2026年山西省部编版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习

2026年山西省部编版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"when"引导的从句需用过去时；选项C中"since"连接的从句应使用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，但"started"时态错误；选项D时态正确，"mustnot"表示一般性禁止，符合语境。正确答案为D。2.选择第12单元中关于情态动词can/could用法的正确表述。A.Couldyouopenthewindow?Itistoohotinhere.B.Icanswimwell,butIdon’tknowhowtodriveacar.C.Hecan’tgotothepartybecauseheistoobusynextweek.D.Couldyouhelpmewiththismathproblem?Ican’tdoit.解析：选项A中"could"用于委婉请求，符合语法；选项B中"can"表示能力，"don’tknowhowtodrive"需用情态动词"can't"（情态动词否定形式无be动词）；选项C中"can’t"应为"couldn’t"（could表过去能力）；选项D中"can’tdoit"应改为"can’tdoit"（此处"do"为动词原形）。正确答案为A。3.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetableyesterday.B.Shegoestoschoolbybuseverydaylastmonth.C.Isawaninterestingmovieatcinemalastweekend.D.Theyareplayinginparknow.解析：选项A中"yesterday"为时间状语，"abook"前无需冠词；选项B中"lastmonth"为时间状语，"bybus"前无需冠词；选项C中"cinema"为不可数名词，"aninterestingmovie"正确；选项D中"park"前需加"a"。正确答案为C。4.选择第12单元中关于一般现在时被动语态的正确形式。A.Thehomeworkwillbefinishedbystudentstomorrow.B.MybrotheriscalledLiMingbyeveryone.C.Englishisspokenbymanypeopleinthiscity.D.Thebookwaswrittenbymelastyear.解析：选项A中"willbefinished"为将来时被动语态，一般现在时被动语态应为"is/was+过去分词"；选项B中"called"时态错误，应为"iscalled"；选项C中"Englishisspoken"符合被动语态结构；选项D中"waswritten"时态错误，应为"waswritten"。正确答案为C。5.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.IaminterestedinplaythepianosinceIwasachild.B.Shewenttothestoretobuysomefoodandcleanherroom.C.ReadingbookscanhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.D.Hesatthere,waitingforhisfriendtoarrive.解析：选项A中"play"应为"playing"（现在分词作宾语补足语）；选项B中"clean"应为"toclean"（不定式表目的）；选项C中"Reading"作主语，但"canhelp"需用动词原形；选项D中"waiting"作伴随状语，结构正确。正确答案为D。6.选择第12单元中关于宾语从句引导词和时态的正确用法。A.MyteacheraskedmewhendidIfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.B.Shesaidthatsheisgoingtovisithergrandparentsnextweekend.C.Idon’tknowwherearetheynow.D.Hetoldmethatthemoviewasveryinterestinglastnight.解析：选项A中"when"引导宾语从句时，从句需用陈述语序，"didIfinish"错误；选项B中"that"引导宾语从句时，从句时态需与主句一致，但"goingtovisit"表将来，正确；选项C中"where"引导宾语从句时，从句需用陈述语序，"arethey"错误；选项D中"that"引导宾语从句时，从句时态需与主句一致，但"wasveryinteresting"表过去，正确。正确答案为B。7.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatschoolat7:00AMyesterdaymorning.B.Heisinterestedinthebookabouthistory.C.TheywenttothezooforapicniconSunday.D.TheteachergavemeagiftbecauseIwasagoodstudent.解析：选项A中"arriveat"用于地点，正确；选项B中"interestedin"需用复数名词，"thebook"错误；选项C中"forapicnic"表目的，但"onSunday"应为"onthatSunday"（特指）；选项D中"because"连接原因状语从句，但"wasagoodstudent"时态错误。正确答案为A。8.选择第12单元中关于定语从句关系代词的正确用法。A.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.B.Iboughtabookthatisveryinterestingyesterday.C.Thisistheplacewherewespentourchildhood.D.TheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishlastyearisverykind.解析：选项A中"who"指代人且作主语，正确；选项B中"that"指代物作主语，正确；选项C中"where"指代地点作主语，正确；选项D中"who"指代人作主语，正确。正确答案为A。9.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中祈使句使用正确的一项。A.Don’tbelateforclasstomorrowmorning.B.Youmustfinishyourhomeworknow.C.Pleaseopenthewindowbecauseitistoohothere.D.Letmehelpyouwiththismathproblem.解析：选项A中"Don’tbelate"为否定祈使句，正确；选项B中"mustfinish"为必须句，非祈使句；选项C中"Pleaseopen"为委婉祈使句，但"because"连接原因状语从句，不符合祈使句结构；选项D中"Letme"为"Letus"的误用，正确应为"Letme"。正确答案为A。10.选择第12单元中关于虚拟语气在if条件句中的正确用法。A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotothepartylastnight.B.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldpasstheexam.C.Iftheyweretoleavetomorrow,theywouldarrivelate.D.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavepreparedagift.解析：选项A中"IfIwereyou"为虚拟语气现在时，正确；选项B中"Ifshehadstudied"为虚拟语气过去时，但"wouldpass"时态错误，应为"wouldhavepassed"；选项C中"Iftheyweretoleave"为虚拟语气将来时，但"wouldarrivelate"时态错误，应为"wouldarrivelate"；选项D中"IfIhadknown"为虚拟语气过去时，但"wouldhaveprepared"时态错误。正确答案为A。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.TheteachertoldusthattheexamwouldbeheldnextMonday,______weshouldreviewallthelessonscarefully.______theweatherwasbadyesterday,theystillwenttothepark.______youstudyhard,youwillpassthetest.Idon’tknow______shewillcometothepartyornot.______Ifinishmyhomework,Iwillgotothelibrary.Theboy______isplayingfootballismybrother.Sheaskedme______Ihadfinishedmyhomework.______youarelateagain,youwilllosetheopportunity.IwishI______speakEnglishfluently.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：so;Although;Theharder;whether;After;who;if;If;could;that2.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets.3.IfI______(be)you,I______(notgo)tothepartylastnight.4.Shesaidthatshe______(go)tothecinemawithherfriendsnextweekend.5.Theteacheraskedus______(do)ourhomeworkcarefully.6.Mybrother______(play)basketballwhenI______(call)himyesterday.7.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(notgo)hiking.8.They______(have)finishedtheirprojectbythetimeyouarrive.9.IwishI______(be)abletotravelaroundtheworld.10.Thegirl______(wear)areddressismysister.11.Sheaskedme______(help)herwiththemathproblem.12.Ifyou______(study)harder,you______(pass)theexam.参考答案：were,wouldn’tgo;isgoing;todo;wascalling;rains,wouldn’tgo;willhave;couldbe;whoiswearing;tohelp;study,willpass三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(正确)2.Shesaidthatshewillgotothepartynextweekend.(错误，应为一般现在时"willgo")3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotothepartylastnight.(正确)4.Theboywhoisplayingfootballismybrother.(正确)5.SheaskedmeifIhadfinishedmyhomework.(正确)6.TheteachertoldusthattheexamwouldbeheldnextMonday.(正确)7.IwishIcouldspeakEnglishfluently.(正确)8.Thegirlthatiswearingabluedressismysister.(正确)9.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.(正确)10.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(正确)四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"can"and"could"inthe12thunit.2.Howdoyouuse"therebe"and"have"inthe12thunit?3.Whatisthestructureofapassivevoicesentenceinthe12thunit?4.Howdoyouuse"too...to..."inthe12thunit?5.Whatisthefunctionof"so"inthe12thunit?6.Howdoyouuse"if"clausesinthe12thunit?7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"who"and"that"inrelativeclauses?8.Howdoyouuse"wish"inthe12thunit?五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:Theteachergaveusabookyesterday.参考答案：Abookwasgiventousyesterday.2.Completethefollowingdialoguewiththecorrectformoftheverb:A:Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?B:I______(go)tothecinemawithmyfriends.A:______you______(see)thenewmovie?B:Yes,I______(see)itlastnight.参考答案：amgoing,Are,saw3.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectrelativepronoun:Thegirl______isplayingthepianoismysister.参考答案：who4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingamodalverb:Youmustfinishyourhomeworknow.参考答案：Youhavetofinishyourhomeworknow.5.Completethefollowingsentencewithaproperconjunction:Sheissmart,______sheisnotverytall.参考答案：so6.Completethefollowingsentenceusingaproperstructure:IwishI______speakEnglishfluently.参考答案：could六、标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.D2.B3.C4.C5.D6.B7.A8.A9.A10.A二、填空题1.so;Although;Theharder;whether;After;who;if;If;could;that2.1)were,wouldn’tgo2)isgoing3)todo4)wasplaying,called5)rains,wouldn’tgo6)willhave7)couldbe8)whoiswearing9)tohelp10)study,willpass三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.√7.√8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1."Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorpermission,while"Could"isusedforpastabilityorpoliterequests.2."Therebe"isusedforexistence,while"have"isusedforpossession.3.Passivevoice:Subject+be+pastparticiple(e.g.,Thebookwasread).4."Too...to..."expressesimpossibility(e.g.,