高中英语选修六虚拟语气课件

如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。

如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。

如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不息我对你爱情的火整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我并不爱你。第一页第二页，共32页。虚拟语气(theSubjunctiveMood)表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望或推测。第二页第三页，共32页。1.theSubjunctiveMoodusedinIfClauses；2.inversionusedinIfClauses

；3.theSubjunctiveMoodusedintheNounClauses；4.someotherformsoftheSubjunctiveMood；5.theSubjunctiveMoodandtheIndicativeMood.TestPoints第三页第四页，共32页。虚拟语气的解题思路1.依据情境，判定虚拟2.抓住信息词，确定虚拟类别3.依据时态，确定虚拟句的动词形式

Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.A.drove…didn’tgetB.haddriven…wouldn’thavegotC.drove…wouldn’tgetD.weredriving…wouldn’tget第四页第五页，共32页。一、掌握虚拟语气的四种主要形式（1）条件从句+主句（2）名词性从句中的虚拟语气（3）wish,asif,ifonly及wouldrather的虚拟形式（4）Itistimethat的虚拟形式二、注意虚拟语气的三种活用现象（1）含蓄条件句（2）时间错综句（3）虚实错综句第五页第六页，共32页。虚拟语气

the

SubjunctiveMood时间if条件从句主句过去现在将来haddone

would/should/could/mighthavedonedid/were

1.shoulddo2.weretodo3.did would/should/could/mightdo第六页第七页，共32页。1.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.2.要是你离开的早一点,你就会赶上公共汽车了.Ifyouhadleftearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.3.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事。(事实是明天他不会来）

Ifhecame/weretocome/shouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.第七页第八页，共32页。条件状语的倒装：如果从句中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Had/Should+主+其他（if省略）Were

Iyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientsahug.

Had

hebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.

Should

itsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.

IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientsahug.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.第八页第九页，共32页。1.Therice______ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburning B.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothaveburnt D.wouldnotburnt2.Ifmylawyer____herelastSaturday,he______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented3.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe______shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcome C.cameD.hadcome4.______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.Ifitisnot B.WereitnotC.Haditnotbeen D.Iftheyhavenot5.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you______sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot第九页第十页，共32页。6.Ifshehadworkedharder,she______.A.wouldsucceed B.hadsucceededC.shouldsucceed D.wouldhavesucceed7.—Ifhe______,he______thatfood.—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken8.Ifit______tomorrow,theywouldnotgotherebybike.A.willrainB.rains C.wouldrainD.shouldrain9.______itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.Should C.WouldD.Will10.IfI______you,Iwouldnotdoit.A.amB.were C.shallbeD.being第十页第十一页，共32页。Iproposethatwe(should)setadeadlineforhandingintheplans.Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.Iinsistedthatwe(should)decidewhattodowithhim.虚拟语气形式：(should)+动词原形注意:当suggest作“暗示、表明”解时;insist表示“坚持说、坚持认为”解时不用虚拟！1)HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan.2)Heinsistedthathedidn’tstealthemoneyandthattheteacher(should)apologizetohim.1.动词+宾语从句一个坚持;两个：insist命令：order,command;三个建议：suggest,propose,advise;四个要求：desire,demand,ask,require第十一页第十二页，共32页。4.order等+be+表语从句

5.order等+同位语从句

上述结构中常用的名词有：suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea,command,request等。Itisbetterthathe(should)setoffatonce.Itisimportantthateverybody(should)betoldallthefacts.2.Itis(was)+上述动词的过去分词+that主语从句3.Itis(was)+important/necessary/better/strange/surprising/natural/possible/apity/nowonder+that主语从句Itisdemandedthathe(should)leaveatonce.Itisrequestedthatshe(should)giveaperformanceattheparty.Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)befirsttogo.Hisonlyrequestisthatyou(should)givehimmoretime.Doyouknowtheorderthatyou(should)keepwatch?第十二页第十三页，共32页。1.Iinsistthatadoctor______immediately.A.hasbeensentforB.sendsforC.willbesentforD.besentfor2.Itissuggestedthatthejob______doneinanotherway.A.wasB.wastobeC.beD.mustbe3.Hehadanideathatwe______bybike.A.shallgoB.goC.wentD.wouldgo4.Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting______offtilltomorrow.A.toputB.beputC.shouldputD.beputting第十三页第十四页，共32页。5.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.does;wouldbeset6.Itisnecessarythatyou______presentatthediscussion.A.willbeB.areC.shouldbeD.wouldbe7.Thebossgaveordersthatthework______atonce.A.willbestartedB.mustbestartedC.bestartedD.shouldstart8.Theguardthereinsistedthateverybody______therules.A.obeys B.obeyC.willobey D.wouldobey第十四页第十五页，共32页。

这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同，即比陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。时间谓语动词虚拟语气wish/asif/asthough/ifonly现在动词过去式（be多用were）过去had+过去分词将来would+动词原形/wouldrather动词过去式（be多用were）wish,asif以及ifonly的虚拟形式：退一步,海阔天空第十五页第十六页，共32页。wishdid(were)(现在)haddone/couldhavedone(表示对过去事情遗憾)(过去)woulddo(将来)IwishIknewseveralforeignlanguages.HowIwishIhadtakenyouradivcethen.Iwishyouwouldvisitourschoolagain.IwishIcouldhavesleptlongereverymorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.第十六页第十七页，共32页。wouldrather(sooner/soon)did(were)(现在和将来）haddone（过去）I’dratheryouhadnotdonethat.Don’tcometomorrow.Iwouldratheryoucameagainthedayaftertomorrow.He’dratherhischildrendidnotmakesomuchnoise.第十七页第十八页，共32页。Hope,think,want,expect,plan,intend,suppose,mean...表示过去不曾实现的愿望.haddonehopedtohavedone.Hefailedtheexamagainthoughweallhadexpectedhimpassit.IhadwantedtowritetoyouearlierbutIwastoobusythen.(Iwantedtohavewritten….)第十八页第十九页，共32页。asif

did(were)haddonewould+doHetalksasifhe______________Americabefore.(去过）Helooksasifhe__________ill.Hetalksasifhe_________tothemoonsomeday.(去过）hadbeentowerewouldgo第十九页第二十页，共32页。1.IwishI______youyesterday.A.seenB.didsee C.hadseenD.weretosee2.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit______.A.breaks B.hasbrokenC.werebroken D.hadbeenbroken3.I’dratherthatyou______thereyesterdayand______againnextweekend.A.went;shouldcome B.shouldgo;hadcomeC.hadgone;came D.go;come4.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey______friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbe C.havebeenD.hadbeen5.—Iblamedheryesterday.—Iwouldratheryou______that.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdone C.wouldn’tdoD.shouldn’tdo6.—Heisaverybraveman.—Yes.IwishI______hiscourage.A.have B.had C.willhaveD.wouldhave第二十页第二十一页，共32页。

Itistimethat的虚拟形式

Itistimethat…Itishightimethat…Itisabouttimethat…Itistime还可以有其他句型形式，需注意辨析：

Itistime(forsb.)todosth.Itisthefirsttimethat(从句用陈述语气的现在完成时)过去时should+V.It’sthefirsttime(that)Ihavehelpedmymotherdothehousework.第二十一页第二十二页，共32页。1.Itishightimeyou______thebus.A.hadcaught B.caughtC.willcatch D.catch2.It’sabouttimehe______todothework.A.begins B.willbeginC.begin D.began3.It’shightimethatwe___toschool.A.wouldgo B.wentC.go D.willgo4.Itistimewe___upourresults.A.sum B.summedC.willsum D.wouldsum第二十二页第二十三页，共32页。（一）、含蓄条件句含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词如:without,butfor,otherwise

,suppose(supposing)等来判断动词形式。1)Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.3)Suppose(supposing)yourfriendsknewhowyouarebehavinghere,what

would

theythink?2)Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.第二十三页第二十四页，共32页。用otherwise(or,orelse),though(although)等表示与上下文所指的情况不同,从而引出虚拟语气.4)Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailorswouldhavefallenintothesea.5)Einsteinhadlittleconcernformoney,though(although)hecouldhavebeenaveryrichman.第二十四页第二十五页，共32页。1.Withoutelectricity,humanlife______quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she______somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaidWithoutelectricity=Iftherewerenoelectricity第二十五页第二十六页，共32页。注意主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气:时间错综句(这时虚拟句谓语动词的形式应根据具体时间加以调整)例如:

（二）、时间错综句Ifyouhadworkedhardyesterday,youwouldbetirednow.1.Iftheflowerhadbeenwatered,it______now.A.wouldn’tdieB.isdeadC.hadbeendeadD.willnotdie2.Ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday,he______TVnow.A.wouldwatchB.wouldhavewatchedC.wouldbewatchingD.iswatching第二十六页第二十七页，共32页。3.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_____inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelinda