2023年同等学力英语模拟练习

同等学力英语词汇练习精选

1.Insomewesterncountries,demandforgraduatesfromMBAcourseshasreduced.

A.turneddownB.turnedoverC.fallendownD.fallenover

2.Onlysovereignstatesareabletomaketreaties.

A.constitutionalB.powerfulC.legitimateD.independent

3.Soilsarenotrenewableresourcesthatsupportallmankind.

A.gentlemenB.humansC.structuresD.culture

4.Calipers（测径仪）arainstrumentsthatcanbeusedtogaugethedistancebetween

twosurfaces.

A.createB.measureC.fillD.enclose

5.Itwasfoolishofhimtolookathisnotesduringthatimportanttest,ar.das

aresult,hegotpunished.

A.sticktoB.refertoC.keeptoI）,pointto

6.Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeperson,Adamisquiteill-favored.

A.uglyB.good-lookingC.prettyD.attractive

7.Itisabsurdtospendmoremoneyonhighways.Thewisesolutionforovercrowded

roadispublictransportation.

A.ridiculousB.wiseC.difficultD.necessary

8.Themanwassojealousofhiswifethathewouldnotallowhertotalktoother

men.

A.afraidB.trustfulC.enviousD.hateful

9.“Whenmakingthismixture,“themansaid,uyoudon,tneedtwoteaspoonsof

salt,becauseoneteaspoonissufficient.”

A.lessB.enoughCgoodI),notenough

10.Theworker*sliveswerewretched;theyworkedfrommorningtonightinallkinds

ofweather,earningonlyenoughmoneytobuytheirsimplefoodandcheapclothes.

A.happyB.interestingC.miserableD.dull

11.Onthewhole,menholdahigherpositioninsocietythanwomen.Becauseofthis

status,menenjoymorepowerthanwomen.

A.positionB.locationC.attitudeD.behavior

12.Apersonalprestigeoftendependsonhistitleorprofession.Forexample,in

manycountries,doctorsandlawyersaregreatlyadmired.

A.nameB.reputationC.occupationD.power

13.Thereseemstobeacorrelationbetweenone'ssexandone'sstatusinsociety.

Onthewhole,menenjoyhigherstatusthanwomen.

A.person*sauthorityB.person?saltitude

C.naturalorcloserelationD.naturalphenomena

14.MostwomenTsclothingismadewithoutpockets.Asaresult,womenareforced

tocarrytheirbelongingsinthepurse.

A.pocketB.sackC.suitcaseI),handbag

15.Despitethefactthatwomenoftenmakevaluablecontribution,theyhavenotbeen

abletoattainthesamesocialandeconomicstatusasmen.

A.becomeB.achieveC.surpassD.understand

16.Thepracticeofhangingclothesacrossthestreetisacommonphenomenoninmany

partsofthecity.

A.lookB.signC.sightD.appearance

17.Wefirmlybelievethatwarneversettlesanything.Itonlyresultsinviolence.

A.runsintoB.comesfromC.leadstoD.beginswith

18.Ofthesevendaysinaweek,Saturdayissaidtobethemostpopularselection

foraweddinginsomecountries.

A.wayB.situationC.eventI),choice

19.WouldyoupleasechockthisformformetoseeifI'vefilleditinright?

A.takeoffB.lookafterC.giveupD.goover

20.Weneedhonest,energeticandqualifiedworkers,withoutconsiderationfortheir

ageandsex.

A.nomatterB.regardlessofC.asifD.inspite

21Attimes,worryingisanormal,unavoidableresponsetoadifficulteventor

situation----alovedonebeinginjuredinanaccident,forexample.

A.effectiveB.individualC.inevitableI),

unfavorable

22.Thispaintingissovaluablethatitisdifficulttocomputewhatitspricewou1d

beifitwassold.

A.makeB.carryC.calculateD.do

23.Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithoutlocking

athisnotes.

A.bringingupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.

tryingon

24.Itwasalreadypastmidnightandonlythreeyoungmenstillstayedinthetea

house.

A.leftB.remainedC.delayedD.deserted

25.—Fourdollarsapair?Ithinkit'sabittoomuch.

—Ifyoubuythreepairs,thepriceforeachwillbereducedtothreefifty.

A.comedownB.takedownC.turnoverD.go

over

26.Mymotheralwaysgetsabitworriedifwedon'tarrivewhenwesaywewill.

A.anxiousB.ashamedC.weakI),patient

27.Alwaysreadtheguideonthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountof

medicine.

A.explanationsB.instructionsC.descriptionsD.introductions

28.Hisideaofhavingweeklyfamilymealstogether,whichseemeddifficultatfirst,

hasresultedinmanygoodchangesintheirlives.

A.gotthroughB.resultedfromC.turnedintoD.

broughtabout

29.Muchofthepowerofthetradeunionshasbeenlost.Nevertheless,theirpolitical

influenceshouldbeverygreat.

A.AsaresultB.AsusualC.EvensoD.Sofar

30.Jameshadnotstudied,sohewroteclowntheinformationonhisdesk.Whenthe

teacherpassedbyhisdeskduringthetest,Jamesusedhishandtoconcealwhathe

hadwritten.

A.knowB.seeC.hideD.admit

31.Wedidnotgetonthelastbusanddidn'thaveanymoneyfortaxi,sowehad

towalkhome.

A.reachedB.lostC.missedD.caught

32.Everyoneagreedthatthewomaninthephotowasgorgeous.Itwaseasytosee

whyshehadwonthebeautycontest.

A.angryB.beautifulC.carefulD.

jealous

33.Oneofthebestwaysforpeopletokeepfitistoformhealthyeatinghabits.

A.growB.developC.increaseD.raise

34.Whenthemanputhisguninmyfaceandaskedformymoney,myhandsbeganto

tremble.

A.fallB.shakeC.feelD.echc

35.Heisacourteousyoungman.Healwayssays“pleaseandthankyou”andrespects

olderpeople.

A.politeB.shortC.smartD.

mannered

36.It*salready10o'clock.Iwonderhowithappenedthatshewastwohourslate

onsuchashorttrip.

A.cameoverB.cameoutC.cameaboutD.came

up

37.Thebuildingaroundthecornercaughtfirelastnight.Thepolicearenow

investigatingthematter.

A.seeingthroughB.workingoutC.lookingintoD.watchingover

38.AsIgrewupinasmal1townatthefootofamountain,thevisittothevi11age

remindedscenesofmychiIdhood.

A.calledupB.calledforC.calledonI),

calledin

39.Althoughthewindhasweakened,therainremainssteady.Soyoustillneeda

raincoat.

A.turnedupB.gonebackC.dieddownD.

blownout

40.Astotheachievement,lastweek*sministerialmeetingoftheWTOhereearned

alow,thoughnotfailing,grade.

A.withregardtoB.IncaseofC.AsaresultofD.

Infaceof

答案解析：

1.对的答案C

【译文】在西方国家，对于工商管理硕士毕业生的需求己经减少了。

【解析】turndown把（声音）关小，拒绝；luciover打翻，翻转，反复考虑；falldown跌

倒,下跌;fallover落在…….之上，摔倒

2.对的答案D

【译文】只有主权国家可以指定公约。

【解析】constitutional立法时,立宪的J：powerful有权利的,有势力的I；legitimate合法

/'J,正统时；independent独立日勺，自治的I

3.对的答案B

【译文】土地是不可再生资源，它维系着人类的生存。

【解析】gentlemen出身高贵的人，有教养FI勺人，绅士，有身分的人；humans人（类）；

structures构造，构造，组织；culture文化

4.对日勺答案B

【译文】测径器是一种可以用来精确测量两个平面之间距离日勺仪器。

【解析】create发明；建立：measure测量，尺寸，尺度：原则；fill装满，注满；enclose

装，封入，附寄

5.对的答案B

【译文】在那次重要H勺测试中，他愚蠢的查看了笔记，成果受到了惩罚。

【解析】stickto粘住:referto查阅，提到，谈到，打听：keepto遵照；pointto指向

6.对的答案B

【译文】和他的哥哥帅气不太同样，Adam却相称的丑陋。

【解析】ugly丑陋H勺；good-looking样貌好看的；pretty漂亮的，俊俏口勺；清秀的（一般指

通过修饰H勺女人的漂亮）：attractive有吸引力的J

7.对I内答案A

【译文】在高速路方面花费太多的钱是很荒唐的，明智的处理道路过度拥挤的措施是运用公共交

通工具。

【解析】ridiculous可笑的，滑稽的J;荒唐的J；wise明智H勺；difficult困难的;necessary必

要的

8.对的答案C

【译文】那个男人很爱吃他妻子H勺醋，以至于•他不会其他任何男人同她发言。

【解析】trustful信任的，深信不疑的；envious忌妒欧J;羡慕的

9.对的答案B

【译文】“当制作这种混合液体口勺时候”他说，“你没必要放两茶匙盐，由于一茶匙就足够了。”

【解析】less更少：enough足够H勺

10.对时答案C

【译文】工人的生活很可怜，他们无论天气怎样都要从早工作到晚，赚的钱只够他们买简朴的食

物和廉价日勺衣服。

【解析】miserable悲惨的；可怜的，不幸『、J；dull迟钝的；呆笨的；麻木的；不敏感的

11.对n勺答案A

【译文】总体来讲，在这个社会上男人要比女人的职位高，由于这种地位，男人也比女人享有的

权利要大。

【解析】location位置；场所；behavior行为

12.对口勺答案B

【译文】个人的威望常常是取决于他的头衔和职业，例如，在诸多国家，医生和律师是非常受人

尊敬的。

【解析】reputation名声；声誉；occupation职业，占领，占据：power力量，权势

13.对日勺答案C

【译文】在社会上，似乎人的性别和地位有着很大的关系，总体来说，男人比女人享有更高的地

位。

【解析】person'sauthority个人tf、J权力；person'saltitude个人H'、J威型

14.对内答案D

【译文】诸多女士衣服都设计的没有衣兜，成果，女士们只能把自己的随身物品放在手包里。

【解析】sack麻布袋：suitcase手提箱

15.对的答案B

【译文】尽管女人也总是做出很有价值的奉献是个不争的事实。不过，到目前为止，她们还没有

她们还没有获得同男人同样的社会和经济地位。

【解析】achieve获得收获：surpass超过；超越；凌驾；胜过

16.对的答案C

【译文】在这个都市口勺诸多地方，在大街上晾衣服是个很少•常的现象。

【解析】sign征兆；预兆：sight视觉景观:appearance外貌

17.对的答案C

【译文】我们坚信，战争不能处理任何问题，只能导致暴刀。

【解析】i-uninto跑进，撞上，偶遇，陷入，到达；leadto导致，通向；beginwith首先

18.对H勺答案D

【译文】一周日勺七天中，周六在诸多国家被认为是最受欢迎时结婚之日。

【解析】event（重大）事件：way方式，道路；choice选择

19.对H勺答案D

【译文】您能不能帮我看下这张表格填写的与否对H勺？

【解析】takeoff拿掉，取消，脱衣，起飞，减弱，离开，岔开，复制：lookafter目送，寻

求，照顾，关怀:giveup放弃（念头、但愿等），停止，抛弃，认输：goover（渡过...）

转变,（对...进行）仔细检查，润色，复习

20.对日勺答案B

【译文】我们需要诚实，精力充沛，有能力日勺员工，而不会考虑他们的年龄和性别。

【解析】nomatter无论（常与how,what等疑问词连用）：regardlessof不管，不顾；阿as

if仿佛：inspite尽管

21.对的答案B

【译文】有时候，着急是对一种棘手事件和窘境的很正常的，难以防止的反应，例如：你爱的人

在意外中受伤了。

【解析】individual个体；inevitable不可防止H勺，无法防止的；unfavorable不利的有害

H勺，不吉祥的

22.对口勺答案C

【译文】这幅画太有价值了以至丁假如发售口勺话很难估算U他的价值。

【解析】calculate计算

23.对日勺答案D

【译文】董事长（主席）在这次商务会议上脱稿演讲了近一种小时。

【解析】bringup教育，培养，提出;refer查阅，提到，谈到,打听；lookfor寻找，期

待；tryon试穿；试验

24.对口勺答案B

【译文】已通过午夜了，只有三个人还呆在茶馆里。

【解析】left被留下;remain停留，留下;delay推迟；desert抛弃

25.对的答案A

【译文】——四元一双？我觉得有点贵。

——假如你买三双，每双给你3.5元。

【解析】comedown下降，降价：takedown拿下，记下，拆卸,病倒：turnover打翻,营业

额到达，移交给，反复考虑

26.对的答案A

【译文】假如我们没有按预期的时间到家，妈妈就着急了。

【解析】anxious焦急，渴望；ashamed羞耻，监愧，害股

27.对H勺答案B

【译文】服药时总是要仔组阅读药瓶上的阐明书，并且按对的剂量服用。

【解析】explanation解释；instruction指导，阐明；description描述

28.对的答案D

【译文】他W'J这种有关周末会餐的J想法虽然起初有点困难，不过已经使他们的生活有了诸多很好

H勺变化。

【解析】getthrough抵达,做完，通解度过，打通;resultfrom来源于....：由.....而

导致的J;Turninto进入,（使）变成；bringabout使发生,致使

29.对H勺答案C

【译文】商业联合会口勺权力大部分已经消失了，不过，他们口勺政治影响力应当是非常大H勺。

【解析】asaresult成果是；asusual和往常同样；evens。虽然如此；sofar到目前为止

30.对的答案C

【译文】詹姆斯一点都没有学习，因此他把答案写在了次子上，考试时，老师通过他的案子欧J时

候，他就用手遮住了答案。

【解析】hide隐藏：admit承认

31.对的答案C

【译文】我们没有赶上最终一班公共汽车，也没有钱坐出租车，因此只能走着回家了。

【解析】Lost丢失：miss错过，想念

32.对的答案B

【译文】所有人都觉得照片上的女人很漂亮，很轻易明白为何她会在选美比赛上获胜。

【解析】jealous嫉妒的

33.对日勺答案B

【译文】让人们保持健康的最佳方式之一是养成良好的饮食习惯。

【解析】develop发展，使发达，进步，洗印，显影使成长；increase增长；raise喂养，养

育，栽培

34.对H勺答案B

【译文】当那个人举枪对着我要钱U勺时候，我的J手就开始发抖了。

【解析】Shake摇动，摇撼，使震动；Echo反复,共呜，仿效

35.对口勺答案A

【译文】他是个很有礼貌的年轻人，总是将“请”和“谢诬”挂在嘴边，并且对老年人也很有礼

貌。

【解析】polite礼貌欧J,具有某种状态的1（wellmannered有礼貌的J）

36.对『、J答案C

【译文】已经十点了，我真不懂得这样段的旅程她居然会晚两个小时。

【解析】com。over过来,抓住；comeout出现，真相大白；comeabout发生，产生，变化方向：

conicup走近，上来，发芽

37.对的答案C

【译文】拐角处的大楼昨晚着火了，警察目前正在调查。

【解析】seethough看穿，识破；workout可以处理，设计出，做出；lookinto窥视，浏览，

观测；Watchover看守，监视

38.对日勺答案A

【译文】由于我是在大山脚下的小镇长大的J，因此这次山村之行勾起了我对童年时光的回忆。

【解析】callup召唤，使想起，提出，打给…….：callfor规定，倡导，为...叫喊，为…

叫：callon号召，呼吁，邀请，访问：callin召集，召来，来访

39.对H勺答案C

【译文】虽然风力已经减弱，雨也下的不是很急了，你还是要带件雨衣。

【解析】turnup找到，发现，出现，折起；goback回去；diedown变弱，逐渐停止，渐渐

消失；blowout吹熄，爆裂

40.对口勺答案A

【译文】至于成果，上周的ZT0部长级会议虽称不上是失败，但收获确实也非常小。

【解析】withregardto有关；incaseof假设，万一；asaresultof成果；infaceof面

临

词汇练习

1.Jacktothemanagerforthemistakeshehadmade.

A.excusedB.pardonedC.forgaveD.apologized

2.scientistshaveobservedincreasedpollutioninthewatersupply.

A.LateB.LaterC.LatterD.Lately

3.Thiswatchistoalltheotherwatchesonthemarket.

A.superiorB.advantageousC.superD.beneficial

4.Freshfruitsandvegetablesaregenerallylessexpensivewhentheyarein

A.saleB.needC.seasonD.time

5.Wecansurely_al1difficultiesthatmaycomeup.

A.getonB.CDineoverC.getoverD.comeacross

6.Ho__veryquicklyafterhisillness.

A.recoveredB.discoveredC.uncoveredI),covered

7.Thedesigningofasatel1iteintheheavenlyenvironmentis_aneasyjob.

A.byallmeansB.byanymeansC.byeverymeansI),bynomeans

8.Thegoodharvest_thepriceofstrawberries.

A.broughtdownB.cutoutC.arosefromD.addedto

9.Mostgreatartistsareexceptionally_people.

A.sensitizedB.sensitiveC.senselessD.sensory

10.Thegloveswerereallytoosmall,anditwasonlyby_themthatmanagedtoget

themon.

A.stretchingB.spreadingC.extendingD.squeezing

参照答案：DDACCADABA

1.Whenworkersareorganizedintradeunions,employersfindithardtolaythem

A.offB.asideC.outD.down

2.Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured_thehealthandhappinessofitspeople

aswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

A.inlinewithB.intermsofC.inregardwithD.bymeansof

3.HehasfailedmesomanytimesthatInolongerplaceany_onwhathepromises.

A.faithB.beliefC.creditD.reliance

4.Mystudentsfoundthebook_it,providedthemwithanabundanceofinformation

onthesubject.

A.enlighteningB.confusingC.distractingI),amusing

5.Nobodyyetknowshowongandhowseriouslytheshakinessinthefinancialsystem

will_downtheeconomy.

A.putB.settleC.dragD.knock

6.Inthisfactorythemachinesarenotregulated_butarejointlycontrolledbya

centralcomputersystem.

A.independentlyB.individuallyC.irrespectivelyD.irregularly

7.Everychemicalchangeeitherresultsfromenergybeingsuedtoproducethechange,

orcausesenergytobe_insomeform.

A.givenoffB.putoutC.setoffD.usedup

8.Ourcorporation'sobligationunderthis_islimitedtorepairorreplacement.

A.warrantyB.licenseC.market,D.necessity

9.Theyareafirmofgoodreputeandhavelargefinancial_.

A.reservesB.savingsC.storagesD.resources

10.Inthepast10years,hiscompanyhasgradually_allofitssmallerrivals.

A.engagedB.occupiedC.monopolizedD.absorbed

参照答案：ABDACBAAAD

同等学力英语阅读理解练习精选

PassageOne

Inrecentyears,Israeliconsumershavegrownmoredemandingasthey*vebecome

wealthierandmoreworldly-wise.Foreigntravelisanationalpassion；thissummeralone,

onein10citizenswillgoabroad.Exposedtohigherstandardsofserviceelsewhere,

Israelisarereturninghomeexpectingthesame.Americanfirmshavealsobegunarriving

inlargenumbers.ChainssuchasKFC,McDonaldJsandPizzaHutaresettinganowstandard

ofcustomerservice,usingstrictemployeetrainingandconstantmonitoringtoensure

thefriendlinessoffrontlinestaff.EventheAmericanhabitoftellingdeparting

customersto“Haveaniceday“hascaughtonal1overIsrael.Nobodywakesupin

themorningandsays,Let*sbenicer,“saysItsikCohen,directorofaconsultingfirm.

uNothinghappenswithoutcompetition.”

Privatization,orthethreatofit,isamotivationaswel1.Monopolies（垄断者）

thatunti1recentlyhavebeenfreetotaketheircustomersforgrantednowfearwhat

MichaelPerry,amarketingprofessor,callsatherevengeful（报复的）consumerM.When

thegovernmentopenedupcompetitionwithBezaq,thephonecompany,itsinternational

branchlost40%ofitsmarketshare,evenwhileofferingcompetitiverates.Says

Perry,4<Peoplewantedrevengeforalltheyearsofbadservice."Theelectriccompany,

whosemonopolymaybeshort-lived,hassuddenlystoppedrequiringuserstowaithalf

adayforarepairman.Now,appointmentsarescheduledtothehalf-hour.Thegraceless

ElAlAirlines,whichisalreadyatauction（拍卖），hasretraineditsemployeesto

emphasizeserviceandisboastingabouttheresultsinanadcampaignwiththeslogan,

“Youcanfeelthechangeintheair."Forthefirsttime,praiseoutnumberscomplaints

oncustomersurveyshco:s.

1.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.customerserviceinIsraelisnowimproving

B.wealthyIsraelicustomersarehardtoplease

C.thetouristindustryhasbroughtchainstorestoIsrael

D.Israelicustomerspreferforeignproductstodomesticones

2.Intheauthor,sview,higherservicestandardsareimpossiblein

Israel.

A.ifcustomercomplaintsgounnoticedbythemanagement

B.unlessforeigncompaniesareintroducedingreaternumbers

C.ifthere*snocompetitionamongcompanies

D.withoutstrictroutinetrainingofemployees

3.IfsomeoneinIsraeltodayneedsarepairmanincaseofapower

failure,.

A.theycanhaveitfixedinnotime

B.it,snolongernecessarytomakeanappointment

C.theappointmenttakesonlyhalfadaytomake

D.theyonlyhavetowaithalfanhouratmost

4.TheexampleofElAlAirlinesshowsthat.

A.revengefulcustomersareathreattothemonopolyofenterprises

B.anadcampaignisawayoutforenterprisesinfinancialdifficulty

C.agoodsloganhasgreatpotentialforimprovingservice

D.staffretrainingisessentialforbetterservice

5.WhydidBezaqtsin:ernationalbranchlose40%ofitsmarketshare?

A.Becausetheratesitofferedwerenotcompetitiveenough.

B.Becausecustomersweredissatisfiedwithitspastservice.

C.Becausetheserviceofferedbyitscompetitorswasfarbetter.

D.Becauseitnolongerreceivedanysupportfromthegovernment.

PassageTwo

Wecanseehowtheproduct1ifecycleworksbylookingattheintroductionofinstant

coffee.Whenitwasintroduced,mostpeopledidnot1ikeitaswel1asuregular°coffee

andittookseveralyearstogaingeneralacceptance(introductionstage).Atonepoint,

though,instantcoffeegrewrapidlyinpopularityandmanybrandswereintroduced(stage

ofrapidgrowth).Afterawhilepeoplebecameattachedtoonebrandandsalesleveled

off(stageofmaturity).Saleswentintoaslightdecline(衰退)whenfreeze-driedcoffees

wereintroduced(stageofdecline).

Theimportanceoftheproductlifecycletomarketersisthis:Differentstages

intheproductlifecyclecallfordifferentstrategies.Thegoalistoextendproduct

lifesothatsalesandprofitsdonotdecline.Onestrategyiscalledmarketmodification.

Itmeansthatmarketingmanagerslookfornewusersandmarketsections.Didyouknow,

forexample,thatthebackpacksthatsomanystudentscarrytodaywereoriginally

designedforthemi1itary?

Marketmodificationalsomeanssearchingforincreasedusageamongpresent

customersorgoingforadifferentmarket,suchasseniorcitizens.Amarketermay

repositiontheproduct:oappealtonewmarketsections.

Anotherproductextensionstrategyiscalledproductmodification.Itinvolves

changingproductquality,features,orstyletoattractnewusersormoreusagefrom

presentusers.Americanautomanufacturersareusingqualityimprovementasonewayto

recaptureworldmarkets.Note,also,howautomanufacturersoncechangedstyles

dramaticallyfromyear:oyeartokeepdemandfromfalling.

6.Accordingtothepassage,whenpeoplegrowfondofoneparticularbrandofaproduct,

itssaleswill

A.decreasegradually

B.improveenormously

C.becomeunstable

D.remainatthesamelevel

7.Thefirstparagraph:ellsusthatanewproductis.

A.usuallyintroducedtosatisfydifferenttastes

B.ofteninferiortooldonesatfirst

C.oftenmoreexpensivethanoldones

D.noteasilyacceptedbythepublic

8.Marketersneedtoknowwhichofthefourstagesaproductisinsoasto.

A.workoutmarketingpolicies

B.promoteitsproduction

C.inci,easeitspopularity

D.speedupitslifecycle

9.Theauthormentions:heexampleof“backpacks”(Line4,Para.2)toshowthe

importanceof.

A.increasingusageamongstudents

B.exploringnewmarketsections

C.pleasingtheyoungaswellastheold

D.servingbothmilitaryandcivilneeds

10.Inordertorecovertheirshareoftheworldmarket,U.S.automakersare,

A.improvingproductqualityC.repositioningtheirproductinthemarket

B.modernizingproductstyleD.increasingproductfeatures

PassageThree

PracticallyeveryseriousstudyofWesternhistoryandtherootsofthemodern

Westernworldstartswi:horveryquicklyfocusesontheancientGreeksandtheir

achievements.EverythingWesternisnotrightfullytracedbacktotheGreeks.

Christianity,thoughinfluencedbythegreatGreekthinkerPlatoandtheRomans,is

essentiallynearEasterninspiritandcontent.OurWesternlegalsystemisprobably

moreinfluencedbytheRomans；andourprose1iteraturecomesfromtraditionsthatevolved

we11aftertheheydayofGreekcivi1ization.Sti11»ourpoetryisinspiredbyancient

Greekpoetryandvirtuallyeveryideal(traditionalormodern)uniquetotheWestis

derivedfromtheancien:Greeks-particularlyancientAthens.

Greekcivilizationcametobefounded,inlargepart,ontheidealsoffreedom,

optimism,secularism,rationalism,theglorificationofbothbodyandmind,andahigh

regardforthedignityandworthofIheindividual.

ThoughtheancientGreekshadagreatdealofrespectfortheir“gods”,theydid

notfeeltheyweretheslavesofthe“gods”orthatthe“gods”wereincontrolof

theirlives.Instead,theGreekscametobelievethatthethoughtsandactionsofmankind

weredeterminedbyhumanbeings.Thatbeingthecase,theGreeksstrovetounderstand

theworldandtoguidetheirfuturebyrationalandlogicalthoughts,notbysuperstitions

oremotions.Theybelievedthatmanwasthegreatestofcreaturesonearthandthatboth

thebodyandthemindshouldbeactivelydevelopedandencouragedtogrowandbecome

asstrongaspossible.Finally,theancientGreeksfeltthateachseparateanddifferent

persondeservedtobetreatedfairlyandjustly.Theybelievedthateachpersonhadhis

owndignityandworthinessthatcouldneverbetakenawayandshouldneverbeattacked,

assaulted,suppressed,denied,orignoredbyanyoneelse-eventhehighestofKingsor

themostpowerfulofpeople.

TheirculturewasthefirstinthehistoryoftheWesttobebasedupontheprimacy

oftheintellect.Theywerethefirsttobelievefirmlyinthesupremacyoffreeinquiry.

Theyinvestigatedanyandallsubjectswithoutfearandconsiderednoissueorproblem

beyondthescopeofman'sreasonandthought.Tothemthemindwassupremeoverfaith

ordogmaandlogic,andsciencewassuperiortosuperstition.

11.Themainideaofthispassagewouldbe.

A.certainancientGreekswhocontributedtothedevelopmentofWesternculture

B.particularindividualsamongtheancientGreekswhoproducedpeerlessintellectual

andaestheticachievements

C.goldenheritageoftheancientGreekcivilization

D.modelsofperfectionforthecultureoftheWest

12.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheancientGreekswere

A.undertheswayofmysticism

B.atthemercyoftheirpassions

C.primarilyconcernedwithhumaninterestsandvalues

D.giventoatrustin二hepowerofmagicalforces

13.Theword“strove“inparagraph3,sentence3isclosestinmeaningto.

A.studiedB.learnedC.believedD.endeavored

14.Theword“dogma"a:theendofthepassageisclosestinmeaningto,

A.tenetB.tenureC.tenantD.taint

15.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheancientGreekcivilization.

A.inspiredtheWesternproseliterature

B.wasthesourcefromwhichmythologyevolved

C.wastheorigintowhicheverythingwesternisjustifiablytracedback

D.stillservesasmodelsofperfectionforthecultureoftheWest

PassageFour

Botany,thestudyofplants,occupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhuman

knowledge.Formanythousandsofyearsitwastheonefieldofawarenessaboutwhich

humanshadanythingmorethanthevaguestofinsights.Itisimpossibletoknowtoday

justwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplants,butfromwhatwecanobserveof

preindustrial