江苏专版2023-2024学年新教材高中英语Unit2Sportsculture素养培优练一牛津译林版选择性必修第二册

素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解[2023·河南周口统考期末]AAsahockey（冰球）parent,whilewatchingmysonplayfromMitetoBantam,HouseLeaguetoTravel,I'velearnedthatlosingmaybebestforkids.Inhisthirdseasonin2019,myson'steamneverlostmorethanthreestraightgames.Itwasatypicallygoodyouthhockeyseason.Therewashappiness,boasting,celebration,andpizza.Heimprovedasaplayer,butdidnotmuchchangeasaperson.However,whathappenedthenextyearaddeditsstorytothelegendsofsportingincompetence.Notmerelyweakbutprettilybad,thisteamlost40oftheirfirst50games,mostofthedefeatscominginthecourseoftwolosingstreaks（连败）.Foratime,Iworriedthatthesefailureswouldkillmychild'sloveofthegame.Butthat'snotwhathappened.Asbadasitgot,thelosingwasclarifying.Itweededoutthekidswhowereinitlessforthegamethantheglory,leavingbehindthosewitharealpassionforthesport.Alistof17oftheteamwascutdownto12.Itwasespeciallyeducationalforthekids.Ittaughtthemagreattruthoftheworld:Foreveryonegood,thereissomeonebetter.What'smore,thekidswerelearningthegameinawaythatonlylosingcanteach.Eachplayergottoplayeverywhere,tolearnandappreciatetheroleofeverypositionontheice.Theykeptaneyeontheiropponentstoo,studyingthesecretoftheirgoodperformance.Inanefforttobreaktherecord,theywentbacktobasics,acceptedthewisdomofthehockeyancients:Ifplayinglikeateam,theycandefeatacollectionofall-stars;ifdoingsmallandunappreciatedtaskswell,theycangetthegoal.Thisnewteamhadcharacterandcouldneverbecountedout,nomatterthescore.Theyhadlearnedthemostimportantlesson:Youcanlosewithoutbeingbeaten.Theysqueaked（勉强进入）intothestatetournament,thenmadeitallthewaytothefinal,wherethewinnerwasdecidedinovertime（加时赛）.Whentheynarrowlylostthatgameandwentintothehandshakeline,itwasnotasrunners-upbutasateamthathadbeenmadeintowinnersintheonlywaythatwillstick—bylosing.1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabouttheson'steaminthethirdseasonin2019?A.Theteamhadabadperformance.B.Theteamdidn'tliveuptotheauthor'sexpectations.C.Theteamplayedtypicallywellandwonallthegames.D.Theteamdidn'thelpwithplayers'mentalgrowth.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“thelosingwasclarifying”inPara4mean?A.Thelosingboostedthekids'teamwork.B.Thelosingmadethekidsbetterunderstandhockey.C.Thelosinghelpedthekidslearnagreattruthoftheworld.D.Thelosingseparatedtrueplayersfromthoseplayingforglory.3.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthenewteam'sexperience?A.Theyvaluedteamworkanddetailsinagame.B.Theykepttheirwinningstrategiesasecret.C.Theybeatateamofall-starplayers.D.Theywonthechampionshipinthetournament.4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toexplorethebenefitsoflosing.B.Todescribeateam'sroadtosuccess.C.Tooffersomesuggestionsongettingoverlosing.D.Tomakeacomparisonbetweenwinningandlosing.BInformationreceivedbythegrapevineissupposedtobesecret.Itiswhisperedintoyourearwiththeunderstandingthatyouwillnotpassitontoothers.Youfeelhonoredandexcitedasyouareoneofthespecialfewtogetthisinformation.Youcannotwait.Youmustquicklyfindotherearstopourtheinformationinto.Andso,theinformation,secretasitis,beginstospread.Nobodyknowshowfar.TheAmericaninventor,SamuelFinleyBreeseMorse,islargelyresponsibleforthebirthoftheexpression.Amongothers,heexperimentedwiththeideaoftelegraphy—sendingmessagesoverawirebyelectricity.OnMay24,1848,hesucceededinsendingamessageoverawirefromWashingtontoBaltimore.Themessagewas:“WhathathGodwrought?”.Quickly,meneverywhereseemedtobeputtinguppoleswithstringsofwireforcarryingtelegraphicmessages.Alargenumberofthetelegraphlinesweregoinginalldirections,asbentasthevines（藤）thatgrapesgrowon.Sowasborntheexpression,bythegrapevine.Somewritersbelievethatthephrasewouldsoonhavedisappeared,wereitnotfortheAmericanCivilWar.SoonaftertheAmericanCivilWarbeganin1861,battlefieldreportsweresentbytelegraph.Peoplebeganhearingthephrasebythegrapevinetodescribefalseaswellastruereportsfromthebattlefield.Itwaslikeagame.Wasittrue?Whosaysso?Now,asinthosefar-offCivilWardays,gettinginformationbythegrapevineremainssomethingofagame.Youreallycannotknowhowmuch,ifany,oftheinformationthatcomestoyoubythegrapevineistrueorfalse.Still,inthewordsofanoldAmericansaying,thepersonwhokeepspullingthegrapevineshakesdownatleastafewgrapes.5.Whatdoes“Informationreceivedbythegrapevine”mean?A.Messagessentbytelegraph.B.Messagessentoverphonelines.C.Informationrelatedtothegrape.D.Informationpassedonfrompersontoperson.6.WhatareParagraphs3~4mainlyabout?A.Thelifeoftheinventor.B.Theoriginofthephrase“bythegrapevine”.C.Whytelegraphlinesweregoinginalldirections.D.HowMorsesentmessagesoveranelectricitywire.7.WhatinfluencedidtheCivilWarbringtothephrase“bythegrapevine”?A.Itcontributedtoitssurvival. B.Itchangeditsmeaning.C.Itexpandeditsmeaning. D.Itcauseditsdisappearance.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphimply?A.Don'tpullthegrapevinebeforeyougetafewgrapes.B.Don'ttrusttheinformationreceivedbythegrapevine.C.Themoreyoupullthegrapevine,themoregrapesyouwillget.D.Themoreyouheargrapevinenews,themoretrueinformationyouwillget.Ⅱ.七选五[2022·河南许昌期末]Herearesometipstohelpgetyourchildrenonthepathtogoodsportsmanship.Thereareanumberofparentsthatallowtheirchildrentowinatgames.Althoughparents'heartsareintherightplace,thisonlygiveschildrenfalsehope.1Imaginetheembarrassmentchildrenwillendurewhentheygotoschoolthinkingtheyarethebestchessplayerintheworldbecausetheybeattheirparentsandthengetbeatenbyotherclassmates.Alwaysteachyourchildrenthebasicconceptofgamesandallowthemtolearnbygettingbeaten;themoretimestheylosethebettertheywilllearnthegame.ExhibitgoodsportsmanshipwhilewatchingsportonTVoratasportsouting.2Thiswillteachyourchildrenthatalthoughyouareafanofoneteamyoustillrespecttheotherteam'splayers.3Butyoushouldalsobesuretocorrectimproperbehavior.Havingtheprivilegeofplayingsportscomeswitharesponsibilitytoplayfairandjusthavefun.Encourageyourchildrenandalltheotherplayerstokeepthecompetitionfunandfairforeveryone.4Ifyouwereateamquarterback（四分卫）throughoutyourschoolcareer,don'texpectyourchildrentohavethesametalentorthesameenthusiasmforthesport.Iftheydo,that'sgreat,butneverpushthemintosomethingyouwanttodo.5A.Itisalsoimportanttoacceptyourchildren'sability.B.Youcanalwaysgivethemideaswhiletheyareplaying.C.Listentotheirwishesbeforepushingyoursontoyourchildren.D.Therearesomeparentswhoalwaysexhibitgoodsportsmanship.E.Whenyourchildrenexhibitgoodsportsmanship,praisethemforthat.F.Thismakesthembelievetheycanbeatalmostanyoneatthegamestheyplay.G.Youcandothisbycheeringforyourteam,butmakingpositivecommentsabouttheotherteam.Ⅲ.完形填空[2023·山东省实验中学校考期末]“Areyoureallygoingtoeatanotherpieceofpizza?”ItwasatmyfourteenthbirthdaypartythatIreceivedmyfirst1relatedcomment.Afterthatday,commentslikethis2inmyheadlongerthantheyshouldhave.Iwas3pickingflaws（缺点）inmyfigureinthemirror.IdecidedthatIcouldn'teatlikethisinordertobe4.Itstartedoutasjustalittleextra5everyday,likerunning,butitquicklyturnedinto6mealsandworkingouteverynightbeforebed.AsI7thecalories,thecommentsstartedtochange.Perhapsmy8commentwas“You'resoskinny.”Maybeothersdidn'tknowit,buttheircommentswere9mysocialconstructionofbeauty.However,myconditionslowlybecameworse.MycaloricintakewaslessthanthatofachildandInolongerhadthe10todothethingsIonceenjoyed.EverythingchangedwhenIgotacallfromthedirectoratmydancestudio.She11methatshehadwantedtomovemetotheadvancedlevel,12shenoticedIwastooskinny.IthenrealizedInearly13myroleinTheNutcracker.IwasdeterminedthatIwasn'tgoingtoletsociety'sideaofbeautybethedeathofme.Iwanttogetbetterforrealthistime.Mirrorsandscales（秤）haveno14ofwhoIam.Socialconstructionsofbeautywillalwaysbe15intheworldthatIliveinbutI'vedecidednottoletthemruleoverme.1.A.habit B.ability C.health D.weight2.A.changed B.stuck C.competed D.recreated3.A.constantly B.immediately C.carefully D.regularly4.A.famous B.special C.pretty D.brave5.A.exercise B.support C.reward D.practice6.A.ordering B.serving C.quitting D.cooking7.A.cutdown B.tookin C.concentratedon D.engagedin8.A.unexpected B.favorite C.brief D.familiar9.A.fueling B.admitting C.improving D.explaining10.A.time B.mood C.plan D.energy11.A.informed B.warned C.reminded D.persuaded12.A.and B.but C.since D.though13.A.played B.forgot C.lost D.picked14.A.amount B.intention C.sign D.idea15.A.true B.meaningful C.different D.present素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解1.D[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段可知，2019年第三个赛季，作者认为儿子的球队打得确实不错，但是他们人格上并没有什么成长。联系下文，儿子和队员起初并不知道如何面对失败可推知，作者认为他们心理上未能成长。2.D[解析]句意理解题。根据画线句的下一句可知，虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得明朗了，因为淘汰了那些为荣誉而打球的队员，由此推知，画线句意为“失败将真正的球员与那些为荣誉而打球的球员区分开来”。3.A[解析]推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，新球队更加关注比赛细节、更注重自身全面发展、更注重团队协作。4.A[解析]推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“I'velearnedthatlosingmaybebestforkids”和最后一段可知，作者的儿子和队员们从失败中领悟，获得成长，最好的东西，可能是成功，也有可能是失败。【语篇导读】作者的儿子和队员们在打曲棍球比赛的失败中学到了教训，学会了成长。5.D[解析]细节理解题。第一段中“whisperedintoyourear”和第二段中“findotherearstopourtheinformationinto”描述了小道消息的根本特征是“口耳相传”。6.B[解析]主旨大意题。第三段首句指出“Morse,islargelyresponsibleforthebirthoftheexpression”，第四段末句总结“Sowasborntheexpression”，由此可知这两段讲的是bythegrapevine这个短语的由来。7.A[解析]细节理解题。由第五段可知。wereitnotfor是常用习语，表条件，意为“若非，要是没有……的话”。8.D[解析]句意理解题。上一句意在表明，小道消息如果有真实成分的话，人们往往也无法确定其真实成分占多少。still常用作连接副词，表让步关系，意为“尽管如此”。综合以上两点可推测，画线部分应是肯定小道消息的正面作用，结合字面意思可推知，画线部分意在表达“小道消息掌握得越多，获取的真实消息就越多”。【语篇导读】informationreceivedbythegrapevine往往是通过非正式途径、私底下传播的消息。人人都急于、乐于成为掌握小道消息的少数人，又迫不及待地到处传播。普遍认为，bythegrapevine一语是美国发明家Morse发明的。也有很多作家认为bythegrapevine一语在英语中的广泛使用得益于美国内战。Ⅱ.七选五1.F[解析]本句承接上文说明父母给孩子的虚假希望是什么，是让他们相信他们可以在