-英语-大连民族大学考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连民族大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Themost

technologicalsuccessinthetwentiethcenturyisprobablythecomputerrevolution.

问题1选项

A.prominent

B.prosperous

C.productive

D.prevalent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Prominent“显著的，突出的”；prosperous“繁荣的，兴旺的”；productive“能生产的”；prevalent“流行的，普遍的”。句意：二十世纪最卓越的技术可能是计算机革命。选项A符合题意。

2.单选题

Your______inteachingisdifferentfrommine.

问题1选项

A.altitude

B.approach

C.fuel

D.lump

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项altitude“海拔高度”；B选项approach“（待人接物或思考问题的）方式，方法，态度”；C选项fuel“燃料”；D选项lump“（通常为无定形的）块”。句意：你的______和我的不同。根据语境，这里指的是两人在某方面不同，B选项approach“（待人接物或思考问题的）方式，方法，态度”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

3.单选题

Thoughheviewshimselfasarealist,Cetronsayshisfindingsmakehimvery（

）

aboutfuture.

问题1选项

A.optimistic

B.sympathetic

C.objective

D.precautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。optimistic“乐观的”；sympathetic“有同情心的”；objective“客观的”；precautious“警惕的，谨慎的”。句意：尽管认为自己是一个现实主义者，Cetron称他的发现让自己对未来非常乐观。由转折词Though及realist“现实主义者”可知空格处所填单词意思应与realist相反，现实主义者一般对未来不持乐观态度，故选项中“乐观的”正确，答案A

4.单选题

Anyearthquakethattakesplaceinanyareaiscertainlyregardedasakindofa（）event.

问题1选项

A.cholesterol

B.charcoal

C.catastrophic

D.chronic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。cholesterol胆固醇;charcoal木炭，炭笔：chronic慢性的，长期的；catastrophic灾难的，悲惨的。地震显然是一种自然灾害。故C项正确。句意：在任何地区发生的任何地震都被认为是一种灾难事件。

5.单选题

Thegreatestcontributiontocivilizationinthecenturymaywellbetheair-conditioning—andAmericanleadsjustasamazingisthespeedwithwhichthissituationcametobe.Air-conditioningbegantospreadinindustriesasaproductionaidduringWorldWarⅡ.TodaymostAmericansneedtotakeair-conditioningforgrantedtohomes,offices,factories,theatres,shops,studios,schools,hotels,andrestaurants.

ButnoteverybodyisawarethathighcostandeasycomfortaremerelytwooftheeffectsofthevastcoolingofAmerican.Infact,airconditioninghassubstantiallyalteredthecountry’scharacterandcustoms.

Manyofthebyproductsaresoconspicuousthattheyarescarcelynoticed.Tobeginwith,air-conditioningtransformedthefaceofAmericabymakingpossiblethoseglassy,boxy,sealed-inskyscrapers.Ithasbeenindispensable,noless,tothefunctioningofsensitiveadvancedcomputers,whosehighoperatingtemperaturesrequirethattheybeconstantlycooled.

Ithas,atwill,forcedfamiliesintoretreatingintofamilieswithcloseddoorsandshutwindows,reducingtheinteractionsofneighborhoodlife.Itisreallysurprisingthatthepublic’softennotedwithdrawalintoself-pursuitandprivacyhascoincidedwiththehistoricspreadofair-conditioning.Thoughsciencehaslittlestudiedhowhabitualair-conditioningaffectsmindandbody,somemedicalexpertssuggestthat,likeothertechnicalavoidanceofnaturalvariationsinclimate,air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress.Ifso,air-conditioningisonlylikemanyothergreatlyusefultechnicaldevelopmentsthatliberatemanfromnaturebyincreasinghisproductivityandpowerinsomeway—whileindirectlyweakeninghiminothers.

1.Accordingtothisselection,whichofthefollowingconstitutestheuniquecharacterofU.S.?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thechiefconsequencebroughtaboutbythewideapplicationofair-conditioningis________.

3.Thetoneofthisselectionrevealsthatair-conditioning________.

4.Whobenefitstheleastfromair-conditioningaccordingtotheauthor?

5.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardsair-conditioning?

问题1选项

A.Itsexcessiveuseofair-conditioning.

B.Itsadvancedcomputerizedcivilization.

C.Itspublic’sretreatingintoself-pursuit.

D.Itsgreatestcontributiontohumancivilization.

问题2选项

A.thelossofhumancapacitytoadapttochangesinclimate

B.thereductionofsocialcommunicationsofneighborhoodlife

C.theactivelifestyleofallitsusers

D.thedecreasedhumanproductionandpower

问题3选项

A.haslittleeffectonitsusers

B.hasmoreeffectonbodythanonmind

C.bringsmorebenefitsthandamagetoitsusers

D.doesharmaswellasgoodtoitsusers

问题4选项

A.Factorylaborers.

B.Consumers.

C.Medicalexperts.

D.Manufacturers.

问题5选项

A.Critical.

B.Compromising.

C.Neutral.

D.Objective.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第二句Infact,airconditioninghassubstantiallyalteredthecountry’scharacterandcustoms.（事实上，空调已经极大地改变了这个国家的性格和习俗。），可知空调在很大程度上影响着美国，A选项“空调的过多使用”正确。B选项“先进的计算机文明”：根据第三段最后一句Ithasbeenindispensable,noless,tothefunctioningofsensitiveadvancedcomputers,whosehighoperatingtemperaturesrequirethattheybeconstantlycooled.（对于灵敏的高级计算机来说，它是必不可少的，因为它们的高工作温度需要不断地冷却。），可知这里指的是计算机需要空调，而不是计算机影响美国。C选项“公众的自我追求”和D选项“它对人类文明的最大贡献”：文中没有提到公众的自我追求对美国的影响，也没有提到美国对人类的贡献。因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Ithas,atwill,forcedfamiliesintoretreatingintofamilieswithcloseddoorsandshutwindows,reducingtheinteractionsofneighborhoodlife.（它随意地迫使家庭退回到门窗紧闭的家庭中，减少了社区生活的互动。），可知空调减少了人们在社区间的交流，B选项“社区生活中社会交流的减少”符合文章内容。A选项“人类适应气候变化能力的丧失”：根据第四段第三句air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress（空调可能会降低人类适应压力的能力），可知空调会降低人的适应力，但不至于到丧失的地步。C选项“所有用户积极的生活方式”：文中没有具体提到空调让人的生活方式变得更积极还是消极，这不是文章表达的重点。D选项“减少人类生产和力量”：根据文章最后一句air-conditioning…liberatemanfromnaturebyincreasinghisproductivityandpowerinsomeway（空调……通过在某些方面提高人的生产力和力量，把人从自然中解放出来），可知空调提高人的生产力和力量。因此B选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Ifso,air-conditioning…liberatemanfromnaturebyincreasinghisproductivityandpowerinsomeway—whileindirectlyweakeninghiminothers.（如果是这样的话，空调……通过在某些方面提高人的生产力和力量，把人从自然中解放出来，而在其他方面间接地削弱了人的能力。），可知空调有利有弊，D选项“对用户来说有利有弊”正确；没有分别点出利弊的程度有多深，C选项“对用户来说利大于弊”错误。根据文章倒数第二句Thoughsciencehaslittlestudiedhowhabitualair-conditioningaffectsmindandbody,somemedicalexpertssuggestthat…air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress.（尽管科学上很少研究习惯性的空调是如何影响身心的，但一些医学专家认为……空调可能会降低人类适应压力的能力。），前文也提到空调减少社区生活的互动，可知空调对人的身心都有影响，但没有点出对哪方面的影响更大，A选项“对其用户没有什么影响”错误和B选项“对身体的影响比对精神的影响大”错误。因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Air-conditioningbegantospreadinindustriesasaproductionaidduringWorldWarⅡ.（在第二次世界大战期间，空调作为一种生产援助开始在工业中传播），制造商可以从中赚钱，D选项“制造商”错误。根据第一段最后一句TodaymostAmericansneedtotakeair-conditioningforgrantedtohomes,offices,factories,theatres,shops,studios,schools,hotels,andrestaurants.（如今，大多数美国人在家庭、办公室、工厂、剧院、商店、工作室、学校、酒店和餐馆都需要空调。），工厂工人可以在夏天仍然享受舒服的室温，A选项“工厂工人”错误。根据第四段第三句somemedicalexpertssuggestthat,likeothertechnicalavoidanceofnaturalvariationsinclimate,air-conditioningmaydamagethehumancapacitytoadapttostress.（但有的医学专家认为，就像其他躲避气候自然变化的技术一样，空调可能会损害人类适应压力的能力。），医学专家可以以空调带给人的影响做研究，C选项“医学专家”错误。纵观全文，作者点出空调带给用空调的人的各种坏处，比如减少社区互动、降低适应压力的能力等，所以消费者受益最小，B选项“消费者”符合文章内容。因此B选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】观点态度题。文章提到空调成本高昂、带来的舒适性小，减少了人们的交流，降低了人们适应压力的能力，罗列出很多缺点，却没有提到空调给人们带来的具有建设性的优点，A选项“批评”正确，B选项“折衷”和C选项“中立”错误。D选项“客观”：带有批判性就不是客观的态度。因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

Thecorespiritwasthatbusinessesshouldalwaysbepermittedtodevelopanyarea（）profitscouldbefound,and（）thiswasthemostefficientuseofresourcesforaneconomy.

问题1选项

A.when...what

B.that...which

C.where...that

D.forwhich...where

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知第一个空格引导定语从句，修饰前面的名字area，所以应该填入关系副词where，表示“在这个领域”，选项A、B和D可排除。第二个空格引导的表语从句和前面的表语从句形成并列关系，所以也应该由引导词that引导。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

2.

问题1选项

A.Hehasaterriblebackache.

B.Hehasabadheadache.

C.Hehasatoothache.

D.Hehasadiarrhea.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Whattimewouldyourdoctorbeintoday?

W:Heishereafter2:30.Doyouneedtoseehimtoday?

M:Yesmybackiskillingme.

Q:What’stheman’sproblem?

【解析】男士说：Yesmybackiskillingme(我的背疼死了)，故选A。

8.单选题

oncerningspeculation,philosophylooksuponthingsfromthebroadestpossibleperspective;forcriticism,ithasthetwofoldroleofquestioningandjudgingeverythingthatpertainseithertothefoundationsortothesuperstructureofhumanthinking.

问题1选项

A.inebriates

B.forsakes

C.relates

D.emaciates

【答案】C

【解析】Pertain作为后半句的定语从句中的谓语动词，后面有to与之相搭配。选项中常与to搭配的只有relate。A选项inebriate“灌醉，使陶醉”；B选项forsake“放弃，断念”；C选项relate“有联系，涉及”；D选项emaciate“使消瘦”。从句意上来说，也只有C选项relate相符合。

9.单选题

Theteachersuggestedthatherstudents（）experienceswithESP.

问题1选项

A.writeacompositionontheir

B.towritecompositionaboutthe

C.wrotesomecompositionsofhisorher

D.hadwrittenanycompositionsforhis考查虚拟语气。表示建议、要求、命令相关的单词+that引导的宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气。其形式是should（可以省略）+动词原形。句意：老师建议她的学生写一篇关于他们有关ESP经历的作文。所以本题的正确答案是A选项。

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。表示建议、要求、命令相关的单词+that引导的宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气。其形式是should（可以省略）+动词原形。句意：老师建议她的学生写一篇关于他们有关ESP经历的作文。所以本题的正确答案是A选项。

10.单选题

Thisbook,______onlyappearedayearago,hasalreadygonethroughseveraleditions.

问题1选项

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.who

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。根据这个句子可知主谓结构完整，所以空格部分为定语从句；因为主语books后面有逗号，所以这是一个非限制性定语从句且先行词为物，故排除A、D选项；C项when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，不符合先行词books；故只有B项正确。句意：这本书一年前才面市，就已经修订好几次了。因此，该题选择B项正确。

11.翻译题

Francehasastrongregionalidentity.WhenaFrenchmantalksof”monpays"（mycountry）,heismorelikelytobereferringtotheareainwhichhegrewupthantothenationasawhole.SoNormandy（诺曼底）remainsresolutelyNorman.Brittany（布列塔尼）defiantlyBreton,andthevillagesofthesouthdecidedlycontrary.

Andbecauseofthislocalsenseofbeing,thebakerfromanotherregionbeyondthehillswillberegardedasmuchofaforeignerasthewelcomevisitorfromoverseas,clutchingaguidebook.Andregionalprideguaranteesthatshopkeepers,restaurateursandeventheoldmanplayingpetanque（滚球游戏）onadustyvillagesquarewillupgradethewelcometoanystrangerifonlytoprovethattheirregionistheonlytrueFrance.

You'llsoondiscoverthat,asmuchasthelandscape,itisthelocalfoodthatdefineseachregionofFrance.Chanceencountersaresometimesthebest一comingacrossastrawberryfairinthenorth,oranolivemarketinthesouth;happeninguponmonkstendingtheirvinesinawalledclos（庄园）fillingcuppedpalmsandanysparebottleswithmineralwaterinaspa-resort（温泉胜地）；orwatchingthemorningcatchspillontoaharborquayside（码头区）.

【答案】法国每个区域都有其强烈的特色。当一个法国人谈起“我的国家”，他很有可能指的是他所成长的区域，而非整个法国。因此诺曼底人一定会说起诺曼底区，布列塔尼人会直率的指出他是来自布列塔尼区，以及所有南方地区的村庄都是如此。

正因为区域意识的存在，从山的另一边的区域而来的面包师会被当地人当作手持旅行指南的外国人，或是受欢迎的海外观光客。区域的自豪感使得店主和饭店老板，甚至是正在满是灰尘的广场上玩滚球游戏的老人，都会增加对任何一个陌生人的欢迎程度，只要能证明他们所在的区域才是真正的法国。

你很快就会发现，和地图一样，每个地区的食物将每个地区区分开来。有时偶然碰上的反而是最好的！比如你在北部偶遇的草莓集市，或是在南部发现的橄榄集市；又比如碰巧在围墙内的庄园中遇见僧人正在照料葡萄藤，葡萄遍布在凹陷的棕榈植物中间，或是品尝了在温泉胜地中用多余的瓶子盛的矿泉水；又比如你恰巧看到清晨在码头区打捞后的漏网之鱼。

12.单选题

Endangeredspeciesareplantsandanimalsthatareinimmediatedangerofextinction.Extinctionisactuallyanormalprocessinthecourseofevolution.Sincetheformationoftheearth,manymorespecieshavebecomeextinctthanthoseexisttoday.Thesespeciesslowlydisappearedbecauseofchangesofclimateandtheirfailuretoadapttosuchconditionsascompetitionandpredation（捕食）.Sincethe1600s,however,theprocessofextinctionhasgreatlyacceleratedasaresultofbothhumanpopulationgrowthandtechnologicalencroachment（侵犯）onnaturalecologysystems.Todaythemajorityoftheworld’senvironmentsarechangingfasterthantheabilityofmostspeciestoadapttosuchchangesthroughnaturalselection.

Speciesbecomeextinctorendangeredforanumberofreasons,buttheprimarycauseisthedestructionofnaturalhabitats（栖息地）.Drainageofwetlands（沼泽地），cuttingandclearingofforests,growthofcities,andhighwayanddamconstructionhaveseriouslyreducedavailablenaturalhabitats.Asthevarioussurroundingsbecomefragments,theremaininganimalpopulationscrowdintosmallerareas,causingfurtherdestructionofnaturalsurroundings.Speciesinthesesmallislandslosecontactwithotherpopulationsoftheirownkind,thusreducingtheirgeneticvariationandmakingthemlessadaptabletoenvironmentchanges.

Sincethe1600s,commercialexploitationofanimalsforfoodandotherproductshascausedmanyspeciestobecomeextinctorendangered.Introduceddiseasesandparasiteshavealsogreatlyreducedsomespecies.Pollutionisanotherimportantcauseoftheirextinction.

Someprivateandgovernmentaleffortshavebeenorganizedtosavedecliningspecies.Lawsweremadeinsomecountriesintheearly1900stoprotectwildanimalsfromcommercialtradeandkilling.InternationalendeavorsareshownintheConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpecies,approvedby51nations.Itspurposeistorestrictexploitationofwildanimalsandplantsbyregulatingandrestrictingtradeincertainspecies.Howeffectivesuchlawswillbeinvariouscountries,however,dependsonenforcement（实施）andsupportbythepeopleandthecourts.Becauseofalackoflawenforcement,thewillingnessofsomesegmentsofsocietytotradeinendangeredspecies,theactivitiesofpeoplewhocatchandkillanimalsillegallyanddealerswhosupplythetrade,thefutureofmanyspeciesisindoubtinspiteoflegalprotection.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorcausingtherapidextinctionofmanspeciessincethe17thcentury?

2.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theword“islands”refersto_______.

3.Thispassagementionsallofthefollowingreasonsthatcausetheextinctionofmanspeciesexcept______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingismostimportantinsavingdecliningspecies?

5.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheprospectofprotectingendangeredspeciesfrombeingextinct?

问题1选项

A.Humanbeingsarenotawareoftheimportanceofpreservingendangeredspecies.

B.Someendangeredspecieshavealreadyreachedtheendoftheirlifespaninevolution.

C.Thedevelopmentofhumansocietyhasgreatlyaffectednaturalecologysystems.

D.Theworld’sclimatehaschangedsogreatlythatmostspeciescannotsurvive.

问题2选项

A.thelandsthatarecompletelysurroundedbywater

B.thewildanimals’breedinggroundsprotectedbylaw

C.thepiecesoflandseparatedbymodembuildingsandroads

D.thesmallandisolatedareasinhabitedbycertainspecies

问题3选项

A.naturalselectionofspecies

B.variousnaturaldisasters

C.commercialtradeandkilling

D.destructionofnaturalsurroundings

问题4选项

A.Governmentsshouldmakesomelawstoprotectendangeredspecies.

B.Peopleshouldpaymoreattentiontotheprotectionofnaturalsurroundings.

C.Relevantlawsmustbemadeandenforcedwiththesupportofthepeople.

D.Someorganizationsshouldwarnpeoplenottotradeinendangeredanimals.

问题5选项

A.Worried.

B.Optimistic.

C.Indifferent.

D.Confident.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第五句，“theprocessofextinctionhasgreatlyacceleratedasaresultofbothhumanpopulationgrowthandtechnologicalencroachmentonnaturalecologysystems.”，可知灭绝速度加快的原因是人类人口的增长和科学技术对自然生态系统的侵犯。选项C符合题意。

2.语义题。根据第二段第三句，“Asthevarioussurroundingsbecomefragments,theremaininganimalpopulationscrowdintosmallerareas…”，可知环境变成了碎片，剩下的动物聚集在更小的区域里，下文的smallislands就是指这些区域。根据“Speciesinthesesmallislandslosecontactwithotherpopulationsoftheirownkind”，可知生活在这个小区域里的物种与其他同类中种群失去了联系。所以是孤立的。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。考查对物种灭绝的原因的理解。根据文章第一段第一句，“anormalprocessinthecourseofevolution”，可知物种灭绝是进化中的一个正常过程，选项A可排除。根据第二段第一句，“…thedestructionofnaturalhabitats…”，栖息地的破坏也是物种灭绝的原因，选项D可排除。根据文章最后一段第二句，“…protectwildanimalsfromcommercialtradeandkilling.”，商业买卖和杀害也是原因，选项C可排除。选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“Howeffectivesuchlawswillbeinvariouscountries,however,dependsonenforcementandsupportbythepeopleandthecourts.”，使法律有效发挥作用的关键在于人们和法院的实施和支持，所以相关法律需要在人们的支持下制定和实施是最重要的。选项C符合题意。

5.作者态度题。根据文章最后一段最后一句，“thefutureofmanyspeciesisindoubtinspiteoflegalprotection.”，可知作者认为尽管有法律保护，许多物种的未来仍然尚存疑问。所以作者是担忧的态度。选项A符合题意。

13.填空题

Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreamingpupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefact

thatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.Itcanhaveabadeffectonboththebrightandthenot-so-brightchild.Afterall,itcanbequite

A

B

C

discouragedtobeatthebottomofthetopGrade!

D

【答案】Ddiscouraged改为discouraging

【解析】【考查点】形容词。

【解题思路】discouraged的意思为“沮丧的，气馁的”，指的是人自己的感受，discouraging的意思为“使人沮丧的，令人气馁的”，指的是某个事物令人沮丧，这里指的是倒数第一这件事令人沮丧，因此D部分应为“discouraging”。

【句意】我们认为把学生按成绩分班有很多弊端。这没有考虑到儿童发展的速度不同这一事实。这对聪明的孩子和不那么聪明的孩子都有消极的影响。毕竟，在高手如云的班级中倒数第一这件事，相当令人沮丧！

14.单选题

5.

问题1选项

A.Inahotel.

B.Atafastfoodbar.

C.Inthesupermarket.

D.Inthedepartmentstore.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Ican’tfindtheinstantsoup.

W:Didyoulooknexttothecannedsoup?

M:Ilookedthere.Butthereisn'tanythingontheshelf.

W:Whydon’tyoutrythespicesection?Itoughttobethere.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

【解析】推断题。对话中出现的关键词有：instantsoup(速溶汤粉)，cannedsoup(罐装浓汤)，spicesection(香料货架)，由此推测对话发生在自选超市。

15.单选题

Itisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthoselivingin（

）populatedareas.

问题1选项

A.densely

B.intensely

C.abundantly

D.highly

【答案】A

【解析】densely浓密地，密集地；intensely强烈地，紧张地，热情地；abundantly丰富地，大量地；highly高度地；非常。句意：人们普遍认为住在小城镇的人似乎比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好。选项A符合句意。

16.单选题

Justinwasalwaysprepared.Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout:youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullofflatbicycletires,benttennisrackets.Deflatedbasketballs,andgameswithmissingpiecesthatyoucouldbarelygetinthedoor.Hisparentspleadedwithhimtocleanouthisroom.

“Whatuseisafishtankwithaholeinthebottom?”hisfatherasked.ButJustinsimplysmiledandrepeatedhismotto,“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy.”

WhenJustinwasawayfromhome,healwayscarriedhisbluebackpack.Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.Itwassowornandstretchedthatithardlyresembledabackpackanymore.Itwasfullofthekindofthingsthatseemedunimportant,butwhenusedwithalittleimagination,mightcomeinhandy.

Justinhadearnedareputationforfiguringthingsoutandgettingpeopleoutofotherwisehopelesssituations.Manyofhisclassmatesandneighborssoughthimoutwhentheyneededhelpwithaproblem.Onthefirstdayofschool,hisfriendKenny,camelookingforJustin.

“Doyouthinkyouhavesomethinginyourbagthatcouldhelpmeremembermylockercombination?”heasked.“Ilostthescrapofpaperitwaswrittenon.IhavescienceclassintwominutesandifI’mlateonthefirstdayit’llmakemelookbadfortherestoftheyear.”Kennylookedgenuinelyworried.

“Relax”,Justinsaid,takinghisbackpackoffandunzippingthetop.“Rememberhowyouborrowedmynotebookinhomeroomtowritethecombinationdown?Well.Iknowhowwecanrecoverwhatyouwrote.”

Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag.ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook.Justinheldthepencilonitssideandrubbeditlightlyovertheindentations.Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite,setoffbythegraypencilrubbings.

“That’samazing!”Kennysaid.“Ioweyouone.”Andhedashedofftoopenhislocker.

1.WhyisJustin’sroomsuchamess?

2.Theword“pleaded”inParagraph1canbestbereplaceby

（

）.

3.InwhatwayisJustin’sbackpackasmallerversionofhisbedroom?

4.HowdoesJustinhelphisfriends?

5.HowcomeJustincouldhelpKennyrecoverhislockercombination?

问题1选项

A.Healwaysforgetstoclean.

B.Heneverthrowsanythingaway.

C.Hehasnotimetoclean.

D.Hesharesaroomwithhisbrother.

问题2选项

A.ignored

B.asked

C.pushed

D.begged

问题3选项

A.Heusesitasaplacetostoreobjects.

B.Heusesittocarryhisbooksandsportsequipment.

C.Hisparentstellhimtocleanitallthetime.

D.He’shadforaslongashecanremember.

问题4选项

A.Heoffersthemadvices.

B.Heloansthemhisbackpack.

C.Helistenstotheirproblem.

D.Heusedtheobjectsinhisbackpack.

问题5选项

A.JustinrememberedKenny’slockercombination.

B.KennyhadleftthescrapofpaperinJustin’sbackpack.

C.KennyhadleftindentationsofthecombinationonJustin’snotebook.

D.Justinfoundthescrapofpaperthelockercombinationwaswrittenon.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。问：为什么Justin的房间很乱，定位到文章第一段第二句Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullof…（他的座右铭是“永远不要扔掉任何东西，你永远不知道它什么时候会派上用场”。他的卧室里满是……）可知原因是B“他从不扔掉任何东西”。A项“他总是忘记打扫”，C项“没有时间打扫”，D项“他和他弟弟共享一个房间”，文中均未体现。

2.语义推测题。plead“恳求，乞求”；只有D项“恳求，乞求”与之意思相同，此外根据文章第一段所讲内容，可以知道他的父母是恳求他清理房间，所以此处的pleaded可以用begged代替。A项“忽视”；B项“询问；请求”；C项“推”均不符合。

3.细节事实题。题目问题：Justin的背包以何种方式被看作是房间的缩小版。定位到文章第三段第二句Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.（他喜欢把它想象成卧室的缩小版——一个存放他收集的许多物品的地方）可知答案为A“他把它当作存放物品的地方”。B项“他用它来装书和运动器材”，文章未提及；C项“他父母叫他一直打扫”和D项“从他记事起他就一直带着这个”，均不符合题意。

4.细节事实题。问题：Justin是怎样帮助他的朋友的。定位到文章第七段第一句“Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag…”（他从包里拿出笔记本和一支软铅笔……）可知他是用他包里的一些东西来帮助他的朋友，因此D“他用了包里的东西”为正确答案。A项“他给了建议”和B项“他把他的包借给了他们”，文中并未提及；C项“他倾听了他们的问题”，文中他不仅仅倾听了他们的问题，而且用行动帮助了他们，故C项错误。

5.细节事实题。定位到文章倒数第二段最后三句ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook…Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite…（Kenny写的那一页在笔记本的另一页上留下了模糊的凹痕……储物柜组合的数字慢慢地但肯定地以白色出现）可知答案为C“肯尼在贾斯汀的笔记本上留下了这个组合的凹痕”。A项“贾斯汀记得肯尼的储物柜密码组合”，B项“肯尼把纸片留在了贾斯汀的背包里”，D项“贾斯汀找到了写着储物柜密码的纸片”，均不符合文意。

17.单选题

Inherlong,butultimatelytriumphantcareer,shehasbeenforcedtosmugglebirthcontrolsuppliesunderherclothing.

问题1选项

A.forceful

B.insightful

C.successful

D.influential

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.forceful强有力的，坚强的B.insightful有深刻了解的，富有洞察力的

C.successful获得成功的，有成就的D.influential有很大影响的，有支配力的

【答案】C

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】triumphant的意思为“大获全胜的，巨大成功的”，这里指她在职业生涯中取得巨大成功，successful与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】在她漫长但最终成功的职业生涯中，她曾被迫在衣服下走私节育用品。

18.单选题

Thereislikelytobetensionbetweenlandlordandtenant,betweenlargelandownersandimpecuniouspeasants.

问题1选项

A.petty

B.modicum

C.impoverished

D.frolicsome

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项petty“琐碎的；小气的；小规模的”；B选项modicum“（n.）少量，一点点”；C选项impoverished“穷困的；用尽了的，无创造性的”；D选项frolicsome“嬉戏的，爱闹着玩的”。句意：地主和佃户之间、大地主和贫穷的农民之间可能会出现紧张关系。impecunious“没有钱的；贫穷的”。C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确。

19.单选题

“（

）arevisitorsallowedtofeedtheanimals."Thewarningcanbeseenonthesignboardinfromeverycage.

问题1选项

A.Inanytime

B.Innotime

C.Onnoaccount

D.Onanyaccount

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。inanytime在任何时候；innotime立刻；onnoaccount绝不；onanyaccount任何情况下。句意：“决不允许游客给动物喂食”，每一个笼子前面都可以看到这种警示语。C项符合句意，答案C

20.单选题

IrecentlyconductedasurveytoseewhatpeoplethoughtandknewaboutMartinLutherKing,Jr.IdidthisbybringingupthesubjectofMLKDayincasualconversationswithpeopleandgaugingtheirreaction.(Thesamplingwas23friends,colleagues,andstrangers;10Black,9White,3Hispanic,1Asian;4werebetweentheages42-35and19were34-20.)AllknewKingasthefamousblackcivilrightsleaderwhowaskilled,butfewknewmuchmore.Themajorityofpeopleunder30—regardlessofrace—knewlittlemore,infact.

HowisitthatJill(black,27,collegeeducated)didnotknowthatMLKwasaNobelPeacePrizerecipient?OrthatTim(white,31,collegeeducated)wascluelessaboutKing’snonviolentapproachtocivilrightsactivism?

Darlene(black,23)thoughtsheshouldhavethedayofftosleepin.ShehadnoideatheMLKdayisreallyaboutdoingsomethingtoinspireothers.

Whatisthepointofhavingadaytomarkthemanifwedonotunderstandthesignificanceofhislife?HowisitthatnotonlyoneofthegreatestAmericans,butoneofthemostinfluentialhumansinthehistoryofourplanetisnotbetterknowninthiscountry?HadKingbeenafootballplayeroramusician,hemayhaveregisteredbetterwiththepresentgeneration.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.wasmorethanjustaninspirationalblackleader.Hisdesireandabilitytoriseabovehisownfailingsandthoseoffellowhumansupliftedusall—boththosewhowerelivingatthetimeandthosewhohavecomeafter.Evenifwedonotknowit,ourworldisabetterplacebecauseofhislight.

Dr.King’slifewasextinguishedmorethan30yearsago,butnothislight.Itisstillhereforeachofustocarry,andtoilluminateevenbrighterwithourownuniquecreativityandcontributions.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.wasbornonJanuary15,1929inAtlanta,Georgia.AftergraduatingfromMorehouseCollegeandbecomingaminister,hemadehiswaytoMontgomery,Alabamain1954.Thiswasanimportantdecisionforitwasinthesamecitythat,onDecember1ofthefollowingyear,RosaParksrefusedtogiveupherbusseattoawhiteman.KingwaselectedpresidentoftheMontgomeryImprovementAssociationandledaboycottofMontgomerybusesthroughout1956,whichbroughthimnationalrecognition.

King’slegacyofnon-violentactivismwasinfluencedbytheteachingsofJesusandGandhi.KingreinforcedandexpandedhisBiblicalconvictionsduringavisittoIndiain1959,wherehestudiedGandhi’smethodsofnon-violentprotestsduringtheearly1960’s.

Agiftedorator,KingignitedtheworldandagenerationinthecauseforAmericancivilrightswithhis“IHaveaDream”speechonAug281963toacrowdof250000inWashington,D.C.

“Wemustforeverconductourstruggleonthehighplaneofdignityanddiscipline.Wemustnotallowourcreativeproteststodegenerateintophysicalviolence.Againandagainwemustrisetothemajesticheightsofmeetingphysicalforcewithsoulforce”...“Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed:Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident:thatallmenarecreatedequal.”...“Whenweletfreedomring,whenweletitringfromeveryvillageandeveryhamlet,fromeverystateandeverycity,wewillbeabletospeedupthatdaywhenallofGod’schildren,blackmenandwhitemen,JewsandGentiles,ProtestantsandCatholics,willbeabletojoinhandsandsinginthewordsoftheoldNegrospiritual,‘Freeatlast!Freeatlast!ThankGodAlmighty,wearefreeatlast!’”

Dr.KingreceivedtheNobelPeacePrizeandwasnamedTimemagazine’s“PersonoftheYear”in1964.InhisNobelPrizeacceptancespeech,hesaid,“Non-violenceistheanswertothecrucialpoliticalandmoralquestionsofourtime:theneedformantoovercomeoppressionandviolence