2026年秋人教版新教材九年级上册英语Unit 5单元测试B卷（含答案）

第第页2026年秋人教版新教材九年级上册英语Unit5单元测试B卷(满分:120分考试时间:100分钟)第一部分听力理解(共三节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthemostimportantqualityofaninventor?

A.Intelligence.

B.Persistence.

C.Creativity.2.Whatistheman’sviewontechnologyandhumanconnection?

A.Technologyimproveshumanconnection.

B.Technologyweakenshumanconnection.

C.Technologyhasnoeffectonhumanconnection.3.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheinventionofthecamera?

A.Itchangedhowwerememberthepast.

B.Itwasaninstantsuccess.

C.Itwasinventedbyaccident.4.Whydoesthemanpreferoldinventionstonewones?

A.Theyaresimpler.

B.Theylastlonger.

C.Theyhavemorecharacter.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Theethicsofartificialintelligence.

B.Thehistoryofrobots.

C.Thefutureofspaceexploration.第二节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面2段较长对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听下面一段较长对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatproblemdoesthemanface?

A.Hisinventiondoesn’twork.

B.Hisinventionistooexpensivetoproduce.

C.Hedoesn’tknowhowtomarkethisinvention.7.Whatadvicedoesthewomangive?

A.Giveuptheproject.

B.Lookforinvestors.

C.Improvethedesignfirst.听下面一段较长对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Whatisthegirl’sprojectabout?

A.Anewtypeofbattery.

B.Awaterpurificationsystem.

C.Asolar-powereddevice.9.Whatchallengedoesshemention?

A.Findingtherightmaterials.

B.Makingitaffordable.

C.Gettingpermissiontotestit.10.Whatdoestheboysuggestshedo?

A.Applyforapatent.

B.Collaboratewithauniversity.

C.Startacrowdfundingcampaign.第三节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面一段独白，独白后有5个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。11.Whatisthespeaker’sprofession?

A.Ahistorianoftechnology.

B.Aroboticsengineer.

C.Asciencefictionwriter.12.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttherelationshipbetweensciencefictionandrealinventions?

A.Sciencefictionpredictsallinventions.

B.Sciencefictioninspiresrealinventors.

C.Sciencefictionhasnoinfluenceonreality.13.Whatexampledoesthespeakergive?

A.Thesmartphone.

B.Thesubmarine.

C.Thespacestation.14.Whatdoesthespeakerwarnabout?

A.Technologyismovingtoofast.

B.Sometechnologiesaredangerous.

C.Peoplerelytoomuchontechnology.15.Whatisthespeaker’sfinalmessage?

A.Weshouldembraceallnewtechnologies.

B.Weshouldbecriticalofnewtechnologies.

C.Weshouldbalanceinnovationwithcaution.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheHiddenCostsofInnovationWetendtocelebrateinventorsasheroeswhomakeourlivesbetter.Buteveryinventionhasahiddencost.Thelightbulb,forexample,gaveustheabilitytoworkatnight—butitalsodisruptedournaturalsleepcycles.Thecargaveusfreedomtotravel—butitalsopollutedourairandmadeourcitieslesswalkable.Considerthesmartphone.Ithasrevolutionizedcommunication.Wecanconnectwithanyone,anywhere,instantly.Butstudiesshowthatsmartphoneuseislinkedtoincreasedanxiety,shorterattentionspans,andadeclineinface-to-facesocialskills.Wemaybemoreconnecteddigitally,butweareoftenlessconnectedemotionally.Socialmedia,anotherinventionofthedigitalage,hassimilareffects.Itcanbringpeopletogether,butitcanalsospreadmisinformationandcreateechochambers.Thesametoolthatempowersactivistscanalsobeusedtospreadhate.Thisdoesnotmeanweshouldrejectinnovation.Butitdoesmeanthatweshouldbeawareofthetrade-offs.Everyinventionbringsbothbenefitsandrisks.Thewiseinventor—andthewiseuser—considersbothsidesbeforeembracingthenew.16.Whatisthemainargumentofthispassage?

A.Inventionsalwaysmakeourlivesbetter.

B.Everyinventionhasbothbenefitsandcosts.

C.Weshouldstopusingsmartphones.

D.Onlyoldinventionsaregood.17.Whatisonenegativeeffectofthesmartphonementionedinthepassage?

A.Itistooexpensive.

B.Itincreasesanxiety.

C.Itisdifficulttouse.

D.Itbreakseasily.18.Whatdoesthewritersuggestaboutsocialmedia?

A.Itshouldbebanned.

B.Ithasbothpositiveandnegativeuses.

C.Itisonlyusedforspreadinghate.

D.Itismoreharmfulthanhelpful.BTheAccidentalDiscoveriesThatChangedtheWorldHistoryisfullofinventionsthatwerediscoveredbymistake.Themicrowaveoven,asweknow,wasdiscoveredwhenanengineernoticedameltedcandybar.Penicillin,oneofthemostimportantmedicaldiscoveries,wasfoundwhenAlexanderFlemingnoticedmoldkillingbacteriainapetridish.These“happyaccidents”showthatinnovationisnotalwaysastraightline.Butwhydosomepeoplenoticetheseaccidentswhileothersignorethem?Theanswerliesinwhatpsychologistscall“preparednessofmind.”LouisPasteurfamouslysaid,“Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.”Fleming,forexample,hadtheknowledgetounderstandwhathewasseeing.Hehadbeenstudyingbacteriaforyears.Hedidn’tjustseemold—hesawanopportunity.Thissuggeststhatcreativityisnotjustabouthavingideas.Itisalsoaboutrecognizingthesignificanceofunexpectedevents.Aninventormustbecurious,observant,andwillingtopursueastrangeobservationevenwhenitdoesn’tfittheoriginalplan.So,ifyouwanttobecomeaninventor,don’tjustfocusonyourgoals.Keepyoureyesopenfortheunexpected.Sometimes,thebestdiscoveriesaretheonesyouweren’tlookingfor.19.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Mostinventionsareplannedcarefully.

B.Manydiscoverieshappenbyaccident.

C.Scientistsarealwayslucky.

D.Accidentsareneverhelpful.20.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“preparednessofmind”mean?

A.Beingreadyforanysituation.

B.Havingtheknowledgetorecognizeopportunities.

C.Beingabletopredictthefuture.

D.Havingagoodmemory.21.WhatdidFlemingneedtorecognizetheimportanceofwhathesaw?

A.Luck.

B.Priorknowledgeandcuriosity.

C.Awell-equippedlaboratory.

D.Ateamofassistants.22.Whatadvicedoesthewritergivetofutureinventors?

A.Alwaysfollowtheoriginalplan.

B.Beopentounexpectedobservations.

C.Avoidmakingmistakes.

D.Workalone.CThePatentSystem:FriendorFoe?Thepatentsystemwasdesignedtoencourageinnovation.Bygivinginventorsexclusiverightstotheircreationsforalimitedtime,itprovidesafinancialincentivetoinvestinresearchanddevelopment.Withoutpatents,someargue,therewouldbelittlemotivationtoinvent,sinceanyonecouldcopyandprofitfromaninventor’swork.However,thepatentsystemhasitscritics.Somearguethatpatentsactuallystifleinnovation.Largecompaniesusepatentstoblockcompetitors,creatingmonopoliesthatrestrictaccesstotechnology.Inthepharmaceuticalindustry,forexample,drugcompaniesoftenpatentmedicinesandkeeppriceshigh,makingessentialtreatmentsunaffordableformany.Thereisalsotheproblemof“patenttrolls”—companiesthatbuypatentsnottoproduceanything,buttosueothersforinfringement.Thiswastestimeandmoneythatcouldbespentonactualresearch.Somearguethatthesystemhasbecomeagameoflitigationratherthanasystemofinvention.Reformerssuggestabalance.Theyproposeshorterpatentterms,strictercriteriaforwhatcanbepatented,andmoreexceptionsforresearchanddevelopment.Thegoalistorewardinventorswithouthinderingtheprogressthatbenefitseveryone.23.Whatistheoriginalpurposeofthepatentsystem?

A.Tomakeinventorsrich.

B.Toencourageinnovation.

C.Toreducecompetition.

D.Tocontroltheeconomy.24.Whatisonecriticismofthepatentsystem?

A.Itistooeasytogetapatent.

B.Itcanbeusedtoblockcompetition.

C.Itisnotstrictenough.

D.Itonlybenefitssmallinventors.25.Whatare“patenttrolls”?

A.Inventorswhocreatenewpatents.

B.Companiesthatsueotherswithoutproducinganything.

C.Researcherswhoworkonnewtechnologies.

D.Governmentofficialswhoapprovepatents.26.Whatdoesthewritersuggestinthelastparagraph?

A.Abolishthepatentsystem.

B.Reformthepatentsystemtobalanceprotectionandaccess.

C.Makepatentslastforever.

D.Givepatentstoeveryone.D①In1980,ayoungengineernamedJamesDysonwasfrustratedwithhisvacuumcleaner.Thebagwouldclog,andthesuctionwouldweaken.Hewondered:couldavacuumcleanerworkwithoutabag?②Dysonspentfiveyearscreatingover5,000prototypes.Eachonefailed.Heusedhissavings,borrowedmoney,andalmostwentbankrupt.Manypeopletoldhimtogiveup.ButDysonbelievedinhisidea.Hekeptrefininghisdesignuntilhefinallysucceeded.③TheDysonvacuumcleanerbecameahugesuccess.ButDyson’sstoryisnotjustaboutavacuumcleaner.Itisaboutthenatureofinnovation.Dysondidn’tinventanewtechnology.Hetookanexistingtechnology—cycloneseparation—andappliedittoanewproblem.Thisishowmanygreatinventionshappen.④Dyson’sstoryalsochallengesthemythofthe“overnightsuccess.”Hissuccesstookyearsoffailure.Eachfailuretaughthimsomethingnew.Ininterviews,Dysonoftensays,“Innovationisaboutthinkingdifferentlyandnotbeingafraidoffailure.”27.WhatproblemdidJamesDysonwanttosolve?

A.Vacuumcleanersweretooexpensive.

B.Vacuumcleanerslostsuctionbecauseofcloggedbags.

C.Vacuumcleanersweretooheavy.

D.Vacuumcleanerswerenotdurable.28.HowlongdidDysonworkonhisinvention?

A.Oneyear.

B.Threeyears.

C.Fiveyears.

D.Tenyears.29.WhatdoesthewritersayaboutDyson’sinnovation?

A.Heinventedacompletelynewtechnology.

B.Heappliedexistingtechnologytoanewproblem.

C.Hecopiedsomeoneelse’sidea.

D.Hewaslucky.30.Whatisthebeststructureofthetext?

A.①—②③—④

B.①②—③—④

C.①—②—③④

D.①②③—④第二节任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A—E五个选项中选出正确选项（其中一项是多余选项），将其序号填入第31—34小题，并回答第35小题。TheEthicsofInventionEveryinventorfacesamoralquestion:shouldIcreatesomethingjustbecauseIcan?Historyisfullofinventionsthatwereusedforharm,eventhoughtheywereintendedforgood.

31.

______Considertheconsequences.

Beforedevelopinganewtechnology,askyourself:Howcouldthisbemisused?Whomightbeharmed?

32.

______Seekdiverseperspectives.

Inventorsoftenworkinisolation.Butadiverseteamcanidentifyrisksthatonepersonmightmiss.

33.

______Betransparent.

Don’thidepotentialrisks.Shareyourfindingsopenlysootherscanstudythemandraiseconcerns.

34.

______Intheend,thequestionisnotjust“CanIinventthis?”but“ShouldIinventthis?”Greatinventorsarenotjustcreative—theyarewise.方框：A.Thisistheessenceofresponsibleinnovation.B.Sohowcaninventorsensuretheirworkserveshumanity?C.Thisiswhycollaborationisessential.D.Onlythemostintelligentpeoplecanbeinventors.E.Anticipatingmisuseispartofthedesignprocess.31.______

32.______

33.______

34.______35.Doyouthinkinventorsshouldberesponsibleforhowtheirinventionsareused?Why?(不超过15词)

第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。In1928,AlexanderFlemingreturnedfromavacationtofindthatamoldhadgrownononeofhisbacterial36.______.Insteadofthrowingitaway,he37.______itcarefully.Henoticedthatthebacteriaaroundthemoldhadbeen38.______.Thisobservationledtothediscoveryofpenicillin,oneofthemost39.______antibioticsinhistory.ButFleming’sstoryismorethanjusta40.______discovery.Itisalsoastoryabouttheimportanceof41.______.Flemingcouldhaveeasilythrownawaythecontaminatedplate.Instead,hetookthetimeto42.______whathadhappened.Hiscuriosity,nothisluck,waswhat43.______tothediscovery.However,ittookanothertenyearsforpenicillintobe44.______intoausabledrug.Otherscientists,includingHowardFloreyandErnstChain,workedtirelesslyto45.______theantibiotic.Theyfacedmany46.______.Theyhadtofindawaytoproduceenoughpenicillintotreathumans.Theyalsohadto47.______thedrugsafeandeffective.Theirworksavedmillionsoflives.Butitalso48.______aquestionaboutthenatureofinnovation.Isaninventiontheproductofasingle49.______oracollectiveeffort?Thestoryofpenicillinshowsthatitisboth.Greatdiscoveriesoftenrequirea50.______ofindividualinsightandcollaborativework.36.A.plates

B.books

C.rooms

D.tools37.A.threwaway

B.ignored

C.examined

D.hid38.A.grown

B.destroyed

C.moved

D.reproduced39.A.dangerous

B.expensive

C.powerful

D.unknown40.A.planned

B.accidental

C.simple

D.complicated41.A.courage

B.patience

C.curiosity

D.ambition42.A.ignore

B.investigate

C.forget

D.remember43.A.led

B.added

C.compared

D.referred44.A.developed

B.written

C.stored

D.sold45.A.destroy

B.avoid

C.produce

D.test46.A.challenges

B.opportunities

C.failures

D.successes47.A.think

B.make

C.consider

D.prove48.A.solved

B.raised

C.ignored

D.avoided49.A.inventor

B.user

C.student

D.critic50.A.mixture

B.competition

C.separation

D.replacement第二节词汇运用(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)A.将方框中所给单词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)

obsolete

prototype

patent

innovation

revolutionizeEvery51.______beginswithanidea.Butagoodideaisnotenough.Inventorsmustbuildaworking52.______totesttheirdesign.Iftheideaistrulyoriginal,theyshouldapplyfora53.______toprotecttheirrights.Overtime,newtechnologiescan54.______entireindustries.Theycanmakeoldmethods55.______andcreatenewpossibilities.51.______

52.______

53.______

54.______

55.______B.阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGutenberginventedtheprintingpress.This56.______(设备)changedtheworld.Beforetheprintingpress,bookswere57.______(手写的)andveryexpensive.Onlythewealthycouldaffordthem.Gutenberg’sinventionmadeitpossibleto58.______(生产)booksquicklyandcheaply.This59.______(导致)aspreadofknowledgeacrossEurope.Morepeoplelearnedtoreadandwrite.Theprintingpressalso60.______(帮助)tospreadnewideas.ItplayedakeyroleintheRenaissanceandtheReformation.Gutenberg’s61.______(成就)isareminderthattechnologycanhave62.______(深远的)socialimpact.Hisinventionwasnotjusta63.______(技术)breakthrough—itwasa64.______(文化)revolution.Wearestill65.______(受益)fromhisworktoday.第三节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Thecomputerisoneofthemostsignificantinventionsofthe20thcentury.Butitsdevelopment66.______(involve)theworkofmanypeople.Thefirstcomputerswerehugemachinesthatfilledentirerooms.Theywere67.______(incredible)expensiveandonly68.______(use)bygovernmentsandlargeinstitutions.Inthe1970s,theinventionofthemicroprocessormadecomputerssmallerand69.______(afford).Thisledtothedevelopmentofthepersonalcomputer,70.______revolutionizedthewaypeopleworkandcommunicate.Today,computersare71.______commonthatwecan’timaginelifewithout72.______(they).73.______thecomputerwasinvented,manypeopleworriedthatitwouldleadtojoblosses.Whilesomejobshaveindeeddisappeared,newjobshavealsobeen74.______(create).Thekeyistoadapt75.______changeandlearnnewskills.第四部分书面表达(共1小题，满分20分)科技发明给我们的生活带来了巨大变化，但同时也带来了新的问题。请你根据以下提示，以“TheDouble-EdgedSwordofTechnology”为题，写一篇英文短文。要点提示：介绍一项你认为重要的发明及其带来的好处；指出这项发明带来的负面影响或潜在风险；你认为我们应该如何平衡科技发展的利弊；你对未来科技发展有什么期望或建议。TheDouble-EdgedSwordofTechnologyTechnologyhastransformedourlivesincountlessways,butitisnotwithoutitsdownsides._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案听力理解第一节：

1-5BBACA第二节：

6-7BC

8-10BBB第三节：

11-15ABABC阅读理解A篇：

16-18BBBB篇：

19-22BBBBC篇：

23-26BBBBD篇：

27-30BCBA任务型阅读31.B

32.E

33.C

34.A35.Yes,becauseinventorsshouldconsiderhowtheircreationsmaybemisused.(答案不唯一)完形填空36-40ACBCB

41-45CBAAC

46-50ABBAA词汇运用A部分：

51.innovation

52.prototype

53.patent

54.revolutionize

55.obsoleteB部分：

56.device

57.handwritten

58.produce

59.led

60.helped

61.achievement

62.profound

63.technological

64.cultural

65.benefiting语法填空66.involved

67.incredibly

68.used

69.moreaffordable

70.which

71.so

72.them

73.When

74.created

75.to书面表达(略)听力材料第一节Text1

M:Whatdoyouthinkmakesagoodinventor?

W:Ithinkpersistenceismoreimportantthanintelligence.Manyinventorsfailmanytimesbeforetheysucceed.Text2

W:Technologyhasmadeiteasiertostayintouchwithpeoplefaraway.

M:Ye