人教版英语中考语法专题复习之非谓语动词 学案

人教版Goforit英语中考语法专题复习之非谓语动词非谓语动词就是在句子中不充当谓语的动词。它不受主语的限制，也没有像谓语动词那样的时态和语态的变化，又称为非限定动词，在句子中可以作_________、__________、__________、__________、_________和__________。非谓语动词包括三种形式：____________、____________和_____________。一、动词不定式的常考考点：不定式的结构： 肯定__________否定________________ 特殊疑问词+todo(whatsbcandosth)Cathydoesn’tknowwheretogotomorrow=Cathydoesn’tknow_______________________________tomorrow.2.不定式的用法：（1）做主语：TolearnEnglish______(be)noteasyforChinesestudents.=It’snoteasyforChinesestudentstolearnEnglish.(2)做表语：Theteacher’sjobistoteachthestudents.（3）做宾语:常见的动词有：ask,decide,know,want,try,need等：Weliketofightforourfuture.(4)做宾补:常见的有：ask/tell/ordersb.todosthask/tell/ordersb.nottodosthTheteacherasksusnottospeakinclass. 注意：make/let/have+sb+do.(必须省to)Theboyoftenmakeshislittlesisterlaugh.(5)做定语:常见的有：havesthtodo有……要做agoodplace/timetodosth做……的好地方/时间thefirst/second/thirdtodosth第一个/二个做……的……Ihavenothingtosay.注意：不定式做定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以如果不定式是不及物动词，则要加上相应的介词。Iwantapentowritewith.(6)做状语，表示目的状语。MyfatherwillgotoBeijingtodosomebusiness.表示原因状语。主语+be+adj.+(forsb.)+todosth。TomTangiseasyforustostaywith.注意：不定式做原因状语与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以如果不定式是不及物动词，则要加上相应的介词。Theballiseasyforchildrentoplaywith.3.动词不定式省to的情况：(1)Whynotdo…?=___________________________为什么不……？(2)hadbetter+(not)+do+…?_____________________________________(3)wouldrather+do+…?_______________________________(4)Could/Can/Would/Will/youplease+(not)+dosth…?请做（不要）做…好吗？(5)使役动词和感官动词省to的：一感：__________ 二听：__________、__________________三使：_______、________、_______ 四看：________、_________、__________、____________注意：主动语态中要省to，而被动语态中则要加to.Tinaoftenmakeshersisterdohousework,butsometimesshewasmadetodoitbyhersister.4．常用不定式的句型：(1)________________________________太…而不能…(2)________________________________足够…可以做…(3)________________________________对…来说做…很…(4)________________________________轮到某人做某事了(5)________________________________该做…的时间了(6)________________________________花了某人多少时间做某事二．V-ing/not+V-ing.------动名词1.用法：（1）做主语Walking______(be)agoodwaytoexercisefortheold.(2)做表语。Myfavoritesportsisplayingsoccerball.(3)做宾语。做动词的宾语，常见的动词有：完成实践值得忙：_______、________、__________________、____________________继续习惯别放弃：____________、_____________________、_____________考虑建议不禁想：__________、___________、____________________________、__________________喜欢思念要介意：___________、__________、_________另外：________________________________花时间做某事________________________________做…很开心___________________________________________做…有问题/麻烦/困难___________________________________________做…很艰难介词+V-ing.(4)做定语：表示用途，所属等。Heisinthelivingroom.Weneedtogetadrivinglicense.三．分词1．分类：现在分词和过去分词。2.用法：（1）做定语：现在分词做定语表示_____动；过去分词做定语表示______动。单个的分词放在被修饰的名词前；短语分词放在被修饰的词的后面。Doyouknowtheboystandingbythedoor?DoyouknowthemancalledBillGates?(2)做状语：如果与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主动关系用_________________；如果与句子的主语构成被动关系，要用________________。Thestudentswentintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing._________fromthetopofthehill,thecityisverybeautiful._________fromthetopofthehill,wefindthecityverybeautiful.(3)做表语：interesting/interested;moving/moved;bored/boring…...________表示事物本身的某种特征，性质。“……本身令人……”________表示人“对……感到……”。Iwasexcitedabouttheexcitingfootballmatch.(4)做宾语补足语:现在分词做宾语补足语表示宾语与宾语补足语之间构成主动关系；过去分词做宾语补足语表示宾语与宾语补足语之间构成被动关系。keepsb.________：让某人做某事findsb.________：发现某人正在做某事see/watch/notice/hear/feelsb.__________：看见/观察/注意到/听到/觉得某人经常做/或已经做过了……see/watch/notice/hear/feelsb.__________：看见/观察/注意到/听到/觉得某人正在做……make/havesb.+__________=getsb.todo:makehimdothisorthatmake/havesb.+__________=getsb./sthdone:makehimselfheardletsb._____sth.如：Ioftenhearhim_______asonginhisroom.Nowyoucanhearhim________.(sing)特殊用法：like/love/hate/begin/starttodo/doingsth用todo和doing没有区别stop___________停下来去做某事stop___________停止做某事remember/forget___________记得/忘记将要做……remember/forget___________记得/忘记过去做过……try___________尽力做……try___________试着做……mean___________打算做……mean___________意味着……6.allow/permit/advise/forbidsb___________sth:允许/建议/禁止某人做……allow/permit/advise/suggest/forbid___________sth:允许/建议/禁止做……四．含非谓语动词的习惯句型：1.feellike________sth.想要做…wouldlike/want_______sth.2.prevent/stop/keepsb.(from)________sth.3.go_______结构(目的)：例如，gofishing;goswimming;goshopping……4.bebusy______sth.忙于做…5.keep(on)______sth.连续/老是做…6.beworth_______sth.。。。值得一做…7.spend…(时间)…doingsth./take(时间)…todosth.8.getusedto_____sth./beusedto_____sth.习惯于…payattentionto_______sth.注意…重视…lookforwardto_______sth.9.prefer________to_______与…相比更喜欢/爱…preferto_______ratherthan________preferstayingathome.toplayingbasketballprefertostayathomeratherthanplaybasketball.10.Itwasverykind/nice/cruel_______youtogivemeahandyesterday.It’sveryimportant/useful_________youtolearnEnglishwellnow11.remember,forget,stop,begin,start,goon,continue中，后接todo或者doing的含义差别很大：例如，Shestoppedtalkingwhentheteachercamein.Shestoppedtotalkwhentheteachercamein.语法巩固一、用非谓语动词的适当形式填空：1.Ihope__________(find)agoodjobinaforeigncompanyafterIgraduatefromschool.2.Hefoundithard________________________(catchupwith)hisclassmates.3.Fatherasksme____________(notplay)computergamesbeforefinishingmyhomework.4.AllthechildrenlikeMr.Whiteverymuchbecauseheoftenmakesthem____________(laugh).5.Lethim__________(have)arest.Ithinkhemustbetiredafterthelongtalk.6.Wehavetworooms___________(live)in,butIcan’tdecidewhichone_____________(choose).7.---BobspeaksChinesequitewell.---Yes,sohedoes.Hepractices___________(speak)Chineseeveryday.8.Before2018wewillfinish_____________(build)theschools.9.Shesaysshedoesn’tfeellike____________（go）outwithyou.10.Theboy______________(stand)intheteacher’sofficewasfoundsmokingyesterday.二、根据汉语提示完成句子1.Imuststop______________.我必须戒烟了。2.Wemustmakeacontributionto________________ourenvironment.我们应该为保护环境做出贡献。3.Remember___________anumbrellawithyou.记得带雨伞。4.Chinaisa___________country.中国是发展中国家。5.Iprefer_____________TVratherthan____________abook.我宁愿看电视也不愿意读书。6.Idon’tknow____________________him.我不知道该怎么阻止他。7._______________________thedoor!记住把门锁上。8.Let’s__________________________.咱们停下来谈谈吧。9.Heaskedme__________________________thebox.他问我怎样开那只箱子。10.Thehouseisempty.There’snobody_____________.房子空了，没人在这里住。三、单项选择题1.Myparentsdidn’tallowme________totheparty.A.goB.togo C.goes D.went2.Martinwassobusy_________theoldthathegaveuphispart-timejob.A.helpingB.helped C.tohelp D.help3.Iwilltrymybesttostopmysonfrom______thesamemistake.A.makeB.made C.makes D.making4.---Chinaisgettingbetterandbetteratmakinghightechnologyproducts.---That’sright.Peoplearoundtheworldcanhardlyavoid________productsmadeinChina.A.notbuyingB.nottobuy C.tobuy D.buying5Weadviseparents________theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A.leavingB.nottoleave C.leave D.toleave6.Whathappenswhenyouhearastrangenoiseatnight,orfindabigspiderinthecornerofyourbedroom?Itoftenmakesus_______________.A.jumpB.tojumpC.jumping D.jumped7.It’snecessaryforus_____________toourparentswhenwehaveproblems.A.totalkB.talkingC.talk8.Mr.Smithtoldhisson___________thefootballmatchbecauseoftheexam.A.nottowatchB.tonotwatchC.notwatchingD.doesn’twatch9.Whenyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelight____________energy.A.saveB.saving C.saved D.tosave10.Theretiredcoupleenjoy___________photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.A.takeB.took C.totake D.taking11.--Doyouclimbmountainseveryday?---Yes,___________alittleexercise.I’msooutofshape.A.gettingB.get C.got D.toget12.Inorder________forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A.nottobelateB.notbeinglate C.tobelate D.beinglate13.---It’sgettingcold.Wouldyoumind_____________thewindow?---Ofcoursenot.A.closingB.tocloseC.closed14.---Simon,whatdoIneedtotakeforthehiking?---You’dbetter__________morewaterthanusual.It’shottoday.A.totakeB.take C.taking D.took15.---Somechildrencan’tafford__________necessarystationery.---Let’sdonateourpocketmoneytothem.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuy D.bebought能力提升---阅读填表Ifyouseemtospendmuchofyourlifedoingthingsforotherpeople,ifyou’realwaysorderedtodoanything,youhavetochangeatpresent.Perhapsyoulovebeingwithyourfriends,butdon’tseemtohavethetime.PerhapstheonlyreasonyouwatchTVatnightisbecauseworkingalldayhasmadeyoutired.Whataboutyourparentsandfriends—doyouhaveahappyrelationshipwiththem?I’mnotsuggestingthatyoujustshoutatthenextpersonaroundyou,butIamsuggestingyousitdownwithafreshpieceofpaperandmakelistsaboutyourlife.Knowingyouropinionstowardssomethingisoneofthemostimportantthingsthatapersoncando.Itgivesusrenewedpurpose.WritedownthethingsthatMEANTHEMOSTTOYOU.Behonest!Don’twritethingsthatyoufeel“should”bewritten.Don’tgetridofthingsthatmayseemsilly,either.Ifyourjobisterrible,don’twrite“job”.Ifyourfriendisafool,don’twrite“friend”.Ifyourcatmeansmoretoyouthanworldpeace,write“cat”.Now,inaseparatelist,writedownthethingsYouAreInterestedIn.Again,don’tcensor(删改)yourself.Don’tnoticethatlittlevoiceinyourheadsays“Youcan’t---you’renotgoodenough”.Tellittostop.Startwriting!Ifyouareoverweightorpregnant,don’tbeafraidtowrite“athlete”.Ifyouarelonely,don’tbeafraidtowrite“friends”.Ifyoudriveataxi,don’tbeafraidtowrite“internetmillionaire”. Onceyouhavelistedboththethingsthattrulymeanthemosttoyouinyourlife,andthethingsyouwouldreallylovetoachieve,makingachangeinyourlifebecomeseasier.Theprocessofcontrollingyourlifeisnotterriblydifficult.Bymakingsimplelists,youhavebeenclearer.Nowyoujustneedtoactquickly.Title:Tocontrolourlife,wejustneedpaperto1._________________________ProblemsAdviceIt2._________________muchtimetodothingsforotherpeople.Otherpersonsalways3.______________youtodosomething.Youdon’tseemtohavethetimeto4.__________________________.Studyingalldayhasmadeyousotired5.__________________________.Youarenotsuretohaveahappyrelationshipwithyourparentsandfriends.Sittingdownwithafreshpieceofpaper,6.________________________________andknowingyouropinionsarethemostimportantthings.Behonesttowritedownthethingsthatat7.__________________________.Don’twritethingsthatyoufeel“should”bewritten.Don’tgetridof8.____________things.WritedownthethingsYouAreInterestedIn.Wedon’tcensor9._________________.Afterlistingboththethingsthattrulymeanthemosttoyouinyourlife,andthethingsyouwouldreallylovetoachieve,youcan10.______________________________________moreeasily.Homework一、单项选择Iregret____________tomyheadteacher,notlisteningtohim.A.talkback B.totalkback C.talkingback D.talkwithEvenTony’ssix-year-oldsonaskedhim__________smoking.stopsB.stopped C.stoppingD.tostop---Doyouoftengotothecinema?---Iprefer_________moviesathomeratherthan________tothecinema.watching;goingB.towatch;togoC.watching;goD.towatch;goMymotheralwayswantsme________morevegetablesfordinner.eat B.eating C.eatenD.toeat__________thecustomers,therestaurantowneroffersa10%discount(折扣)forallthedishes.Pleasing B.TopleaseC.Please D.PleasedRichardturnedoffthecomputerafterhehadfinished_________theemail.write B.towrite C.writing D.wroteGuoDegangisafamouscrosstalkperformer.Healwaysmakespeople__________.laughs B.laugh C.laughing D.tolaugh---Iprefer______withapento__________onthecomputerbecauseItypesoslowly.---SodoI.write;typing B.towrite;type C.writing;type D.writing;typingIspenttwodays_______readingthestorybook.finish B.finishedC.finishingD.