高三英语二轮专项复习 40分阅读限时练(五)

40分阅读限时练（五）

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分3（）分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出

最佳选项。

A

[2019•湖北八校联考]

Crazy-CreativeTraditionsinSchools

Hereareafewschools'crazy-creativetraditionsthatwillprobably

haveyouwishtogotheresoyoucouldcelebrateinallthegraduationfun.

Learnaboutthemallinthebelow.

Attire（月艮装）andFlowersatCollegeofCharleston

Youfashionistawilllovethisone.DuringtheDecemberceremony,

womenwearblackdressesandmenwearblacktuxedos（无尾礼服）.

DuringtheMayceremony,womenwearwhitedressesandmenwear

summertuxedos.It'salsobeenatraditionsincethe1930stocarryflowers

ontothestage:womencarrybouquetsofsixredrosesinaredbowand

menwearasingleredroseboutonniere（胸花）.Soclassy!

HoopRollingatWellesleyCollege

Thisall-women'scollegetraditionwasoriginallyheldonMayDay,

butit'snowheldinApril.Thepurposewastoallowstudentsto

essentiallyleavealltheirworriesbehindandjustparticipateinsomefun

gamesoutdoors.Backintheday,itwassaidthatthewinnerofthehoop

rollingracewasthefirsttobemarried,andinthe1980sshewouldbethe

firsttobeaCEO.Nowadays,thewinnerwouldbethefirsttoachieveher

ownhappiness...thatis,afterbeingthrownintoLakeWabanbyallher

classmates.

FabricandGreenGradRecyclingProgramattheUniversityof

NewHampshire

Youllabsolutelylovethistradition.UNH'svendorprovides

wrinkle-resistantcapsandgownsmadeofrecycledplasticbottles.

Graduatesthenhavetheopportunitytodonatetheirgownstobecleaned

andreused.Graduatesarestillabletokeeptheircapsandtasselsas

keepsakes,allwhilehelpingtosavetheenvironment.

体裁：应用文题材：学校生活主题：大学的疯狂创意传统

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了三所国外的学校的一些有趣的、

新奇的、富有创意的传统。

［难句分析］Hereareafewschools'crazy-creativetraditionsthat

willprobablyhaveyouwishtogotheresoyoucouldcelebrateinallthe

graduationfun.

分析：本句是一个复合句。句中“thatwillprobably...graduation

fun”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词traditions,that在从句中作

主语；havesb.dosih.意为“使某人做某事”。

译文：这里有一些可能会让你想去那里的学校的疯狂创意传统，

这样你就可以尽情庆祝毕业了。

1.IfyouwanttoparticipateintheDecemberceremony,youcan

choose.

A.CollegeofCharleston

B.WellesleyCollege

C.UniversityofNewHampshire

D.OxfordUniversity

答案与解析:A考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的“During

theDecemberceremony”可知，在CollegeofCharleston可以参加十月

的典礼，故选A项。

2.HoopRollingatWellesleyCollegeisaimedatenablingthe

studentsto.

A.beaCEOB.havefun

C.achievehappinessD.bemarried

答案与解析:B考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句"Thepurpose

wastoallowstudentstoessentiallyleavealltheirworriesbehindandjust

participateinsomefungamesoutdoors可知，WellesleyCollege的做

法是为了让学生得到快乐。故选B。

3.WhatareUNH'scapsandgownsmadeof?

A.Flowers.B.Silkandcotton.

C.Leather.D.Recycledplasticbottles.

答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段第二句“UNHs

vendorprovideswrinkle-resistantcapsandgownsmadeofrecycled

plasticbottles可知,答案选D项。

B

［2019•绵阳市诊断］WhenIwasakid,Iwasthegirlwhokeptthe

trainingwheelsonmybikeaslongaspossible.Evenmyyoungersister

hadgotridofthemmuchearlierthanme.ButasIbegantogrowolder,

thischanged.

AllthishappenedontheBikeSafetyDay.Itissupposedtobeafun

dayatschoolwhenallofuskidsbringourbikestoschoolandtheschool

providesuswiththeopportunitytorideoutsideandlearnproperbike

safety.Soundslikefun,right?No.Infact,itcausedmetopanic.What

wasIgoingtosaywhenmyfriendsaskedmeaboutmytrainingwheels?

Withthepressureofeveryoneseeingmytrainingwheels,I

determinedtoletthemgo.ThiswasthefirstbigchangeFdevermadeon

myown.

Iwenttomyparentsandtoldthemallaboutmydilemma.They

weremorethanhappytohelp.Wewentoutsideandgotmybike.Instead

ofrunningawayandhidingbehind,Istoodinfrontofmybikeandlook

greatprideinmydecisionasmydadremovedthetrainingwheels.

Igotonandsteadiedmyself.Myheartracedbutmyfeetandhands

werecalm.Mydadstartedtopushbeforemyfeetevenmovedand

suddenlyIwasoff.Thefearfadedawayandarelaxedmindcameintoits

place.ItwascrazytothinkhowquicklyIlearnedsomethingthattookso

longformetoeventry!

Myconfidencesoared（高涨）.Thiswasgoingtobethestartofa

brandnewworldforme.Myaccomplishmentwouldcarrymeforthto

newgoalsandwins.IrealizedthatifIsetmymindondoingsomething,I

couldachieveit.

体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：去掉自行车稳定轮

【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者小时候迟迟不敢去掉自行车的稳

定轮，在学校“自行车安全日”来临之前因为害怕同学看见她的稳定

轮而最终下决心去掉它们。

【难句分析】WhenIwasakid,Iwasthegirlwhokeptthe

trainingwheelsonmybikeaslongaspossible.

分析：本句为主从复合句。Iwasthegirl为句子的主干；句中

When引导时间状语从句；who引导定语从句修饰thegirlo

译文：当我还是个孩子的时候，我是那个把自行车的稳定轮尽可

能长时间地保留在自行车上的女孩。

4.WhatdoestheschoolexpectthestudentstodoonBikeSafety

Day?

A.Havetheirbikeschecked.

B.Rideoutsideforfun.

C.Acquirebikesafetyskills.

D.Removethetrainingwheels.

答案与解析：c考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“theschool

providesuswiththeopportunitytorideoutsideandlearnproperbike

safety"可知，学校想让学生在“自行车安全日”学会一些自行车安

全技能，故选C项。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3referto?

A.Theauthor'sfriends.B.Theauthor'sparents.

C.Thesafetyproblems.D.Thetrainingwheels.

答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据语境及画线词所在句的前

半部分“Withthepressureofeveryoneseeingmytrainingwheels”可

知，作者迫于害怕别人看见自己的自行车稳定轮的压力才决心去掉它

们，故画线词指的就是“稳定轮”，故选D项。

6.Whathappenedwhentheauthorfinallyrodewithoutthetraining

wheels?

A.Shefeltextremelyembarrassed.

B.Everythingturnedouttobeeasy.

C.Sheendedupfallingdown.

D.Hersistersfollowedherexample.

答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段最后一句“It

wascrazytothinkhowquicklyIlearnedsomethingthattooksolongfor

metoeventry!”可知，长时间不敢尝试的东西，作者竟学得很快，

由此对于作者来说骑没有稳定轮的自行车后，事情变得容易了，故选

B项。

7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisnecessarytorhertoachieveagoal?

A.Patience.B.Determination.

C.Pressure.D.Concentration.

答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“I

realizedthatifIsetmymindondoingsomething,Icouldachieveit.“可

知，作者意识到如吴自己下定决心做一件事的话，自己就会做到。由

此可推知，作者认为对于她来说实现一个目标的关键在于决心，故选

B项。

C

[2019•福建省质检]Australianadultswanttosee“lifeskillsw

introducedintoschoolcurriculums,includingmoneymanagement,job

preparationanddomestictasks.NewresearchfromMonashUniversity

showedAussieadultsalsowidelysupportedtheinclusionoftechnology,

codingandartificialintelligencesubjectsinstudentcurriculumsto

preparethemforfuturejobs.

Co-authorProfessorNeilSelwyn,fromMonash'snewEducation

Futuresthinktank,saidthesurveyresultsofmorethan2,000Australians

hadtakenhimselfandDrDeanaLeahybysurprise."Thelifeskills一I

wasn'texpectingthatatall,"hesaid.Thosequizzedwereaskedtorate

thevalueofalistofsubjectsalreadyinthecurriculum,butwerealso

givenanopenspacetowritewhattheythinkshouldbeincluded.Prof.

Selwynsaidpeoplecalledforschoolstoteachfinancialskills,budgeting,

cookinganddoingtaxes."Youcouldarguethatthesearethingspeople

shouldbelearningthemselves,orlearningfromtheirfamilies,“hesaid.

“Butwe'vegottobethinkingforwardintermsoftheskillspeoplewill

needforjobsandtheirwaysofliving.n

Onerespondentsaidschoolsshouldintroduceaucontemporarylife

skillsnsubject:"Acompulsory1-houraweekclassonskillsneeded

thatparentsseemcontinuallyunabletoteachtheirkids”.Suggestions

fortheclassincludedresumewriting,filingtaxreturnsandhealthclaims.

Anotherrespondentcalledforstudentstobetaught“generallifeskills”

asunfortunatelynotenoughkidswillhaveparentstoactuallybebothered

toeducatethemorsimplyparentsdon'tknowthemselves.

Ofthesubjects,mathswasthehighestranked(75.5percent),

followedcloselybyEnglish(74.8percent).Andwhilesciencewasthe

thirdhighestrankedsubject(46.2percent),itwasmorestrongly

supportedbythosewhoearnedhigherwagesandwere

university-educatedcomparedtolowerincomeearners.

Aspectsofschoollifeconsideredleastimportantwerestudents

havingfun,learningaboutthingsthatinterestedthemandbeinggiventhe

opportunitytobecreative.

体裁：说明文题材：教育主题：澳大利亚成年人想让“生活

技能”引进学校课程

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。来自莫纳什大学的新的研究

表明，澳大利亚成年人广泛支持将科技、人工智能等科目引入学校课

程，以让学生为未来的工作做好准备。

(难句分析】Thosequizzedwereaskedtoratethevalueofalist

ofsubjectsalreadyinthecurriculum,butwerealsogivenanopenspace

towritewhattheythinkshouldbeincluded.

分析：该句含有but连接的两个并列的结构，其中“what〔hey

thinkshouldbeincludedn为what引导的宾语从句,作及物动词write

的宾语。

译文：那些被询问者被要求评估已经在课程中的科目清单的价

值，但也被给予了一片空白处来写下他们认为应该包括在内的内容。

8.Whydidtheadultssuggestadding“lifeskills“toschool

curriculums?

A.Tovaryschoolcurriculums.

B.Toenrichstudents*schoollife.

C.Topreparestudentsforfutureworkandlife.

D.Tosaveparentsthetroubleofeducatingkids.

答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“Aussie

adultsalsowidelysupportedtheinclusionof...topreparethemforfuture

jobs”，并结合该段内容可知，澳大利亚成年人支持将“生活技能”

引入学校课程旨在让学生为他们未来的工作和生活做好准备，故C

项正确。

9.WhatdidProf.Selwynthinkoftheadults'suggestions?

A.Reasonable.B.Ridiculous.

C.Interesting.D.Impractical.

答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Youcould

arguethat...Butwe'vegottobethinkingforwardintermsoftheskills

peoplewillneedforjobsandtheirwaysoflivingv可推知，Selwyn教授

认为成年人将“生活技能”引入学校课程的建议是合乎情理的，故A

项正确。

10.WhatdoesParagraph3focuson?

A.Differencesofschoolsubjects.

B.Reasonsfortheschoolsurvey.

C.Opinionsfromthesurveyed.

D.Investigationsoftherespondents.

答案与解析：C考查段落大意。根据第三段第一句中的“One

respondentsaidschoolsshouldintroducea'contemporarylifeskills"

subjectv和第三句中的uAnotherrespondentcalledforstudentstobe

taught'generallifeskills'”可知，第三段主要介绍了被调查者的观

点，故C项正确。

11.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Thepresentcurriculumsaretoadults'taste.

B.Contemporarylifeskillsinvolveresumewriting.

C.Students1interestshavebeengreatlypromoted.

D.Theparentsquizzedthinkwellofschoollife.

答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第一、二句"One

respondentsaidschoolsshouldintroducea'contemporarylifeskills"

subject...includedresumewriting,filingtaxreturnsandhealthclaims”

可知，当代生活技能包括写简历、提交纳税申报单和健康索赔，故B

项正确。

D

[2019•太原期末]Fairytalespeifonnmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,

encourageimaginationandteachproblem-solvingskills.Theycanalso

providemorallessons,highlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthe

socialcodesthatlethumanbeingscoexistinharmony.Suchmoral

lessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butateamofresearchersat

GeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethe

fairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI(artificialintelligence)cantaketoits

cold,mechanicalheart.

Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowto

behaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproper

behaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature.Webelievestory

comprehensioninrobotscanpreventtheintelligentrobotsfromkilling

humanitywhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnames

intechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillGates.Thissystemis

called“Quixote”.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenuses

thosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.

Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstore

topurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonas

possible.Therobothasthreeoptions.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteract

withthestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;or

itcanstealthemedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives（指

示），therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansof

obtainingthemedicineistostealit.ButQuixoteoffersarewardfor

waitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentfor

stealingit.Inthisway,therobotwilllearnthemoralwaytobehaveon

thatoccasion.

Quixotewouldworkbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.

It'sababystepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorallessonsintorobots.

WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticular

society,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.

Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethe

mostefficientmeans.

体裁：说明文题材：科技主题：童话故事让机器人拥有道德

观念

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子

们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。

【难句分析】Theycanalsoprovidemorallessons,highlighting

thedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeings

coexistinharmony.

分析：该句为主从复合句。句中uthatlethumanbeingscoexistin

harmony”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词athesocialcodes,

that在从句中作主语；该句中uhighlightingthe.dangers...inharmony99

为现在分词短语作伴随状语。

译文：它们还可以提供道德经脸，强调不遵守让人类和谐共处的

社会准则的危险。

12.Whatfunctiondofairytalesperformintherobots?

A.Theyentertainrobots.

B.Theyhighlightdangers.

C.Theymakerobotsmoreintelligent.

D.Theyenablerobotstobehavemorally.

答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"ithasfounda

waytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI(artificialintelligence)

cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经

验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。

13.Whatis“Quixote”inthetext?

A.Apunishmentsystem.

B,Acharacterinliterature.

C.Abignameintechnology.

D.Akindofsoftwareeducatingrobots.

答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段最后两句“This

systemiscalled'Quixote'.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetand

thenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave”可知，这个系统被

称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来

教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的

软件，故D项正确。

14.Whatdoesthedesignerexpectrobotstodointheexperiment?

A.Totakeadvantageofitsprivilege.

B.Tofinishthetaskmostefficiently.

C.Toperforminawell-manneredway.

D.Toberewardedbythestorekeeper.

答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Webelieve

thatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andin

doingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehaviorn可推知,设计者

希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexpresstheauthor'sopinion?

A.Robotswilldefinitelyhavemorefunctions.

B.Robotswithhumans1emotionsareperfect.

C.Trainingrobotstobesociallyacceptableisnecessary.

D.Thedevelopmentofrobotsisstillinababystep.

答案与解析：C考查观点态度。根据笫四段中的“Webelieve

thatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andin

doingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehaviorv可知，我们认为

人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力

避免不可接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规

范是必要的，故C项正确。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选

项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

[2019•福建联考]Everyonecomplains.Evenifyouarguethatyou

arethehappiestpersonintheworld,youstillcomplainsometimes.

Sometimesyoucomplainwithoutevenrealizingit,butrarelyisitever

helpful.1Herearesometipstostopcomplainingandgiveupthe

negativethoughts.

2

Whenyoufindyourselfthinkingorsayinganegativecomment

aboutsomethingorsomeone,stopandforceyourselftosaysomething

positiveinstead.Seekthehelpofacheerfulfriendtochangeyouwhen

youcomplainandhelpyoutoseethepositiveinthesituation.

Makealistofthingsyouaregratefulfor.

Youoftencomplainaboutthethingsyoudon'thavewithoutnoticing

thosethingsyoualreadyhave.Begratefulforwhatyouhaveinyourlife

becauseyouareluckysimplyforbeingyourselves.—3

Learntoadapttothechanges.

Therearemanythingsyoucan*tchange.—4Alwaysfindthe

positivesideofeachsituation,regardlessofhoweverdifficultthe

situationis.Withparents'andfriends'support,youcansurviveanylife

changes.

Allowyourselftovent（发泄）yourfeelingseveryonceinawhile.

Constantlyignoringnegativethoughtscouldaddup.Ifyouarereal