+基础版语法知识 人教版七年级英语上册

完成一、二题7分钟一．Be动词（am,is,are）的用法I用am,you用are,is连着她他它。单数统统用is，复数一律都用are.变疑问，往前提，句末问好莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。注意：be动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如：I’m,what’s,name’s,they’re等。（基础版）主语be动词宾语I_____am___(/is/are)astudent.（翻译）You_____are___(am/is/)Japanese.（翻译）He___is____(am//are)mybrother.（翻译）She_____is__(am//are)verynice.（翻译）Myname（它）_____/is___(am/are)Harry.（翻译）（进阶版）填入(am//)LileiandI____are______goodfriends.These________apples.There___is___agirlintheroom.There___are___someapplesonthetree.MikeandTom__________(be)friends.Sometea_is_____intheglass.实义动词的一般现在时（动词考查是否三单）1.第三人称单数（he,she,it,Tom和单数名词等）作主语时，谓语动词要加“s”或“es”，这种动词形式简称为动词的单三形式。记住：单三人称单三动，其他人称用原形。如：Theygetupatsixo’clock.Hegoestoschoolatseventhirty.动词第三人称单数的构成规则：a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s如：getgetslikelikeplay—play，want—wantb.以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es；如：guess—guesses，fix—fix，teach—teach，go—goc.以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。如：study—studies，fly—fl，worry—worr特殊词：havehas练习：在括号里写上人称代词中文，然后在横线上填上正确的单词形式。1.I（know）________theboy.(A.B.knowsC.knew)2.They（go）________toworkonSundays.(A.B.goesC.went)3.He（A.comes）usually_______toschoolearly.(BcomeC.came)下面的题自己写：4.I（）often_______(have)rice,meatandvegetables.5.Mygrandfather（）_______(plays)sportsinthepark.6..Hersister（）___has____(have)Chinese.完成情态动词、人称代词与物主代词、冠词的用法10mins2.情态动词can情态动词（can,may,must）后动词用原形。如：Icanplaytheguitar.Hecanplaytheviolin.Shecanswim.几个动词的用法let后用动词原形Let’splaysoccer.Like后加动词不定式,即liketodo表示具体的，一次性的爱好，偶尔喜欢做。Iliketoswim.likedoingsth表示一贯的爱好，是习惯性的动作。Ilike(swimming).want加to再加动词原形（即动词不定式）=wouldliketodosthIwanttobeadoctor.Help+人+动词原形help+人+withsth/doingsth二、人称代词与物主代词人称主格（发起人）宾格（承受者）形容词性物主代词（..的）名词性物主代词（xx的东西）第一人称单数I（我）me（我）my（我的）mine（我的）复数（我们）（）（）（）第二人称单数（你）（）（你的）（你的东西）复数you（你们）you（你们）your（你们的）yours（你们的）第三人称单数he（他）（）（他的）（他的东西）she（她）（）（她的）（）it（它）（）its（）（）复数they（他们）（）（）（）●选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾，在横线上翻译。Thisis（my/I）mother.

2.Nicetomeet（your/you）.3.Excuse（me/my/I）.4.Are（your/you）MissLi?5.（I/My）amBen.

6.（She/Her）ismysister.7.Thank.

（A.yourB.youC.yours）8nameisGina.(A.MyB.IC.me)9.Iplaywith（A.themB.theirC.they)三、冠词的用法冠词分为不定冠词（a,an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词的情况）三种。不定冠词a（an）与数词one同源，是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素（a,e,i,o,u）前.定冠词与零冠词的用法区别： •在序数词和形容词的最高级前面用the,如：Thelibraryisonthefirstfloor.Summeristhehottestseasonoftheyear.•在西洋乐器名词前用the,表示演奏，如：playthepiano,playtheviolin,playtheguitar等。•在球类、三餐前通常不用冠词，如：playfootball,playbaseball,eatlunch,eatdinner等。•在月份、星期、季节等名词的前面通常不用冠词，如：inJan.,onMonday,insummer1.What’sthis?It’s____a____（/an/the/不填）clock.2.What’sthat?It’s____/an____（a/the/）alarmclock.3.Whatisit?It’s___a__（//the/）“w”.4.Whatcolorisyourcoat?It’s___不填____orange.It’s____an___orangecoat.5.Jim’smotheris____不填___Mrs.Green.Sheis_____a____teacher.（/an/the/不填）6.Thosepensarein____the____pencil-case.（a/an//不填）7.Here’s_____an___interestingfamilyphoto.（a//the/不填）12.Ioftengoto___不填____schoolat_____/__7:00.（a/an/the）14.Theylikeplaying___不填___football.（a/an/the/）15.Myfavoritesubjectis_____不填___P.E..（a/an/the/）四．名词变复数的规则例词复数复数变化特点还能想到的其它词girls,labs一般可数名词直接加-SFour_________(Germans)willvisitourschoolnextmonth.buses,boxes以__s______x______sh_______ch____结尾的加_es_____brusheswatchesclassesdiary,babydiariesbabies以____辅音____字母结尾+___y_____结尾变y为__i_____加____es______FactoriesFamiliesboys,keys以___元_____字母结尾+___y_____结尾直接加___s_______toysmonkeysplaytomatoes,potatoes以元音字母o结尾，有生命加___es____HeroesVolcanoesNegroes总结：Anegroheroundervolcanoeatstomatoandpotatopianos,photos以_元音字母o结尾，无生命加__s_____。RadiosBamboosLeaves,halves以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v，再加es.ShelvesLivesWivesKnives不规则变化到后面内容例词复数变化规则例句man,womanMenwomen变元音，a-e,oo-eeMouseMiceToothTeethFootfeetGoose鹅geeseChineseJapanese单复同形SheepFish--Deer加后缀children_________________形单意复-集体名词oneperson谓语动词例句people复数areYoungpeople____are_____(be)soexcitingbecauseoftheJazzFestival.形复意单例词谓语动词例句newsmaths单数isThenews___is______(be)verysurprising.Maths_____is_____(be)myfavoritesubject.只有复数没有单数的名词例词谓语动词例句clothesglasses复数areTheseclothes_________(be)arenewSometimesthelittleboy’sglasses____are_____(be)verydirty单复同形例词谓语动词sheepfishChineseJapanesedeer表复数are表单数用isLook!there______are_____manywhitesheeponthathill.(be)Thissheep______is_____mine,thatblackoneisyours.(be)Howmucharethere____________?(potatoes)Two_____________(policemen)caughtthethief.Attheweekends,Iliketogotothe________Children_______Parkwithourdaughter(child)Wecanseelotof_______leaves_____(leaf)ontheground.Myhobbyistaking____photos______(photo)Thereonthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isaphotoD.isphotos7.ThiskindofcarmadeinShanghai.A.isB.areC.wereD.has五、名词所有格完成练习(1)’s所有格类别构成方法举例①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加’s.Mike’swatch麦克的手表，Women’sDay妇女节

②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时只加’。teachers’office，students’rooms

③两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加’s.TomandMike’sroom汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）④两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有需在几个名词后都加’sMary’sandJenny’sbikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）⑤无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构amapofChina，thebeginningofhisgame，thedooroftheroom连线：以下例子属于哪种情况,表序号：Gina’sbook___________Children’sDay___________JaneandJim’sclassroom___________Aphotoofmyfamily___________Bob’sandDale’srooms___________数词基数词口诀：1至12逐个记,13至19teen结尾，20至90整十数,ty结尾是后缀，

要是表示几十几,连字符十位连个位，若要表示几百几,hundred之后and。序数词口诀：一二三特别记(first/second/third);八共t(eight-eighth)九去e(nine-ninth);f来把ve替(twelve-twelfth);遇到整十y变ie,末尾th勿忘记(twenty-twentieth)；翻译和配对练习：语法：序数词通常与the连用Onefifthfourthirdsixfirsttwoninthfivefourthtwenty-fivetwentiethninesecondtwentysixththreetwenty-fifthtententh选择题（）1.Thereare__________monthsinayear.Octoberisthe__________month.A.twelve;ten B.twelfth;ten th C.twelve;tenth D.twelfth;ten（）8.Itis__________nextSunday.A.Maryninthbirthday B.Maryninebirthday C.Mary’sninebirthday D.Mary’sninthbirthday（）18.—Excuseme.WhereisMrGreen’soffice? —It’son__________floor.A.seven B.theseven C.theseventh D.seventh（）19—Howoldisyourson? —__________.Wehadaspecialpartyforhis__________birthdaylastSunday.A.Nine;ninth B.Nine;nine C.Ninth;nine D.Ninth;ninth七：there

be

句型：

There

be

“有”位于句首，就近原则Thereare2pensandapencil/Thereisapenciland2pens.

1．There_____aclockonthetable.A.is

B.are2.______therearadioonyourdesk?A.

are

B.is八、特殊疑问词：Who问身份、姓名等whose问主人when问时间where问地点why问原因which问一定范围内特指的人或物what问事物或者人的职业是什么whatcolor问颜色whattime问具体时刻how问健康状态、做事方式、程度等howold问年龄howmany跟可数名词复数问数量howmuch跟不可数名词问数量跟可数名词和不可数名词问价格九、介词的用法:(括号翻译)•at

①在（某个小地点）school/home()②在

（几点钟）2：00()③以（某价格）good

prices()，ourgreatsales()④按照，根据e-mail……/call……()⑤固定结构

nightat

work

be

good

…look…

①关于know

think

()•about②大约about

half

an

hour

12

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what

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about•after

在⋯之后

class/

school/

dinner/that①因为

thank

you

your

helpthanks

for②对于

boys/breakfast()•for③为了，给

askthe

teacher

it()buy

a

gift

my

mother()④+一段时间（表动作持续）

two

hours()⑤以，达（某价格）have

trousers

$50()•from①从

12:00

1:00()②来自be/come

…()①和…一起play