名词性从句课件-高三英语一轮复习

高考英语语法-名词性从句部分Loremipsumdolorsitamet,consectetueradipiscingelit.Maecenasporttitorconguemassa.Fusceposuere,magnasedpulvinarultricies,puruslectusmalesuadalibero名词性从句Enteryourtexthere在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它们在句中的不同语法功能，又可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句引导词PART01引导词Enteryourtexthere引导名词性从句的有三类：从属连词、连接代词、连接副词。从属连词：as,asif,because,that,whether,if等连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,which,whichever连接副词：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever引导词Enteryourtexthere（1）从属连词从属连词：as,asif,because,that,whether,if等That、whether、if是不做成分的，而that没有实际意义，后两者表示“是否”不做成分，引导主语从句Hesaidthathehadalreadyknownthenews.宾语从句HeaskedifMr.Gilbert’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.宾语从句引导词Enteryourtexthere引导词Enteryourtexthere（2）连接代词连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,which,whichever既有代词功能，又起到引导词的作用。一般都是表示疑问，有实际意义What

weshoulddowiththeproblemisundecided.What

hesaidencouragedmegreatly.I’mwonderingwhateveryousaidmadehersoangry.Whatworriesusmostiswholetoutthesecret.引导词Enteryourtexthere（3）连接副词连接副词：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever既有副词功能，也有引导词功能。Whenweshallmeetagainisunknown.Idon’tknowhowIcangetoutofsuchtrouble.Thisiswheretheaccidenthappened.主语从句PART03主语从句EnteryourtexthereThat引导的主语从句：（1）that位于句首Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.Thatthecollegewilltakeinmorestudentsisknowntoall.Thatyoudon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.主语从句Enteryourtexthere主语从句Enteryourtextherewhether引导的主语从句：whether一般都位于句首，表示“是否”Whetherhecanfinishhistaskontimeisofgreatimportance.Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.Whetherwecanarrivethereontimedependsonthetraffic.主语从句EnteryourtexthereWh-类（连接代词和连接副词）引导的主语从句Howtheywillsolvetheproblemhasnotbeendecided.Wherewecanlookuphisaddressisstillaproblem.主语从句Enteryourtexthere陈述语序Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.Howtheywillsolvetheproblemhasnotbeendecided.表语从句PART04表语从句Enteryourtexthere引导的表语从句Thepointisthatwecan’tconvincethecourtofhisguilt.Thefactisthatweshoulddependonourselves.如果用于建议“advice\suggest”+shoulddo，should可以省略Myadviceisthatyou(should)thinkitoverbeforeyoumakeadecision.表语从句Enteryourtexthere引导的表语从句Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.Thequestionisthatwhethermyparentsagreewithme.Theproblemiswhethertheairpollutioncanbecontrolled.Thequestionremainswhethertheywillbeabletohelpme.表语从句Enteryourtexthere引导的表语从句Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.Thequestionishowwecanpersuadehimtogo.ThisiswhatIaminterestedin.Thatwaswherewecampedlasttime.表语从句Enteryourtexthere4.as,asif,asthough引导的表语从句前面一般跟特定的动词feel、sound、look、smell、seemHelookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.Itsounds

asifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.Atthattime,itseemedasthoughIcouldn’tthinkoftherightworld.如果跟假设或者与事实不符，那它可以用于虚拟语气表语从句Enteryourtexthere引导的表语从句That’sbecausehedidn’tunderstandme.It’sjustbecausehedoesn’tknowher.同位语从句PART05同位语从句Enteryourtexthere1.不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是表示抽象意义的词。常见的有:advice建议belief信念，相信doubt怀疑fact事实fear害怕feeling感觉explanation解释idea主意news消息opinion观点hope希望order命令possibility可能性promise答应，诺言problem问题probablity;可能性question问题reply答复report报道suggestion建议thought想法truth事实wish愿望warning警告同位语从句Enteryourtexthere同位语从句Enteryourtexthere同位语从句Enteryourtexthere同位语从句Enteryourtexthere同位语从句中的虚拟语气等表示“建议、命令，在suggestion,advice,request,order,demand,requirement动词原形”的虚拟语要求”的名词后,同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”结构，句中的should可以省略。Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe(should)usetheconmputer.宾语从句PART06宾语从句Enteryourtexthere在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类:动词的宾语大句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句Enteryourtexthere不同连接词引导的宾语从句that引导的宾语从句:that没有实际意义也不做成分，在宾语从句中通常可以省略（口语）Ithink(that)youshouldturntotheteacherforhelp.Hesaid(that)hecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.Hesuggested(that)weshouldcleanthecorridoreveryday.Hetoldme(that)hewouldleaveDalianAirportat8p.m.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere(2)if/whether引导的宾语从句:“是否”Nobodyknowsif/whetherhelikesschoolornot.Hehasn'tdecidedif/whetherhe'llgoonatriptoWuxi.Idon'tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.Iwonderwhetherwestayorwhetherwego.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere(3)wh类连接词引导的宾语从句wh类连接词包括连接代词(who,whom,what,which,whoever,whichever等)和连接副词(when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等)。DoyouknowwhohaswontheRedAlertgame?Hewantedtoknowwhatthemanagerhadsaidatthemeeting.Thepolieaskedmehowtheacidethappened.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere2动词、介词、形容词后的宾语从句(1)动词后的宾语从句①大多数动词：都是可以跟宾语从句的Ihope（that）youcanjoinusinthegame.Iexpectyourteamwillwin.

宾语从句Enteryourtexthere特别提示:①动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe,guess,suppose,assume等后有宾语补足语时：it作形式宾语，把that引导的宾语从句置于句末Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday.IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere特别提示:②动词hate,like,take,owe,have,takeforgranted等表示喜欢,痛恨，认为”的词或短语和seeto(注意，留意)：它们不能直接跟宾语从句，而是要形式宾语itIhateit

whentheytalkwiththeirmouthfulloffood!Whenyoustarttheengine,youmustseetoit

thatthecarisinneural.Somestudentsjusttakeitforgrantedthattheywillpasstheexams.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere②有些“动词+副词”结构后可跟宾语从句。有些“动词+副词”结构如figureout,workout,findout,pointoutScientistspointoutthattheglobeisgettingwarmerandwarmer.

Canyoufigureoutwhatthepoetreallymeansinthispoem?

PleasefindoutwhentheshipsailsforNewYork.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere③动词短语也可带宾语从句Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.Weshouldkeepinmindthatsportscanhelpusdevelopbothourbodiesandcharacters.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere（2）介词后的宾语从句：Sheisalwaysthinkingofhowshecandomoreforothers.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere用that引导的从句作介词宾语时，一般需要用形式宾语it替代,然后将that从句放在最后。介词except,but后可直接接宾语从句。YoumaydependonitthatIshallalwayshelpyou.Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheisateacher.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere宾语从句Enteryourtexthere宾语从句的注意事项:(1)语序：陈述句语序Iamwonderingifyoucouldhelpme.

Heaskedmewhenwewouldstartthenextday.Didyoufindoutwhereshelosthercar?宾语从句Enteryourtexthere宾语从句的注意事项:(2)宾语从句的时态宾语从句中谓语动词的时态常常受到主句谓语动词的影响，因而在使用时要注意主从句两部分的时态保持一致。①当主句是一般现在时，那从句就可以用任何适合的时态。Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.（一般现在时）Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.（一般将来时）Shesays(that))shehasneverbeentoMountEmei.（现在完成时）宾语从句Enteryourtexthere②当主句是一般过去时，那从句就用相应的过去时态。Hesaidthattherewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.Hesaidthathewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.Hesaidthattheywerehavingameetingatthattime.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere③当从句表示的是科学事实或者真理，不管主句是什么时态，从句都是一般现在时Theteachertoldusthatnothingisdifficultifweputourheartsintoit.Shesaidthatherfatheristwentyeightyearsolderthanher.Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.Hesaidthatheusuallygetsupat5:30andgoestoschoolat7:00.宾语从句Enteryourtexthere(3)宾语从句的否定转移:主句谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,guess等,从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。Idon'tbelievethatsheistellingalie.Idon‘tthinkthey‘IIstickouttothelastminute.Idon'tsupposethat'shisfault,isit?宾语从句Enteryourtexthere(4)宾语从句中引导词that不可省略的情况