湖南长沙市弘益高级中学2025-2026学年上学期高二期末英语试题（含答案）

湖南长沙市弘益高级中学20252026学年上学期高二期末英语试题一、阅读理解ATheEnchantedForest:AMagicalNatureExhibitionIntroductionNatureWorldExhibitionsisthrilledtorevealthattheEnchantedForestwillopeninEdinburgh,ScotlandonJune15.SetinthehistoricRoyalBotanicGarden,thisexhibitioncombinesthebeautyofnaturewithmagicalexperiences,promisingtodelightbothseasonednatureadmirersandcuriousnewcomers.TicketInformationTicketsforthegeneralpublicwillbeavailablestartingTuesday,May1,on.However,membersofNatureWorldExhibitionshaveanexclusiveopportunitytojointhewaitlistthreedaysearlierandsecuretheirpresaleticketsaheadofeveryoneelse.ExhibitionHighlights●TheFairyGrove:Stepintoamysteriousgrovefilledwithglowingflowersandhiddenfairy(仙女)houses.Visitorswillbefascinatedbythedelicatebeautyofnature,withinteractivedisplaysthatallowthemtodiscoverhiddensecretsandmagicalcreatures.●TheEnchantedRiver:Wanderalongagentlyflowingriversurroundedbythickgreeneryandancienttrees.Here,visitorscanexploreaseriesofwaterfallsandbridges,eachwithitsownuniquestoryandsomeinteractiveelements.●TheNaturePlayground:Thisinteractiveareainvitesvisitorstoengagewithnaturethroughhandsonactivities,suchasbuildingfairyhouses,creatingnatureart,andexploringagianttreehouse.AbouttheRoyalBotanicGardenTheRoyalBotanicGardenisahistoricandpicturesquecomplexlocatedintheheartofEdinburgh.Itistypicallyaplaceforscientificresearchandplantconservation,butforthisspecialexhibition,itwillopenitsdoorstothepublictoshareitsnaturalwonders.Withsufficientparkingavailable,it'seasytovisitandimmerseyourselfinthemagicoftheEnchantedForest.1.WhatbenefitcanNatureWorldExhibitionsmembersget?A．Agiftcard.B．Longervisitinghours.C．Aguidedtour.D．Earlieraccesstotickets.2.Whatcanvisitorsdoattheexhibition?A．Makenatureartworks.B．Actoutfairytales.C．Feedmagicalcreatures.D．Buildhugetreehouses.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoyalBotanicGarden?A．Itofferslimitedparking.B．Itfocusesonnatureexhibitions.C．Itseldomopenstothepublic.D．ItisremotelylocatedinEdinburgh.BInmanypartsoftheworld,autumnbringscoolerweatherandabeautifulchange—leavesonsometreesturnfromgreentobrightshadesofyellow,orange,andred.Butthosecolorsareshortlivedbeforeleavesfallofftheirtrees.Haveyoueverwonderedwhythishappens?Itˈsallpartofhowtheplantsprepareforwinter.Treesspendmuchoftheyearturningsunshineintofoodthroughphotosynthesis(光合作用).Thisprocessreliesonagreenpigment(色素)inleavescalledchlorophyll(叶绿素).Butasautumnapproaches,daysgetshorterandnightsgetcolder.Plantscannolongermakeenoughchlorophylltokeeptheirleavesgreen.Instead,theybreakdownchlorophyllintosmallerpartsandthentakethemin.Thissavesenergybecauseplantsdonˈthavetomakechlorophyllfromtheverybeginningwhenspringcomes.Whenchlorophylldiesaway,otherpigmentsintheleavesstarttoshow.Thesepigmentsnotonlycreatebeautifulcolorsbutalsoprotectleavesfrombeingeatenbyinsectsordamagedbysunlight.Atthesametime,thesetreesstopputtingeffortintoholdingontotheirleaves.Gettingridoftheirleavescanhelptreeskeepwaterintheirbodiesoverwinter.Italsoallowsstrongwindstoblowmoreeasilythroughtreesˈbranches,puttinglessstressonthem.However,notalltreesletgooftheirautumnleavessoeasily.Forexample,somewillows(柳树)mayholdontotheirleavesallwinter.Thiscanhelpprotecttheirbranchesfromhungryanimals.Conifertrees(针叶树)likewisekeeptheirneedlesyearround.Needlescanbearthecoldmoreeasilythanleavesdo.Soitcostsconiferslessenergytohangontotheirneedlesthantoremoveandregrowthemyearly.Haveacloselookatthetreesoutsideyourownwindowwhentheleaveschangeinautumnandfalltotheground.Bycollectingdataonyourlocalbiodiversity,youcancontributetocitizenscienceprojects.Plus,spendingtimewithnaturecancheeryouup—somethingmanyofusneedasthedaysgrowdarkerandcolder.4.Whatcontributestotheleavesofsometreeschangingcolorsinautumn?A．Insectseatingupthegreenpigmentsinleaves.B．Thesunlightbeingnotstrongenoughinautumn.C．Treesneedingmoreenergytomakenewgreenpigments.D．Chlorophylldisappearingandotherpigmentsappearing.5.Whatistheadvantagefortreestoremoveleavesforwinter?A．Ithelpstreestakeinmoresunlighteasily.B．Itmakestreesgrownewleavesquicklyinspring.C．Itprotectsbranchesfrombeingeatenbyanimals.D．Ithelpstreeskeepwaterandreducestressfromwinds.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutconifertreesfromthepassage?A．Theyloseneedleseveryautumnlikeothertrees.B．Theirneedlescanˈtstandcoldwinterweather.C．Theykeepneedlesallyearroundforenergysaving.D．Keepingneedlesneedsmoreenergythanregrowingthem.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Wecanonlyenjoyautumnleavesbywatchingthem.B．Gettingclosetonatureimprovesmentalhealthinautumn.C．Autumndaysarebrightandwarmforpeopletogoout.D．Citizenscienceprojectsonlyneeddataonautumnleaves.CWhenLoki,thegoldenretriever(寻回犬),enteredourlivesfiveyearsago,weanticipatedthathewouldassumetherolesoftailwaggingfamilyguardianandpersonaltrainer.TimehasprovedthatnotonlydoesLokifulfilallthosefunctions,he’salsothefamily’sultrapunctualalarmclockaswellasstandupcomedian.Butwithoutdoubthismostunexpectedcontributiontoourhouseholdisthatofpeacemaker.Now,Lokiisthespiritualleaderofourfamily.Whenwebecomeirritated,suchaswhenmywifementionsmyweight,healwaysmakesusstoparguing.Lokipossessesareliablewarningsystem.Assoonasourvoicesrise,hedemandstherestorationofharmony,firstleaninghisheadonthelegoftheinstigatoroftheargumentandstaringathimorherwithpleadingeyes.Ifhefails,hewillclimbupandlickhisorherneckaffectionately,whichusuallyworks.Therefore,ifwewanttohaveagoodargument,wehavenochoicebuttoleavehome.After28yearsofmarriage,timehasn’teasedourhottemper,butLoki’sinfluencehas.Hehasimposedhispersonalityonus.Hehasalsoimprovedmywellbeing.Whenattachedtoabloodpressuremonitor,I’vewatchedmynumbersheadintherightdirectionwhenLokiliesnexttomeonthesofa.Scientistssaystrokingadogcanreducebloodpressurebyasmuchas10percent.Asusual,theotherday,justafterdaybreak,Ifoundmyselflyingontheedgeofthebed,pushedasidebyLoki,whichwaslyingonadowncomforter,snoring(打鼾)intermittently.AnditsuddenlydawnedonmethatIspentmoretimesleepingalongsideLokithanmywife.AlthoughLokihastheabilitytomediate,heisparticularlyunabletoconvinceTraceytoletmecrossthethreshold(门槛)atnightduetomysnoring.Myweightisundoubtedlythecause.It’stimeforhimtostepbackuptohisprimaryrole,apersonaltrainer.Comeon,Loki.Let’sgoforarun!8.WhatwasLokioriginallyexpectedtoserveasaccordingtotheauthor?A．Apeacemaker.B．Analarmclock.C．Aspiritualleader.D．Afamilyguardian.9.WhatmightbeLoki’swaytoendtheargumentbetweenthecouple?A．Raisinghisvoice.B．Barkingatthecouple.C．Interactingwiththeinstigator.D．Runningawayfromhome.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A．TheauthorblameshisweightproblemonLoki.B．Traceydoesn’tallowtheauthortogooutatnight.C．Lokihasapositiveinfluenceontheauthor’shealth.D．TheauthorpreferssleepingalongsideLokitohiswife.11.What’sthetoneofthepassage?A．Relaxing.B．Critical.C．Serious.D．Ironic.DWhenwesleep,ourbrainisstillactivelyprocessingtheday’sexperiencesandintegrating(整合)themwithpastmemories.Previousstudieshaveidentifiedlinksbetweenpupil(瞳孔)sizeandsleepstate,aswellasbetweensleepstateandmemoryformation.However,ithasbeenunclearhowfreshmemoriesareprocessedwithoutmixingintooldones.Forexample,howdowelearntoplaythepianowithoutforgettinghowtorideabike?ResearchersatCornellUniversityaddressedthisquestionbyattachingbrainscanningelectrodesandtinyeyetrackingcamerastomice.Theymonitoredthemiceastheylearnednewtasksduringtheday,suchasgoingthroughamaze,andthenobservedthemduringsleep.(Funfact:micecansleepwiththeireyesopen.)Thestudyrevealedtwodistinctsubstagesduringnonrapideyemovement(NREM)sleep,akeyperiodformemoryformation.Onesubstagereplayednewmemories,alongwithnarrowedpupils.Theotherinvolvedrecallingoldermemories,markedbywidenedpupils.Thebrainshiftedrapidlybetweenthesestages.Theteamalsodiscoveredthatduringthenarrowedpupilstages,blockingsharpwaveripples(SWRs)limitedthemice’sabilitytoremembernewinformation.Itisalsofoundthatthebrainhasanintermediate(中间的)periodthatseparatesnewlearningfromoldknowledge.Theresultssuggestthatthebraincanmultitaskdifferentcognitiveprocessesduringsleeptopromotecontinuouslearningwithoutinterference(干扰).It’slikenewlearning,oldknowledge,newlearning,oldknowledge,shiftingslowlythroughoutsleep.Theimplicationsofthestudyarefarreaching:suchanoninvasivemeansofmonitoringbrainfunctionmayhelptreatmemoryissuesandboostmemory,forexample.Thestudyalsosupportsthehypothesis(假说)thathumanbrainsandcomputersystemsmaysignificantlyforgetoldinformation.Seriousforgetting,knowninAI,isanareawheremachinesarestillworsethanbiology.What’smore,thefindingsprovideapotentialsolutionforpreventingseriousinterferencewhileenablingmemoryintegrationinbothbiologicalandartificialneuralnetworks.Despitethemanysimilaritiesbetweenhumanandmousebrains,similarstudiesneedtobeconductedinhumanstoverifytheseresults.12.WhatdoresearchersatCornellUniversityfocuson?A．Howpupilsizeisrelatedtosleepstate.B．Howpeoplelearntoperformnewtasks.C．Howmemoriesarekeptwithoutinterference.D．Howsleepstateisconnectedwithmemoryformation.13.Whatisthefindingofthestudy?A．BlockingSWRsremovesoldmemories.B．Thebrainprocessesnewmemoriesfirst.C．Widenedpupilisassociatedwithreplayingnewmemories.D．Amiddlestagedistinguishesoldmemoriesfromnewones.14.Whatistheimplicationofthestudy?A．Itprovidesaninvasivesolutiontomemorystudy.B．Ithelpsavoidlargescaleinterferenceandintegratememory.C．Itdeniesthatbrainsandcomputersmayforgetinformationdramatically.D．Itsupportsthatmachinesperformbetterinseriousforgettingthanbrains.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．CodeofMemoryIntegrationinSleep.B．RoleofSleepinMemoryandLearning.C．PupilSize:AWindowintoHumanBrain.D．ABreakthrough:HowMiceSleepwithEyesOpen.二、七选五HugaTreeWeknowthatspendingtimeinnaturereducesstressandimprovesourmood.Wealsoknowthattheactofhuggingourselvesoranotherlivingthingcanimproveourwellbeing.___16___That’sexactlywhathuggingatreedoes!Readontolearnmoreaboutthebenefitsofhuggingatree!TakeaFreshBreath___17___So,whenyouareclosetoatreeandhugitinaforest,youarenaturallyinamoreoxygenrichenvironment.Youarealsomorelikelytobebreathinginfewerpollutants,especiallyiftheforestorwoodsareawayfromamainroadorairline.ImproveHeartHealthOnestudyfoundthatwhenweexperiencenature—whetherbyhikinginnearbymountainsorsimplylookingattreesandbirdsonthewaytowork—wecanincreaseourheartratevariability.___18___FightAgainstDepressionTrees’positiveeffectsonourmentalhealthhavebeenwelldocumented.Researchersareevencallingtreesnature’sProzac.Theynotethatfeelinggroundedorconnectedtonaturecanreduceanxietyanddepression.Whenyouhugatree,youbecomegroundedtoitspowerfulroots,receivingenergythatcanhelptofightseasonalaffectivedisorderordepressionyearround.___19___Treesareoneofnature’sgreateststressreducers.Itworksbyconnectingyoutotheenvironmentandallowingyoutofeelgroundedinbothspaceandtime.Whenyouhugatree,youreceivegroundingenergythroughitsroots.Thishasproveneffectiveforpeoplewhohavehighlevelsofanxietyorfear,orthosewhosufferfromnervousnessandworry.Ifyoudon’thaveatreeinyouryard,govisitthelocalparkorthebotanicgardensorhikeintheclosestwoodlands.Findatreethatspeakstoyouorisimpressiveinitsappearance.Gogiveitahug.___20___Sowhatifpassersbylaughatyou?Thehugyougiveisnotjusttothetreebuttoyourselfandyourspirit.A．Reducestress.B．Receivemoreenergy.C．Getoveryourfearofembarrassment.D．Bothmethodsrequirelittleeffortortime.E．Itiswellknownthattreesproduceoxygen.F．Combiningthetwocancreateevengreatereffects.G．Thiscanlowertherisksofmanyheartrelateddiseases.三、完形填空LittleBarrettalwayswishedhecouldflylikeabird.Heoften___21___triedtofindoutwhyhecouldn’t—eventhebigbirdsheavierthanhimcouldenjoyfreedominthesky.His___22___keptgrowing:“Istheresomethingwrongwithmethatstopsmefromflying?”Anotherboy,Jacques,wascrippled(跛脚的).Hefoundit___23___totakeevenafewsteps,oftenfeeling___24___whenhesawotherkidsrunandlaugh.Hedidn’t___25___sittingaloneandhopedtoimprovehissituation,butdidn’tknowhowto.Oneafternoon,BarrettmetJacquesinthepark.HeranoverandaskedifJacqueshadeverdreamedofflying.“No,”Jacquesshookhisheadsoftly,“butI’vealways___26___whatit’sliketorun___27___.”“Maybeonedayyou’llknowthat,”saidBarrett.Together,theyplayedhappily,buildingsmallsandhousesfornearlyanhour___28___Jacques’dad,Mr.Wilson,camewithawheelchair.Barrett,___29___ofhisnewfriend’swish,whisperedaplantoMr.Wilson,who___30___.Barrettkneltdown,letJacquesclimbonhisback,andheldJacques’legstokeep___31___.Thenhestartedrunningfastacrossthegrass.Jacqueswavedhisarms,yelling,“I’mflying,Daddy!”Mr.Wilson’seyesturnedwet.Well,truefriendshipis___32___onwhatwecan’tdo___33___whatwecangive.Wedon’tneedto___34___perfectthings—smallkindnessesaremost___35___tolightupsomeone’sday.21.A．quietlyB．anxiouslyC．carelesslyD．bravely22.A．concernB．joyC．angerD．surprise23.A．funB．easyC．toughD．strange24.A．tiredB．excitedC．satisfiedD．trapped25.A．startB．preferC．mindD．avoid26.A．doubtedB．decidedC．wonderedD．feared27.A．highlyB．curiouslyC．sincerelyD．freely28.A．sinceB．untilC．whileD．unless29.A．sureB．tiredC．proudD．aware30.A．agreedB．refusedC．promisedD．acted31.A．weightB．secretC．promiseD．balance32.A．attractedB．spentC．basedD．put33.A．ratherthanB．becauseofC．aswellasD．incaseof34.A．lookafterB．searchforC．giveupD．takeaway35.A．likelyB．readyC．difficultD．impossible四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TuYouyou,a___36___(commit)andpatientscientist,wasborninNingboon30December1930.AftergraduatingfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchool,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.Shejoinedateamofscientists___37___theobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalariain1967.Twoyearslater,she___38___(appoint)headoftheprojectanddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltexts___39___(find)traditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthedisease.Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggested___40___(use)theextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Tu’steamdidexperimentafterexperimentand___41___(final)foundasubstancebyloweringthetemperaturetodrawouttheextract.Aftermany___42___(failure),theyatlastfoundartemisinin,___43___soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.Sofarit___44___(save)hundredsofthousandsoflivesworldwide.Forthis,TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2015.AccordingtoTuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.Itisindeed___45___honourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.五、书信写作46.假定你是李华，在“世界环境日”到来之际，你校英文报将举办以“IftheEarthCouldSpeak”为主题的英语征文活动。请你以地球的口吻写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.对人类某些行为的感受；2.对人类的提醒和希望。注意：1.词数80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。ACryfromMotherEarth:ListenUp,Humans!Dearhumans,Ihavewatchedoveryouforhundredsofthousandsofyears.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、读后续写47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Whatisyourname?”isaquestionmostfrequentlyaskedwhenpeoplemeetforthefirsttime.Butforme,itwasthefirstchallengeIencounteredasaninternationalstudentinIreland.ThepronunciationsystemoftheChineselanguageisquitedifferentfromthatofEnglish.FornativespeakersofEnglish,someChinesewordsareratherdifficulttopronounce.MygivennameQiuyu(秋雨),forinstance,happenedtobeagreatchallengeformanyofthem.EverytimeIgaveaselfintroduction,Ihadtoexplainhowtopronouncemynameatleastfivetimes,yettheystillcouldnotsayitthewayIdid.Onceinalecture,theprofessortriedrepeatingmynameaftermeoverandoverinfrontofthirtyclassmates.IreallydidnotknowwhetherIshouldcontinuecorrectinghimorsimplydropthematter.Ifearedthatmyclassmatesmightgrowtiredofmyeffortsorevenlosepatiencewithme.Afterall,Ididcareabouthowotherswouldthinkofme.IrealizedthatifIdidn’tstop,theentirelecturewouldberuined.“It’sokay,professor,”Ishrugged(耸肩).Theawkwardmomentendedwiththeclasseruptingintolaughter.Iforcedasmile,unsurehowtorespondfurther.Afterthatincident,Istoppedactingasa“Chineseteacher.”Insteadofcorrectingotherswhentheywerestrugglingtopronouncemyname,Ijustsmiledandnoddedapprovingly.Thisapproachsparedmethediscomfortofhavingtooverexplain.However,Isoonfoundthatbydoingso,Imightbelosingsomethingmoreimportant:theopportunitytoshareasmallpartofmyculturalidentity.注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Inaclassdiscussion,Iwasinvitedtoexplainthemeaningofmyname.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Manyofmyclassmatesgotinterestedandcameuptomeafterclass.