03.名词与主谓一致-【高频考点解密】高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练（全国）

【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练（全国通用）01.名词核心考点1名词的数1．可数名词的数（不规则变化）（1）单、复数同形。如：means，aircraft，deer，fish，Chinese，Japanese，sheep。（2）合成名词的复数。如：boyfriend→boyfriends，go-between→go-betweens（中间人），grown-up→grown-ups，passer-by→passers-by,looker-on→lookers-on,womandoctor→womendoctors。（3）只有复数形式的名词。此类名词往往以复数形式出现，表示“衣服”、“工具”等的总称，不能用具体的数字修饰，也不能加不定冠词a／an，但可以用apairof／twopairsof，many等修饰。如：clothes，tights，jeans，pajamas，pants，shorts，socks，stockings，trousers，glasses，chopsticks，compasses，pincers，scissors，scales等；另外一类总是以复数形式出现，但不能用具体的数字修饰，也不能用a／an，apairof等修饰，只能用many，agreatmany，alotof等修饰。如：belongings，congratulations，contents，earnings，fireworks，goods，leavings，pains，spirits，savings，stairs，surroundings，wages，arms等。（4）集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如：people，cattle，police；有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery，furniture，mankind，jewellery；有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看作整体，复数看作集体的各个成员。如：Thecrewislarge.船员人数很多（指整体）。Thecrewarealltired.船员们都累坏了（指个体）。名词的数及词性变化可以在语法填空中进行考查。【考例1】（2022年全国甲卷）CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental______(protect).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】protection【详解】考查名词。句意：Cao和Wu还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和前文promoteenvironmental可知，此处应用其名词形式protection，作动词宾语，此处protection为不可数名词。故填protection。【考例2】KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.________(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)【答案】Activities【详解】考查名词。句意：1980年被正式承认的科莫多国家公园因其独特的生物多样性而受到生态旅游的欢迎。从观鲸到徒步旅行，那里有各种各样的活动。分析句子结构可知，设空处位于句首，在句中作主语，根据谓语动词range可知，设空处应填给定的可数名词activity的复数形式。故填Activities。【考例3】The________(possible)thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.【答案】possibility【详解】考查名词。句意：宇宙中其他行星上存在生命的可能性一直激励着科学家探索外层空间。该空作句子主语，用名词，thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniverse是同位语从句，特指“这个可能”，用名词单数，故填possibility。【考例4】Historical____(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.【答案】accuracy【详解】考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。【考例5】Thehealthsecuritysystemsofmanycountriesareundergoingconsiderable________(transform).【答案】transformation【详解】考查名词。句意：许多国家的卫生安全体系正在经历重大变革。作宾语，表示“变革”应用名词transformation，不可数。故填transformation。【考例6】Filledwith__________(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.【答案】curiosity【详解】考查名词。句意：这位艺术家充满了好奇心，收拾行囊离开了。作宾语，应用名词curiosity，表抽象概念，不可数。故填curiosity。【考例7】I’mnotChinese,butIloveChineseNewYear.TherearemanyfunNewYear________(celebrate),butnothingquitematchestheexcitementoftheliondancewhichcanwakeupthespiritcompletely.【答案】celebrations【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我不是中国人，但我喜欢中国人的新年。有很多有趣的新年庆典，但没有什么能完全匹配舞狮的兴奋，它可以完全振奋精神。空处是therebe句型的主语，应用名词形式，celebration庆典，庆祝活动，是可数名词，由many可知，此处应用复数形式。故填celebrations。【考例8】Beautifullyrestored（修复）toits1860appearance,thehousewasAbrahamandMaryLincoln'shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir________（marry）ceremonyin1842.【答案】marriage【详解】考查名词。句意：这座被精美地修复到它1860年外貌的房子亚伯拉罕和玛丽·林肯生活了17年的家。1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词their可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriageceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。【考例9】Nowadays,the___________（prior）fortravellingisshifted（转换）fromshoppingtofoodandscenery.【答案】priority【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，旅游的重点从购物转向了食品和风景。分析可知，空处为名词做主语，priority表示“优先考虑的事物”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填priority。【考例10】（2021全国甲卷）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand________(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeople.【答案】watchtowers【详解】考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和瞭望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different(不同的)可知，此处应用可数名词watchtower的复数形式和gates并列作介词at的宾语。故填watchtowers。【考例11】Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular________(interesting)toscientists.【答案】interest【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣。“beof＋n.”结构相当于形容词，故应用interesting的名词interest(不可数)作介词宾语。故填interest。【考例12】Byabout6000BC,peoplehaddiscoveredthebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe_________(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.【答案】seasons【详解】考查名词的数。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们发现了最好的作物和饲养的动物。后来，他们学会了与季节相适应，在合适的时间种植，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水灌溉他们的田地。根据常识和语境可知，人们开始按照季节更替来种植庄稼，season为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式。故填seasons。【考例13】Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall______(cause).【答案】causes【详解】考查名词的数。句意：一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。分析句子可知，形容词all修饰可数名词复数。故填causes。【考例14】MynameisMireyaMayor.I’ma__________(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.【答案】scientist【详解】考查名词。句意：我叫MireyaMayor，我是一名研究像猿类和猴子这类动物的科学家。分析句子可知，句子“whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys”在句中作定语，是定语从句，修饰空格处的名词，根据定语从句句意推知，空格处需填表示职业的名词，science作为名词，表示“科学”的意思，需转换为名词scientist，表示“科学家”的意思，由空格前的不定冠词a可知，名词scientist需用单数形式。故填scientist。【考例15】FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese________(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.【答案】dishes【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：我认识的人中好像很少有人喜欢或是有时间做饭。制作中式菜肴尤其被认为麻烦。dish是可数名词，其前无单数限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。故填dishes。核心考点2名词的功能及词义辨析名词的功能（1）可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语Maryistomeetyouattheairport.（2）作定语英语中有些名词没有其对应的同根形容词，这些名词可以直接用来作定语修饰另一个名词。①分类意义airpollution空气污染；coffeecup咖啡杯；bodylanguage身体语言；roadaccident交通事故；②时间、地点、称呼等DoctorJack杰克医生；ProfessorLi李教授；eveningschool夜校；wintersleep冬眠③表目的、来源、材料、所属意义receptiondesk接待台；sportsfield田径场；stonetable石桌；colorTV彩电（3）作状语名词作状语多为表时间或距离等概念的名词。Thewarlastedeightyears.（4）作同位语Tom,ourmonitor,leftschoollastyear.名词的词义辨析主要考察单词基本义的引申和拓展、易错的名词固定搭配以及对同义词、近义词的考查等，是高考中名词考点的重要部分。要解决名词词义辨析，需注意平时积累。词义辨析通常以单选题形式出现【考例16】Heisneversatisfiedwithwhathehasgot.Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheothersideofthe____.A．road B．fence C．wall D．garden【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对自己所拥有的东西从不满意。这山望着那山高。A.road路；B.fence篱笆，围墙；C.wall墙；D.garden花园。Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheothersideofthefence.是谚语，意为“这山望着那山高”。故选B。【考例17】—Americansspendmoreonhealthcarethanmostotherpeople.—You’reright.ButanewstudyshowsthatlifeintheUnitedStatesisfalling.A．development B．position C．experience D．expectancy【答案】D【详解】试题分析：句意：--美国人花费在医疗保健的费用比其他的人要多得多。--你是对的。但是新的研究表明人的平均寿命在下降。development发展；position位置；experience经历；lifeexpectancy平均寿命。根据句意故选D。考点：考查名词辨析。点评：本题难度适中。名词辨析是近几年高考的热点，本题是对已学知识点的回顾，需要考生能够理解该题的语言环境，牢记它们的用法及意义。即学即练：isthefatherofwisdom.A.Development

B.Position

C.Experience

D.Expectancy解析：C。句意:经验是智慧之父。【考例18】Shehaslostonlyninegamesinfivematchesonthewaytothesemifinals.Alwaystheperfectionist,sheseesroomfor.A．achievement B．improvementC．entertainment D．Amusement【答案】B【详解】试题分析：考查名词。句意：她的九场比赛中只有五场是输在了半决赛中的。作为一个完美主义者，她总是在提高自己。A.achievement成就；B.Improvement提高；C.Entertainment娱乐；D.Amusement乐趣；根据词义，可知她是要提高，故选B项。考点：考查名词【考例19】【2018·天津】The__________thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A．advice B．orderC．possibility D．invitation【答案】C【详解】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A.advice建议；B.order命令；C.possibility可能性；D.invitation邀请。故选C。点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题语法上是一个同位语从句，从句thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniverse是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。【考例20】Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)________onourlivesinmanyways.A．statement B．impactC．impression D．judgment【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以观察到人工智能已经在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了影响。A.statement陈述说明；B.impact影响，效果；C.impression印象；D.judgment判断。故选B符合语境。【考例21】Thehealthsecuritysystemsofmanycountriesareundergoingconsiderable______.A．reservation B．transformation C．distinction D．submission【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A.reservation预订；B.transformation改革，变革；C.distinction区别；D.submission提交。根据前文Thehealthsecuritysystems可知，此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。【考例22】Greatimprovementsinpublichealthhavebeenbroughtaboutby________inmedicalscience.A．traditions B．advances C．pressures D．examples【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。A.traditions传统；B.advances前进，进步；C.pressures压力；D.examples例子。根据上文“Greatimprovementsinpublichealthhavebeenbroughtabout”可知，公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的，advances符合语境。故选B。【考例23】Nowadaysthe________oftravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.A．autonomy B．barrier C．prospect D．priority【答案】D【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今旅游的重点从购物转移到食物和风景。A.autonomy自治；B.barrier障碍；C.prospect前景；D.priority重点。根据空后shiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery及常识可知，在旅游中，食物和风景已成为人们优先考虑的事情，此处指旅游重点的转变。故选D项。核心考点3名词与主谓一致高考主谓一致的知识结构一致原则考点详解例句语法一致1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.2.由连接词and或both……and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。LucyandLilyaretwins.SheandIareclassmates.Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.3.主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，togetherwith，except，but，like，aswellas，ratherthan，morethan，nolessthan，besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。Mr.Green，togetherwithhiswifeandchildren，hascometoChina.NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.She，likeyouandTom，isverytall.4.either，neither，each，every或no+单数名词和由some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。Eachofushasanewbook.Everythingaroundusismatter.5.在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.6.如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。ClassFourisonthethirdfloor.ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.注：people，police，cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.7.由“alotof，lotsof，plentyof，therestof，themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.Therestofthelectureiswonderful.50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.注：anumberof与thenumberof的区别8.在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。Therecomesthebus.Onthewallaremanypictures.Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.逻辑一致1.what，who，which，any，more，all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。Whichisyourbag？Whichareyourbags？Allisgoingwell.AllhavegonetoBeijing.2.表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.Tenmilesistoolong.3.若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.4.表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式。Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.逻辑一致5.算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。Twelvepluseightistwenty.Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.6.一些学科名词是以–ics结尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics以及news，works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990.Ithinkphysicsisn‘teasytostudy.7.trousers，glasses，clothes，shoes，jeans等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a（the）pairof等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。Myglassesarebroken.Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.

8.“定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。Theoldaretakengoodcareof.9.a(large)quantityof修饰可数或不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.注意：quantities一般用复数。Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.10.agreatdealof,alargeamountof修饰不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;largeamountsof修饰不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。Alargeamountof(Agreatdealof)damagewasdoneinaveryshorttime.Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.就近一致1.当两个主语由either…or，neither…nor，whether…or…，notonly…butalso连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends.Neithertheynorheiswhollyright.2.therebe句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.Here引导的句子用法同上。如：Hereisamapandahandbookforyou.一、语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。【考例24】Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65(than)walking,cyclingorswimming.【答案】is【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是it，表示单数概念。故填is。【考例25】Heisoneofthemostselfishmenthat_______everlived;that’swhyhardly_______makingfriendswithhim.A.has；anyonelikes B.have；doesanyonelikeC.has；noonelikes D.have；anyonelikes【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致。that引导的定语从句修饰的是名词复数men，因此定语从句的谓语动词应用have。第一个空考查的是定语从句中谓语动词的单复数，oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词，因此第一个空用have；后半句译为＂那就是几乎没有任何人和他交朋友的原因＂，hardly表示＂几乎不＂，根据句意，后面应是肯定句，故排除C项；hardly作为否定副词放在句首时，句子才使用倒装语序，因此排除B项。故选D项。二、逻辑一致谓语动词的数须与主语的意义一致(因有时主语的形式是单数，但意义却为复数;有时主语形式为复数，而意义却为单数)。【考例26】—________oneandahalfmonthsenoughfortheprojecttobefinished?—Iamafraidnot.Theprofessorisillandonlyafterherecovers________goonwithit.A．Is;hecan B．Are;hecanC．Is;canhe D．Are;canhe【答案】C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：——一个半月足够完成这件工程吗？——恐怕不行，教授生病了，只有当他恢复他才能继续这件事。第一空，将oneandahalfmonths看成一个名词主语，强调这个时间内，故谓语用单数。第二个空考查only+after从句，主句用部分倒装，故选C项。【考例27】—ThetalentshowYouthwithYou________becominghotterandhotteronline.

—Exactly.Halfofourclass________interestedinit.A．is;is B．are;are C．is;are D．are;is【答案】C【详解】考查主谓一致和动词的时态。句意：——才艺秀《青春有你》在网上越来越火了。——确实。我们班上一半的人对它感兴趣。根据对话可知，讲述现在的事实用一般现在时态。空一主语是Thetalentshow，是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数is；half+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。“ourclass”指的是我们班上的人，是复数概念，此处谓语动词用复数形式are。故选C。三、就近一致在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。【考例28】Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren___________skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.A.isgoing B.go C.goes D.aregoing【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：在冬天的每个星期天下午，这位父亲和他的三个孩子都去结冰的河面上滑冰。当aswellas连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与aswellas前面的名词或代词保持一致，即为就远原则。本题的谓语动词应与Thefather保持一致，用单数形式；由时间状语everySundayafternoon可知，本句应用一般现在时。故选C项。【考例29】Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents________around$8，450ayear,which________aburdenforsomeofthem.A.are；is B.are；are C.is；are D.is；is【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：那所大学估计，对国际学生来说，一年的生活开销大约是8450美元，这对他们中某些学生来说是一个负担。第一空的主语是livingexpenses，是复数，因此谓语动词用复数；第二空的主语是which，指代的是前面整个句子，因此谓语动词用单数。一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1.Itwashardtofollowwhattheteacherwassaying,andeventuallyIlost________(concentrate).2.Yes,heowesmeagoodmany______(apologize)butIdon’tcare.3.Thedriversshouldraise________(aware)ofsafety,especiallyonhighways.4.Thescenerywasbeautifulbeyond________(describe).5.Theremaybealink(联系)betweenmadnessand________(creative).6.Exam________(anxious)isseriousamongstudentsinmiddleschool.7.Lackingsleepcausedhimpoormemoryandpoor________(concentrate).8.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautiful________(surround).9.Thesemethodscanhelpincreasestudents’________(motivate)andinterest.10.Wearetakingstepstopreventairfrom________(pollute).11.Althoughhuman________(evolve)hasspedupinthepast10,000years,theearthisstillatitsyoungage.12.Iftheteacheristoostrict,itmaylimittheir________(creative)andimagination.13.Heiscalminthefaceofchallengesand________(press).14.Oxfordhasalottooffervisitorsinthewayofgood__________(entertain).15.Itwasthefortiethanniversaryofthedeathofthat__________(compose).16.Your__________(qualification)aretheofficialdocumentsortitlesyouhavethatshowyourlevelofeducationandtraining.17.Hebegantocomfortmewithsuchusual__________(gentle).18.Asyouknow,intheUS,__________(distant)ismeasuredinmiles.19.Therefore,let’stakethe_________(responsible)tobuildupalow­carboncitybyridingbicycles.20.Shenzhen,whichusedtobeasmallfishingvillage,hasnowchangedbeyond________(recognize).21.Itisimportantthatpeopleshouldraisetheir________(aware)ofprotectingwildanimals.22.Withtheperformancejustaroundcorner,somestudentsarefilledwith________(curious)23.“My___________(assist),Hahim,willdemonstratethemachineinactionforyou,”saidKalantothecrowd.24.Iwenttotheshopandboughtsome_________(decorate)todecorateourhouse.25._________(congratulate)!Wearepleasedtotellyouthatyouhavewonthehighschoolspeaking.26.Thesedays,thereisagrowing_________(tend)forpeopletoshoponline,andmostpeoplemoreorlesshavetheexperienceofshoppingonline.27.Inthenextthreeorfourdays,five____________(witness)totheterribleaccidentwillbecalledtotestify（作证）.28.Heworkedasavolunteerteacherinthemountainousareaafterhis________(graduate).29.Whatmadehersucceedlateronwasthekindnessand_________(consider)sheshowedtoallherpatients.30.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofthenewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmany__________(locate)acrosstheUK.31.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedby__________(evident)offourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.32.Obviously,Johnhasgreat________(admire)fortheresponsibleleader,whohasmadethecompanymore________(power).33.Ihavearranged________Tomtopickuptheexpertattheairportandthejournalistshavemade________(arrangement)foraninterviewwithhim.(用适当的词填空)34.Actually,theexpert____________(amaze)thatthevolunteershadmadegood________(arrange)forthemovement.35.Childrenoftenfeelalotof_________(anxious)abouttheirfirstdayatschool.36.Itissaidthatthe_________(design)ofthenecklaceisawomanartist.37.Accordingtothesurvey,threeintendrivershaveexperiencedanaccidentforlackof________(concentrate)whiledriving.38.Shedesperatelywantedtowinherfather’s_______________(approve).39.Atthemeeting,hereferredtotheimportanceofdevelopingstudents’_________(create).40.Ifyouwanttobeavolunteerforthesportsevent,youshouldwritean_________(apply).41.Acollectionofarchaeologicalevidencehasconfirmedthe________(exist)ofrhinosinancientChina.42.Theboominthesport’s________(popular)hasmeantmorecallsforstrictersafetyregulations.43.TheChineseonlineliteratureindustryhasreceivedincreasing________(recognize)fromhomeandabroad.44.Traditionalbookstoresarefightingagainsttheironline________(compete)tosurvive.45.Someartistsonlygotthepublic’s________(recognize)afterdeath.46.Lackofexerciseandpoordietcancause________(anxious).47.Hearingthenews,hecouldn’tholdbackhis________(angry).48.Thisannualmovementiscalled__________(migrate).49.Thesolutiontothe__________(mysterious)ofthemonarch’samazingabilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.50.Althoughtechnologyhaschangedthewayweacquirefriends,themeaningoffriendshipandour__________(long)forfriendsremainthesame.二、语法填空1阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。IfeltbutterfliesinmystomachwhenIstartedcalligraphyclasstenyearsago.IwonderedwhatIwasdoingthere.Atthatmoment,Icouldn'thaveknownthatI'djustmadeoneofthebest___51___(choose)ofmylife.Isatdownandlistenedtotheteacherintroducingthetoolsofthecraft.Then___52___wasthefirsttimeformethatIhadtriedmyhand.Itookupthebrush,usingthecorrectgesture,___53___(dip)itintheink,andcarefullywrote"one"___54___Chinese.Over___55___pastfiveyears,Ihavelearnedtomakeversionsofwell-knownpoems.Calligraphyseemedlikeabridge,___56___connectedmetoauthorsfromcenturiespast.Stroke(笔画)bystroke,wordbyword,Icouldfeeltheiremotions,cherishedmyownpeaceandlearned___57___(appreciate)mydailylife.Now,calligraphyisnotjustahobby,___58___awaytoremovemyselffromtheworriesoflife.Rollingoutthepaper,Icanwriteforawholeday.Calligraphy___59___(able)metobalancemybusyscheduleandlive____60____(peace).2Redenvelopeshaveplayed__61__importantpartinChineseNewYearforaslongasanyonecanremember.Sowhat’sthestorybehindtheredenvelopesduringChineseNewYear?Onepopularstory__62__(date)backtotheQinDynasty,whentheelderlywouldthreadcoinsontoaredstring.Thismoney__63__(call)yasuiqianinChinese,meaning“moneyprotectingoneselffromevilspirits”,andwasbelievedtoprotectelderpeoplefromsicknessand__64__(die).Astheprintingpressbecamemorecommon,theyasuiqianwasreplaced__65__redenvelopes.Anotherlegendtellsofavillage__66__ademon(恶魔)wouldterrorizechildrenatnight.Itwasbelievedthatthedemonwouldtouchthechildren’sheadswhiletheywereasleep,__67__(cause)seriousillness.Fromthere,atheoryemergedthatwhentheyprayed,thegodwouldsendeightfairiestoprotectthechild.Thefairieswoulddisguise(伪装)__68__(they)aseightcoinsandhideunderthechild’spillow.Whenthedemongotclose,thecoinswouldbegintoshinevery__69__(bright),blindingthedemon.Wordbegantospreadandthevillagersstartedgivingredenvelopes__70__(fill)withcoinstoeachothertoputundertheirpillowsatnight.Astimepassed,redenvelopesbecameawaytobringgoodluckandprosperitytothereceiver.3阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。TheWanderingEarthisaChinesesciencefictionmovie,___71___isbasedonthenovelof___72___samenamebyLiuCixin,andwasreleasedonFebruary5,2019,theChineseNewYear’sDay.Afterlearningthesunisdyingout,peopleallaroundtheworldfeel___73___(frighten),sotheybuildgiantplanetthrusters(星球推进器)___74___(move)theearthoutofitsorbitandsail___75___toanewstarsystem.The2500years’journeycomeswithunexpecteddangers,butinordertosavehumanity,agroupofyoungpeoplecomeoutbravelyandfighthardforeveryone’s___76___(survive).We___77___(impress)toseethethemeofthisfilm.Itdoesn’tparticularlyshowsomebody’sabilitytosaveourworld___78___showsallthehumanbeingsareworkingtogether,___79___(spare)noefforttosavethisworld.TheWanderingEarthisseenbypeopleasthedawn(开端)ofChinesesciencefictionmovies.ItmeansthatChina’ssci-fimovieshave___80___(official)setsail.4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Languageissometimeswrittenasacodesothatpeoplecancommunicatesecrets.During____81____SecondWorldWar,theGermanNavy（海军）usedacodetosendmessages.TheBritishbrokethecodeand____82____（learn）aboutmanyGermanplans.TheJapanesealsousedacodetotalkto____83____（they）shipsatsea.ItwascalledthePurpleCode.AlthoughtheAmericanssoonbrokethiscode,theJapanesedidn’tknowit____84____（break）.In1942,theAmericansbegantousetheirowncodetosend____85____（secret）.AfewNavajo（纳瓦在人）Indiansmadethiscode____86____（base）ontheirlanguage,whichonlysomeAmericanIndiansspoke.ThecodedescribedafewthingstheAmericanarmydid.Onlytheycouldunderstandthiscode,sotheywentwiththearmyasitfoughtagainsttheJapanese.TheseNavajosoldierspromised____87____（keep）thiscodeasecret,eventhoughthiscouldcausetheir____88____（die）.TheJapaneseneverbrokethecodebecausetheyknewnothing____89____theNavajolanguage.Andthecode,____90____connectedtwolanguages,helpedwinthewarinthePacific.5阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LastOctoberIlefttheUKbehindandjoinedGillottsSchoolontheirrugbyandhockeytourinsunnyItaly.ItwasmyfirsttimeawayonasportstourandIcouldnothaveenjoyedit_____91_____(much)!Fivedaysofsports,betweentrainingandmatcheswithItalianplayers,butalsoplenty___92___timeforsightseeingandfreemomentstoenjoyanicecreaminthesun.____93____ourflighthadlandedinMilan,wegotonourcoachanddroveforacoupleofhourstowardsourhomefortheweek,theHotelSanZeno,a_____94_____(comfort),family-runaccommodation,withasplendidviewofLakeGarda.Startingthedaywithaself-ledtraining,enjoyingaboattouronthelake,wanderingalongthestreetsofSirmioneforafewhoursandheadingoff_____95_____(play)asport—thesearejustafew____96____(example)ofthekindofadventuresyoucouldbehaving!Thegirlsandboysonthistourseemedtoenjoy_____97_____(they)thoroughly,especiallyafterwinningALLoftheirgames!Ifoundmyself____98____(cheer)themonlikeaproudauntandcelebratingafterwardswithfood,drinkandsocialtime,hostedbyrugbyclubsaftermatches.Onthelastdayweheadedbackto_____99_____airport,butnotbeforestoppinginMilan!We_____100_____(pay)avisittotheSanSiromuseumandenjoyedastadiumtourbeforemovingontoMilancitycentreforanafternoonofshopping.6阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Thefirstblockbuster(大片)ofChinasetinspace,“TheWanderingEarth,”opensTuesdayduringgrandexpectations____101____itwillrepresentthedawningofanewerainChinesefilmmaking.“TheWanderingEarth,”____102____(show)in3-D,takesplaceinadistantfutureinwhichthesunisabouttoexpandintoaredgiantanddevour(吞噬)theEarth.It____103____(adapt)fromworksbyLiuCixin,thewriter____104____hasledarenaissanceinsciencefictionhere,____105____(become)thefirstChinesewinneroftheHugoAwardin2015.Hisnovelsaresplendidand____106____(deep)researched.Thatmakes____107____(they)reasonablefantasiesabouthumanity’smeetingwithadangerousuniverse.TheopeningsalsocomeasChinareachedamilestoneinspace:thelandingofaprobeon____108____farsideofthemooninJanuary.AlthoughdecadesbehindRussiaandtheUnitedStates,Chinahasnowputastronauts____109____orbitandhasambitiousplanstojoin—orevenlead—anewageofspaceexploration.“Ithinkthereisaveryclose_____110_____(connect)betweenChinesecinemaandthenation’sfortunes,”saidShaDan,acuratorattheChinaFilmArchive.7BecautiousofFridaythe13th！Manypeoplethinkthedayisunlucky.___111___（fortune）,there'sonlyoneFridaythe13ththisyear.Asthelegendgoes，youshouldtrynot___112___（break）anymirrors，walkunderaladder，orevenspillanysalt.Why？Researcherssay___113___istoughtofindouthowthetraditioncameintobeing.Manybelieveithas___114___（religion）origins.IntheChristianfaith，therewere13guestsattablefortheLastSupper，whichwasheldthedaybeforetheFriday___115___Jesusdied.Now，Fridaythe13hhasbecomeaculturalwonder.ManyAmericansavoidthenumber13alltogether，___116___（include）hotelroomsandairplaneseatassignments.Itevencostscoupleslesstogetmarriedonthe