Unit11语法专项反身代词情态动词课件-仁爱科普版英语七年级下册

教学课件新仁爱版七年级下册

Unit11语法专项——反身代词&情态动词（must/should）

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学习目标掌握反身代词的形式、用法及常用固定搭配区分must/mustn’t与should/shouldn’t的语气和用法场景会用must表肯定猜测、can’t表否定猜测，规避易混点能结合语境正确运用反身代词和情态动词完成各类题型反身代词-完整形式对照表人称/数主格反身代词例句第一人称单数ImyselfIfinishhomeworkbymyself.第二人称单数youyourselfYoushouldaskyourselffirst.第三人称单数she/he/itherself/himself/itselfShetaughtherselfmath.第一人称复数weourselvesWeenjoyedourselvesattheparty.第二人称复数youyourselvesYoucandoityourselves.第三人称复数theythemselvesTheywenthikingbythemselves.反身代词-核心固定搭配byoneself独自，单独；teachoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得开心，过得愉快；dressoneself自己穿衣hurtoneself伤到自己；lookafteroneself照顾自己telloneself告诫自己；learnsthbyoneself自学某物搭配中反身代词需根据主语及时变换形式反身代词-用法详解（作宾语）作宾语时，动作由主语发出，且直接作用于主语自身放在及物动词后，体现“主语做动作到自己身上”的含义Hehurthimselfwhenplayingbasketball.他打球时伤到了自己。Shecanlookafterherselfwhenherparentsareout.父母外出时她能照顾自己。IoftenteachmyselfEnglishinmyfreetime.我空闲时经常自学英语。反身代词-用法详解（表语+同位语）作表语：放在系动词后，描述主语的身体或精神状态Sheisnotherselftoday.她今天状态不太好。作同位语：放在主语后，强调“亲自、本人”，可删去不影响句意Imyselfmadethisbirthdaycakeforyou.我亲自为你做了这个生日蛋糕。Theythemselvesfinishedtheworkwithouthelp.反身代词vs形容词性物主代词反身代词：不接任何名词，表动作回指主语自身例句：Hewashedhimselfquickly.他快速地给自己洗了澡。形容词性物主代词：必须后接名词，表所属关系例句：Hewashedhishandsquickly.他快速地洗了手。核心区分：看后面是否有名词，有则用形物代，无则考虑反身代词反身代词-高频易错点反身代词与主语人称/数不一致，如Weenjoyedhimself.将反身代词后接名词，如Thisismyselfbook.单独用反身代词作主语，如Myselfwenttothepark.混淆yourself和yourselves，忽略you的单复数语境固定搭配中用错反身代词，如enjoymyself（主语为we时）反身代词-基础小练（填空）1.Mybrothercandress________(he)withouthismother’shelp.2.Weenjoyed___________(we)alotattheNewYearparty.3.Thelittlecathurt___________(it)whenclimbingthewall.4.Youshouldtell___________(you)tokeepworkinghard.5.Theywenttothemuseumby__________(they)lastSunday.himselfourselvesitselfyourselfthemselves二、情态动词-核心规则本单元重点掌握must/mustn’t、should/shouldn’t的用法情态动词后必须接动词原形，无人称和数的变化可表义务、禁止、建议，还可用于对事物进行猜测must表强硬语气，should表委婉语气，需结合场景选择否定猜测不用mustn’t，用can’t，这是核心考点情态动词-must/mustn’t表必须/禁止must表“必须”，用于法定、校规、硬性义务，无商量余地mustn’t表“禁止”，用于危险、违法、绝对不允许的行为句式：主语+must/mustn’t+动词原形Youmustwearaseatbeltwhendriving.开车时必须系安全带。Youmustn’tplaywithfireintheforest.禁止在森林里玩火。must的疑问句否定回答用needn’t，而非mustn’t情态动词-must的疑问句及回答疑问句结构：Must+主语+动词原形？用于询问是否有做某事的硬性要求—MustIfinishthehomeworktoday?我必须今天完成作业吗？—Yes,youmust.是的，你必须。—No,youneedn’t.不，你不必。绝对不能用No,youmustn’t.回答，避免语气混淆情态动词-should/shouldn’t表应该/不应该should表“应该”，用于健康、礼仪、学习等合理建议，语气委婉shouldn’t表“不应该”，用于劝诫他人不要做某事，无强制意味句式：主语+should/shouldn’t+动词原形Youshouldeatmorefruittokeephealthy.你应该多吃水果保持健康。Youshouldn’ttalkloudlyinthelibrary.你不应该在图书馆大声说话。should的疑问句肯定回答用Yes,youshould.，否定用No,youshouldn’t.情态动词-猜测用法（must/can’t）must表肯定猜测，意为“一定、肯定”，只有肯定形式，有明确依据can’t表否定猜测，意为“不可能”，是must的否定猜测形式，不用mustn’t句式均为：主语+must/can’t+be+名词/形容词/介词短语Thelightison.Hemustbeathome.灯亮着，他一定在家。HewenttoBeijingyesterday.Hecan’tbeherenow.他昨天去了北京，现在不可能在这。情态动词-高频易混点辨析（一）mustn’tvsdon’thavetomustn’t表示“禁止，绝对不能”，是不允许做某事Youmustn’tsmokeinthehospital.医院里禁止吸烟。don’thaveto表示“不必，没必要”，是没有做某事的硬性要求Youdon’thavetocometoschoolonweekends.周末你不必来学校。情态动词-高频易混点辨析（二）must猜测vsshould推测must表肯定猜测，有明确、客观的依据，语气极肯定Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地面湿了，昨晚一定下雨了。should表常理推测，无明确依据，只是按常理判断，语气较弱Thebusshouldcomeinfiveminutes.公交车应该五分钟后到。情态动词-基础小练1（选must/should/mustn’t/shouldn’t）1.We________followtheschoolrules.It’sabasicrequirement.2.You__________drinkcoldwaterwhenyouhaveafever.3.Drivers__________driveafterdrinking.It’sagainstthelaw.4.You___________saythankyouwhensomeonehelpsyou.5.We___________wastefood.Everygrainishardtoget.himselfourselvesitselfyourselfthemselves情态动词-基础小练2（猜测用法）用must或can’t填空，完成猜测表达1.Theboxistoolight.It________befullofstones.2.SheknowsalotaboutParis.She___________havebeentherebefore.3.Heisonly3yearsold.He________readthisbookbyhimself.4.Thedoorisopen.They________beathomenow.5.Theflowersarealldead.It___________haverainedforalongtime.mustshouldn’tmustn’tshouldshouldn’t反身代词&情态动词-综合小练1（填空）结合两大语法知识点，用所给词的适当形式填空1.You________(should/must)learntolookafter________________(you).2.Thegirltaught________(she)drawingandshe________(must/should)practiceeveryday.3.We________(mustn’t/shouldn’t)swimintheriver,andwemustprotect____________(we).4.He________(must/can’t)behungry.Hejustateabigmeal.5.They________(should/must)tell________(they)tobecarefulontheroad.shouldyourself/yourselvesherselfmustmustn’tourselvescan’tshouldthemselves反身代词&情态动词-综合小练2（单项选择）1.Mysistermadethecake________.It’ssodelicious.A.herB.herselfC.sheD.hers2.—________Icleantheroomnow?—No,youneedn’t.A.MustB.ShouldC.CanD.May3.Thelittleboycan’tdress________,sohismom________helphim.A.himself;mustB.him;shouldC.himself;shouldD.him;must4.Thelightisoff.He________beintheofficenow.A.mustB.can’tC.shouldD.needn’t5.You________tell________tocalmdownwhenyouareangry.A.should;yourselfB.must;youC.should;youD.must;yourselfBAABA反身代词&情态动词-小练3（完成句子）1.他独自完成了这项工作。Hefinishedthework________________.2.我们应该自学一些生活技能。We________learnsomelifeskillsby___________.3.你禁止在马路上玩耍，太危险了。You________playontheroad.It’stoodangerous.4.她一定很累，她工作了一整天。She________________tired.Sheworkedallday.5.孩子们在聚会上玩得很开心。Thechildren____________________attheparty.byhimselfshouldourselvesmustn’tmustbeenjoyedthemselves反身代词&情态动词-提升小练Lastweekend,wewentcampingby________(we).We________(must/should)takeenoughfoodandwaterbeforegoing.Wetaught________(we)toputupthetent.Itwasnoteasy,butwediditwell.We________(mustn’t/shouldn’t)leaverubbisheverywhere,sowetookarubbishbag.Theairinthemountainwasfresh,andwe________(enjoy)________(we)alot.We________(must/can)gothereagainnextweekend.It’sagreatplace.ourselvesmustourselvesmustn’tenjoyedourselvescan反身代词&情态动词-挑战小练（句式转换）1.Youmustfinishtheworkatonce.（改为否定句）2.WeshouldlearnEnglishbyourselves.（改为一般疑问句）3.HetaughthimselfFrench.（改为同义句）4.Shemustbeadoctor.（改为否定猜测句）5.Youshouldn’tplaycomputergamestoomuch.（改为肯定句）Youneedn’tfinishtheworkatonce.ShouldwelearnEnglishbyourselves?HelearnedFrenchbyhimself.Shecan’tbeadoctor.Youshoulddosomethingmeaningfulinsteadofplayingcomputergamestoomuch.反身代词&情态动词-情景运用练1.提醒同学不要在教室大声说话，用shouldn’t2.告诉弟弟必须按时完成作业，用must3.猜测朋友一定在家，因为他家灯亮着，用must4.说自己独自去了超市，用byoneself5.劝诫朋友发烧时应该多喝热水，用shouldYoushouldn’ttalkloudlyintheclassroom.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkontime,mybrother.Thelightinhishouseison.Hemustbeathome.Iwenttothesupermarketbymyself.Youshoulddrinkmorehotwaterwhenyouhaveafever.反身代词-核心知识点总结反身代词指代主语，表“自己”，形式与主语人称、数一致可作宾语、表语、同位语，常搭配固定短语，不可单独作主语不接名词，与形容词性物主代词的核心区别是后有无名词高频搭配需熟记，by/teach/enjoyoneself为必考内容规避人称不一致、后接名词、单独作主语等常见错误情态动词（must/should）-核心知识点总结情态动词后接动词原形，无人称、数的变化，是通用规则must表强硬的必须/禁止，用于法定、校规、危险行为；should表委婉建议must的疑问句否定回答用needn’t，不可用mustn’t猜测用法中，must表肯定猜测，can’t表否定猜测，不用mustn’t区分mustn’t（禁止）和don’thaveto（不必），避免用法混淆两大语法-综合运用技巧做反身代词题：先找主语，确定单复数