2022-2023学年安徽省淮北市高三一模英语试题

淮北市2023届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题卷考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答题是C。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inaclassroom.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Classmates.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acartoon.B.Amusical.C.Asportsstar.4.WhydoesKarensearchforinformationaboutShenzhou-14crewedspaceship?A.Tofinishaschoolpaper.B.Toprepareatopicforaconversation.C.Tohelpherbrotherwithhishomework.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Havingajobinterview.B.PlanningatriptoChina.C.Sharinghislearningexperience.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowmuchdidAmypayforherskirt?A.$200.B.$260.C.$300.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedeal?A.Fairlycheap.B.Justokay.C.Veryexpensive.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.HowwillthespeakersgototheRedwoodsfromSanJose?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bycoach.9.WhatwillthespeakersdoinSanJose?A.Findahotel.B.Visitsomefriends.C.Dosomeshopping.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howdidthewomangetthenews?A.FromaTVprogram.B.ThroughtheInternet.C.Inthenewspaper.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthedecisionongraywolves’protection?A.ItaffectsallthestatesintheUS.B.ItwillnotapplyinNewMexico.C.ItworksinmostofthecontinentalUS.12.Whatwillthewomantalkaboutnextconcerninggraywolves?A.Theirmainhabitat.B.Herideasofprotectingthem.C.Thefactorindecreasinginnumbers.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatwasHenrywhenhefirstcametoFrance?A.Astudent.B.Awriter.C.Aprofessor.14.Whydidn’tHenrytakeFrenchseriously?A.Lackofsupport.B.Lackofinterest.C.Lackoftime.15.WhydidHenrycometoFranceagain?AHisparentsworkedthere.B.Hewantedtofindajob.C.Heneededtodoresearch.16.WhencouldHenryspeakFrenchwell?A.Twoyearsago.B.Fouryearsago.C.Sixyearsago.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatinspiredMr.Shahtocreatethecafé?A.Ahotelhehadvisited.B.Avillagehehadseen.C.Anigloohehaddesigned.18.Whenwasthecafécompleted?A.InDecember.B.InJanuary.C.InFebruary.19.Whydoesthecaféfocusonitemsbeingservedquickly?A.Toattractyoungpeople.B.Togetmorecustomers.C.Toreducewaitingtime.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Tointroduceaspecialcafé.B.Toadvertiseakindofcoffee.C.Torecommendauniquehotel.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADiningHalls&CaféOpenHoursGuanchouyuanDiningHall6:30—9:0011:00—13:0017:00—20:00ZijingyuanDiningHallTaoliyuanDiningHallYushuyuanDiningHall6:30—9:0010:30—13:0016:30—23:00ZhilanyuanDiningHall(Buffetservedonthe2ndfloor)11:00—13:0017:00—20:00QingqingKuaican(SimilartoMcDonaldsandKFCbutatlowerprices)10:30—22:30QingqingPizzaQingqingYonghe10:30—20:30MuslimCanteen6:30—9:0011:00—13:3017:00—20:00HappyFourBakery8:00—21:30CampusJazzCoffee10:00—22:30SPRCoffee8:00—20:00Ourstudentdininghallsarefamousfortheirgoodserviceandreasonableprice,providingavarietyofdishesincludingMuslimandWesternfood.Inaddition,thereareseveralfast-foodrestaurantsandCafé,whereyoumaymeetmanyinternationalstudents.HowtogetadiningcardThedegree-programstudents,includingtheundergraduateandgraduatestudents,shallapplyforastudentICcardwhichcanbeusedasthediningcard.Thenon-degree-programstudents,includingthevisitingstudents,exchangestudentsandtheChineselanguageprogramstudents,shallapplyforanordinarydiningcardattheStudentHowtorechargeyourdiningcardAstothedegree-programstudents,thereisnomoneyintheirstudentICcardswhentheyfirstgetit.SothestudentscanmakeuseoftherechargingmachinesinthecampustotransferthemoneyfromthedebtcardoftheBankofChinathathasbeenconnectedtotheICcard.TherechargingmachinesarelocatedaroundTaoliyuanDiningHall,ZijingyuanDiningHall,GuanchouyuanDiningHall,teachingbuildingNo.6aswellastheStudentAstothenon-degreeprogramstudents,theycanrechargetheordinarydiningcardwithRMBcashinthefollowingplaces:ZijingyuanDiningHall,TaoliyuanDiningHall,andtheStudent1.WhocanusetheirstudentICcardsasdiningcards?A.Visitingstudents. B.Exchangestudents.C.Undergraduatestudents. D.Languageprogramstudents.2.WherecanstudentsfindamachinetorechargestudentICcards?A.IntheNo.15teachingbuilding. B.AroundGuanchouyuanDiningHall.C.AttheStudentDiningServiceCenter.3.Whichisthebesttimesuggestionifonefeelslikeeatingpizza?A.6:30-7:30. B.9:00-10:00. C.18:00-19:00. D.21:30-22:30.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了校园食堂用餐的相关信息，让学生对即将到来的大学生活有所了解，鼓励他们努力编织梦想。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第一个小标题下对此进行了具体说明“Thedegree-programstudents,includingtheundergraduateandgraduatestudents,shallapplyforastudentICcardwhichcanbeusedasthediningcard.(学位课程学生，包括本科生和研究生，应申请学生IC卡，该卡可作为就餐卡使用)”可知，本科生可以将学生IC卡用作饭卡。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第二个小标题下对此进行了具体说明“TherechargingmachinesarelocatedaroundTaoliyuanDiningHall,ZijingyuanDiningHall,GuanchouyuanDiningHall,teachingbuildingNo.6aswellastheStudentServiceCenter.(充值机位于桃李园食堂、紫荆园食堂、观稠园食堂、6号教学楼以及学生服务中心附近)”可知，在观稠园餐厅周围可以找到给学生IC卡充值的机器。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据原文图表中对各个餐厅的用餐时间进行了说明，找到QingqingPizza一栏，锁定时间10:30-20:30，通过比对得出选项C.18:00—19:00在披萨店的用餐时间内，故选C。BThewallsofourhouseweresupposedtobewhite.ButIneverrememberthembeingwhite.Atfirst,theyweregrey,thenturningblack.Myfatherwasacoalworker.Hemadecharcoal(木炭)inourhouse.Haveyoueverseencharcoalbeingmade?Thelittlebagsyoubuyinthestoreforbarbeque,theycomefromsomewhere,andhonestly,it’saverydirtybusiness.IrememberonedayIwasbaggingupthecharcoalwithmydad,anditwasreallycoldandraining.Allwehadwasthetinyroofoverourheads.Afterafewhours,Igottogotoschool,whereitwaswarm.Mydadstayedoutthereworking,allday.Ifhedidn’tsellthatday,maybewewouldn’thaveenoughtoeat.Ithoughttomyself:Atsomepoint,everythingisgoingtochange.Forthis,Iowefootballeverything.Istartedfootballearly.Iplayedsomuchfootballthateverytwomonths,mybootswouldbreakapart.WhenIwasseven,Imusthavebeenprettygood,becauseIscored64goalsformyneighborhoodteam.Thatyear,mydadgotacallfromacoachsayingtheywantedmetoplaythere.Mydadasked,“Oh,it’stoofaraway.Ninekilometers.Howwillwegethimthere?”Mymomsaid,“No,no,no!Don’tworry,I’lltakehim!”AndthatiswhenGracielawasborn.Gracielawasanoldyellowbicyclethatmymotherwouldusetodrivemetotrainingeveryday.Ithadalittlebasketinthefront.Imaginethis:Awomanbikingthroughtownwithalittleboyonthebackandabaginthebasketwithhisboots.Uphills.Downhills.Throughthedangerousneighborhoods.Intherain.Inthecold.Inthedark.Gracielagotuswhereweneededtogo.NowadayspeoplelookonYouTube,watchtheWorldCupandseetheresults,buttheydon’tknowthejourney.Theydon’tknowaboutmylivingroomwallsturningfromwhitetoblack.Theydon’tknowaboutmyfatherworkingunderalittleroof.Theydon’tknowaboutmymotherridingGracielathroughtherainandthecold.4Whydidthewallsoftheauthor’shouseturnblack?A.Hisfamilywantedtochangethelookoftheiroldhouse.B.Thecolorblackcouldcoveruphisfather’sdirtybusiness.C.Theauthoroftenmadeindoorbarbequeswiththecharcoal.D.Therewasalotofcoaldustcreatedfromhisfather’swork.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutGraciela?A.Gracielawasayellowbicyclewithabasket.B.Gracielawasnamedaftertheauthor’smother.C.Gracielawasbornwhentheauthorwasnine.D.Gracielagotthefamilywherevertheywantedtogo.6.Whatgoodqualitydotheauthorandhisparentshaveincommon?ADetermined. B.Confident. C.Ambitious. D.Easygoing.7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Intimeoftest,familyisbest. B.Happinessisachoice,notaresult.C.Onewhofearsfailurelimitshisactivities. D.Behindeveryglorythereisalwaysastory.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章节选自阿根廷足球运动员迪马利亚的自述，讲述了他辉煌背后鲜为人知的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Atfirst,theyweregrey,thenturningblack.Myfatherwasacoalworker.Hemadecharcoal(木炭)inourhouse.Haveyoueverseencharcoalbeingmade?Thelittlebagsyoubuyinthestoreforbarbeque,theycomefromsomewhere,andhonestly,it’saverydirtybusiness.(起初，它们是灰色的，然后变成黑色。我父亲是煤矿工人。他在我们家烧木炭。你见过木炭的制作过程吗？你在商店里买的烧烤用的小袋子，它们来自某个地方，老实说，这是一个非常肮脏的行业)”可知，作者家的墙变黑了是因为他父亲的工作产生了很多煤尘。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Gracielawasanoldyellowbicyclethatmymotherwouldusetodrivemetotrainingeveryday.Ithadalittlebasketinthefront.(Graciela是一辆旧的黄色自行车，我妈妈每天都会用它载我去训练。它前面有一个小篮子)”可知，Graciela是一辆带篮子的黄色自行车。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Ithoughttomyself:Atsomepoint,everythingisgoingtochange.(我心想：总有一天，一切都会改变)”，第二段的“Mydadstayedoutthereworking,allday.Ifhedidn’tsellthatday,maybewewouldn’thaveenoughtoeat.(我爸整天都在外面工作。如果那天他不工作，也许我们就吃不饱了)”和第四段的“Awomanbikingthroughtownwithalittleboyonthebackandabaginthebasketwithhisboots.Uphills.Downhills.Throughthedangerousneighborhoods.Intherain.Inthecold.Inthedark.(一个骑着自行车穿过小镇的女人背着一个小男孩，篮子里有一个包和他的靴子。上山。下山。穿过危险的街区。在雨中。在寒冷中。在黑暗中)”可推知，作者和父母有一个共同的品质，那就是意志坚定，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“NowadayspeoplelookonYouTube,watchtheWorldCupandseetheresults,buttheydon’tknowthejourney.Theydon’tknowaboutmylivingroomwallsturningfromwhitetoblack.Theydon’tknowaboutmyfatherworkingunderalittleroof.Theydon’tknowaboutmymotherridingGracielathroughtherainandthecold.(现在人们在YouTube上看世界杯，看比赛结果，但他们不知道比赛的过程。他们不知道我客厅的墙从白色变成了黑色。他们不知道我父亲在一个小房子里工作。他们不知道我妈妈骑着Graciela在雨中冒着寒冷)”可推知，作者想告诉我们每一个荣耀的背后都有一个故事。故选D。CAbatterymadeofpaperstandsoutamongthe200bestinventionsoftheyearinTIMEMagazine.“Itsoundsimpossible:Justaddwatertoapieceofpaperandgetenergy,”saidTIMEMagazine,whochosetheSwiss-madebatteryasoneofthewinnersinthisyear’s“Experimental”inventions.ThebatterywascreatedbyresearchersattheSwissFederalLaboratoryforMaterialsTestingandResearch.“Overthelastdecades,wehavewitnessedanincreasinguseofelectronicdevices,leadinginturntoelectronicwaste(e-waste)becomingtheworld’sfastestgrowingwastestream.”wrotetheresearchersintheirpublishedpaper.Theydevelopedthepaperbatteryaimingtoreducetheenvironmentalimpactofsingle-useelectronicsbyturningtomoreenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.Thebatterywasdescribedtobemadefrompaperwithsaltinsideandbasedonprintedinks:twokindsofinkscontainingdifferentmineralsactedasthepositiveendandthenegativeend.Analysisoftheperformanceofaone-cellpaperbatteryshowedthataftertwodropsofwaterwereadded,thebatterystartedworkingwithin20secondsandreachedastablevoltage(电压)of1.2V.Afteronehour,theone-cellbattery’sperformancedroppedsignificantlyasthepaperdriedout.Butaftertheresearchersaddedtwoextradropsofwater,itsperformanceincreasedwithastablevoltageof0.5Vforanotherhour.Withintwotofiveyears,thetechnologycouldbeusedinlow-powerelectronicssuchasmedicaldevicesandsmartpackaging.“Iseeanewroleforpaper...thatcouldalsobeananswertothegrowingconcernovere-waste,”saidEMPA’sGustavNyström,theinventor.HetoldTIMEMagazinetheywantedtoimprovetheefficiencyofthebatteryinthefutureandgetitworkingforlonger.EachyearTIMEMagazinelistsaselectionofbestinventionsthat“changehowwelive”,basedontheiroriginality,creativity,efficiency,impactandothercriteria.8.Whatdidtheresearchersaimtodobydevelopingapaperbattery?A.Createmoreenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.B.Winthebestexperimentalinventionofthisyear.CReducetheimpactofelectronicsontheenvironment.D.Makethedevelopmentofelectronicdevicesgrowfaster.9.Howdidtheresearchersincreasetheperformanceofthebattery?A.Byrewettingthepaper. B.Bydroppingmoreink.C.Byshorteningitsworkinghours. D.Byaddinganotherpaperbattery.10.WhataspectofthebatterydotheresearchersplantopromoteaccordingtoGustavNyström?A.Itscreativity. B.Itspackaging. C.Itstechnology. D.Itsefficiency.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Scientistsinventapaperbattery-justaddwater.B.Paperbatteryisnamedamongworld’sbestinventions.C.TIMEMagazinelistsaselectionofinventionseachyear.D.Anewroleforpapermayhelpreducetheelectronicwaste.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是纸电池被评为世界上最好的发明之一。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Theydevelopedthepaperbatteryaimingtoreducetheenvironmentalimpactofsingle-useelectronicsbyturningtomoreenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.(他们开发的纸电池旨在通过转向更环保的材料来减少一次性电子产品对环境的影响)”可推知，研究人员开发纸电池的目的是减少电子产品对环境的影响。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Analysisoftheperformanceofaone-cellpaperbatteryshowedthataftertwodropsofwaterwereadded,thebatterystartedworkingwithin20secondsandreachedastablevoltage(电压)of1.2V.Afteronehour,theone-cellbattery’sperformancedroppedsignificantlyasthepaperdriedout.Butaftertheresearchersaddedtwoextradropsofwater,itsperformanceincreasedwithastablevoltageof0.5Vforanotherhour.(对单芯纸电池的性能分析表明，在加入两滴水后，电池在20秒内开始工作，并达到的稳定电压。一小时后，由于纸张变干，单电池的性能显著下降。但在研究人员额外加入两滴水后，它的性能在的稳定电压下又提高了一个小时)”可知，研究人员通过重新润湿纸张来提高电池的性能。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“HetoldTIMEMagazinetheywantedtoimprovetheefficiencyofthebatteryinthefuturedandgetitworkingforlonger.(他在接受《时代》杂志采访时表示，他们希望在未来提高电池的效率，使其工作时间更长)”可知，研究人员计划提升电池的效率，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Abatterymadeofpaperstandsoutamongthe200bestinventionsoftheyearinTIMEMagazine.(在《时代》杂志评选的年度200项最佳发明中，纸做的电池脱颖而出)”可知，文章主要介绍的是纸电池被评为世界上最好的发明之一。故选B。DAcollegeprofessoratmyuniversityyearsagoshockedhisclasswithafrog.Heshowedoffawoodfrogthatwasstillalivebutfrozensolid.Thensuddenly,hethrewitagainstawallanditbrokeintopieces.Everyonetookaquickdeepbreath.Momentslater,heexplainedthathehadn’tactuallythrownthefrog.Fordramaticeffecthehadswitchedthefrogforalargepieceofice.Butthegoalwastoillustrateapoint:Thatawoodfrogdoesinfactfreezeassolidasicetosurvivethewinter.Thenitthawsagaininthespring.ThewoodfrogisoneofthemostfrequentlystudiedanimalsonEarththatfreezes.First,it’sliquid,it’shoppingaround,thenicecomesonitfromtheoutside.Itsskingetsfrozenalittlebit,itseyesglazeover,itsbrainfreezes,andicepushesbloodtothefrog’sheartbeforeeventuallythat,too,isrocksolid.Thistransitionrequiresmajorchangesinbiochemistry.Iceslowlyformsaroundtheoutsideoforgansandcells.Atthesametime,thefrog’sliverpumpsoutincredibleamountsofglucose—asugaryliquidthatactslikeantifreezeforvitalorgans—thatflowseverywhereincludingtheinsidesofcellstokeepthemfromdying.Buttruesupercoolinginnature—andespeciallywithhumanorgans—comeswithrisks,saysShannonTessier,anassistantprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchoolwhostudieshowsuspendedanimationinnaturecantranslatetohumanorgantransplants.Woodfrogsandotheranimalsthatsurviveextremeconditionsinnaturehavemanyapplicationsinmedicine,especiallyintheworldoforgantransplants,Tessiersays.Ahumanheart,forexample,canonlyexistoutsidethebodyforaboutfourhours.“Sowe’retryingtousetheprinciplesfromwoodfrogswithhighamountsofglucoseandfreezeawholeheartorotherorgan,keepitinsuspendedanimation,safelyawakeit,andtransplantit.”12.Whydidthecollegeprofessortakeafrogtotheclass?A.Toshowoffhisamazingpet. B.Toswitchapieceoficewithit.C.Totellstudentssomefrogfacts. D.Toconductaspecialexperiment.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thaws”meaninparagraph1?A.Freezesitself. B.Comestolife. C.Becomeswarm. D.Turnsbackintowater.14.Whatprotectsthefrozenfrogfromdying?A.Itsicycell. B.Itsvitalorgan. C.Itswarmblood. D.Itssugaryliquid.15.Whowillprobablybenefitfromthefrog’sprinciplesaccordingtoShannonTessier?A.Theonewhohastotakeahearttransplantoperation.B.TheonewhoisapplyingfortheHarvardMedicalSchool.C.Theonewhoworksonthedevelopmentofanewmedicine.D.Theonewhoplanstoexperienceextremeconditionsinnature.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冻成冰块冬眠的木蛙。这种具有超强耐冻能力的动物在冬眠时甚至连呼吸、心跳都停止了，看起来就像被冻死了，但一到春天，它们也会像其他冬眠动物一样苏醒过来。木蛙这种冬眠的方式的确对人类很有启发，比如在医学上应用于对人体器官的低温保存，让病人可以顺利进行器官移植，从而有更大几率存活下来。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Acollegeprofessoratmyuniversityyearsagoshockedhisclasswithafrog.Heshowedoffawoodfrogthatwasstillalivebutfrozensolid.Thensuddenly,hethrewitagainstawallanditbrokeintopieces.Everyonetookaquickdeepbreath.Momentslater,heexplainedthathehadn’tactuallythrownthefrog.Fordramaticeffecthehadswitchedthefrogforalargepieceofice.Butthegoalwastoillustrateapoint:Thatawoodfrogdoesinfactfreezeassolidasicetosurvivethewinter.(几年前，我们大学的一位教授用一只青蛙震惊了全班。他展示了一只林蛙，它还活着，但已经冻成固体了。突然，他把它扔到墙上，它摔成了碎片。每个人都深深地吸了一口气。过了一会儿，他解释说他并没有把青蛙扔出去。为了产生戏剧效果，他把青蛙换成了一大块冰。但这个实验的目的是为了说明一个问题：木蛙为了过冬，确实会冻得像冰一样坚硬)”可知，大学教授要带一只青蛙去上课是为了告诉学生一些青蛙的事实。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Butthegoalwastoillustrateapoint:Thatawoodfrogdoesinfactfreezeassolidasicetosurvivethewinter.(但这个实验的目的是为了说明一个问题：木蛙为了过冬，确实会冻得像冰一样坚硬)”以及后文“againinthespring”可知，木蛙为了过冬，确实会冻得像冰一样坚硬。然后在春天再次复苏过来。故画线词意思是“复苏”。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Atthesametime,thefrog’sliverpumpsoutincredibleamountsofglucose—asugaryliquidthatactslikeantifreezeforvitalorgans—thatflowseverywhereincludingtheinsidesofcellstokeepthemfromdying.(与此同时，青蛙的肝脏会排出大量的葡萄糖——一种含糖液体，对重要器官起防冻剂的作用——这些葡萄糖流动到包括细胞内部在内的所有地方，以防止它们死亡)”可知，含糖液体保护冻青蛙免于死亡。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Sowe’retryingtousetheprinciplesfromwoodfrogswithhighamountsofglucoseandfreezeawholeheartorotherorgan,keepitinsuspendedanimation,safelyawakeit,andtransplantit.(因此，我们正试图利用含有大量葡萄糖的木蛙的原理，冷冻整个心脏或其他器官，使其处于假死状态，安全地唤醒它，然后移植)”可知，ShannonTessier准备将木蛙原理运用到器官移植的技术中，因此一个接受心脏移植手术的人最有可能从这个原理中获益。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TeasingKidsAboutTheirWeightMayMakeThemGainMoreSchoolcanbetoughonkidswhohaveoverweightorobesity.They’reoftencruellyteasedandbullied.____16____,whichwasconfirmedinastudyofPediatricObesity.Thestudyfoundthatmakingfunofkidsfortheirweightislinkedtoincreasedweightgainwellintoadulthood—themoreteasingthatkidsandteensexperience,themoreweighttheymaygain.Toassessthelinkbetweenteasingandweightgain,theauthorsurveyed110childrenandyoungteenswhowereeitheroverweightthemselvesorwhohadtwoparentswithoverweight.____17____.Duringthefirstvisit,thekidswereaskedwhethertheyhadbeenbulliedfortheirsize.Amongparticipantswithoverweight,62%reportedtheyhadbeenteasedatleastonce,while21%ofstraight-size,at-riskparticipantsreportedtheyhadbeen.____18____.Whethertheyhadoverweightatthestudy’sstartornot,thosewhoreportedbeingteasedoftenfortheirweightgained33%morebodymass,onaverage,and91%morefatperyearthantheirpeerswhoweren’tteased.____19____.“Butwecansayweight-basedteasingwassignificantlylinkedwithweightgainovertime,”shesays.____20____.Teasingcanalsoleadtoincreasedlevelsofthestresshormonecortisol,whichcanstimulateappetite,andincreaseriskfordepressionandanxiety—bothofwhichcontributetodisorderedeating.Italsomaydrivekidsawayfromphysicalactivitieslikesportsandgymclasses,wheretheyriskgettingmadefunoffortheirsize.A.TeasingmighthaveundefinedeffectsB.Researchersfollowedabout8.5yearsC.BullyingmayhavecontinuousconsequencesD.Othersshowedshamemaycauseover-eatingE.ThestudyshowsteasingmightincreaseweightgainF.TheauthornotesthestudycannotdeterminecausalityG.Overweightparentsmakechildrenatriskofoverweight【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.F20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了取笑孩子的体重可能会让他们增重更多，并介绍了相关研究。【16题详解】根据后文“whichwasconfirmedinastudyofPediatricObesity.(这在一项关于儿童肥胖的研究中得到了证实)”可知，本句应该填写半句话且是实验结论。故C选项“欺凌可能会产生持续的后果”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Toassessthelinkbetweenteasingandweightgain,theauthorsrecruited110childrenandyoungteenswhowereeitheroverweightthemselvesorwhohadtwoparentswithoverweight.(为了评估取笑和体重增加之间的联系，作者招募了110名儿童和青少年，他们要么自己超重，要么父母都超重)”可知，讲述的是研究对象的特点。备选项应当描述相关特点。故G选项“超重的父母会使孩子有超重的风险”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Amongparticipantswithoverweight,62%reportedtheyhadbeenteasedatleastonce,while21%ofstraight-size,at-riskparticipantsreportedtheyhadbeen.(在超重的参与者中，62%的人表示自己至少被戏弄过一次，而在身材笔直、有风险的参与者中有21%的人表示曾经被戏弄过)”以及后文“Whethertheyhadoverweightatthestudy’sstartornot,thosewhoreportedbeingteasedoftenfortheirweightgained33%morebodymass,onaverage,and91%morefatperyearthantheirpeerswhoweren’tteased.(无论他们在研究开始时是否超重，那些经常因体重而被取笑的人平均每年比没有被取笑的同龄人多增33%的体重，多增91%的脂肪)”可知，前后都提到了实验的具体细节。所以此处选项是关于实验的具体细节。故B选项“研究人员跟踪了大约年”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文““Butwecansayweight-basedteasingwassignificantlylinkedwithweightgainovertime,”shesays.(“但我们可以说,基于体重的嘲讽与随着时间的推移体重增加有着显著的联系，”她说)”是对实验结论的描述，可知本句同样是在论述作者的观点。故F选项“作者指出，该研究不能确定因果关系”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】根据后文“Teasingcanalsoleadtoincreasedlevelsofthestresshormonecortisol,whichcanstimulateappetite,andincreaseriskfordepressionandanxiety—bothofwhichcontributetodisorderedeating.Italsomaydrivekidsawayfromphysicalactivitieslikesportsandgymclasses,wheretheyriskgettingmadefunoffortheirsize.(戏弄还会导致应激激素皮质醇水平升高，从而刺激食欲，增加抑郁和焦虑的风险——这两种情况都会导致饮食失调。这也可能会让孩子们远离体育运动和体育课等体育活动，因为在这些活动中，他们有因体型而被取笑的风险)”可知，本短的主旨是羞愧可能导致暴饮暴食，故D选项“其他人表示羞愧可能导致暴饮暴食”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SnowhadjustmeltedoffthegroundthatAprildayatourhouseinReginaBeach.Myhusband,Carl,hadjustcleanedupthepoolinpreparationforsellingour____21____.Theyearbefore,Carlhadlosthisjob,andnowour____22____situationwasserious,sowehadfinallyputourhomeonthe____23____.ThethoughtoflosingourbeautifulhomewasalmostmorethanIcouldbear.Deepin____24____,IsattypingupajobapplicationletterforCarl.OutofthecornerofmyeyeIcouldseeourthirteen-month-oldson,Forrest,playingnearourtwobeloveddogs,NanaandSasa.Ihadn’ttypedmorethantwosentenceswhenNana,began____25____violentlyandrunningbackandforth,overlookingourpool.I____26____toseewhatwashappening.Suddenly,IrealizedForrestwasnowheretobeseen.Thentomyhorror,myeyes____27____Forrest’syellowsleeperinthepool.Sasawas____28____doingherbesttokeephimafloatbyholdingontohissleeperwithhermouth.IrealizedthatForresthadsomehowfallenintothepool.Inasplitsecond,Idovein,liftedmy____29____babyoutandcarriedhiminside.ButwhenIrealizedForrestwasn’tbreathing,Ibegantogointo____30____.Thankfully,Carl,whowastrainedinCPR,arrivedandthen____31____Istoodbywithmyheartinmy____32____,andafteraboutthreeminutes,Forrestbeganto____33____again.Thingsinourlivesaremuchbetternow.Mostimportantly,almostlosingForrest-andthengettinghimback-____34____anydespairImighthavehadaboutlosingourhome.Ahousecanalwaysbereplaced,butknowingwehaveeachotheristhegreatest____35____ofall.21.A.snow B.beach C.house D.dogs22.A.traveling B.working C.political D.financial23.A.market B.coast C.road D.corner24.A.happiness B.despair C.anger D.curiosity25.A.bathing B.biting C.barking D.beating26.A.hoped B.managed C.pretended D.raced27.A.caughtsightof B.tookcareof C.brokeawayfrom D.lookeddownon28.A.bravely B.hesitantly C.fiercely D.patiently29.A.heavy B.cheerful C.precious D.newborn30.A.surprise B.shape C.thought D.shock31.A.turnedup B.tookover C.calmeddown D.checkedout32.A.throat B.mind C.stomach D.chest33.A.breathe B.sleep C.stretch D.laugh34.A.increased B.simplified C.erased D.beautified35.A.accident B.emergency C.suffering D.blessing【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的孩子不慎落水，幸得家中爱犬相救，这次经历，让绝望中的作者感悟到家人安康，是人生幸事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫Carl刚刚清理了游泳池，为卖房子做准备。A.snow雪；B.beach沙滩；C.house房子；D.dogs狗。根据希望“losingourbeautifulhome”可知，作者要卖房子。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一年前，Carl失业了，现在我们的财务状况很严重，所以我们终于把房子挂牌出售了。A.traveling旅行（用）的；B.working与工作有关的；C.political政治的；D.financial经济的。根据上文“Carlhadlosthisjob”可知，Carl失业了，作者家里财务状况很严重。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年前，Carl失业了，现在我们的财务状况很严重，所以我们终于把房子挂牌出售了。A.market市场；B.coast海岸；C.road道路；D.corner角落。根据下文“losingourbeautifulhome”可知，作者家里把房子挂牌出售了，就是把房子放入市场出售。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我绝望地坐着，为Carl打了一封求职信。A.happiness快乐；B.despair绝望；C.anger愤怒；D.curiosity好奇心。根据上文“losingourbeautifulhome”可知，作者家里要卖房子，财政状况糟糕，所以作者绝望。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没打两句话，Nana就开始狂吠起来，来回跑着，俯瞰着我们的游泳池。A.bathing沐浴；B.biting咬；C.barking吠；D.beating敲，击，打。根据上文“twobeloveddogs,NanaandSasa”可知，Nana是一只狗，因此此处是狗在叫，空格处是barking。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑过去看发生了什么事。A.hoped希望；B.managed管理；C.pretended假装；D.raced快速移动。根据上文“Nana,began____5____violentlyandrunningbackandforth,overlookingourpool”可知，作者听见狗在狂吠，所以快速跑过去看看发生了什么事。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，令我惊恐的是，我的眼睛看到了Forrest在水池里的黄色卧车。A.caughtsightof看见；B.tookcareof照顾；C.brokeawayfrom脱离；D.lookeddownon看不起。根据下文“Forrest’syellowsleeperinthepool”可知，作者的眼睛看到了Forrest在水池里的黄色卧车。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Sasa勇敢地用嘴抓住他的卧车，尽力让他浮在水面上。A.bravely勇敢地；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.fiercely猛烈地；D.patiently耐心地。根据下文“doingherbesttokeephimafloatbyholdingontohissleeperwithhermouth”可知，Sasa勇敢地用嘴抓住他的卧车，尽力让他浮在水面上。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一瞬间，我扑了进去，把我宝贝的孩子抱了出来，抱进了屋里。A.heavy重的；B.cheerful快乐