高二英语（人教版）选择性必修二UNIT1单元模拟验收性评价

UNIT1单元仿真验收性评价

（时间：100分钟满分：120分）班级：姓名：得分：

第一部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Prize.Theplanet.BelowsPrinceWilliamannouncedihewinnersof（hisyear'sEarthshot

Prize.Thcprizeismeanttoencouragenewideasandrapidactiontohelpprotecttheplanet.Below

arepartsofthisyear'sprize-winningprojectsineachcategory.

ProtectandRestoreNature

Kheytiwontheprizeforprotectingandrestoringnaturewithits

uGreenhouse-in-a-boxvidea.Kheytiidea.Kheytiisalreadyworkingwith1,000farmersacross

India,whichisoneofthemostclimate-affectedcountriesintheworld.Thepanysaysthe

greenhousesallowfarmerstouse90%lesswaterandproduceseventimesasmuchfood.Kheyti

hopestogetitsgreenhousesto50,000fannersby2027.

CleanOurAir

ChariotMagayiwontheprizeforcleaningtheair.MsMagayidevelopedastove（炉子）that

usesafuelthat'scheaperandpollutesfarlessthancharcoalstoves.Currcntly,over200,000ofher

CleanStovesarebeingusedinKenya.

BuildaWaste-FreeWorld

ALondon-basedpanycalledNotpla（fbr“NotPlastic^wontheprizefbrbuildinga

waste-ireeworld.Ihey'vecreatedaplasticsubstitute（替代品）fromplantsfoundinthe

ocean.Unlikemostplastic,（heirproductsbreakdownnaturallywithnomicroplastics.Notpla

believestheirproductscanhelpendtheplasticpollutionthat'sfillinglandfillsandpolluting

oceans.

FixOurClimate

TheEarthshotPrizeforworkingtowardfixingourclimatewenttoapanycalled44.01from

Oman.44.01hascupwithawaytoturnpollutingcarbondioxide（CO2）intoarockcalled

peridotile.OncetheCO?hasbeenturnedintorock,itcannolongerbereleasedintothe

atmosphereagain.Thcmethodthat44.01usesisfast,cheapandpermanent.

1.WhatistheaimoftheEarthshotPrize?

A.Toofferpracticaladviceonglobalwarming.

B.Tofindsolutionstotheenvironmentalproblems.

C.Todevelopastrategicpartnershipwithallparties.

D.ToencourageliterarycreationsoftheBritishpeople.

2.WhereareKheyti'sgreenhouseswidelyused?

A.InIndia.B.InKenya.

C.IntheUK.D.InOman.

3.WhatdoChariotMagayiand44.01haveinmon?

A.Theywanttobuildawaste-freeworld.

B.Theirprojectsaredirectlygoodforfanners.

C.Theirachievementsbenefittheaircleaning.

D.Theyuseplantsfromtheoceanintheirproducts.

B

Scientistshavemadegreatdiscoveries.Buthowhavetheyinfluencedourpersonallives?Do

kidsinyourclassroomevenknowwhenEinsteinlived?Youmaybewondering:butwhyisit

importanttoteachkidsaboutmodern-dayscientists?

First,storiesofscientistscanencouragekids.ChrisHadfieldisaCanadianwhowentto

space,andhe'sarealguitar-playingperson.HemakessingingvideosontheInternet!Hisstory

canmakekidsthinkscientistsarcalsomonpeople.Hearingscientists'storiesmakeskidsthink"I

candothatloo!”

Butnotonlythat,thestoriesoffamousscientistscanencouragekidstonevergiveup.Bill

Nyewasalwaysrefusedwhentryingtobeanastronaut.Buttoday,he'smadealotofsuccessesin

hisroleasapopularscienceeducatorandengineer.Besides,it'snosecretthatscientific

discoveriesrequiretrying,andtryingagain.

Anotherwaysomescientistscanencouragekidsisthroughtheirdiversity（多样性）.Neil

deGrasseTyson,forexample,isanAfrican-American,whichisnotmoninhisfield.Suchstories

canmakekidsthinkanyonecanbeascientist.

It'simportanttoknowthatscientistsdon'tneedtobe“gifted”or"good"atschool.

Oftenweconsiderascientistasbeinganextremelysmartkidatschool.Thatdoesn'thaveto

betrue.Theyjustneedtohaveagreatinterestinscience.Tellingstudentsstoriesofscientistscan

encouragethemtoshowinterestinscience.Aslongasthey'reinterested,theyarelikelytobeea

scientistinthefuture.

Modernscientiststeachkidsthatknowledgebuildsuponthefoundation（基础）othershave

laid.Thisisimportant—noonecandoitalone.Scientists'storiescanencouragetoday's>oung

scientiststokeeptrying.They'llbeencouragednottogiveuponthedreamofmakingdiscoveries.

Eveniftheyhaven'tmadeimportantdiscoveries,iheirresearchmayhelpthefollowingscientists.

4.WhalcanChrisHadfield'sstorytellstudents?

A.Scientistsareinterestedindifferentthings.

B.Studentsshouldhaveahobbyoftheirown.

C.Scientistscanbeordinarylikepeoplearoundus.

D.Studentsshouldconsiderscientistsastheirmodels.

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.African-Americansarcmorelikelytobeescientists.

B.Scientistsareno(necessarilyverysmartatschool.

C.Notallscientistsreallyshowinterestinscience.

D.Scientistsarcusuallygoodattheirschooling.

6.Whatdoesthelastparagraphshowus?

A.Scientistsshouldhelpeachother.

B.Ascientistshouldnevergiveuptrying.

C.Makingdiscoveriesisnecessaryforscientists.

D.Newscientificdiscoveriesmaydependonothers'findings.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Whyscientistsarcimportanttous.

B.Whyscientistscanencouragestudents.

C.Whystudentslovestoriesofscientists.

D.Whystudentsshouldbetaughtaboutscientists.

C

Doesiteverseemlikesomethingisgoingonwithourattentionspans?GloriaMark,an

attentionresearcherattheuniversityofCalifornia,saysthereisscientificevidencethatattention

spanshaveshrunkconsiderably."Westartedstudyingattentionspanlengthover20yearsago,“

Marksaid.“In2003,wefoundthatattentionspansaveragedabouttwo-and-a-halfminutesonany

screenbeforepeopleswitched.Inthepastfive,sixyears,theyareaveraging47secondsonthe

screen.v

Markmaintainsthatashorterattentionspanhasthreedownsides:Thefirstisthatpeople

makemoreerrorswhentheydoattentionshifting;theseconddownsideisthatittakeslongertodo

something,becausewehavetoadjusttoeverynewtaskeverytimeweshift;thethirddownside一

maybethisistheworstofall—is(hatstressincreases.Whenpeopleareworkingonmultipletasks

andtheyhavetoshifttheirattention,theirbloodpressurerises.

Ybudon'thavetobeaprofessortoguessatthecauseofourgreatdistractability:It's

technology,ofcourse—phones,socialmediaandtexting.ltmightbehardtothinkofthelasttime

youevenhadatech-freehour.Sosheofferedacoupleoftipsforstayingfocused:First,whenyou

feeltheilchtochangetasks,analyzewhy.Ifit'sjustboredomorprocrastination(拖延症),makea

dealwithyourselftoworkanother2()minutes,andthentreatyourselftoareward.

Second,pictureyourselfattheendoftheday.Whatdoyouwanttohaveacplished?Whatdo

youwanttofeel?uAconcretevisualizationofyourselfsittingonthecouch,youknow,watching

yourfavouriteshowisreallygoodmotivation,“shesaid.

TheInternethasthisincredibleresourceavailable(ous,sorather(hanbeupsetbyi(because

itdistractsus,howcanweturnthataroundandinsteadfindvaluefromit?Andhowcanweutilize

ourtimebestwhenweusetheresourcesfromtheInternetwithoutgettingexhaustedfromit?

ThesequestionsarewhatGloriaMarkwillfocusoninhersubsequentresearch.

8.Whatis（hesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Negativeeffectsofshortattentionspans.

B.Benefitsoflongattentionspans.

C.Causesofshortattentionspans.

D.Waystodealwithshortattentionspans.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“itch”inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Necessity.B.Courage.

C.Desire.D.Choice.

10.WhichofthefollowingmayGloriaMarksuggest?

A.Imaginingwhatyouwillacplishattheendofthedayisawasteoftime.

B.Multitaskingisagoodwaytoextendourattentionspan.

C.Itisnecessarytothinktwicebeforeshiftingyourtasks.

D.We'dbettersaynototheInternetsometimesasitdistractsus.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.AreOurAttentionSpansGettingShorter?

B.HowDoWeLivewiththeInternet?

C.IsMultitaskingPossible?

D.WhatCanWeDotoMakeOurAttentionSpansLonger?

D

Weliveinanagewhenallscientificknowledge—fromthesafetyofvaccines（疫苗）iothe

realityofclimatechange—facesorganizedandoftenangryopposition.Doubtershavedeclared

warontheconsensus（共识）ofcxpcrts.ltseemsthatpeoplehaveturnedargumentativeovernight.

Inasense,allthisisnotsurprising.Ourlivesarcaffectedbyscienceandtechnologyasnever

before.Theworldseemsfullofrealandimaginarydangers.ThoughscientistsagreethattheEbola

virusisspreadonlybydirectconlaclwithbloodorbodyfluids（液体），ifyoutype“airborneEbola”

intoanInternetsearchengine,you'llfindthatsomepeoplebelievethatthisvirushasalmost

supernaturalpower.

Inthisoftenconfusingworld,weneedtorelyonsciencetodecidewhetherwhatwechoose

tobelievehasabasisinthelawsofnatureornot.Butsciencedoesn'tenaturallytomostof

us.Scicncehasoftenledustotruthsthatarcreallymind-blowing.Forexample,althoughthe

roundnessoftheEarthhasbeenknownfbrthousandsofyears,somestillfeelithardtoaccept.

Evenwhenpeoplebeescientificallyeducated,mostofthemstilltrytomakesenseofthe

worldbyrelyingonpersonalexperience,storiesoremotionsrather（hanstatistics.Wheniheyhear

anumberofcancercasesinatownwithadangerouswastedump（垃圾场），theybelievepollution

causedthecancers.Yettwothingshappeningtogetherdoesn'tmeanonecausedtheother.Even

whentheyturntotheInternet,theyletinonlytheinformationtheyagreewithtostrengthentheir

beliefthathasalreadybeenshapedbytheirworldview.

Howcanscientistsconvincedoubters?Throwingmorefactstopeoplemaynotbe

enough.Moreeffortsaresupposedtobemade.

12.Howdoestheauthorprovehisopinions?

A.Throughparison.B.Throughquotation.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Bymakingdefinitions.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword**mind-blowingMinparagraph3probablymean?

A.Unbelievable.B.Desirable.

C.Dangerous.D.Obvious.

14.Howdo“people”inparagraph4understandtheworld?

A.Theyapplylogicalthinking.

B.Theysticktotheirownbelief.

C.Theyformtheviewsonassumptions.

D.TheyrelyontheinformationontheInternet.

15.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Howpeopleviewrheworld.

B.Whatchallengessciencefaces.

C.Whetherscienceisworthrespect.

D.Whypeopleshowdisbeliefinscience.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多

余选项。

Around200yearsago,awell-knownEnglishpoetcalledJohnKeatsattackedscience.Hesaid

thatBritishscientistIsaacNewtonhaduunweaved（拆解）therainbowM.Newtonexplainedhow

lightformsarainbow.ForKeats,thisexplanationmeantrainbowscouldnolongerbebeautiful.

16Weoftenhearpeopletalkofproblemswithscience,orsaythatitisboring.Some

people,likeKeats,alsosaythatsciencetakesawaythebeautyoftheworld.Butisthisfair?

Firstofall,sciencehelpsusgetthingsdone.17Whenyouarestudyingscienceinschool,

rememberthatonedayyoumightbeusingthatknowledgetobuildabridge,orsavealife.Next

timeyouuseyourphonetosendamessage,rememberthatthisispossiblethankstoscience.When

KeatscriticizedNewton,thsverypaperhewroteonwascreatedthroughscience.Beyondhelping

societyandgettingthingsdone,sciencealsomakesusthinkinacertainwav.181（teachesus

neverto(rustourassumptions.ltteachesusthatsometimes,thetruthisstrangerthanfiction.

Whenyoustudyscience,rememberwhatitmeans.19Humansoncelookedupat

rainbows,andsaidthat(heywerebeautiful.Scienceexplainedthem,andtheywerenolonger

mysterioustous.20Throughscience,wecanfindnev/rainbows:mysteriesthatliebeyond

(hestarsthemselves.

A.Butdiscoveryneverslops.

B.Thisisjustoneexampleofmany.

C.Itisaconstantsearchfortruthandknowledge.

D.Itasksustobelievethingsonlythroughevidence.

E.Scienceisnotsocloselyassociatedwithourlives.

F.Ithelpsusunderstandtheworldinwhichweliveandhowitworks.

G.SeescienceasatooltodiscoverhowlivingthingsinteractandevolveonEarth.

第二部分：语言运用［共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项。

StephenGlennisafamousresearchscientistwhohasmadeseveralveryimportantmedical

21.Whenaskedwhyhewasabletobesomuchmore22thantheaverageperson,he

respondedthatitallcamefroma(n)23withhismother(hatoccurredwhenhewasachild.

Stephentriedtoremoveabouleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorbutspilled(泼出)italloverthe

kitchenfloor.Insteadof24athim,givinghimalectureorchastising(指责)him.hismother

said,uWhatagreatandwonderful25you'vemade!Wouldyouliketogetdownandplayin

themilkforafewminutes26wecleanitup?”

Indeed,hedid.Then,hismothersaid,“Stephen,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,27

youhavetocleanitup."Andtogethertheycleanedupthespilledmilk.Hismotherthensaid,“You

know,whatwehavehereisa28experimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewith

two(inyhands.Let'sseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocanyiIwithout29^it."Thelittleboy

learnedifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecould30without

droppingit.Whatagood31tohim!

Thisfamousscientistsaiditwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidto

make32.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejust33forlearningsomethingnew,

whichis,afterall,whatscientific34arcallabout.Evcniftheexperimentdoesn'twork,wc

usuallylearnsomething35fromit.

21.A.impressionsB.breakthroughs

C.promisesD.intentions

22.A.outgoingB.responsible

C.warm-heartedD.creative

23.A.cxpcricnccB.word

C.argumentD.adventure

24.A.lookingB.yelling

C.smilingD.glancing

25.A.discoveryB.mess

C.changeD.joke

26.A.whenB.as

C.afterD.before

27.A.graduallyB.initially

C.eventuallyD.constantly

28.A.successfulB.failed

C.piecedD.useless

29.A.shakingB.dropping

C.liftingD.touching

3().A.makeupB.makeoff

C.makeitD.makesense

31.A.attitudeB.apology

C.projectD.lesson

32.A.effortsB.plans

C.mistakesD.decisions

33.A.requirementsB.routines

C.chancesD.goals

34.A.achievementsB.approaches

C.seminarsD.experiments

35.A.valuableB.ambiguous

C.familiarD.abstract

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Thebestwaytoleamsomethingistomakemistakesfirst.ThomasEdison,36invented

thelightbulb,alwaysbelieved37(fail)andfalsestartsweretheconditionofsuccess.Infact,

38surprisingnumberofeverydayobjectshad(heirbeginningsinamistakeora

misunderstanding.Post-itnotes,packetsofcrispsandevenbreadareallunexpected

inventions.392600BC,atiredEgyptianslaveinvented40isnowcalledbreadwhen(he

dough(面团)roseduringhissleep.AndcrispswerefirstcookedbyacookintheUSwhena

customersuggestedhisfriedpotatoesbe41(thin)thantheywere.

In1968,SpcnccrSilverwastryingtodevelopastronggluewhenheaccidentallyinverteda

veryweakglueinstead.Hiscolleague,ArtFry,decidedtouseitsixyearslater,in1974,tohavehis

bookmarks42(hold)inhisbooksandthepost-itnotewasinvented.

Successfulbusinesspeoplehaveoftenmadebig,expensivemistakesintheirpast.Whenan

employeeofIBMmadeamistakethatcostthepany$600,000,ThomasWatson,thechairman,

43(ask)ifhewouldfiretheman.uNo,"hereplied/11havejustspent$600,00044

(train)him.Iwon'tletanotherpanybenefitfromtheexperience?*

Theimportantthingtorememberisthatyouneedtolearnfromyourmistakes.45you

don't,thenthereisnopointmakingthem.

第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

我校近期将举办一场以科学精神(Mientificopirif)为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇参赛

发言稿。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.可以适当增加细布，以使行文连贯。

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成•篇完整的短文。

Emilyisasixth-gradestudentinasmalltown.Sheisacuriousandadventurousgirlwho

alwaysdreamsofexploringnewplaces.Lastsummer,herdreamcametruewhenshegotselected

forastudentexchangeprogramtovisitChina.

Emilywassuperexcited,butsheknewthatgoingtoadifferentcountrywithabrandnew

culturemightnotbeeasy.WhenshearrivedinChina,shehadanopenheartandlotsofhope,but

theculturaldifferences,thelanguagebarrier,andtheunfamiliarsurroundingsmadeherfeelabit

overwhelmed.

OnherfirstdayataChineseschool,shefeltlikeshewasinapletelydifferentworld.The

studentsspokealanguageshecouldn'tunderstand,andthewaythingsworkedintheclassroom

wasverydifferentfrombackhome.Duringlunchtime,poorEmilysatallbyherselfinacornerof

thecafeteria,feelinglostandlonely.Justthen,afriendlyChinesegirlcameuptoherwithawarm

smileandsaid,“Hello,mynameisLiShanshan.Inoticedyou'renewhere.Wouldyouliketobe

ourfriend?"

Emilywassorelievedandthankfulforthefriendlyoffer."Thankyou,“sherepliedwitha

bigsmile.'TmEmily,andI'mreallyhappytomeetyou.''

ShanshanintroducedEmilytohergroupoffriends,andtheyallwclcdherwithopen

arms.TheyhelpedEmilywithherChineselanguage,taughtheraboutChinesecustoms,andshared

theirfavoriteChinesefoods.Slowlybutsurely,Emilystartedtofeelmorefortableandunderstand

theChineseculturebetter.

Oneday,astheEnglishteacherwasplanningherclassschedule,shecameupwithan

idea.Shedecidedtoassigneachstudentintheckisstodoapresentationabouttheirhometownsthe

nextweek.Shebelievedthiscouldbeagreatwayforthestudentstolearnaboutdifferentcultures

andimprovetheirpublicspeakingskills.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。

Emilywasgladtodothisbutshedidn'tknowhoiotoprepare.

ThedayfinallycameanditwasEmily'sturntomakethepresentation.

单元仿真验收性评价答案

UNIT1单元仿真睑收性评价

第一部分

第一节

[A]

语篇解读：本文为一篇应用文。英国威廉王子宣布了今年“为地球奋斗奖”的获奖者。

本文主要介绍了今年各类别获奖项目的部分内容。

1.选B细节理解题。根据第一段“Theprizeismeanl...planei.”以及下文的各个小标题

可知，“为地球奋斗奖”的目的是找到方法保护地球。改选B项。

2.选A细节理解题。根据ProtectandRestoreNature中的“Khcytiisalready

working...theworld.”可知,Kheyti的温室项目在印度各地都有进行。故选A项。

3.选C细节理解题。根据CleanOurAir的内容和FixOurClimate中的'"The

Earthshot…peridotite.“可知，ChariotMagayi和44.01的共同之处是他们的成就都有利于空气

净化，并因此而得奖。故选C项。

[B|

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用科学家的故事来教育孩子所带来的积

极影响。

4.选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hisstorycanmakekidsthinkscientistsarcalso

monpeople.”可知,ChrisHadfield的故事告诉学生们科学家跟我们周围的人一样都是普通人。

5.选B推理判断题》根据倒数第三段和倒数第二段中的“Oftenweconsiderascientistas

beinganextremelysmartkidatschool.Thatdoesn'thavetobetrue.”可推知，作者会同意：科学

家不一定是在学校里很聪明的孩子。

6.选D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Modemscientiststeachkidsthatknowledge

buildsuponthefoundationothershavelaid.”和下文内容可知，该段主要介绍新的科学发现可能

是以别人的发现为基础的这一观点。

7.选D主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了用科学家的故事来教育孩

子所带来的积极影响。

[C]

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经

大幅缩短.文章说明了较短的注意力持续时间有三个缺点、注意力持续时间变短的原因以及

我们如何应对的建议。

8.选A段落大意题。根据第二段的内容，尤其第一句可知，本段主要介绍了注意力

持续时间短的负面影响。故选A。

9.选C词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句和后文“Ifit'sjustboredom...reward.”可知，马

克建议当你渴望改变任务的时候，要分析一下原因，来让自己保持专注。故画线词意思是“渴

望”。故选C。

10.选C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sosheoffered...areward.”可知，格洛丽亚•马

克建议在改变你的任务之前，有必要三思而后行。故选C。

11.选D标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Doesileverseem...considerably.”并结合文章

内容可知，本文主要说明了有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经大幅缩短，并给出原因及

应对建议。由此可知，D选项“我们能做些什么来延长注意力的持续时间？”最符合文章标

题。故选D。

ID]

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。现在，我们的生活前所未有地受到科学和技术的影响，

但是即便已经有科学证实的事实，有些人还是会依赖个人经验。科学家该如何说服怀疑者？

摆出更多的事实恐怕还不够。

12.选C写作手法题。通读第二段可知，该段通过举例说明埃博拉病毒的传播途径受

到人们质疑，说明事实受到质疑；通读第四段可知，该段通过举例介绍小镇上有一些癌症病

例时，人们会认为是垃圾场的污染导致了癌症，说明人们往往依赖个人经验或个人情感理解

世界，而不是统计数据。由此可知，作者通过举例论证其观点。

13.选A词义猜测题。根据第三段的尾句"Forexample,although…ithardtoaccept."可

知，几千年来，尽管地球是圆的这一说法已经众所周知，但仍有人觉得难以接受。由此可知，

科学发现的真理往往是让人难以置信的，故画线词的意志与A项最为接近。

14.选B推理判断题。根据第四段第一句的内容可知，即使人们接受了科学教育，他

们中的大多数人仍然试图依靠个人经验、故事或情感来理解世界，而不是统计数据。由此可

以推知，他们坚持自己的看法。

15.选D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了有些人不相信科学的原因：虽

然我们的生活前所未有地受到科学和技术的影响，但某些人还会依赖个人经验等。

第二节

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学的重要性、必要性以及科学发现无

止境。

16.选B上一段中列举出了诗人攻击科学的例子。根据空后一句可知，人们觉得用科

学解释美丽的事物很无聊。该空承上启下，B选项“这只是众多例子中的一个“切题，选项

中“This”指代上文中英国著名诗人JohnKeats攻击科学的例子。

17.选F根据上文“Firstofall,sciencehelpsusgetthingsdone.”可知，该空承接上文，

具体说明科学如何帮助我们做事，F选项“它帮助我们理解我们生活的世界和它是如何运作

的”切题，且与空后一句话题一致，都是在说明科学在生活中的实际应用。

18.选D根据空前一句可知，这里指出了科学让我们思考。根据空后一句可知，这里

具体说明科学如何让我们思考。D选项“它要求我们只能通过证据来相信事情”切题，也是

在具体说明科学如何让我们思考，且与下文句式相同。

19.选C根据上文“Whenyoustudyscience,rememberwhatitmeans."和下文“Humans

oncelookedupalrainbows,andsaidthat(heywerebeautifuLScienceexplained(hem,andthey

werenolongermyslerious(ous.”可知，该空承上启下，解释科学的真谛。故C选项“它是对

真理和知识的不断追求”切题。

20.选A根据空后一句可知，通过不断地探索，会有更多新的科学发现，即发现无止

境。故A选项“但是发现从未停止”切题。

第二部分

第一节

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位著名的科学家在小时候和妈妈的一次经

历，正是妈妈的鼓励和引导，他才懂得了人生应该从错误中学习，不要害怕犯错误。

21.选B根据上文“SiephenGlennisafamousresearchscientist”可知，StephenGlenn取

得了几个非常重要的医学突破(breakthroughs)。

22.选D根据上文“whohasmadeseveralveryimportantmedical”可知，此处

指他被问到为什么他能比一般人更有创造力(creative)。

23.选A根据下文“thatoccurredwhenhewasachild”可知，StephenGlenn回应道他的

创造力来自他小时候和妈妈的一次经历(experience)。

24.选B根据下文“givinghimalectureorchastising(指责)him”可知，StephenGlenn

的妈妈并没有对他大声吼叫(yelling)或指责他。

25.选B根据下文“wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis”可知,妈妈告诉StephenGlenn,

说他制造了一个伟大而美妙的混乱(mess)。

26.选D妈妈问在把牛奶清理干净之前(before),StephenGlenn是否愿意在牛奶里玩

几分钟。

27.选C妈妈告诉SlephenGlenn无论什么时候搞得像这样一团糟，最终(eventually)

都必须清理干净。

28.选B他们做了一次关于如何有效地用两只小手拿着一个大奶瓶的失败的(failed)

实验。

29.选B根据下文“hecouldwithoutdroppingit”可知，他们在尝试找到一种

能拿瓶子又不掉(dropping］的方法。

30.选C根据上文“Thelittleboylearnedifhegraspedthebouleatthetopnearthelipwith

bothhands”可知,StephenGlenn发现了成功做到(makeit)的方法。

31.选D这对他是多么好的一课(lesson)啊！

32.选C根据下文“Instead,helearnedthalmistakes...”可知，那时他知道了不必害怕犯

46(mistakes)o

33.选C相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会(chances)。

34.选D根据下文“Eveniftheexperimentdoesn'twork”可知,此处指科学实验

(experiments)o

35.选A根据上文“helearnedthatmistakeswerejustforlearningsomething

new”可知，即使实验不成功，我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的(valuable)东西。

第二节

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过一系列案例告诉我们：许多成功的事情都是从

失败中孕育出来的。不要害怕失败，要从失败中学习。

36.who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行

词ThomasEdison,且在从句中作主语。故填who。

37.failures考查名词复数。空处与“falsestarts”并列作主语。故填failures。

38.a考查冠词。句意：事实上，相当多的日常事务都是从错误及误解中孕育出来的。

固定搭配anumberof意为“很多”，且surprising的读音以辅