人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练-必修1unit4

人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练-必修1unit4人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练必修一Unit4湛江宁舒怡定语从句（I）一、定义：在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。本单元要掌握的关系代词以下：that,which,who,whom,whose.关系词常有三个作用：(1)连接主从句；(2)指代先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。二．关系代词的用法that指人、指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语常常可省略。Thebike(that)Iboughtyesterdayisveryexpensive.（作宾语）Doyouknowthewomanthattalkedwithyoujustnow.（作主语）2．which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语常常可省略。Chinaisacountrywhichhasthelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.(作主语)中国是世界上人口最多的国家。Thecar(which)myfatherhadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.(作宾语)我父亲刚买的小汽车在地震中被损坏了。3．who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语常常可省略。Themanwhoistalkingwithmyfatherismyuncle.(作主语)正在与我父亲发言的那个人是我叔叔。Theprofessorwho(whom/that)youwishtoseehasgoneabroad.(作宾语)你希看见到的那位教授出国了。4．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，Heistheman(whom)youarelookingfor.(作宾语)他就是你正在搜寻的那个人。Thewoman(whom)yousawjustnowintheclassroomisourEnglishteacher.(作宾语)你刚刚在教室里看见的那位女士是我们的英语老师。5．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。Thisistheboywhosefatherisadoctor.(作定语，指人)这就是那位父亲是医生的男孩。Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.(作定语，指物)他住在一个窗子朝南的房间里。三．关系代词that与which指物时用法差异：1/5人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练-必修1unit4（一）只用that不用which的情况1．当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词或由every,all,any,few,much等修饰时。HaveyousetdowneverythingthatMrLisaid?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的都做了。2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedGuangzhouwastheBaiYunMountain.在广州他们参观的第一个地方是白云山。3．当先行词被形容词最高等修饰时。ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我看过的最难看的电影。4．当先行词被thevery,theonly等词修饰时。IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday.我已找到昨天丢的那支钢笔。TheonlysubjectthatIamnotinterestedinismaths.我唯一不感兴趣的科目是数学。5．当先行词前面有who,which等疑问词时。Whoisthemanthatisstandingunderthetree?站在树下的那个人是谁？Whichisthehotelthatyoustayedatlastweek?上周你住的是哪一家酒店？6．当先行词既指人，又指物时。Theteacheraskedustotalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwesawduringourtrip老师叫我们谈一谈我们旅途中所看到的人和事。（二）只用which,不用that的情况1）非限制性定语从句中指物2）指代前面整个句子3）关系词前有介词4）一个句子中含有两个定语从句，已使用一个关系代词that,另一个则用which四．指人时只能用who不用that的情况：先行词为one,ones,those,anyone,he时Thosewhobreakthelawmustbepunished.违纪者必然遇各处分。Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。特别提示：当关系词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词形式要与先行词形式一致，比方：1.Thosewhohavefinishedworkmaygohome.2.Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.2/5人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练-必修1unit4对应练习(原创题）一．填空。在每个空格上填上一个合适的关系词。Lookatthatboy______nameisMike.Heisateacher_________welikeverymuch.Those_____werelateforschoolstayhereafterclass..Thatisallthemoney______Ihave.Lookattheboyandhisdog_____arecomingthisway.6.Youcanreadanybook_____Ihaveintheroom,butyoucan’ttakeanyoutofit.7．Anyonedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.8．OnthetrainIsawalittlegirlwascrying.9．Thisisthemostinterestingmovie__________Ihaveeverseen.10．Thepenyouboughtyesterdayisthesameasmine11.Theapples_________areinthisbasketareasbigasinthatone.12.Theman_________youshookhandswithismybrother.13.Theoldhouse________windowswereallbrokenwasbuiltin1950s.14.Heistheteacher_____________weshouldlearnfrom.15.Iwillneverforgetthekind-heartedman__________gavemealotofhelpwhenIwasintrouble.16.Theradio_____partsaretoosmalltobeseencan’tberepaired.17.Whoisthegirl________issweepingtheflooroverthere?18.Finally,themantoldmeeverything__________heknew.19.Mr.Liispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimandall________youhavetoldhim.20.Doyouliketheskirt________colorisyellow?二．单句改错增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把节余的词用横线（——）划掉。更正：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出更正后的词。1．Thehousewhichdoorfacestotheeastismine.2．Childrendowellinschoolarelikedbytheirteachers.3．Thestorythatyoutoldmeitjustnowisinteresting..4．SheisoneoftheteacherswhoknowsJapaneseinourschool.5.ThemancameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.3/5人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练-必修1unit46.Thestudentswhomareplayingfootballontheplaygroundareverystrong.7.Theteacherasksustopayattentiontoeverythingwhichhedoes.8.Thisisthebestmethodwhichhasbeenusedagainstairpollution.9.Shesaidtoherparentsthatshewouldnotmarryanyonethatshedidn’tlove.10.Theboywhoglasseswerebrokenboughtanewpairyesterday.三．依照汉语提示完成句子。正站在我傍边的男孩是李平。Theboy_________________________________isLiPing.我们要赶忙地为那些在地震中房子被毁的人供应帮助。Weshouldhelpthose_________________________intheearthquakeassoonaspossible他就是你正在搜寻的那个人。Heistheman___________________________________________.我认识那个护士，她的丈夫是医生。Iknowthatnurse___________________________________.广州是一座有2000多年历史的大城市。Guangzhouisabigcity__________________________ahistoryofmorethan2000years.他给我讲了好多我从未听过的人和事。Hetoldmemanypersonsandthings__________________________________________.刚刚跟你说话的那个男子是谁？Whoistheman______________________________________?住在楼下的那个老人很好相处。Theoldman___________________________________iseasytogetalongwith.你昨天看中的房子卖掉了。Thehouse___________________________hasbeensold.他想买一辆颜色是金灰色的小车。Hewantstobuyacar_________________________isgoldengray.4/5人教版高中英语同步语法精讲精练-必修1unit4参照答案一．1.whose2.(who/whom/that)3.who4.(that)5.that6.(that)7.who8.who/that9.(that)10.(that/which)11.that/which12.(who/whom/that)13.whose14.(who/whom/that)15.who/that16.whose17.that18.(that)19.(that)20.whose二1．Thehousewhichdoorfacestotheeastismine.whose2．Children∧dowellinschoolarelikedbytheirteachers.who/that3．Thestorythatyoutoldmeitjustnowisinteresting..4．SheisoneoftheteacherswhoknowsJapaneseinourschool.know5.Theman∧cameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.who/that6.Thestudentswhoareplayingfootballontheplaygroundisverystrong.are7.Theteacherasksustopayattentiontoeverythingwhichhedoes.that8.Thisisthebestmethodwhichhasbeenusedagainstairpollution.that9.Shesaidtoherparentsthatshewoul