人教版新目标英语-初中英语-中考对中学英语教学的反拨作用课件

大家好全品英语中考对中学英语教学的反拨作用长沙市芙蓉区教育科研中心入梓而知趣求忠以自为

一、反拨研究概况

二、问卷调查分析

三、教学基本对策一、反拨研究概况Hughes（1989）

“PPP”

washbackeffectmodelParticipants,Process&Product一个测试的性质将首先影响参与者对其教学和学习任务的理解和态度，而这种理解和态度又反过来影响参与者完成任务的过程，从而影响教学和学习的结果。Alderson(2004)课程设置（CourseDesign）课程实施（CourseDelivery）课程监控（CourseControl）课程评估（CourseAssessment）教

育

者（Educator)人才培养（Personneltraining)《语言测试的反拨效应：研究内容与方法》WashbackinLanguageTesting:ResearchContentsandMethodsLiyingCheng,YoshinoriWatanabeandAndyCurtis.2004NJ:LawrenceErlbaumPress二、问卷调查分析

1、中考复习四大法宝的知晓情况项目(06-09)很熟较熟了解不熟省考标22%35%29%14%市考标70%15%15%/市真题60%29%11%/新课标18%36%34%12%2、中考英语复习材料的使用频率项

目总是经常有时偶尔从不现行初三课本9.7323.8930.9732.732.65初一初二课本7.9629.2027.4312.3923.01近年各省真题14.1649.5620.3514.161.77实用语法专著7.0839.8228.3211.5011.50重点中学模拟8.8553.9819.4717.70/自制复习课件/30.0931.8625.6612.39各种音像资料/7.0816.8148.6727.43网络名师讲座/15.9335.4044.254.42项目总是经常有时偶尔从不根据音标记忆单词9.447.5114.8128.1140.13及时查找所遇生词8.8030.4741.6311.167.94观看英语原声影视4.944.2923.8245.2821.67阅读课外英文读物1.726.6533.9140.9916.74与同学用英语交流0.003.4322.7542.7031.12阅读语法专项书籍1.7210.5240.3430.6916.74背诵英文名句佳篇1.7214.8145.0623.1815.24学唱英文歌谣歌曲4.514.7229.6134.9826.183、学生运用学习策略的频率4、中考测试的消极反拨作用

1)缩窄课程涵盖内容2)流失有效教学时间3)淡化复杂问题思考4)削弱教师教学技能5)培育知能两极分数三、教学基本对策(一)“读”领风骚（理论、教材、短文）(二)“研”出法随（考试、学生、规律）(三)“思”心杂念（课标、基础、练习）(四)“享”入非非（资源、技术、思想）(一)“读”领风骚

AgreatparttotheinformationIhavewasacquiredbylookingupsomethingandfindingsomethingelseontheway.

我的大部分知识都是这样获得的：在寻找某个资料时意外地发现了另外的资料。-----AdamsFranklin

(1881-1960)1、读理论

1)读学习理论2)读专业理论3)读教学流派理论名称代表人物理论派别教学模式中古学习心理学思想孔子Confucius儒家哲学启发式教学心理训练说psychologicaltraining

亚里斯多德Aristotle古典人本主义重复训练联想说association洛克Lock联想主义心理学提供直接经验统觉说apperception

赫尔巴特Herbart构造主义心理学阶段教学联结说connection

桑代克Thorndike机能主义心理学尝试和训练1)读学习理论经典条件反射理论classicalconditionedreflex

巴甫洛夫

Pavlov反射理论条件刺激与无条件刺激结合行为习惯说behaviouralhabits华生Waston行为主义心理学行为塑造操作性条件反射说instrumental

斯金纳Skinner新行为主义程序教学顿悟说insighttheory

苛勒Cohler格式塔心理学提供良好观察认知期待说cognitiveexpectancy托尔曼Tolman行为格式塔提供路径认知发现说cognitivediscovery

布鲁纳Bruner认知心理学最佳教学论有意义言语学习理论meaningfulverballearning

奥苏贝尔Ausubel认知心理学讲授式教学认知指导说cognitionguidance

加涅

Gagne信息加工心理学八阶段教学论社会学习理论Sociallearning

班杜拉Bandura行为认知心理学提供良好榜样人本主义学习观Humanisticlearning

罗杰斯Rogers人本主义心理学学生中心2)读专业理论英语教师必读书目【语言教师行动研究

ActionResearchforLanguageTeachers】【交际课堂的任务设计

DesigningTasksfortheCommunicativeClassroom】【交互性语言教学

InteractiveLanguageTeaching】【情感与语言学习

AffectinLanguageLearning】

【交际语言教学论

CommunicativeLanguageTeaching】

【外语与第二语言学习

ForeignandSecondLanguageLearning】

【语言教师心理学初探

PsychologyforLanguageTeachers

】【外语教师测试手册

TestingforLanguageTeachers】【论语言教学环境

TheContextofLanguageTeaching】【外语教学研究方法——教育统计学导读

UnderstandingResearchinSecond

LanguageLearning】3)读教学流派CommunicativeapproachDirectMethodTLTApproachTotalPhysicalResponseAudio-lingualmethodAudioVisualApproach

communicativeapproach语言功能项目特定社会语境运用语言交际1960s威尔金斯(Wilkins)亚历山大(Alexander)

Mainfeature

(1)创造运用(2)意念为纲

(3)过程交际(4)话语单位

(5)综合训练(6)错误容忍

(7)学生中心(8)手段多样

(9)情景精髓Advantages:影响最大、生命力最强Disadvantages:（1）功能项目问题(function/notion)（2）语法教学问题(use/usage)DirectMethod自然法(NaturalMethod)心理法(PsychologicalMethod)口语法(OralMethod)改良法(ReformedMethod)Representatives:贝力兹（M.D.Berlitz）艾盖尔特（B.Eggert）帕默（H.E.Palmer）Advantages:

1.采用直观教具

2.直接学习应用

3.重视语音教学Disadvantages:

1.排斥母语

2.错误较多Task-basedLanguageTeachingApproach

任务六要素（一）目标（二）内容（三）程序（四）输入材料（五）角色（六）情景Advantages

1.任务活动多样－－学习兴趣

2.知识技能结合－－语用能力

3.参与活动思维－－主体作用

4.小组双人活动－－面向全体

5.内容广信息多－－拓宽视域

6.边活动边应变－－全面发展

7.独立积极参与－－良好习惯

Disadvantages

1.课堂效率低

2.依赖程度高

3.反馈效率低

TotalPhysicalResponseJamesAsher1960s提出听力理解领先身体反应语言预先做好准备降低紧张情绪

Advantages吸引注意提供环境左右协调快乐需求整句学用

Disadvantages

抽象无解容易疲劳

Audiolingualmethod1940sAmerica口语法句型法结构法军队教学法Advantages1.听说领先2.反复模仿3.强调句型4.限制母语5.对比结构6.及时纠错7.手段先进Disadvantages忽视读写机械重复脱离语境AudioVisualApproach1950sFrance1)语言情景结合2)重视口语教学3)重视句型教学4)生活情景对话5)排除母语中介

Disadvantages

1.过分强调整体，忽视分析训练

2.忽视书面形式，割断口语书面Advantages

1.调动多种感官，利于培养语感

2.直接建立联系，利于外语思维2、读教材BrianTomlinson(英国)DevelopingMaterialsforLanguageTeaching动情：学生生活相关，激发学习兴趣，情感体验学习动脑：在学习中获得新经验并反思以往经验动手：做(有意义的)事，开发能力七年级上册Unit1Myname’sGina.Unit2Isthisyourpencil?Unit3Thisismysister.Unit4Where'smybackpack?Unit5Doyouhaveasoccerball?Unit6Doyoulikebananas?Unit7Howmucharethesepants?Unit8Whenisyourbirthday?Unit9Doyouwanttogoamovie?Unit10Canyouplaytheguitar?Unit11Whattimedoyougotoschool?

Unit12Myfavoritesubjectisscience.七年级下册Unit1Where'syourpenpalfrom?

Unit2Where'sthepostoffice?Unit3Whydoyoulikekoalas?Unit4Iwanttobeanactor.Unit5I'mwatchingTV.Unit6It'sraining!Unit7whatdoeshelooklike?Unit8I'dlikesomenoodles.Unit9Howwasyourweekend?Unit10Wheredidyougoonvacation?Unit11Whatdoyouthinkofgameshows?Unit12Don‘teatinclass.八年级上册Unit1Howoftendoyouexercise?

Unit2What'sthematter?

Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?

Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?

Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?

Unit6I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.

Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananasmoothie?Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?

Unit9Whenwasheborn?Unit10I'mgoingtobeabasketballplayer.

Unit11Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

Unit12What‘sthebestradiostation?八年级下册Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?Unit2WhatshouldIdo?Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?Unit4HesaidIwashard-working.Unit5Ifyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime!Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?Unit7Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?Unit8Whydon'tyougetherascarf?Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?Unit10It'saniceday,isn'tit?九年级Unit1Howdoyoustudyforatest?Unit2Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.Unit3Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.Unit4Whatwouldyoudo？Unit5ItmustbelongtoCarla.Unit6IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Unit7Wherewouldyouliketovisit?Unit8I'llhelpcleanupthecityparks.Unit9Whenwasitinvented?Unit10BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.Unit11Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?Unit12You'resupposedtoshakehands.Unit13Rainydaysmakemesad.Unit14Haveyoupackedyet?Unit15We'retryingtosavethemanateese!对策：*依托话题，创设活动，激发热情*巧用词汇，开发心智，鼓励用脑*广涉资源，积极比照，语不离手途径：*重精读，上好每一篇课文。*抓略读，选好一本配套书。*促泛读，用好每一种渠道。3、读短文语篇短语境强语感好语言精1)语篇短

Reportsthatsaythatsomethinghasn’thappenedarealwaysinterestingtome,becauseasweknow,thereareknownknowns;therearethingsweknowweknow.Wealsoknowthereareknownunknowns;i.e.,weknowtherearesomethingswedonotknow.Buttherearealsounknownunknowns—theoneswedon’tknowwedon’tknow.

FOOT

IN

MOUTH2)语境强 Thefirstsnowcame.Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilently,alldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead.3)语感好Istheregoingtobeariseinthepriceofrice?Ifawisechildbuyssomenicewhitericeatonceandthepriceofricedoesn’trise,hewon’tgetanyprize.Imightfindakindofunkindbrightlightinhiseyesatnight.Imustadvisehim,asmyadviceisalwaysquiteniceandright.Youcanreaditinthepaper.Youcanreadwhatpeoplesay.Youcanfinditinthepaper,mostpapersintheU.S.A.Sometimesyoucanfindgoodnews.Sometimesthenewsisbad.Sometimesthenewsmakesyouhappy.Sometimesitonlymakesyoumad.Butifyouwanttobeinformed,takemyrecommendation.Gotoanewsstandandpickupapaper,Ifyouwantinformation.Ifyouwanttoreadthenews...Lookinthepaper.Ifyouwantanopinion...Ifyouwanttobuyahouse...Ifyou'relookingforajob...Ifyouwanttobuyacar...Ifyouwanttoseeashow...Ifyouwanttoknowthescore...Ifyouwanttheweatherforecast...Ifyouwanttoseecomics...Ifyouhavemoneytoinvest...Ifyouwantarecipe...Ifyouneedavacation... 4)语言精(二)“研”出法随1、研究考试2、研究学生3、研究规律1、研究考试(以补全对话为例)名称数量名称数量补全对话32口语交际应用24完成对话11情景交际运用9情景对话6communication5日常对话4对话填空3写句子2词汇运用2选词填空1书面表达1(2009全国中考“补全对话”试题使用的名称及数量)内容卷数内容卷数打电话18购物9过去事14就餐7将来事10问路5求帮助7建议4家庭事3学习3买汽车1热点3做衣服1爱好3谈地方1慈善活动1谈身体1交通安全1访个人1其他情景7(2009全国中考“补全对话”考查内容及数量)答题形式1、选择式：7句选5方框单词或短语

I------II栏配对2、填写式：句子单词

首字母单词

中文情景填英文短语或句子主要问题1、控制过强(首字母)2、要求不明(两项多余、用单词短语或句子)3、分类不妥(阅读、写作？)4、梯度不够

5、抄写费时6、分值过高

7、话题重复2、研究学生当下社会的不好评价“四有四无四不得”有知识无智慧沉不得有目标无信仰骂不得有规范无道德亏不得有个性无合作苦不得拿什么征服学生？真情实感真心实意真抓实干真才实学学习者类型类型优点不足速战速决型集中突击、角色扮演、解决问题不深入、合作少、不持久浮想联翩型深入思考、点子较多、喜欢评价不守时、变化快、难管理逻辑推理型乐于探究、有条不紊、擅于组织自省少、创新少、合作少广泛涉猎型兴趣、纵观大局、擅于创造重细节、少甄别、无重心3、研究规律1)主题词汇图示化2)基本词汇趣味化*①Tonguetwisters:Ifyounoticethisnotice,youwillnoticethatthisnoticeisnotworthnoticing.Thatfatmansaidthatthatthatthatthatblackmansaidwasthatbad.Mr.Cooksaidtoacook,“thecook-bookisverygood.Pleasetakealook.”*②Greatthoughts:Youhavetobelieveinyourself.That'sthesecretofsuccess.Manstrugglesupwards;waterflowsdownwards.Agreatmanisalwayswillingtobelittle.*③Kids’chantTheanimalsareracing!Watchthemgo!Twelfthisthepig;he'stheverylast.Eleventhisthedog;heisn’trunningfast.Tenthistherooster;eatingapear.Ninthisthemonkey;jumpingintheair.Eighthisthesheep;he’slookingdown.Seventhisthehorse;bigandbrown.Sixthisthesnake;she'slongandthin.Fifthisthedragon;hewantstowin.Fourthistherabbit,hopandbounce.Thirdisthetiger,waitingtopounce.Secondisthebull;hecan’tbelievehiseyes.Becausefirstistherat,naughtybutwise.Butwhereisthecat,withtheblackandwhiteface?He’sstillsleeping;hecan’tfinishtherace!3)知识构建系统化+v-ing

Kummspafei酷美媚，死怕肥keep

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