人教版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking 课文详解课件

ReadingandThinkingApeoplewithoutthekonwledgeoftheirpasthistory,originandcultureislikeatreewithoutroots.---MarcusGarvey一个不了解自己历史，起源和文化的民族，就如同一棵无根之树。

——马库斯·贾维

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeople

areconfusedby

whatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.beconfusedby对...感到困惑thedifferencebetween...之间的差异ifany如果有的话;ifso如果那样的话solvethispuzzle解决这个难题shortenv.缩短resultin导致;resultfrom由于breakawayfrom脱离;背叛；逃脱beadded加入bejoinedto加入todo表目的which引导的非限制性定语从句定语从句修饰namewhich引导的非限制性定语从句

referto...as把…称为

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeople

areconfusedby

whatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.联合王国、大不列颠、不列颠、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名字的含义感到困惑。如果有区别的话，那么它们之间有什么区别？稍微了解一下英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。在16世纪，附近的威尔士与英格兰王国联合了起来。后来，在18世纪，苏格兰加入了创建大不列颠王国的行列。在19世纪，爱尔兰王国加入，一起组建了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，形成了我们如今所看到的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。大多数人只是使用缩写名称：“联合王国”或“英国”。来自英国的人被称为“不列颠人”，这意味着英国也经常被称为不列颠或大不列颠。When?Whathappened?Whatchanged?16thcentury18thcentury19thcentury20thcenturyWaleswasjoinedtoKingdomofEnglandScotlandwasjoinedtoEnglandandWalesIrelandwasaddedThesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeaway“KingdomofGreatBritain”formed“UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland”formednamechangedto“UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”

Thefourcountries

thatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.

Theyusethesameflag,

knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!belongto属于worktogether团结

aswellas

也，和currencyn.通货,货币

militarydefence军事防御

legalsystem法律体系

illegaladj.不合法的illegallyadv.不合法地

定语从句修饰

countries

过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰thesameflag

competitionn比赛

ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!联合王国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗（称为“英国国旗”）。但是，它们也有一些不同之处。例如，英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰在教育体制和立法体制上都存在着差异。他们也有自己的传统，例如自己的民族节日和民族美食。他们甚至拥有各自的足球队去参加像世界杯之类的比赛！

TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistory

toexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwill

besurroundedby

evidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeople

whotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.

Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievements

includedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchanged

thewaypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.Theyhadcastlesbuilt

allaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintotheEnglishlanguagetodo做后置定语，修饰history

everywhere引导的状语从句状语从句,everywhere意为“处处；到处；无论哪里”

which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰history

who引导的定语从句

Thefirstgroup的同位语

定语从句,修饰theway

havesth.done的结构，表示“让某事被做”besurroundedby被……包围四批不同的人定语从句中way做先行词that/inwhich/省略让人建城堡

TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedby

evidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeople

whotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintotheEnglishlanguage英国有着悠久而有趣的历史可供探索，这可以帮助你进一步了解这个国家及其传统。在英国的几乎所有地方，你都发现有四批不同的人在整个历史的不同时期占据政权的痕迹。第一批是罗马人，出现于公元一世纪。他们的一些伟大成就包括修建城镇和道路。接下来，盎格鲁—撒克逊人于公元5世纪到来。他们创造了英语的起源，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。维京人于公元8世纪到来，留下了许多新词汇，同时也留下了英国各地的地名。最后一批是诺曼人。他们在11世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。他们在英格兰各地建造了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。诺曼人是法国人，因此英语中慢慢加入了许多法语单词ReadParagraph4andsortouttheinformationaccordingtothetimeline.When?Whathappened?Whatchanged?RomansarrivedAnglo-SaxonscameVikingscame

11th

century

1stcentury5thcentury8thcenturyNormansconqueredEnglandaftertheBattleofHastings

townsandroadslanguageandthewayhouseswerebuiltcastlesbuilt,

legalsystemchangedandnewwordsfrom

FrenchintroducedvocabularyandnamesoflocationsacrosstheUK

ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcity

thathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.Therearecountlesshistoricsites

toexplore,andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.TheUKisafascinatingmixofhistoryandmodernculture,withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.Therebe+主语+to

do”结构,todo表示动作尚未发生

make+宾语+宾补（形容词)

much,even,alittle,abit修饰adj比较级

todo做后置定语,修饰placeas引导的原因状语从句

that引导的定语从句修饰citydating现在分词作后置定语todo做后置定语,修饰sitealltheway一直

datebackto上溯至(=datefrom)fascinating

adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的keepyoureyesopen(for)留心；留意besurprisedtodosth.惊奇做某事bothAandBA和B做主语谓语用复数全段背诵

ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcity

thathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.Therearecountlesshistoricsites

toexplore,andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.TheUKisafascinatingmixofhistoryandmodernculture,withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.关于英国有趣的历史和文化，还有更多的东西需要学习。研究国家的历史将使你的旅行更加愉快。首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到古罗马时代。这里有数不胜数的历史遗迹可供探索，还有许多的博物馆，博物馆里收藏着来自英国各地的古代文物。英国是历史与现代文化的完美结合，既有新传统也有旧传统。如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在课文内容填空

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritai