直接引语间接引语语法教案

TeachingplanDirectspeechandindirectspeechⅠ.TeachingaimsGetstudentstomastertheusagesofCommandsandRequestsandreviewdirectspeechandindirectspeech.Command:⑴Dothatnow!⑵Openthedoor.Request:⑴Wouldyouplease…?⑵Please…GetstudentstopracticeCommandsandRequestsbyrole-playing.Getstudentstosummarizethegrammaticalrulesandencouragestudentstoapplytherulesintopractice.Ⅱ.KeypointsofthisperiodTrainstudents’speakingskills.Masterthegrammaticalrules.Ⅲ.DifficultpointsofthisperiodGeteverystudentinvolvedinthelearningactivities.Geteverystudenttobeactiveinclass.Ⅳ.TeachingmethodsSituationalApproachandCommunicatinalApproach.Elicitation-Inquiry.Ⅴ.TeachingaidsBlackboard,chalk,pictures,etc.Ⅵ.TeachingproceduresStep1LeadinReviewDirectspeech(直接引语):一字不改地将别人的话放在引号内；Indirectspeech(间接引语):用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号；⑴陈述句:①人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。②时态的变化：a.如果主句的谓语是现在时或是将来时，间接引语时态不变。b.如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，间接引语的谓语的时态按下列规律变化：Hesaidhe…DirectspeechIndirectspeechplaysfootballplayedfootballisplayingfootballwasplayingfootballhasplayedfootballhadplayedfootballplayedfootballhadplayedfootballhadplayedfootballhadplayedfootballwillplayfootballwouldplayfootball③指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnighttomorrowthenext/followingdayyesterdaythedaybeforelastnightthenightbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforethreedaysagothreedaysbeforenextweekthenext/followingweekagobefore地点状语herethere方向性动词bringtakecomego从句时态无须变化的情况：当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时；当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象；当直接引语是谚语、格言等；Practice:“Mymothertookmetoanexhibitionyesterday,”shesaid.Shesaid(that)hermotherhadtakenhertoanexhibitionthedaybefore.⑵疑问句：①一般疑问句：用连词whether或if引导，谓语动词said改为asked，宾语从句用陈述句语序；Practice:“IsyoursongoingtoShanghaitodayortomorrow?”heasked.Heaskedwhether/ifmysonwasgoingtoShanghaithatdayorthenextday.特殊疑问句：宾语从句中用原来的特殊疑问词并且从句要用陈述句语序。Practice:“WhatdidEdisondotohelpthedoctoroperateonhismother?”theteacherasked.TheteacheraskedwhatEdisonhaddonetohelpthedoctoroperateonhismother.Step2ShowgameGettwoofthestudentstocometothefronttoplayashowgame.Instruction:StudentAmakecommandsandStudentBdoeswhathe/sheistold.Example:Pointtoyourlefteye.Openthedoor.GetstudentstoreportwhatStudentsAandBdid.StudentAtoldStudentBtopointtohis/herlefteye.StudentAtoldStudentBtoopenthedoor.Step3CommandandRequest⒈InEnglishyouuseacommandorarequestwhenyouwantsomeonetodosomething.Pleaselookatthethreesentencesandtellthedifference.Openthewindow.Pleaseopenthewindow.Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?→→Command:Ifsomeoneinauthority

commands

youtodosomething,theytellyouthatyoumustdoit.(notpolite)Request:Ifyoumakea

request,youpolitelyorformallyasksomeonetodosomething.(verypolite)⒉LookattheseexpressionsandclassifythemintoCommandsandRequests.Commands:Correctyourspellingmistakes.Goand…!Dothatnow!Holdthatelevator!Saythatagain!Goandbuysomemorepetrol!Takethedogforawalk!Requests:Please…CanIsithereandwaitforthedoctor?Howdoyouspellthatplease?Wouldyouplease…?CanIplease…?Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?Couldyourepeatthesentence?⒊Grammanrpoints:⑴Eg.“Lookatthisexample,”theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample.→→当祈使句表示要求或是命令时，变间接引语时常采用tell/order/commandsb.todosth.的形式。若祈使句为否定形式，变间接引语时不定式前加not或never.Practice:Hesaidtome,“Don’tgoout.”→Heorderedmenottogoout.⑵Eg.“Pleasedon’tcomelate.”hesaid.Heaskedmenottocamelate.→→当祈使句表示请求时，变间接引语常采用request/beg/asksb.todosth.的形式。祈使句中的please必须省去。Practice:“Comehereandandsitdown,please.”hesaid.→Heaskedmetogothereandsitdown.⑶Eg.Hesaid,“Let’sgotothemuseum.”Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothemuseum.→→有些表示建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变间接引语时，可用suggest,insist,offer等动词加以转述，此时要注意这些词的固定搭配。Practice:“Let’splaybasketball.”shesaid.→Shesuggestedthatwe(should)playbasketball.⑷Eg.“Canyoupossiblygivemealift?”hesaid.Heaskedmetogivehimalift.→→有些疑问句并非提出询问，而是表示请求和乞求，这种疑问句变间接引语时常采用ask/beg/requestsb.todosth.结构。Practice:“Wouldyou(please)helpmewithmywork?”hesaid.→Herequestedmetohelphimwithhiswork.Step4Practice⒈Readthesesentencesanddecidewhichisacommandandwhichisarequest.Thenretelltheminindirectspeech.⑴Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher:“Wouldyoupleasesingasongforus?”(R)→Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem.⑵Themothersaidtoherchild:“Turnofftheradio!”(C)→Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio. ⑶Johnsaidtohisclassmate:“CanIborrowyourpenplease?”(R)→Johnaskedhisclassmateifhecouldborrowhispen.⑷Theteachersaidtohisstudents:“Comeuptomyoffice!”(C)→Theteachertoldhisstudentstocomeuptohisoffice.Ⅶ.SummaryInthislesson,welearntcommandandrequestindirectandindirectspeech.Weshouldnotonlyknowthemeaningofcommandandrequest,butalsolearntouseit.Inaddition,wereviewedthegrammarpointsinUnit1,youshouldd