2015年山东青岛大学英语综合考研真题

》》》》》》2023年整理历年要考研试题资料《《《《《《》》》》》》2023年整理历年要考研试题资料《《《《《《/》》》》》》2023年整理历年要考研试题资料《《《《《《2015年山东青岛大学英语综合考研真题PartOneLinguistics(50points)I.Definethefollowingtermsbriefly.(20points)1.suprasegmental2.morpheme3.inflection4.immediateconstituentanalysis5.deepstructure6.converseantonymy7.cooperativeprinciple8.entailment9.interlanguage10.casegrammarII.AnswerONEofthetwoessayquestionsbelowwithatleast300words.(30points)1.HowdoesHallidayrelatethefunctionsperformedbylanguagetoitsstructures,orsystems?2.Pleasegivebriefintroductionstomainbranchesoflinguisticsandgiveadetaileddescriptionofonebranchthatyouareinterestedin.PartTwoTranslation(50points)I.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbothbeanintelligiblyfluentrepresentationoftheoriginaltext.（25points）Itisinthenatureofthingsthatthetargettextdisplaysonlythetranslator’sfinaldecisions.Readersperceiveanend-product,aresultofadecision-makingprocess;theydonothaveaccesstopathwaysleadingtodecisions,tothedilemmastoberesolvedbythetranslator.Whatisavailableforscrutinyistheend-product,theresultoftranslationpracticeratherthanthepracticeitself.Inotherwords,wearelookingattranslationasproductinsteadoftranslatingasprocess.Thedistinctionisanimportantone,asWiddowsonpointsout.Bellsuggeststhatthetendencytoignoretheprocessinvolvedintheactoftranslatingliesbehindtherelativestagnationoftranslationstudiesinrecentyears.Ifwetreattextmerelyasaself-containedandself-generatingentity,insteadofasadecision-makingprocedureandaninstanceofcommunicationbetweenlanguageusers,ourunderstandingofthenatureoftranslatingwillbeimpaired.II.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.Yourtranslationshouldbothbeanintelligiblyfluentrepresentationoftheoriginaltext.（25points）我们以为所谓“直译”也者，带并非一定是“字对字”，一个不多，一个也不少。因为中西文字组织的不同，这种样“字对字”一个不多一个也不少的翻译，在实际上是不可能的。从前张崧年先生译过一篇罗素的论文。张先生的译法真是“道地到廿四分”的直译，每个前置词，他都译了过来，然而他这篇译文是没人看得懂的。当时张先生很坚持他的译法。他自己也知道他的译文别人看不懂，可是他对《新青年》的编者说:“这是一种试验。大家看惯了后，也就懂得了!”当时《新青年》的编者陈促甫先生也不赞成张先生此种“试验”，老实不客气给他改，改了，张先生还是非常不高兴。现在张先生大概已经抛弃了他的试验了罢，我可不十分明白，但是从这个故事就证明了“直译”的原则并不在“字对字”一个也不多，一个也不少。“直译”的意义就是“不要歪曲了原作的面目”。倘使能够办到“字对字”，不多也不少，自然是理想的直译，否则，直译的要点不在此而在彼。PartThreeCulture(50points)I.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthestatementoranswerthequestion.(20points)1.________broughtthenewreligion,ChristianitytoBritain.a.theCeltsb.theAnglo-SaxonsC.TheJutesD.TheRomans2.Initsfullsense,theBritishParliamentconsistsof__________.a.theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommonsb.theHouseandtheSenatec.theQueenandtheHouseofLordsd.theSovereign,theHouseofLords,andtheHouseofCommons3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanationaldailynewspaperintheUK?a.Financialtimesb.TheGuardianc.TheTimesd.TheObserver.4.TheGreatCharterwassignedby________a.KingHenryIb,KingWilliamc.KingJohnd.KingRichard5.Forelectoralpurposes,Britainisdividedinto651constituencies,eachofwhichreturns_______totheHouseofCommons.a.onememberb.twomembersc.threemembersd.fourmembers6.NewEnglanderswereoriginallyknowsas______,whichcometostandforallAmericans.a.UncleSamb.Quakersc.Puritansd.Yankees7.ThethemeofThanksgivingDayhasalwaysbeen____________.a.friendshipandhappinessb.peaceandplenty,healthandhappinessc.cooperationandrichrewardd.loveandhappiness8.TheBillofRightsintroducedbyJamesMadisonisthetermusedfor_____totheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.a.thefirsttenamendmentsb.thelastfiveamendmentsc.thetenthamendmentsd.themostimportantamendment9.TheNewDealwasadvancedbyPresident__________.a.FranklinD.Rooseveltb.TheodoreRooseveltc.WilliamMcKinleyd.ThomasWoodrowWilson10.WhenthePresidentoftheUSsignsanactpassedbyCongressintolaw,itstillcanbecancelledif___________.a.thelowerfederalcourtdecidesthatitgoesagainstthepreviouslaws.b.theSupremeCourtdecidesthatitgoesagainstpreviouslawsc.thelowerfederalcourtdecidesitisunconstitutionald.theSupremeCourtdecidesitisunconstitutional.11.RichardNixonresignedin1974becauseof_________a.theGreatDepressionb.theBlackPowermovementc.theWatergateScandald.hisIsolationpolicy12.ChinaandUSestablisheddiplomaticrelationsinJanuary________.a.1972b.1976c.1978d.197913.TheVictorianAgewaslargelyanageof______,eminentlyrepresentedbyDickensandThackeray.a.Pessimismb.Naturalismc.ModernismD.CriticalRealism14.TheRomanticAgeinEnglandcametoanendwiththedeathof_____.a.JaneAustinb.WalterScottc.SamuelTaylorColeridged.WilliamWordsworth15.ThecomplierofADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageis_________a.JosephAddisonb.RichardSteelec.SamuelJohnsonc.LaurenceStern16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTVirginiaWoolf’snovel?a.TotheLighthouseb.MrsDallowayc.TheWavesd.ModernPainters.17._________istherepresentativeworkoftheJazzAge.a.TheGreatGatsbyb.OntheRoadc.LookBackinAngerd.TheSunalsoRises18.MarkTwainiswell-knownforhis__________.a.frontierthemeb.symbolismc.localcolord.internation