高考英语一轮复习专题01Friendship(教学案)

专题01Friendship【考纲解读】与伙伴谈论友情和朋友的重要性，认识同学们的交友观；要点掌握与促使友情、提高人际关系有关的词汇、短语和句式。【高频单词】1．upset(

adj.)

心慌意乱的；不安的；不适的

(

vt.)

使不安；使心烦→

upset(

过去式)→upset(

过去分词)→

upsetting(

此刻分词

)2．ignore(

vt.)

不搭理；忽略→

ignorance(

n.)

无知→

ignorant(

adj.)

无知的；不认识的3．concern

(vt.)(使)担忧；波及；关系到

(

n.)

担忧；关注；(利害

)关系→

concerned(adj.)

担忧的；有关的→

concerning(

prep.)

对于；有关4．entire(

adj.)

整个的；完整的；所有的→

entirely(

adv.)

完整地；全然地；整个地5．settle(vi.)安家；定居；逗留(vt.)使定居；安排；解决→settlement(n.)定居；解决→settler(n.)定居者；移民6．suffer(vt.&vi.)遭到；忍耐；经历→suffering(n.)难过；磨难→sufferer(n.)患病者；受累难者7．power(n.)能力；力量；权利→powerful(adj.)强盛的；强有力的→powerless(反义词)(adj.)无力的；没有能力的；无权利的8．recover(vt.&vi.)康复；恢复；从头获取→recovery(n.)康复；恢复；从头获取9．exactly(adv.)的确这样；正是；切实地→exact(adj.)切实的；精准的10．disagree(vi.)不一样意→agree(反义词)(vi.)赞同→disagreement(n.)不一样意【要点短语】1．add_up合计2．calm_(...)_down(使)沉静下来；(使)镇定下来3．be_concerned_about关怀；牵挂4．go_through经历；经受5．suffer_from遭到；患病6．get/be_tired_of对讨厌7．set_down记下；放下；登记8．on_purpose成心9．fall_in_love相爱；爱上10．join_in参加；加入11．have_got_to不得不；一定12．nolonger/not...anylonger不再13．pack_(sth.)_up将(东西)装箱打包14．in_order_to为了15．a_series_of一连串的；一系列；一套【热门句型】1．状语从句的省略：while＋分词构造“当的时候”While_walking_the_dog(在遛狗时)，youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.(教材P1)2．before指引时间状语从句，意为“在以后才”，有时也可理解为“还没等就”Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwentyfivemonthsbefore_they_were_discovered(他们才被发现)．(教材P2)3．Itis...that/who...重申句型Iwonderifit's_because_I_haven't_been_able_to_be_outdoors_for_so_long_that(是由于我长远没法出门的缘由)I'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.(教材P2)4．Therewasatimewhen...“以前有段时间”，此处when指引的是定语从句，可记作固定句式Icanwellrememberthatthere_was_a_time_when(有段光阴)adeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.(教材P2)5．It/This/Thatis/wasthefirsttimethat...“这/那是某人第一次做某事”，2此构造中的从句部分要用达成时It_was_the_first_time(这是第一次)inayearandahalfthatI'd_seen(我目击了)thenightfacetoface...(教材P2)6．“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合构造Motheraskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwith_so_many_clothes_on(衣着这么多衣服)．(教材P5)【写作句型】I’mwritingtodosth1.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutovisitaChinesepapercuttingexhibition,whichwillbeheldinourschoolhallonMay5thSaturday.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)我写信邀请您观光中国剪纸博览会，该展览将于5月5日礼拜六在我们学校礼堂举行。2.I’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmylifeandstudyinrecentdays.我写信是想告诉你我近来几日的生活和学习状况。(2017·天津卷·书面表达)3.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinanouting.(2017·浙江卷·应用文写作)我写信邀请你参加郊游。4.IamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusforavisittothenursinghomenearbyovertheDoubleNinthFestivalnextSunday.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ·满分作文)我写信是想邀请你在下礼拜日的重阳节和我们一同去拜见邻近的敬老院。5.IamwritingtotellyouthatIamgoingtotakepartintheDragonBoatTrainingCampthissummer.(2015·北京卷·写作)我写信是想告诉你今年夏季我要参加龙舟训练营。我写信是想告诉你对于我下次上中文课的计划。I_am_writing_to_tell_you_my_plan_for_the_coming_Chinese_lesson.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)我代表我们的俱乐部写信邀请你们在此次展出中分享你们的一些代表作。I,_on_behalf_of_our_club,_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_share_some_of_your_masterpieces_for_this_show.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)我写信是想申请参加你们组织的活动。I_am_writing_to_apply_to_join_in_the_activity_you_are_organizing.(2015·重庆卷·写作)3高频考点一、单词冲关例1、upsetadj.心慌意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦；弄翻；打乱(计划)等Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.(P1)你的朋友来上学时心很烦。【概括拓展】(1)beupsetabout/over/atsth.为某事烦心beupsetto_dosth.对做某事感觉心烦beupsetthat...让人不安/心烦(2)upsetsb./sth.令人心烦/打翻某物upsetoneselfaboutsth.为某事而烦忧Itupsetssb.that...让某人心烦的是upsetone'sstomach使(肠胃)不适【名师点睛】①upset为表语形容词，往常不用作定语。②upset的过去式和过去分词形式为upset；其此刻分词形式为upsetting。【语境助记】Shewasupsetto_knowthatherapplicationforthepositionwasrefused.得悉她对这个职位的申请遇到拒绝，她感觉很丧气。②Don'tupsetyourselfaboutit—let'sjustforgetiteverhappened.不要为那件事烦忧——我们就只当它没发生过。It_upsets_himthatnobodyhadbotheredtotellhimaboutthenews.让他不快乐的是没有人把这个信息告诉他。Hearrivedanhourlateandupset_all_our_arrangements.他迟到了一个小时，把我们的全部安排都打乱了。TheflieskeptupsettingXiaoLiwhenhewasdoinghishomework.Hewassoupsetthatheupsetthecuponthedesk.小李造作业的时候，几个苍蝇向来打搅他。他特别心慌意乱，结果打翻了桌子上的杯子。例2、calmvt.&vi.(使)沉静；(使)镇定adj.沉静的；冷静的；沉稳的Youwillignorethebellandgosomewherequiettocalmyourfrienddown.(P1)你将不搭理上课铃声，去一个寂静的地方让你的朋友沉静下来。4【概括拓展】9(be/stay/keep/remaincalm保持冷静calmlyadv.冷静地；沉稳地,9(be/stay/keep/remaincalm保持冷静,calmlyadv.冷静地；沉稳地【语境助记】①Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalm_himself_down.他深深地吸了几口气，使自己沉静下来。②It'simportanttokeep/remain/stay_calminanemergency.状况紧迫的时候，保持冷静是重要的。③“I'llcallthedoctor，”hesaid_calmly.“我去请医生。”他镇定地说。【易混辨析】calm沉静的，沉稳的；指无风波或人的心情不激动quiet寂静的，寂静的；指没有声音、不喧华或内心没有烦忧、忧虑silent沉寂的，缄默的；指不说话或没有声音still静止的，不动的；指(人体等)无运动的Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeepcalm;_whentakenphotos,oneshouldkeepstill;_whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeepquiet;_inclass,oneshouldn'tkeepsilentabouttheteacher'squestions.当面对危险时，要保持沉着；照像时，要保持不动；其余人睡觉时要保持寂静；而在课上，不该当对老师的问题保持缄默。例3、concernvt.(使)担忧；波及；关系到n．担忧；关注；(利害)关系Tellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.(P1)告诉你的朋友你很关怀他(她)，下课后你们会会面谈话。【概括拓展】(1)concernoneselfabout/with对表示关怀(2)concernedadj.担忧的；关注的beconcernedabout/forsth.担忧；关怀beconcernedwith与有关；波及as/sofaras...beconcerned就而言；依之见(3)concerningprep.有关；对于【名师点睛】concerned作形容词充任前置定语时，意为“关怀的，牵挂的，担忧的”；假如要表示“有关的，有关的”，作定语要后置。比如：aconcernedlook关切的神情；theauthorities5concerned有关当局。【语境助记】①[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Othersareconcernedabout/forusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers.其余人都关注用水和肥料较少的园艺方法。Thischapterconcernsitselfwiththehistoricalbackground.本章旨在叙述历史背景。Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerningthefutureofthecompany.他问了几个有关企业前程的问题。As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_itcanalsobeasharingexperiencewhenthesamebookisbeingappreciated.就我个人而言，赏读同一本书也是一次共同分享的经历。【联想】as/sofarassb.beconcerned的同义表达：inone'sopinion/viewfromone'spointofviewpersonally(speaking)例4、suffervt.&vi.遭到；忍耐；经历Shesufferedfromloneliness,butshehadtolearntolikeitthere.(P4)她遇到了孤单的摧残，但她得学会喜爱住在那边。【概括拓展】(1)sufferpain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship遭到难过/失败/损失/贫困/饥饿/磨难sufferfrom...受摧残，受之苦；患病(2)sufferingn.[U](指肉体或精神上遭到的)难过，痛苦，困难[C]难过，烦恼的事sufferern.患病者；受累者；受难者【语境助记】Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustrackmeets.在从前的田径竞赛中，她遭到了好多的失败。Manycompaniesaresuffering_fromashortageofskilledstaff.很多企业苦于缺少娴熟职工。Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesofsufferingsduringthewar.听说这位老人在战争时期经历了各样难过。Shereceivedmanylettersofsupportfromfellowsufferers.6n．恢复健康；从头获取她收到了很多有过共同遭受的人的支持的信函。例5、recovervt.&vi.康复；恢复；从头获取HowcanLindarecoverfromherillnessinthisroomwhenit'ssodirtyanddusty？(P4)在这样脏的、充满尘埃的房间里，琳达的病怎么会好呢？【概括拓展】(1)recoversth.找回某物；恢复(能力、健康等)recoverfromsth.从中恢复recoveroneself恢复知觉；从头控制(2)recoverymakearecoveryfrom...从中恢复【语境助记】ThepoliceeventuallyrecoveredthestolenpaintingsstoredinthePalaceMuseum.警方最后追回了储蓄在故宫博物院被盗的油画。Heisstillrecoveringfromhisoperation.手术后，他仍在恢复之中。Sheseemedupsetbutquicklyrecovered_herself.她显得心慌意乱，但很快就静下心来了。Hemadeaquickrecovery_fromhisillnessandwassoonbackatwork.他患病后康复得很快，不久就去上班了。高频考点二、短语冲关例1、addup合计；加起来Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.(P1)把你的分数加起来看看能得多少分。【概括拓展】(1)addsth.tosth.把加到/进里addup_to加起来合计/达(不用于被动语态)addto增加；增加(2)addthat...增补说(3)additionn.加；(数)加法；增加inaddition此外；别的(还有)inadditionto除以外【语境助记】7Add_upallthemoneyIoweyou.把我欠你的钱都加在一同。Pleaseadd_some_sugar_tothemilktomakeitmoredelicious.请在牛奶里加些糖使牛奶更美味。Theheavyrainadded_tothedifficultyinrescuingtheburiedpeople.大雨增加了救援被埋人员的困难。Theofficialexpressedgreatconcernoverthefoodsafety,adding_thatthegovernmentwouldtakemoremeasurestopreventsuchacasehappeningagain.这位官员表达了对食品安全的极大关怀，增补说政府将会采纳更多举措阻挡这样的事情再次发生。In_addition_tothesearrangements,extraambulanceswillbeondutyuntilmidnight.除了这些安排外，另增救护车将会值班至子夜。例2、gothrough经历；达成；认真检查；经过Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough？(P2)或许惧怕你的朋友嘲讽你，或许不理解你正经历的事情？【概括拓展】EQ\*jc0\*"Font:Calibri"\*hps21\o(\s\up9(goovergoup上升；上升；登攀,EQ\*jc0\*"Font:Calibri"\*hps21\o(\s\up9(goover【语境助记】I'dbeverygratefulifyoucouldtakesometimetogo_throughmyresumeandmakenecessarychanges.假如你能花时间认真看看我的简历并作出一些必需的改正的话，我将会特别感谢。②写出以下句子中gothrough的含义a．Notuntilhewentthroughrealhardshipdidherealizethelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.经历b．Ialwaysstartthedaybygoingthroughmymail.认真检查c．Theboywentthroughtwowholeloavesofbread.用光；耗尽d．Wewentthroughtwocaves,anextremelyunusualpartofthejourney.经过；穿过③用适合的介词或副词填空a．Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywarssincetheancienttimes.b．Thingswillgeteasierastimegoesby.

复习；认真检查复习；认真检查8c．Gooveryourworkbeforeyouhanditin.d．Youshouldn'tbuyhousesbecausetheirpriceisgoingup.e．Humanbeingsshouldn'tgoagainstnaturetolive.例3、getalong/onwith与(某人)相处；(某事)进展(怎样)I'mgettingalongwellwithaboyinmyclass.(P6)我跟我们班的一个男生相处得很好。【概括拓展】getacross讲理解；被理解getaway_with做坏事而不受罚getover战胜getinto进入；染上getdown_to开始认真做getthrough(电话)接通；用完；经过【语境助记】Asanout－goinggirl,Iget_along_well_withmyclassmates.作为一个爽朗的女孩，我与同学们相处得很和睦。Believeinyourselfandyouwillget_overthedifficulty.相信你自己，你会战胜困难的。He'snotverygoodatgettinghisideaacross.他不太擅长清楚地表达自己的思想。④Theheadmasterwouldn'thavestudentsgetting_away_withcheatingintheexam.校长绝不一样意学生考试中舞弊而不受处罚。It'stimeIgot_down_tothinkingaboutthatessay.我该认真思虑一下那篇论文了。Don'tletyourselfget_intobadhabits.不要让你自己染上坏习惯了。例4、setdown记下；放下；登记Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty.(P2)我不肯像大部分人那样在日志中记流水账。我要把这今日志看作我的朋友，我要把这个朋友称作基蒂。【概括拓展】EQ\*jc0\*"Font:Calibri"\*hps21\o(\s\up9(ssetaboutdoing着手做某事(尤指费时费劲的事,EQ\*jc0\*"Font:Calibri"\*hps21\o(\s\up9(s9【语境助记】①[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Wecanset_outearlysothatwe'llhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.我们能够早起程，这样我们就会有更多时间来阅读和精选书了。Shetriestoset_asidesomemoneyeverymonth.她每个月都尽量存点钱。Agangofboysweresetting_offfireworksinthestreet.一帮男孩正在街上放烟火。Fromalongtermpointofview,itistimeforustoset_aboutsolvingthisproblem.从长远看，到了我们着手解决这个问题的时候了。Thepoliceset_uproadblocksonroutesoutofthecity.警察在城外的路上设置了路障。Pleasesetyourfeelingsdownonpaper.请把你的感想写在纸上。高频考点三、句型冲关例1、While_walking_the_dog,_youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbycar.(P1)遛狗时你不当心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。【概括拓展】句中whilewalkingthedog是一个省略句，补全后为：whileyouwerewalkingthedog。①when,while,before,after,unless,if,省略句asif等指引的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致的条件或从句主语为it②状语从句谓语中含有be动词省略句省略从句中的主语和be动词的形式【名师点睛】解答该考点的题时，主要判断所考动词与句子主语之间的逻辑关系，它们是主动关系时，往常填doing形式；它们是被动关系时，往常填done形式。【语境助记】When(you_are)_buyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.在买鱼的时候，你应当先闻一闻。10Shegavemeacomfortingsmile,noddedwhile(shewas)listeningpatiently,andthenprintedouttheticketimmediately.她宽慰地朝我笑了笑，耐心地边听我说边点头，而后很快地打印出了机票。③Firstly,peoplemayfeelforcedwhen(theyare)askedtodothingsthattheydon'twantto.第一，人们在被要求做他们不想做的事情时会有压力感。If(it_is)_possible,_I'llgotoseemygrandparentsthisweekend.假如可能的话，这周末我要去看我的祖父亲母亲。例2、Iwonderifit's_becauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.(P2)我不知道这是不是由于我长远没法出门的缘由，我变得对全部与大自然有关的事物都非常狂热。【概括拓展】重申句型的构造基本句式Itis/was＋被重申部分＋that/who＋句子其余成分一般疑问句Is/Wasit＋被重申部分＋that/who＋句子其余成分？特别疑问句特别疑问词＋is/wasit＋that＋句子其余成分？not...until句型的Itis/wasnotuntil＋被重申部分＋that＋句子重申句其余成分【名师点睛】在考察重申句型构造时，常常与其余从句混淆考察，所以要剖析句型构造，判断是不是重申句型中的that以后再确认答案。比如：Itisonthefarmwhereweworkedtogetherthatwegottoknoweachother.剖析：第一个黑体字处考察定语从句的连结词where，修饰farm，在从句中作状语，考生会误认为此处填that；其实第二个黑体字处才是重申句型中的that。【语境助记】Youarewaitingatawrongplace.It_isatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.你在一个错误的地方等候。大客车是在酒店接旅客的。②It_waswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.当我们返回家的时候，我才意识到帮助身处窘境的人的感觉真好。11It_wasnotuntilneartheendoftheletterthatshementionedherownplan.直到信的末端，她才提到她自己的计划。④Peopleallovertheworldwonderedwhatit_was_thatresultedintheterribleaccident.全球的人们都想知道是什么致使此次可怕的不测事故。3...it_was_the_first_timeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface...(P2)这是我一年半以来第一次当面地凝视这个夜晚【名师点睛】Itis(high/about)time(that)．..与以上句型有相像之处，但从句中谓语动词的形式不一样。Itis(high/about)timethat从句谓语用did或shoulddo。比如：It'shightimethatweshouldmakefulluseofeveryminutetolearnEnglish.It'shightimethatwemadefulluseofeveryminutetolearnEnglish.【语境助记】①ThatwasthefirsttimethatDadhad_counted/depended/reliedonmeinamomentofemergency.那是父亲第一次在紧迫时刻依赖我。It'sabouttimeyoucleaned_your_room.你该打扫自己的房间了。高频考点四、语法冲关直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)Ⅰ.陈说句的间接引语直接引语是陈说句，在变成间接引语时，多半状况下都组成一个由that指引的宾语从句(口语中that能够省去)，引述动词往常是say，tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其余方面也要相应地有所变化。Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.Ⅱ.疑问句的间接引语1．一般疑问句和反意疑问句一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈说语序，并要加连词if或whether，其主句动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow,didn'tknow等。句末用句号。Myteacheraskedme，“DoyoulikeAmericancountrymusic？”Myteacheraskedif/whetherIlikedAmericancountrymusic.122．否认的一般疑问句和选择疑问句假如直接引语为否认的一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，用whether...or连结。Shesaid，“Don'tyouknowmytelephonenumber？”SheaskedmewhetherIknewhertelephonenumberornot.【2018·全国I】阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。ACherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.DurationTourThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworld-famouscherrytreeslessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,uniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwaterCapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.Duration:3hourseffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.13WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomlikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtoncapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.【答案】【分析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了骑自行车到Washington,D.C.旅行的四中路线的有关行程及注意事项。1423.细节理解题。依据文章WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour中的Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。应选D。BGoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’sleantintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11."WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"sheexplains."Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves."Theeight-partseries(系列节自),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?programme.budgetforherfamily.1525.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?kids.forher.26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?C.MakingyourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess【答案】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一档英国系列电视节目，给观众介绍怎样减少食品浪费以及怎样以较少的估当作出美味佳肴。24.细节理解题。依据文章第一段知道GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole可知，她开拓了一个新的节目。应选B。26.写作企图题。依据文章第四段中的whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.可知，SaveMoney:GoodFood节目是SaveMoney:GoodHealth节目以后，给观众一些建议：怎样从市场上众多的健康产品中获取价值。也就是给这个节目增补背景信息，应选C。16要旨要义题。依据文章的整体内容可知，文章作者向来在讲怎样用较少的钱做出好的食品。依据文章中的preparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.（在资本紧张的状况下，准备爽口且有营养的饭菜）；howtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.怎样减少食品浪费同时花销低于￡5的一个家庭一成天的食谱；howcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.我们自己做这类食品有多廉价；lessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.不贵但仍旧爽口的食谱。故D项CookingWellforLess是最正确标题。CLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whenthetheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcentres,trade,industrialisation.thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation.Especiallyglbalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanyLanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish．SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages.Oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot.wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout1,000.Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6.000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethan17Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhuntergatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2？A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6800B.About3400Whatistheminideaofthetext?A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.PeopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguagesC.HumandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguagesD.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.【答案】【分析】本文是一篇谈论文。文章叙述了跟着社会的发展人类语言愈来愈少及其原由。29.猜想词义题。依据文章第二段中的dominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在代替其余18语言。由此推知dominantlanguages意为：强有力的语言。应选C。30.细节理解题。依据文章第三段中的Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.和Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.可知，目前生界上大概有6800种语言，可是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。应选B。31.要旨要义题。依据文章第一段中的主题句Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.可知，语言的产生和消逝进行了几千年，但近来时代语言产生的少，消逝的太多。应选C。DWemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration—Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,"saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.19We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals.B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.【答案】35.A【分析】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章叙述了新旧电子设施的差异，旧电子设施耗能高，不环保。所以作者主张使用新电子设施。2033.细节理解题。依据文章第二段中的Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife可知，Babbitt’steam研究的目的是弄清楚这些设施用了多少电。应选D。34.细节理解题。依据文章最后一段中的Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.可知，平板电脑是耗能最少的电子设施，能够降低44%的耗能。应选B。35.推理判断题。依据文章的整体内容可知，由于旧的电子设施耗能高，不环保。所以作者建议停止使用旧的电子设施。应选A。【2017·新课标I】完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下边的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis41processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy42atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL-AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语).Ineverfeltanurgeto43anysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.The44languageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往).LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy45forASL.The46beganduringmyfirstweekatcollege.IwatchedastheASLClub47theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandthevery48ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking49me.WhatIsawwascompletelyunlikeanythingIhadexperiencedinthe50.Thisnewnessjustleftme51more.21Afterthat,feelingtheneedto52further,Idecidedtodropinononeofofbeingdiscouragedbymy54progress,Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointto55thosemeetingsandlearnallIcould.Thefollowingterm,I56anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwas57.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.58,iftherehadbeenanytalkin