大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷298

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷298

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwant—withnoneofthefatThatwouldbegreat,

wouldn'tit?New"fakefat"productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStates

recently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontaina

compoundcalledolcstra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertain

foods.Critics,however,saythenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitamins

andnutrientsandcanalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soit'supto

consumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.

Chemistsdiscoveredolestrain（helate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthat

couldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,the

researcherscreatedafatthatcan'tbedigestedatall.Normally,specialchemicalsinthe

intestines（肠）"grab"moleculesofregularfatandbreakthemdownsotheycanbeusedby

thebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculesofsubstancescalled

fattyacids.Thefattyacidsareabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemthe

essentialvitaminsA,D,E,andK.Whenfatmoleculesarepresentintheintestineswith

anyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandarecarriedintothe

bloodstream.Olestra.whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoo

largefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbroken

down.Manufacturerssayit'sthatabilitytoslideunchangedthroughtheintestinesthat

makesolestrasovaluableasafatsubstitute.Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteof

regularfatwithoutanybadeffectsonthebody.Butcriticssayolestracanprevent

vitaminsA,D,E,andKfrombeingabsorbed.Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionof

carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）,compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,

etc.ManufacturersareaddingvitaminsA,D,E.andKaswellascarotenoidstotheir

productsnow.Evenso,somenutritionistsarestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteat

unlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthow

manycaloriestheyareconsuming.

1Welearnfromthepassagethatolestraisasubstancethat.

A^containsplentyofnutrients

B、makesfoodsfat-freewhilekeepingthemdelicious

C、rendersfoodscalorie-freewhileretainingtheirvitamins

D^makesfoodseasilydigestible

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第2段第2句提到“生产含有Olestra化合物的食品的厂商认为使用

Olestra能除掉某些食品中的脂肪”，在第6段，作者又指出“Olestra不为肠胃吸

收，并能保持脂肪的关味而不对身体产生有害的影响”，因此B与文中所阐述的观

点一致；A与文中提到Olestra会阻止人体吸收某些维生素和类胡萝卜素相悖；C、

D同样与原文的意思相悖。

2、Theresultofthesearchforaneasilydigestiblefatturnedouttobe.

A^justasanticipated

B、commerciallyuseless

C、quiteunexpected

D、somewhatcontroversial

标准答案：C

知识点解析；第3段提到“20世纪60年代后期，化学家在寻找一种容易为婴儿吸

收的脂肪时发现了Olestra,但却发现它根本不能为人体吸收”，因此，此结果是出

乎意料的，C与此观点一致。

3、Olestraisdifferentfromordinaryfatsinthat.

A^itfacilitatestheabsorptionofvitaminsby(hebody

B、itpassesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingabsorbed

C、ithelpsreducetheincidenceofheartdisease

D、itpreventsexcessiveintakeofvitamins

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第6段首句提至。Olestra因体积太大，含有6-8个脂肪酸分子，而不

能被肠胃分解吸收”，因此B正确。A、D与文中所表达的意思相悖；只有类胡萝

卜素才有此功能，因此C不对。

4、Whatisapossiblenegativeeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?

A^Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.

B、ItmayspoiltheconsumersJappetite.

C、Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.

D、1(mayaffecttheoverallfatintake.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第6段第5句提至IJ“一些批评家认为Olestra阻止人体吸收维生素A、

D、E、K和类胡萝卜素，而类胡萝卜素却是一种能减少癌症及心脏病发病率的化

合物”，因此，A正确；B与文章所陈述之意相悖；C和D文中没有提及。

5、Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?

A、Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.

B、Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.

C、Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.

D、Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.

标准答案:A

知识点解析：文章最后一段第2句提到,,一些营养学家担心这样一来，人们也许会

不加限制地享用由代脂肪制成的食品，从而摄取更多的热量”，A与文中所陈述的

观点一致；其他三项在文中均没有进行陈述。

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationfcrDahrendorfsassertion

thatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgefor

practicalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremind

ourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearora

robotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameor

arobottoproducemachinepans,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Fora

birdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequally

well.TheexplosionofiheChallengerspaceshuttleandiheRussiannuclearaccidentai

Chernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;theyprovidecasesinwhich

well-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywire(变得混舌L)andtherewasnoreadyhandto

setthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdone

withit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnologyevertuallytoblowourworld

andourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehave

managedtosurviveandevennourish.Whetherwewillcontinue(odosointheyears

aheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloser

examination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlives

thanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecialized

machinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassert

thattheswilulitoaninfoniialion-bascdeconomyisinllicsitinccampasutlicrgreat

historicalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.Yetwhenwcaskwhythe

IndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimary

reasonwhyitwasarevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.Itgaverisetomass

productionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotconfined

tothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethestructure

ofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopennewpossibilitiesin

knowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolutionsupplementedandreplacedthe

musclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthis

developmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsby

electronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmaking

decisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesin

predictingtheimpactonsociety.

6、Aspearorarobothas(hequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit.

A、isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobject

B、servesdifferentpurposesequallywell

C、isutilizedbyman

D^canbeofusetobothmanandanimal

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第2段第3句提到，除非人们用矛去捕获把物或用机器人去生产机器

零件，否则二者都只不过是硬梆梆的物体而已。也就是说只有这些东西为人类所用

的时候，它们才具有科技含量，C正确。其他选项利用原文个别信息，胡乱拼凑而

成，不符题意。

7、TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshow

(hat.

Asifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyourworld

B、technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforit

C、technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbyman

D^beingahumancreation,technologyisliabletoerror

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据题干关键词theChallengerandChernobvl查找到第2段第5句。

该句提到，美国“挑战者号”航天飞机的爆炸以及俄罗斯“丽尔诺贝利''核泄露事件彻

底暴露了技术的人为性特征。也就是说技术是人为创造出来的，容易出问题，D正

确。B虽然文中有所提及，却不是作者举例要说明的问题，A、C在原文中找不到

依据。

8、Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainly

because.

A、(hecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmind

B、thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebefore

C、ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnology

D、ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第3段倒数第2句提到，工业革命之所以是一场革命，原因不在于机

器的革新，主要原因是工业革命引发了巨大的社会变化，因此D正确。其他三个

选项为这一变化的某一具体表现，不够全面，因此排除。

9、Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechno!ogy"(Line6,Para.2),theauthor

referstothefactthattechnology.

A、hasagreatimpactonhumanlife

B、hassomecharacteristicsofhumannature

C、canreplacesomeaspectsofthehumanmind

D、doesnotexistinthenaturalworld

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据题干查找到第2段，本词组所在句以两个技术事件说明技术的人

为性特征，即技术同人性一样，存在弱点，B正确。

1。、Thepassageisbasedontheauthor's.

A、keeninsightintothenatureoftechnology

B、prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolution

C、cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputers

D、exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题可用排除法。B中的••批判”、C中的••人类思维被电脑取代”在原

文找不到作者的相关观点；虽然文中提及科技带来负面的东西，却没有对技术的

负面影响进行夸大的描述，D项也可排除，A正确。

InthebattlefortheyoungsodadrinkersofChina,U.S.-basedPepsi-Colamayhavefound

apowerfulnewweapon:youngstreetsellerstoting（背负）backpacksodadispensers.It

maysoundtrivial,butinChina'steeming（拥挤的）cilies,gettingcoldcarbonateddrinks

intothehandsoftheyoungcanbeastruggle.Vendingmachinesareoftenoutoforder,

hawkerswithpushcartscan'tkeepdrinkscoldenough,andthefriendlymom-and-pop

comerstoresjustdon'tcutitwithteenagerstryingtoacthip.Thebackpackdispensersare

thelatesttwistinacontinuingbattlebetweenPepsi-ColaandrivalCoca-ColaforChina's

sodadrinkers.Since1996.PepsihasvirtuallyconcededdominancetoCoca-Colainall

butafewinternationalmarkets.AmongtheexceptionsisChina,wherePepsi-Cola

believesitcanmakealaststandbyappealingtoyouth.Sofar,however,ithasn'tgained

muchground.ResearchfirmACNielsensaysaJanuarysurveyindicatedCoca-Colahad

captured47%ofChina'smarketforcarbonatedbeverages—SpriteandFanta.Pepsi­

Cola'ssharelaggedwellbehindat19%,mostofwhichwasduetoPepsi,followedby7-

UpandMountainDew.Globally,Coca-Colahada51%shareofbeveragesaleslastyear,

comparedwith21%fbrPepsi-Cola.Coca-Cola'sChinamarketingdirectorinHongKong,

JohnCheung,sayshisfirmtriedbackpackdispensersinChinaafewyearsagobut

decidedtheyweren'tpayingoffbecausethedrinkswarmeduptooquickly.ButPepsi­

Cola'sTansaysthedispensershiscompanyuses-madebyU.S.-basedThirstEnders

International—keeptherateofwarmingtoaminimum:twodegreesanhouronahotday.

WithshoppersinChengdugulpingdownthe32cupsineachtankwithinanhour,the

drinksarealwayscool.CheungadmitsthatanotherreasonforCoca-Cola'sdisappointing

resultswasthatitpickedolder,unemployedadultstowearthedispensers,ratherthan

upbeatyoungpeople.Pepsi-Colaavoidedthatmistakebyrecruitingfromuniversities.

"Wewantpeoplewhocanbeidentifiedbytheyoungcustomerswithsellingthedrinks,"

saysTan."Theyneedtobeyoung,energeticandoutgoing."Pepsi-Colaalsohasusedthe

dispensersinthePhilippinesandSingaporeforpromotionsandsportingevents.InChina,

itmaystartusingthematsoccergames—itsponsorsthecountry'spremierleague.Tan

sayshewantstotakethepacksnationwide"assoonaspossible".Thatwillmean

convincingbottlersanddistributorstostumpup$1,000foreachpack.（UnderPepsi­

Cola'sarrangementswithitslocalpartners,thepartnersbearthefullcost.）Coca-Cola's

Cheungadmitshe'swatchingPepsi-Cola'sgambit（策略）carefuHy."Ifthedaycomesthat

thebackpackissuchabigadvantage,"hesays,"Wellusethemtoo."

11、According（othethirdparagraph,thebackpack-dispenserapproachappeared.

A、promising

B、ineffective

C、toworkinonlyfewinternationalmarkets

D、tocausePepsitolosemoremarketshare

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第3段第4句及从第5句开始所显示的数据都表明百事公司采用的背

包式饮料机策略没有效果，R为本题答案"从第3段首句可知百事可乐公司对背包

式饮料机策略寄予了厚望，但该段的数据表明这个策略并没有带来成功，A不正

确：C文中没有提及；第3段最后两句对比了两家公司的市场份额，但这并不是使

用了背包式饮料机之后的市场份额，D无从说起。

12、Itcanheinferredthatthemostsuccessfulbackpackdispensersmustbe.

A、lightenoughforsalespeopletowear

B、externallyappealingtoyoungpeople

C、thermallystableenough

D^technologicallyflawless

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第4段第1句和第2句围绕的话题是背包式饮料机的保温问题，百事

公司在成都的成功就在于他们使用的饮料机能够使饮料保持相对稳定的温度，C为

本题答案。A和B原文并耒讨论；D过于绝对了。

13、Coca-Cola'swrongchoiceofitsstreetsellersshowsthat.

A、colaismorepopularwithyoungpeople

B、peopleprefertobuycolaatregularstores

C、universitystudentsaremorecapablesellers

D、thecompanyconsiderstcomuchaboutcost

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第5段对比r可口可乐和百事可乐对背负饮料机的销售人员的选择，

从这个对比可以看出，可口可乐公司的失败就在于它没有注重产品的消费对象是年

轻人，由此可知，可乐更受年轻人欢迎，本题应选A。B与该对比无关：C和D都

没有原文依据。

14、WhatisJohnCheung'sattitudetowardsthefeasibilityofthebackpackstrategy?

A^Optimistic.

B、Disappointed.

C、Doubtful.

D、Cautious.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：在第4段和第5段，JohnCheung分析了可口可乐公司使用背包式饮

料机失败的原因，这似乎表明他对饮料机很失望，但在末段他却表示如果百事可乐

公司的策略证明有用的话，他们也会跟着采用，其中的carefully表明他对饮料机

的看法是审慎的，因此D为本题答案。

15、WhatcanweinferaboutthePepsi'sbackpackstrategy?

A、Thebackpackstrategyismosteffectivelyusedinsportsevents.

B、ThebackpackdispensersneedtobefinancedbyPepsi'spartners.

C、ThebackpackstrategywillbecarriedoutsoonthroughoutChina.

D、ThebackpackdispensersusedinthePhilippinesprovedasuccess.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项B中的finance与第6段末句括号U」的bearthefullcost意思相

近，由此可知，B为正确的说法。A中的mosteffectively无从证实；该段提及百事

希望饮料机可以“尽快”在中国普及，但“尽快”是多快却难以推断，C不正确；D中

的provedasuccess没有相关细节支持。

Inthe1920sAmericaenjoyedwhatwastobecomeknownas"anAgeofExcess".From

1921-1929manufacturingoutputincreasedwithonlyasmallcheck—themildrecession

of1924,andrealGNP(1929prices)rose45.6percent.Inrealtermsitwasavigorous

expansionwiththeaddedattractionsofstableprices,risingrealwages,andmainly"full"

employment.Sothe1920s'boomremainsalegendintheAmericaneconomichistory.

Theboomwascreatedbyseveralfactorsthatworkedtogether.Thethreepresidentsof

thetwenties.Harding,CoolidgeandHooverwereallRepublicanswhosupported

businessandthestockmarket.TheRepublicanswereagainstanykindofwelfarestateor

thegovernmentregulatingbusiness.Theyintroducedlowertaxratesandraisedtariffson

foreigngoodssotheycouldnotcompetewithAmericanbusiness.Thiswasknownas

"protectionism".America'seconomyhadnotsufferedfromWorldWarI.Infactithad

beenstrengthenedbytradingarmstotheallies.Inthetwenlies,therewasasubstantial

growthinproduction,jobs,profits,wagesandthestandardofliving.Thegrowthin

productioncreatedmorejobs,andbecausemorepeoplehadmoremoneytheycouldbuy

thenewlyproducedgoods.Moregoodsneededtobeproducedsomorejobsandprofits

werecreated.Thisledtothetwentiesseeingthestartofmassproductionand

consumerism.Forthefirsttimeitemslikecarsandrefrigeratorswereavailableand

affuidablctoihciniddlcclasses,andsecondaryindusliicssuu:iasadvcilisingbecame

veryprofitable.Therewasaninevitablechangeintheideasandactionsofsociety.People

couldaffordtoenjoytheirleisuretimeandtheleisureindustriesalsoboomed.Muchof

AmericanSocietywaschangedbytheBoom.Morepeoplecouldgooutandenjoy

themselvesbecauseoftheincreasedleisuretimeandaffluenceofsociety.WriterF.Scott

Fitzgeraldcalledit"theAgeofExcess*'.Jazzmusichadamassiveeffectontheyouthof

America,astheybecamemoreoutgoing.Morestartedsmokingandgoingout,and

womenstartedtowearshorterskirtsandothermoreoutrageousfashions.Older

generationshated(henewmusicandshowedapparentdisrespectofyoungerpeople.A

newkindofwomanwascreated,calleda"flapper".Hollywoodpromotedthesewomen

andtheirfashionsastherogueactressesbecameiconsforotheryoungladies.Tomost,

thesewomenwerenothingbutasignofthetimes,adeclineintraditionalstandards.

16、Fromthepassage,welearnthat"theAgeofExcess".

A、wastheresultof"protectionism"and"consumerism"

B、wasthemosteconomicallyprosperoustimesintheU.S.

C、wasatermfirstusedbyawriternamedF.ScottFitzgerald

D、wastheonlyperiodwhentheunemploymentratewaszero

标准答案：C

知识点解析：末段第3句虽然没有直接说明Fitzgerald是首位使用“纵乐的年代”的

人，但从句中的calledit可以推断“纵乐的年代”这