Unit 5 Nature's Temper单元检测卷-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit5Nature'sTemper单元检测卷

时间：100分钟满分：100分

听力部分

一、听力理解(15小题,共20分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，共5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两

遍。

()1.Whenshouldthegirlbehomeatthelatest?

A.At6:00p.in.B.At8:30p.in.C.At9:30p.m.

()2.Whatwasthemandoingwhenitbegantorainheavilyyesterday?

A.Hewaseatingintherestaurant.

B.Hewaswaitingfor(hebus.

C.Hewaswalkingtotherestaurant.

()3.WhywasJimmylateforschoolthismorning?

A.Becausehegotuplate.B.Becausethesnowwasheavy.C.Becausehisbikewasbroken.

()4.WhichworddescribesCharlie'sbrotheraccordingtotheconversation?

A.Careful.B.Playful.C.Quiet.

()5.Whalare(hetwospeakerstalkingabout?

A.Alandslide.B.Atyphoon.C.Awildfire.

第二节(共5小题；每小题1分，共5分)

听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。

()6.HowoldwasBenwhenheexperiencedanearthquakeinhishometown?

A.8yearsold.B.9yearsold.C.10yearsold.

()7.Whogothurtduring(heearthquakeinBen'sfamilyaccordingtotheconversation?

A.Ben'smother.B.Ben'sbrother.C.Ben'sfather.

听下面一段独白，回答第8至第10三个小题。

)8.HowdidTaylorfeelwhenheknewitwasatsunami?

A.Scared.B.Curious.C.Shocked.

（）9.WherewasTaylor'suncle'shouse?

A.Nearthecoast.B.Inthevillage.C.OnasmallhilL

（）10.HowlongdidTaylor'sfamilystayinhisuncle'shouse?

A.Fortwodays.B.Forthreedays.C.Foraweek.

第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

你将听到一段经历分享。请用你所听到的内容，填写表格中所缺单词，每空限填一词或一个数字。短文读两遍。

AMeaningfulDay

DateLastFriday.WeatherAheavy11.___________.

Iclearedthemainroadscoveredwith12.___________snowwithmygrandpa.

•13.___________cametohelp.

Process

•Somepeople14.__________snowwhileotherspouredsaltonicc.

Thewholecleaningtasktook15.____________minutestofinish.

ResultTheroadsweresafeforpeopletogoout.

笔试部分

二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题I分，共15分）

先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。

LifewashardfortheChinesefarmerswholivedneartheYellowRiver.Overthepastfewhundredyears,

theriver16China'sGreatPlainmorethan1,5（X）times.Peoplesuffered】7ineachflood.Manyofth

emdied,andthosewho18wereleftwithnothing.

InSeptember1887,itwasa19month.Theriverbegantorise,andpeoplefeareditwouldbreakitsbank

s（岸）20noonewaswillingtoleave.Itwastheirhomewheretheirfamilymembersand21hadlivedI

ogetherforhundredsofyears.Anditwasharvestlime（收获季节）.Theywould22hungeriftheydidn'tharv

esttheircrops（庄稼）soon.Theraincontinuedtofall,andtheriverrose23.Somefannersharvestedthecro

ps.Othersbuiltdikes（堤）to24againsttheflood.

Butitdidn'twork.NearthecityofZhengzhou,theriverfinally25thedikes.Thefloodsweptaway

thefannersinthefields.Thesoundofrunningwaterwassoloudthatnoonecouldhearthem26.Asth

ewaterreachedthevillages,peopleclimbedontotheir27forsafety.Eventhoughpeoplewerein28

everyonehelpedeachother.Theyusedboatsto29othersbravely.

Thefloodcovered11citiesand1,500villagesandkilledabout900,000people.Andittook18monthstofi

xthedikesandbringtheriverbackunder30.

Thankfully,today,theflooddefences(防御)alongtheYellowRiveraremuchbetter.

()16.A.hasreplacedB.hasformedC.hasburnedD.hasflooded

()17.A.easilyB.terriblyC.quietlyD.kindly

()18.A.survivedB.disappearedC.attendedD.mentioned

()19.A.windyB.rainyC.sunnyD.cloudy

()20.A.andB.soC.butD.or

()21.A.actorsB.doctorsC.relativesD.coaches

()22.A.searchforB.preparefbrC.learnfromD.sufferfrom

()23.A.higherB.earlierC.slowerD.longer

()24.A.harmB.guardC.reachD.choose

()25.A.shutB.improvedC.decoratedD.broke

()26.A.screamB.singC.laughD.argue

()27.A.bedsB.tablesC.roofsD.stages

()28.A.angerB.troubleC.surpriseD.joy

()29.A.greetB.inviteC.rescueD.shoot

()30.A.pressureB.preparationC.controlD.discussion

三、阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，共40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

A

Thunderandlightningcanbereallyscarywhenyou'reoutside.Butdon'tworry!Herearesomeusefulw

aystokeepyourselfsafe.

Don'tstandundertalltrees.

Don'tstayinopenfields.

Thebestthingtodoiscoenterabuilding.

Ifyoucan'tenterabuilding,youcancrouchdown(蹲下)likethis:

Crouchdownaslowasyoucan.Placeyourhandsoveryourearstoprotect

yourhearing.

Touchthebackpartsofyourfeettogether.Thisway,

ifelectricityfromthegroundhitsyou,itwillenteroneTheonlythingtouchingthegroundshould

footandexittheother,reducingtheriskofinjury.bethefrontpartsofyourfeet.

()31.Whatisthebestthingtodotostaysafeduringthunderandlightning?

A.Gointoabuilding.RHideunderthefable.

C.Runquicklyoutside.D.Slayinopenfields.

()32.Whyshouldweplaceourhandsoverourearswhenwecrouchdown?

A.Tokeepwarm.B.Totouchtheground.

C.Toprotectourhearing.D.Tobalanceourbodies.

()33.Whatshouldyoudowiththebackpartsofyourfeetwhencrouchingdown?

A.Liftthemup.B.Touchthemtogether.

C.Keepthemapart.D.Shakethemslowly.

()34.Whichpartsofourbodiesshouldtouch(hegroundaswecrouchdown?

A.Ourhands.B.Thebackpartsofourfeet.

C.Ourknees.D.Thefrontpartsofourfeet.

()35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?

A.Totellastoryaboutthunderandlightning.

B.Toexplainwhythunderandlightningarcscary.

C.Todescribehowelectricitymovesinlightning.

D.Toshowusefulwaystostaysafeduringthunderandlightning.

B

Nearly2,000yearsago,ahugevolcanoerupted(火山B贲发)inthesouthofItaly.Withinoneday,itcovere

dthewholecityofPompeii.1(destroyed(破坏)housesandkilledthousandsofpeopleimmediately

Lastsummer,mydadandIvisitedPompeii.Dadsaiditwouldbegoodresearchformyhistoryproject

abouttheancientRomans(古罗马人).That'swhywedecidedtovisit.Atfirst,Ifeltbored!Butwhenwegotthe

re,IwasreallyamazedatwhatIsaw.

ThecitylooksjustlikeitdidinancientRomantimes.Therearehousesandshops.Theashcoveredpeopl

e,animals,andobjects,turningthemtostone.Everythinglooksexactlythesameasitdidwhentheashhit.You

canalsoseenormalobjectsthattheyusedeveiyday,likebread,bottles,andcookingutensils(厨房用具).Theset

hingsshowushowpeoplelivedlongago.Iwassurprisedthattheirlifewassosimilartoours.

Iwasamazedat(hestonefiguresof(hepeople,butlaterIfellverysadforthesepeople.Theyweredoi

ngnormalthingswhenthedisasterhappened.Thosepeoplemusthavefeltsoscaredatthattime.

()36.WhatdestroyedPompeiinearly2,(X)0yearsago?

A.Aflood.B.Awar.

C.Avolcano.D.Afire.

()37.WhydidthewritervisitPompeii?

A.Tolearnanewlanguage.B.Tostudyfbrhishistoryproject.

C.Tovisitthenewhouses.D.Tosechowavolcanoerupts.

()38.WhichofthefollowingcanpeopleseeinPompeiinow?

①housesandshops②newmachines③bread®stoneobjects

A.①②③B.®®®

C.®@®D.®®®

()39.Howdidthewriter'sfeelingschangeduringhistriptoPompeii?

A.Bored—>surprised—>sad.B.Bored—>surprised—>scared.

C.Bored—>scarcd—►amazed.D.Bored—>sad—>amazcd.

()40.WhatcanwelearnaboutthelifeinancientPompeiiaccordingtothetext?

A.Peopletheredidn'thaveanycookingutensils.

B.People'sdailylifewassimilartooursinsomeways.

C.Peoplebuiltandlivedinthecityagainaftertheeruption.

D.Mostpeoplehadrunawayfromthecitybeforethevolcanoerupted.

C

InJanuary2025,seriouswildfiresbrokeoutinLosAngeles,California.

Thefirstfirewasreportedat10:30a.m.onJanuary7inthehillsnearthePacificOcean.Bynoon,strong

windsspreadthefirequickly.Peoplestartedtoleavetheirhomes.Justafter6:00p.m.,(heEatonfirebrokeou

tinotherpartsofthearea.Overthenextthreedays,sixotherfiresbrokeoutinthearea.Morethan150.000

peoplehadtoleaveforsafeplacesand87,000receivedevacuation(疏散)warnings.Thousandsoffirefightersand

workersworkedtogethertofightthefiresandensurethesafetyofpeople.

Intotal,thefiresdestroyedmorethan12.000homes,schools,shopsandotherbuildings.Atleast25people

died,and23weremissing.Schoolswereclosed,roadswereshutdownandmanyhomeslostpower.Assm

okcwentacrossthecountry,officialssetairqualitywarningsandaskedpeopletowearmasks.

Thefiresweresostrongbecauseofthedryweatherandverystrongwinds.Therewasnorainfbrmonths,

sodeadplantsandtreescreatedfuel(燃料)forfires.Thewindsalsomadeithardtohelpputoutthefires.

Next,firefighterskeptworkinguntilthefireswereout.Then,peoplebegancleaningandbuilding.

()41.WhenwasthefirstwildfireinLosAngelesreported?

A.At10:30a.m.onJanuary7.B.At10:30a.m.onJanuary10.

C.At6:00p.m.onJanuary7.D.At6:00p.m.onJanuary10.

()42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spread”inParagraph2mean?

A.Keptsomethinginthesameplace.B.Madesomethingcoveralargerarea.

C.Madesomethingsmallerandweaker.D.Stoppedsomethingfrommovingtootherplace

s.

()43.Howdoesthewritershowtheresultsofthewildfires?

A.Bytellingstories.B.Byaskingquestions.

C.Bycomparingfacts.D.Bylistingnumbers.

()44.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Wherethefirstwildfirestarted.B.Whatairqualitywarningsweregiven.

C.Whythewildfiresweresostrong.D.Howtoputoutthewildfires.

()45.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthistext?

A.Culture.B.Travel.C.Sports.D.Nature.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳答案，使其意思通顺、内容完

整。

Anaturaldisasterisoftenasuddenevent.Itiscausedbynaturalfactors(因素).Avolcanoerupts.Thee

arthshakes.46.Theseareallnaturaldisasters.

Naturaldisasterscanhappenanywhereandatanytime.Someareasoftenhavebigstorms.Otherareashav

etornadoes.Tsunamisareaworryfcrpeoplewholivebytheocean.47.

Disastersarcscary.Theyoftenhurtorkillpeople,andtheycandestroybuildings.

48.Planningcannotonlykeepussafebutalsogiveuspeaceofmind.Weknowwearc

ready.What'smore,otherpeoplehelpusprepare.Someareashavewarningsystems.49.So

peoplehaveenough(imetoleaveibrasafeplace.

Wheredoyoulive?50.Thinkaboutthesequestionsaheadoftimeandpreparewhatyoun

eed.

A.Atsunamihitsthecoast.

B.Italldependsonwhereyoulive.

C.Whatnaturaldisastermighthappenthere?

D.Onewaytodealwithadisasteristoplanahead.

E.Theyletpeopleknowwhenabigdisastermaybeonthe

way.

四、短文填空(共10小题；每小题I分，共10分)

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短又通II页、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一

次。

usualchangethankfulplanetbecomewel(heythangrowearthquake

Scientistsbelievetheearthis4.6billionyearsold.However,themountains,hills,rivers,desertsandforest

sweseetodayaremuchyounger51.theearth.

Theearthisalwayschangingbecauseofvolcanoes(火山),52.,aswellaswindandrain.Some

ofthesechangesareveryslowandothersarequick.Waterandicecanalsomakebigchangestothe53.

.Forexample,eightyormerevolcanoesareundertheoceansandsometimesthey54.

_newislands.Glaciers(冰川)cancutthroughmountainsandmakelakesanddeepvalleys.

It'snormalforourplanettochange,butatthemoment,scientiststhinkit'schangingfasterthan55.

Theyfindthatsomedesertsare56.,andmanyforestsaregettingsmaller.Thewe

atherisgetting57.insomeplacesanddrierinotliers,andtherearemorebigstorms.Thatisto

say,whentheclimate58.,itcausesproblems.

However,59.,thesechangesarcnotbadforeveryone.AstheArcticgetswarmer,some

peopleinGreenlandarenowabletogrowandsellvegetableson60.ownland.FarmersinGr

eenlandlike(hewarmweatherandhopeitwillcontinue.

五、补全对话(共5小题；每小题1分，共5分)

根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

(Emma(A)isinterviewingRuby(B)aboutatrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterday.)

A:Hi,Ruby.Iheardtherewasabicycleaccidentnearourschool.61.

9

B:Ithappenedaround4p.m.yesterday.

A:62.?

B:ItwasLiWeifromClass9.Hewasridingtoofastwhenacarsuddenlysloweddowninfrontofhi

in.

A:63.?

B:Yes,someofhisclassmateswerewaitingforthebusnearby.

A:Didtheydoanythinglohelp?

B:64..TheyrushedtocheckifLiWeiwashurtandcalledforh

elp.

A:Wereallyneedtobemorecarefulwhenridingbikes.

B:65..It'simportanttofollowsafetyrules.

六、书面表达（共10分）

地震是具有突发性的自然灾害，掌握正确的自救方法能有效减少伤害。假定你是李华，你所在的英语社团将举

行以“WhattoDoDuringanEarthquake”为话题的演讲比赛，请你根据以下要点.写一篇发言稿.谈谈地震发生时，我

们应该如何保护自己。

要求：1.文中须包含要点中所提示信息，可适当发挥；

2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3.词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。

WhattoDoDuringanEarthquake

Hello,everyone!Earthquakesmaycomewithoutwarning,soknowinghowtoprotectourselvesisrea

Hyimportant.Today____________________________________________________________________________________

Thesetipsareveryuseful.Let'skeeptheminmind.

Thankyou.

一.1.B2.C3.B4.A5.B6.B7.C8.A9.C10.Al1.snowstorm12.thick

13.Volunteers14.swept15.40/forty

二、【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1887年黄河决堤引发的重大洪灾及其造成的巨大人员

伤亡。

16D【解析】考查动词词义辨析---语境推断巧求解。hasreplaced代替；hasformed形成hasburned燃

烧；hasflooded淹没。根据下文“Peoplesuffered17ineachflood.”可知，黄河多次泛滥淹没平原。故选D。

17.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析——语境推断巧求解。easily容易地；terribly严重地；quie:ly安静地；kindl

y亲切地。根据下文“Manyofthemdied,andthosewho18wereleftwithnothing.”可知，此处表示洪水带来

严重的苦难。故选B。

18A【解析】考直动词词义辨析---语境推断巧求解。survived生存：disappeared消失；atiended参加；men

tioned提到。根据空前“Manyofthemdied”可知，此处表示那些幸存下来的人一无所有。故选A。

19B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析---语境推断巧求解。windy多风的：rainy多雨的；sunny晴朗的;cloudy

多云的。根据下文“Theriverbeganlorise”可知，此处表示这是一个多雨的月份。故选B。

20C【解析】考查连词词义辨析——逻辑推理巧判断。and和；so所以；but但是：or或者。根据空前“and

peoplefeareditwouldbreakitsbanks（岸）”以及空后“noonewaswillingtoleave”可知，此处表示人们害怕河岸决

堤，但没有人愿意离开，前后句意存在逻辑上的转折关系。故选C

21C【解析】考查名词词义辨析---语境推断巧求解。actors演员；doctors医生relatives亲戚;coaches教

练。根据空后“hadlivedtogetherforhundredsofyears”可知，此处表示他们的家人和亲戚。故选C。

22.D【解析】考查动词短语辨析--语境推断巧求解。searchfor寻找；preparefor为准备好:leamfro

m向...学习；sufferfrom遭受。根据空后“iftheydidn'tharvesttheircrops（庄稼）soon”可知，此处表示如果不收

割庄稼，就会遭受饥饿。故选Do

23.A【解析】考查副词词义辨析--语境推断巧求解。higher更高：earlier更早；slower更慢;longer更久。

根据空前“Theraincontinuedtofall”可知，此处表示河水上涨更高。故选A。

24B【解析】考直动词词义辨析---生活常识巧利用。harm伤害：guard保卫：reach到达；choose选择。

根据空前“Othersbuiltdikes（堤）t。”可知.此处表示修建堤坝是为了保护区域免受洪水侵袭。故选B。

25.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析---语境推断巧求解。shut关闭；improved改进；decorated装饰;broke损

坏。根据下文“Thefloodsweptawaythefarmersinthefields.”可知，此处表示洪水最终冲破了堤坝。故选D。

26A【解析】考查动词词义辨析——语境推断巧求解。scream尖叫sing唱歌；laugh笑：argue争论。根据

空前“Thesoundofrunningwaterwassoloud”可知,此处表示没人能听到他们的尖叫。故选A。

27.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析——生活常识巧利用。beds床；tables桌子；roofs屋顶；stages舞台。根据

空前“Asthewalerreachedthevillages''及生活常识可知，此处表示洪水来时,人们爬到屋顶避险.故选Co

28.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析---语境推断巧求解。anger愤怒；trouble麻烦；surprise惊讶；joy乐趣。

根据空后“everyonehelpedeachother"可知.此处表示尽管人们处于困境中，仍互相帮助。故选B。

29C【解析】考查动词词义辨析——语境推断巧求解。greet问候：invite邀请；rescue救援：shoot射击。根

据空前“Theyusedboatsto”及前文语境可知，此处表示他们用船勇敢地救援他人。故选C。

30C【解析】考查名词词义辨析---固定搭配助解题。pressure压力；preparation准备；control控制;discuss

ion讨论。根据空前“ittook18monthstofixthedikes”可知，此处表示修复堤坝并使河流重新得到控制花了18

个月的时间。undercontrol得到控制，为固定搭配。故选Co

三、第一节A【主旨大意】本文是一则安全指南。文章主要呈现了在户外遇到打雷闪电时的一些安全防护措施。

31A【解析】细节理解题——关键词定位法。题干意为：打雷和闪电期间，保持安全的最好做法是什么?根据

文中“Thebestthingtodoistoenterabuilding.”可知，最好的做法是进入建筑物。故选A。

32C【解析】细节理解题——关键词定位法。题干意为：当我们蹲下时，为什么我们应该用手捂住耳朵?根据

文中“Paceyourhandsoveryourearstoprotectyourhearing.”可知，是为了保护听力。故选Co

33.B【解析】细节理解题——关键词定位法。题干意为：蹲下时，你应该怎么放置脚的后部。根据文中“Touch

thebackpartsofyourfeettogether.”可知,应将脚的后部靠在一起。故选B。

34.D【解析】细节理解题一关键词定位法。题干意为：当我们蹲下时，我们身体的哪些部垃应该接触地面?

根据文中“Theonlythingtouchingthegroundshouldbethefrontpartsofyourfeet.”可矢口，是脚的前部。故选D。

35.D【解析】推断写作意图题。题干意为：这篇文章的主要目的是什么?根据文中“Thunderandlightningcan

bereallyscarywhenyou'reoutside.Butdon'tworry!Herearesomeusefulwaystokeepyourselfsafb.”可知,

是展示一些在雷电下保持安全的有用的方法。故选D。

B【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与父亲参观庞贝古城的经历，通过火山遗址中保存的

房屋、物品等,展现了古罗马人的生活场景，并表达了震撼与悲伤交织的复杂情感。

36C【解析】细节理解题——关键词定位法。题干意为：近2900年前是什么摧毁了庞贝?根据第一段中“Nea

rly2,000yearsago,ahugevolcanoerupted（火山喷发）inthesouthofItaly.Withinoneday,itcoveredthe

wholecityofPompeii.”可知，是火山喷发摧毁了庞贝。故选Co

37.B【解析】细节理解题——关键词定位法。题干意为：作者为什么参观庞贝?根据第二段中“Dadsaiditwo

uldbegoodresearchformyhistoiyprojectabouttheancientRomans（古罗马人）.That'swhywedecidedtovisit.”

可知.作者是为了历史课题研究。故选B。

38.C【解析】组合选择题——关键词定位法。题干意为：人们现在在庞贝能看到以下哪项?根据第三段中“There

arehousesandshops.Theashcoveredpeople,animals,andobjects,turningthemtostone.”以及“Youcanalso

seenormalobjectsthattheyuseever）zday,likebread,bottles,andcookingutensils（厨房用具）.”可知,人们现在在庞

贝能看到房屋和商店、日常物品（例如面包）以及石化的物体。故选C。

39A【解析】推断人物情绪变化题——巧用信息标记法。题干意为：作者在庞贝之旅期间的情感是如何变化

的?根据第二段中“Atfirst,Ifeltbored!”可知，作者起初觉得无聊；根据第三段中“Thesethingsshowushowpcop

Ielivedlongago.Iwassurprisedthattheirlifewassosimilartoours.”可知，作者之后感觉到惊讶；再由最后一

段中Twasamazedatthestonefiguresofthepeople,butlaterIfeltverysadforthesepeople.”可知，作者为他

们感到难过。因此情绪变化为：无聊一惊讶一难过。故选A。

40.B【解析】细节理解题——转换相关语句法。题干意为：根据文章,关于古庞贝的生活我们能了解到什么？

根据第三段中“Iwassurprisedthattheirlifewassosimilartoours.”可知他们的日常生活与我们的有相似之处。故

选B。

C【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶地区在一月发生的严重山火，包

括其爆发时间、登延过程、造成的人员伤亡与财产损失，并分析了起火原因及后续救援行动。

41A【解析】细节理解题——关键词定位法。题干意为：洛杉矶的第一场山火是什么时候报道的?根据第二段

中“Thefirstfirewasreportedat10:30a.m.onJanuary7inthehillsnearthePacificOcean.”可知.据报

道,1月7日上午10：30,太平洋附近的山区发生了第一场山火。故选A。

42.B【解析】词义猜测题——利用逻辑关系猜词义。题干意为：第二段画线单词“spread”是代么意思?根据画

线单词所在句中的“strongwinds”以及下文“Overthenextthreedays,sixotherfiresbrokeoutinthearea."可推知,

大风使火势蔓延到更大区域。故选B,

43.D【解析】推断写作手法题一利用语言特点。题干意为：作者如何展示山火的后果?根据第二段中“More

than150.000peoplehadtoleaveforsafeplacesand87,000receivedevacuation（疏散）warnings.”以及第三段中

*intotal,thefiresdestroyedmorethan12,000homes,schools,shopsandotherbuildings.Atleast25people

died,and23weremissing”可知，作者通过列数字来展示山火的后果。故选D。

44.C【解析】段落大意题——主题句定位法。题干意为：第四段主要关于什么?根据第四段“Thefireswereso

strongbecauseofthedryweatherandveiystrongwinds.”可知.本段主要解释了火灾猛烈的原因。故选C。

45.D【解析】推断文章主题题——关注核心词及高频词。题干意为：我们可以在报纸的哪个部分找到这篇文

章。文章主要报道了加州山火这一自然灾害事件，属于自然类话题。故选D。

第二节【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然灾害的突发性、破坏性及全球普遍性，并重点强

调了通过提前规划、关注预警和准备应急包等方式进行防灾准备的重要性。

46.A【解析】根据上文“Avolcanoerupts.Theearthshakes."及下文'Thesearcallnaturaldisasters.”可知，

此处列举自然灾害的具体表现，空格处需补充另一种自然灾害形式，结合备选项可知A项符合语境。故选A。

47.B【解析】根据上文“Someareasoftenhavebigstorms.Otherareashavetornadoes.Tsunamisare

aworryforpeoplewholivebytheocean.”可知,不同地区面临的自然灾害类型不同,空格处需总结这种地域差异

性，结合备选项可知B项符合语境。故选B。

48.D【解析】根据下文“Planningcannotonlykeepussafebutalsogiveuspeaceofmind.”可知,本段核

心是强凋提前计划的重要性，空格处作为段首句需提出核心观点，结合备选项可知D项符合语境。故选D。

49.E【解析】根据上文“Someareashavewarningsystems”可知,空格处需具体说明预警的作用，结合备选

项可知E项符合语境。故选E。

50C【解析】根据上文“Wheredoyoulive?”和下文“Thinkaboutthesequestionsaheadoftimeandprepar

ewhatyouneed.”可知.空格处需提出一个与居住地相关的具体问题，结合备选项可知C项符合语境。故选C。

四、【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球地貌的演变历程及其成因，分析了气候变化带来的

正反两面影响,揭示了自然力量与人类活动共同塑造环境的客观规律。

51than【解析】根据空前“muchyounger”及备选词汇可知，此处为比较级结构,选词thano故填ihan。

52.earthquakes【解析】根据空前“volcanoes（火山）“、空后"aswellas,windandrain”及备选词汇可知，此

处列举自然现象，选词carlhquakc,应用复数形式表示泛指。故填earthquakes.,

53.planet【解析】根据上文中的“Theearthisalwayschangingbecauseofvolcanoes（火山）”及备选词汇可知，

此处表示水和冰也会给地球带来巨大的变化，选词planet,应用名词单数表示特指。故填planet.

54become【解析】根据空后“newislands”及备选词汇可知，此处表示它们有时会形成新的岛屿，选词bee

omeo句子时态为一般现在时,主语为复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填become.

55.usual【解析】根据空前“fasterihan”及备选词汇可知，此处表示比往常更快,选词usual。故填usual。

56growing【解析】根据空后“andmanyforestsaregettingsmaller”及备选词汇可知,此处表示沙漠正在扩大,

选词grow。再由空前“arc”可知，应用动词现在分词构成现在进行时。故填growing。

57.wetter【解析】根据"Theweatherisgetting57.insomeplacesanddrierinothers”及

备选词汇可知，此处为对比关系，表示有些地方的天气变得更潮湿，有些地方变得更干燥，选词wet,应用比较级

形式。故填wetter。

58changes【解析】根据空后"itcausesproblems”及备选词汇可知，此处表示当气候改变时，选