英语短对话市公开课一等奖百校联赛优质课金奖名师赛课获奖课件

大学英语四级听力技巧1/61考试题型短对话（8个选择题，8%）长对话（7个选择题，7%）短文（10个选择题，10%）复合式听写（10个单词或短语，10%）2/61对话部分（Conversations）包含短对话和长对话，均采取多项选择题形式进行考评。对话部分共15题。每段对话均朗诵一遍，每个问题后留有15秒答题时间。短对话约有8段，每段为一轮对话和一个问题；长对话有两段，每段为5-10轮对话和3-4个问题。短文了解（Passages)。多项选择题型短文有3篇，每篇长度为200-250词，朗诵一遍，每篇3-4题，共10题，每个问题后留有15秒答题时间。短文听写原复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写，这部分测试采取一篇200-250词短文，要求考生在听懂短文基础上，用所听到原文填写空缺单词或词组，共10题。短文播放三遍。3/61短对话短对话失分原因短对话相对而言，内容短，信息量少，是考生得分点，即使如此，因为种种原因，有考生还是以为做短对话困难重重，归结起来不怪乎下面几个原因：4/611.刚才进入听力部分考试，精神难以马上集中。2.因为对话短，稍有疏忽就错过主要信息，而且难以依据简短上下文推断。3.听到生词反应不及，慌张下漏听其它信息。4.在一道题上思索时间太多，直到下面一段对话开始，结果瞬间错过对话内容。以上种种原因，能够在早时模拟训练中做实战练习来防止。5/61短对话包含明示题和暗示题。明示题是能够直接在所听内容中听到答案暗示题是指对话中没有直接说明答案，需要依据内容做一些推测，计算等。四级考试中暗示题是占大部分，不过依然会出现少许明示题，而对于占绝大多数暗示题能够按问题类型分为：事实情况题，行为活动题，观点态度题，地点场景题，谈论话题型，虚拟语气是否定转折题，身份关系题及数字信息题等。6/61短对话1事实情况题2行为活动题3观点态度题4地点场景题5谈论话题型6虚拟语气是否定转折题7身份关系题8数字信息题7/611.事实情况题问题是关于谈话一方或双方说了什么、所处状态、做某事原因何在、结果怎样等。提问方式通常为：Whatdowelearnfromthisconversation?Whatdoesthemanmean?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?8/61解题技巧：1.依据选项特点判断问题类型

（陈说事实情况，普通现在时或过去时）2.正确选项普通不会是原文细节再现

（同义转换，或依据内容推断事实)3.注意捕捉选项中关键词

(某事原因或结果为考查重点，注意动词）9/61真题示例：-6-13[A]Themanregretsbeingabsent-minded.[B]Thewomansavedthemansometrouble.[C]Themanplacedthereadinglistonadesk.[D]Thewomanemptiedthewastepaperbasket.10/61M:IwishIhadn’tthrownawaythatreadinglist!W:Ithoughtyoumightregretit.That’swhyIpickeditupfromthewastepaperbasketandleftitonthedesk.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?11/612.行为活动题问题是关于谈话一方或双方做过、正在做、准备去做什么，或一方提议另一方去做什么。提问方式通常为：Whatwilltheman/womanmostprobablydo?Whatarethespeakersprobablygoing/tryingtodo?Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?12/61行为活动题解题技巧：1.依据选项特点判断题型(选项普通是动词短语形式）2.听音时留心对话中动词，尤其注意与选项中动词相关信息。3.注意表示请求或提议句式或短语。如：Whydon’tyou…?Whatabout…?Let’s…;You’dbetter…;IfIwereyou,Iwould…;I’dliketo…;Youmightaswell…13/61行为活动题真题示例：-12A.Haveashortbreak.B.Taketwoweeksoff.C.Continueherworkoutdoors.D.Goonvacationwiththeman.14/61M:You’vehadyourhandsfullandhavebeenoverworkedduringthelasttwoweeks.Ithinkyoureallyneedtogooutandgetsomefreshairandsunshine.W:Youareright.That’sjustwhatIamthinkingabout.Q:Whatisthewomanprobablytodo?15/613.观点态度题

问题是关于谈话一方对另一方或第三方行为、品德、观点等态度或评价。提问方式通常为：Whatdoesthewoman/manmean/imply?Howdoesthewoman/manfeelabout...?Whatdoesthewoman/manthinkof…?16/61观点态度题解题技巧:1.依据选项特点判断问题类型。

(观点态度类试题选项中普通都含有一些引出观点态度动词或短语，常见有：think,believe,find,guess,imagine,consider,asfarasIknow等。)2.熟悉表示观点态度常见词语。3.把握说话人语气。17/61观点态度题真题示例:-6[A]TheEdwardsarequitewell-off.[B]TheEdwardsshouldcutdownontheirlivingexpenses.[C]It'llbeunwisefortheEdwardstobuyanotherhouse.[D]It'stooexpensivefortheEdwardstoliveintheirpresenthouse.18/61W:IhearthattheEdwardsarethinkingofbuyinganotherhouse.M:Shouldtheybedoingthatwithalltheotherexpensestheyhavetopay?Anyhow,theyareover70now,theirpresenthouseisnottoobad.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?19/614.地点场景题

问题是关于对话发生场所、地点或者包括到人或事物所处位置。提问方式通常为：Whereistheconversationmostprobablytakingplace?Wherearethetwopeople?Whatkindofstoreisshegoingto?20/61地点场景题解题技巧:1.抓住与特定地点相关惯用词语。2.熟悉常考地点。四级对话中常包括地点场景包含：clinicorhospital,restaurant,schoolorcampus,bookstore,railwaystation,airport,library,postoffice,bank,hotel21/61地点场景题真题示例:-6[A]Ataclinic.[B]Inasupermarket.[C]Atarestaurant.[D]Inanice-creamshop.22/61M:I’llhavethesteak,FrenchFries,andlet’ssee,chocolateice-creamfordessert.W:Oh-oh,youknowthesethingswillruinyourhealth,toomuchfatandsugar,howaboutorderingsomevegetablesandfruitinstead?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?23/61地点场景题

W:I'llbehappytopickupsomethingsforyouwhileI'matthestore．Whatdoyouneed?M：Somemilk，aloafofbread，andacartoonofeggs．

Q：Whatkindofstoreisshegoingto?A)Grocery．B)Shoe．

C)Drug．D)Stationery．24/61场景题型词汇小结：校园：campus,dorm,library(renewthebooks,overdue,payafine,bookshelf),lab,canteen,roommate,professor,semester,term,pass,fail,exam,course,credit,resume，tutor,graduate,presentation,speech,report,lecture,paper,scholarship银行：openanaccount,cashthecheck,buytraveler'scheck,ATM,draw/depositmoney,balance,savings25/61餐馆：menu,atablefortwo,atableinthecorner/bythewindow,full,ondiet,treat,order,course,salad,wine,dessert，waiter,reserve,takeorder机场：board,flight,gatenumber,checkin,boardingpass,seat-belt交通：duetoarrive,fasttrain,non-stoptrain,xxminuteslate,postpone,delay,breakdown,trafficjam,flattire,speeding,payafine26/61邮局：businesshours,parcel,postage,letter,stamp等。家庭：darling,sweetheart之类比较亲近称谓语，watchTV,fixthewashingmachine,grocery,mowthelawn,sofa,kitchen,dining-room,haveabath等。旅馆：checkin/out,makeareservation,register,receptiondesk等。27/61租房场景首先区分是租房还是买房。Forlease,forrent出租与forsale出卖房子类型有：公寓flat,apartment,学生宿舍dormitory(dorm),学生旅店studenthostel,青年旅店youthhostel，还有一个叫留宿当地居民家里homestay.普通房子有家电或设施有：炉子stove,冰箱fridge,微波炉microwaveoven,洗衣机washingmachine,空调air-conditioner,电风扇electricfan,冷却器电暖炉radiator,电炉electricstoves，床上用具及其它物品有：枕头pillow,枕套和被单pillowcaseandbedlinen,被单被褥sheet,床垫mattress,毯子blanket,towel手巾毛巾，窗帘curtain，地毯carpet房子位置：Road(Rd.),Street(St.),lane小路\巷,Avenue大道门厅叫法：hall,lobby,porch阳台balcony，睡房bedroom,厨房kitchen28/61图书馆场景

主要考查情景和词汇catalogue(undertitles/authors/subjects)目录referencestacks书库librarycard/admissioncard借书卡dateslip/deadline/dateofexpiry期限due应付费overdueandpayafine过期并交罚款renew续借available可取得outonloan借出closedreserved只读不借incirculation在书库里outcirculation借走了notforcirculation不外借heldintheclosedreserved闭馆保留classification分类category种类bibliography书目（籍者检索目录）periodical(magazinesandjournals)定时刊物returnintime及时偿还interlibraryservice图书馆际服务open/closedshelves开架/闭架书库29/61选课场景包括选课主要是对语言选择：Portuguese,Italian,Russian,Arabic,Mandarin(StandardChinese),Cantonese,Spanish.French,German选择级别：fundamental/elementary,intermediate,advanced选课时间，日期。Timeanddate申请人：applicant,enrolmentadmissionofficeforeignstudentoffice,internationalstudent,oversea(s)student30/61新生报到会：新生报到会，普通向新生介绍学校设施，选课情况，学校历史，怎样注册，应该做什么，不应该做什么。普通由AdmissionofficeCounselor来向新生介绍。新生入学及入学后大致过程register/enroll(登记、报到)普通会到studentunionofficeopeningceremony开学仪式orientationmeeting（介绍会）指学校综合情况orientationweek(初到校)适应周lecture（教师作）讲演，汇报tutorial（学生讲话）讨论课31/61度假场景度假地选择，交通工具选择，住处选择(这部分与租房类似)makeareservation预定confirmareservation确认预定bookaroom/table预订房间/饭桌cancelone'sreservation取消预定firstcome,firstserve先到先服务标准（即不设预订服务）one-wayticket单程票round-tripticket往返票飞机里面：VIP/firstclass头等舱businessclass商务舱economyclass经济舱Expressway高速公路，expresstrain高速列车付帐check(美国)cheque(英)A.T.M自动取款机cashier收银员loan贷款draw/withdrawmoney提款givethemoneyinfives/tens换成五元或十元面额pinnumber/password/code密码creditcard信用卡openastudentaccount.开个学生帐户checkthepresentbalanceinmyaccount.查询我帐户余额applyforapersonalloan.申请个人贷款changepoundsintodollars把英镑兑换.成美元thecurrentrate汇率32/61看病场景考点：健康检验病症情况表现医生诊疗结果治疗方案相关提议clinic诊所surgeon外科医生physician/internist内科医生oculist/eyedoctor眼科医生dentist牙医mentalhospital精神病医院vet兽医psychiatrist/shrink心理医生symptom症状flu流感have/catchacold感冒haveasorethroat嗓子痛haveastomachache胃痛haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveaheadache头痛33/61haveatoothache牙痛feeldizzy头晕feelchilly以为发冷vomit/throwup/nauseate呕吐pills药丸eyedrops眼药水vitamin维他命tablet药片medication药品injection注射coldcure感冒药takeone'stemperature量体温seeadoctor看病sendforadoctor请医生feelone'spulse量脉搏takeone'sbloodpressure量血压haveanoperation动手术makeanappointment预约34/61讲课场景部分学科名称：literature文学philosophy哲学history历史art艺术sociology社会学linguistics语言学psychology心理学engineering工程学architecture建筑学business商务law法学economics经济学finance金融学accounting会计学banking银行学biochemistry生物化学35/61外表衣着gender性别bald/balding秃头haircolor头发颜色brown棕色blond金发碧眼straight/curly/wavedhair直、卷、波浪发fairhair金发dyedhair染发partedinthemiddle中分aponytail马尾long/shortplaits长短辫子slim苗条stout坚固、矮胖slim苗条plump丰满面部：angular棱角分明scar疤痕beard落腮胡子moustache/mustache上唇上小胡子wearingglasses戴眼镜contactlenses隐型眼镜36/61旅游出行travelagency旅行社booktheticket订票flightnumber航班号takeoff起飞land降落checkin办理登机手续motel汽车旅馆hostel青年旅社passport护照visa签证creditcard信用卡drivinglicense/licence驾照expire(v.)驾照/护照等过期platform站台museum博物馆souvenir纪念品artgallery画廊hiking徒步旅行hitch-hike搭便车旅行surfing冲浪skiing滑雪walkingboots行军靴bag-packer肩背大包进行自助旅行人37/61学校学习enrolment注册applicationform申请表selective/elective/option选修课requiredcourse/compulsorycourse必修课coursearrangement课程安排letterofrecommendation推荐信programme/program某一专业课程总称school学院graduateschool硕士院undergraduate本科postgraduate硕士SchoolofArtsandSciences文理学院score成绩credit学分degrees学位assessment对学生学习情况进行评定handout上课老师发印刷品assignment作业presentation针对某一专题进行讲话project需要学生进行独立钻研课外课题paper/thesis/dissertation论文/硕士论文/博士论38/61essay短论文journal周记/每七天要做作业participation/attendance出勤lecture老师讲课tutorial助教辅导TA(TeachingAssistant)助教officehour教授与学生面谈时间coordinator课程协调人/班主任professor教授associateprofessor副教授assistantprofessor助理教授lecturer讲师dean系主任counselor辅导老师adviser/mentor导师president校长chancellor声誉校长faculty教职员工总称principal(中学)校长headmaster小学校长headmistress小学校长（女）39/61accountant:会计

automechanic:汽车技工

blacksmith:铁匠

boxer:拳击手

baker:烘培师

barber:

剪发师(男)

baseballplayer:棒球选手

actor:

男演员

actress:

女演员

anchor:新闻主播

architect:

建筑师

artist:艺术家

associateprofessor:

副教授

astronaut:宇航员.

attendant:

服务员

busdriver:公车(巴士)司机

butcher:屠夫,肉商

carpenter:木匠

cartoonist:漫画家

cashier:

出纳员

chemist:化学师

clerk:店员

computerprogrammer:

程序员

constructionworker:

建筑工人

cook:

厨师

customsofficer:海关官员

dancer:舞者

dentist:

牙科医生

designer:设计师

40/615.谈论话题题

问题是关于对话中所谈论话题或对象。提问方式通常为：Whataretheytalkingabout?Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?41/61谈论话题题解题技巧:1.依据选项特点判断问题类型。（选项概括性都较强，且通常为短语）2.捕捉与话题相关关键词。3.注意不要只从对话一方话语中寻找答案。42/61谈论话题题真题示例:-6A.Atragicaccident.B.Asadoccasion.C.Smith’sunusuallifestory.D.Smith’ssleepingproblem.43/61W:DidyouhearJaySmithdiedinhissleeplastnight?M:Yes,it’sverysad.Pleaseleteverybodyknowthatwhoeverwantsto,mayattendthefuneral.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?44/616.虚拟语气是否定转折解题技巧关键是否熟悉特殊表示方法，理讲解话者意思。提问方式:whatdoestheman/womanmean/imply?whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?whatdoesthewomanthinkof…?

45/61虚拟语气是考试中最轻易失分一个部分，而虚拟语气又经常作为考查点出现在条件句中。虚拟语气，顾名思义，是虚拟一个情况，换句话说，是和现实情况相反或者不太可能出现。使用虚拟语气条件句又称为非真实条件句，它和普通真实条件句存在很大区分。比如：

W：Willyougotothepartytonight？M1：IwillifIhavetime.M2：IwouldifIhadtime.M1回答表明，他假如有时间会去，这是一个真实条件句；而M2回答使用了虚拟语气，是一个非真实条件句。也就是说，他有时间可能性微乎其微，所以他是不会去。可见对含有虚拟语气非真实条件句解读方式是和真实条件句不一样，或者说是相反。解虚拟语气思绪简单说就是“反着选答案”。假如听到虚拟语气是一句必定说法，那么真实情况就是否定。反之亦然。46/61比如：Iwouldn’thavetroubledhimsomuchifIhadknownhewassobusy.这句话使用是否定——“不打搅教授”——不过因为是虚拟语气，表示和过去情况相反，那么事实情况是“经常打搅”。这就是虚拟语气“反着选答案”解题方式。47/61虚拟语气类：IfIwereagirl,Iwouldmarryyou.Wereheyounger,hewouldlearnskating.IwishIhadmoretimetospendwithyou.IfonlyI’dlistenedtowhathewassaying,I’msureIcouldworkitout.Youshouldhavedoneyourhomework.ItishightimethatIwenthome.Hebehaveasifheownedtheplace.48/61特殊否定类：YouarethelastpersonIwanttosee.Heneverfailstowriteaweeklyletterhome.Icouldn’tagreewithyoumore.Ican’tfeelbetter.Notasinglepersonwasabsent.Everyonecannotdothistest.49/61真题解析：-12A.Themancanspeakaforeignlanguage.B.ThewomanhopestoimproveherEnglish.C.Thewomanknowsmanydifferentlanguages.D.Themanwishestovisitmanymorecountries.50/61W:Havingvisitedsomanycountries,youmustbeabletospeakseveraldifferentlanguages.M:IwishIcould.

ButJapaneseand,ofcourseEnglisharetheonlylanguagesIcanspeak.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?51/61but后面信息据统计，四级听力含有but考题中，考but之后信息占到95%，而考but之前信息题目只有5%。以下一些例子中，能够体会but在各种话题短对话中使用情况。1）数字计算题：W：Howmuchtimedidyouhaveforwritingthepaper？M：Weweregiventhreehours，butIfinisheditinlessthanhalfthetime.Q：Howlongdidittakethemantowritehispaper？本题中，but后面信息和前面信息结合才能得到正确答案。数字题普通不会直接在对话中出现答案，大多数题目需要计算，而but就是计算一个主要信息点。52/617.身份关系题

问题是关于对话中某个人物职业身份或对话双方关系等。提问方式通常为：What’sthewoman’sjob?WhatmostprobablyisMary?Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthe(two)speakers?WhatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenJimandBob?53/61身份关系题解题技巧:1.注意称呼语。2.捕捉关键词及人物语气。54/61四级对话中常包括职业身份包含：教授(professor)秘书(secretary)医生(doctor)老板(boss)服务员(waiter/waitress)主人(host/hostess)修理工(repairer,plumber,electrician…)家庭角色(husband,wife,son,daughter,girlfriend…)55/61四级对