主题21　物质与非物质文化遗产

5/5主题21物质与非物质文化遗产Ⅰ.阅读理解A（2026·甘肃模拟）Yes，There’saMuseumforThat！Nowadaysyoucanfindamuseumforabsolutelyeverythingandeveryone，fromtheInternationalBananaMuseumtotheNationalMustardMuseum.Herearesomeofthemostfascinatingmuseums.InternationalTennisHallofFame（ITHOF）inNewport，RhodeIslandwasbuiltonthesiteofthefirstUnitedStatesNationalLawnTennisChampionshipsin1881.AhighlightisaKingsCourtfor“courttennis”，whichisn’tsomuchatenniscourtbutanoff-kilterrectangularroomwithsurprisingslopesandangles.TensuchcourtsinNorthAmericacostapproximately3milliontomake，butvisitorstothemuseumcanrentitandplay.NationalComedyCenter（NCC）inJamestown，NewYorkislocatedinthehometownofLucilleBall.ItfeaturesexhibitslikeJoanRivers’sjokecatalog.Visitorscreatetheir“senseofhumorprofile”，whichisusedtocustomizetheircomedyexperiencethroughadevicecalledaLaughBand，beforetheygothroughtheturnstiles.SpamMuseum（SM）inAustin，Minnesotaisdedicatedsolelytotheprecookedmeatbrand，Spam.Thisfree14，000-square-footmuseumtellsthehistoryoftheHormelcompany，theoriginatorofSpam，anditsmarkontheworld.HighlightsincludeMontyPython’sfamous“Spam”sketchandfree“spamples”givenoutbyvolunteerguides，whoareknownastheSpambassadors.MuseumofMotherhood（MOM）inSt.Petersburg，Floridaisthefirstofitskind—amuseumandeducationalcentercoveringtheart，scienceandhistoryofmothers.Itprovidesinteractiveexperiencesliketryingonpregnancyveststohelpvisitorsunderstandtheexperienceofmotherhood.1.Whichmuseumoffersfreeadmission？（）A.SpamMuseum. B.MuseumofMotherhood.C.NationalComedyCenter. D.InternationalTennisHallofFame.2.HowdoesNCCprovidepersonalizedexperience？（）A.Throughaturnstile. B.Throughanexhibit.C.ThroughaLaughBand. D.Throughacomedyshow.3.Whatdothefourmuseumshaveincommon？（）A.Theysellexpensivetickets. B.TheyareintheUnitedStates.C.Theycanberentedbyvisitors. D.Theyprovidethesameactivities.BNestledalongtheshoresofLakeMergozzoinnorthernItalystandsa1960sarchitecturalrelicrebornasasanctuaryofretrocharm.Thehouse，constructedin1963duringItaly’spostwardesignrenaissance，hadlanguishedforyearsuntilHilaryBelleWalker—aSanFrancisco-bornvintagefashionentrepreneur—stumbleduponitslistingonaMilanreal-estateportalin2018.ThoughHilaryresidedinMilan，herfascinationwiththelakeregion’sunspoiledbeautycompelledhertopurchasethepropertysightunseen，relyingsolelyonphotographsandtrustedassociates’assessments.Restorationposeduniquechallenges.Whilepreservingoriginalelementslikepistachio-greenterrazzo（水磨石）floorsandmid-centurywoodpaneling（镶板），Hilarystrategicallysourcedperiod-accuratedécor.ShecombedEuropeanfleamarketsfordiscontinuedSwedishfloralwallpaperfrom1965andsalvagedunusedavocado-tonedbathroomfixturesfromashutteredTurinwarehouse.ThelivingareajuxtaposestworareMissoniwoolrugs—oneunearthedataFrenchestatesale，theotherfromaBergamoantiquedealer—theirgeometricpatternsechoingthehome’srecurringplum-and-moss-greenpalette.Adaringmaroonceilinginstallationmodernizestheretroaestheticwithoutovershadowingvintagefoundations.Thelakesidesettingdictateddesignchoices.Aslidingglasswall—anengineeringfeatforitstime—openstoabalconyretainingoriginalhexagonalcementtiles，framingpanoramiclakevistas.Outdoors，atwo-tonnesandstonetablehauledfromadisusedAlpinequarrynowanchorsalfresco（户外的）gatheringsunderacentury-oldoak.HiddenacrosstheadjacentgravelroadliesHilary’scoupdegrâce：asecludedpebblebeachaccessibleviaacamouflagedpath，wheredawnswimsoccurinnear-totalsolitude.Lifestylecontrastswithurbanmodernitydefinethehome’sethos.WhileHilary’sMilanapartmentbuzzeswithdigitalconveniences，herea1963Garrardturntablespinsjazzvinyls，andaboxyPhilipsDVDplayerreplacesstreamingservices.ProvisionscomeexclusivelyfromMergozzo’sfamily-runbottega（作坊），adheringtoHilary’sphilosophyof“slowconsumption”.Thisintentionaldisconnectextendstotheregion’sculturalhybridity：Swiss-Germanicinfluencespermeatelocaldialectsandcustoms，alegacyofcross-bordertraditions.Criticsmightquestionthepracticalityofsuchmeticulousrestoration，particularlythedecisiontoretainoriginalsingle-panewindowsdespitetheirthermalinefficiency.ForHilary，however，authenticitytrumpsmodernity.“Theflawsareheirlooms，”sheinsists，notinghowwinterfrostpatternsontheglassrecaptureherchildhoodmemoriesofLakeTahoe.Eventhemasterbedroom’screakyparquetflooring—atrippinghazardbycontemporarystandards—remainsuntouched，itsimperfectionsdeemednarrativeartifacts.4.WhatwasHilary’skeyprincipleinselectingmaterialsduringrestoration？（）A.Prioritizingmodernconvenience. B.Balancingaestheticswithfunctionality.C.Sourcingmaterialsmatchingthehistoricalcontext. D.Strictlyusingoriginal1960scomponents.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHilary’sattitudetowardmoderntechnologyinthelakehouse？（）A.Shedeliberatelyavoidsittopreservehistoricalauthenticity. B.Sheembracesitcautiouslytobalanceaestheticsandfunction.C.Sheprioritizesaffordabilityovertechnologicaladvancements. D.Sheincorporatesitminimallyduetolimitedlocalresources.6.Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheparagraph3？（）A.TocontrastarchitecturalstylesbetweenMilanandLakeMergozzo. B.Toexplainhownaturalsurroundingsguideddesigndecisions.C.Tocriticizetheimpracticalityofpreservingoutdatedmaterials. D.Toemphasizethefinancialchallengesoftherestorationprocess.7.Whichstatementbestcapturesthecentralthemeofthepassage？（）A.Architecturalpreservationrequiressacrificingmoderncomforts. B.PostwarItalianarchitectureholdsunmatchedhistoricalsignificance.C.Culturalidentitycanbewovenintodesignthroughintentionalcuration. D.Lakesidepropertiesdemandconstantmodernizationforfunctionality.CArchitectshavelongturnedtothepastforinspiration.Inthisageofconcreteandsteel，however，they’remorelikelytolookforaesthetic（美学的）influencethantechnicalknow-how.ButanancientChineseconstructiontechniquecalleddougongisaremarkableexception.Consistingofaseriesofwoodenbrackets（支架）withnonailsorfasteners，it’sover2，500yearsoldandcommonlyfoundinChinesearchitecture，suchasBeijing’sForbiddenCity.ManystructuresbuiltduringtheTangandSongdynastiesfeatured“curtainwalls”whichwerenon-load-bearing.Asaresult，theunsupportedwoodshoulderingtheweightmightbreak.Designersneededatechniquewhichwouldmoreevenlyspreadtheburdenacrosstheirstructures.Theirsolutionwasdougong.EngineeringhascomealongwaysincetheancientChinesebuildingtechniquewasinfashion.Butthere’satimelessqualitytoit.Modern-daydesignersinmanyareasareadoptingittoproduceamazingandstableworkofarchitecture.AmongthemisJapanesearchitectKengoKuma，whouseddougong-inspiredmethodsforhisrecentbuildings：YusuharaWoodenBridgeMuseumandCaféKureon，a2，120-square-footrestaurant.ForarchitectTerrenceCurry，theattractionofusingancientmethodsisaboutfindingsomethingthatcan“speaktoChineseidentity”.HisstructureDougongCube，nowpartoftheSchoolofArchitecture，TsinghuaUniversityinBeijing，wasconstructedusingclassical-stylebracketsandover2，000boards.“Ithasfundamentalstructuresofdougong，butwejustaren’tusingitinthewayitwasintendedtobeused.We’rereallypullingitout—emphasizingitsbeautyandcomplexity，andthewayitworks，”saidCurry.“Theshapeandfunctionofdougongisdirectlyrelatedtopropertiesofwood，andtheabilityofpeoplewhomakethesebuildings.Inthisway，there’slittleneedfordecorationbecausethestructureanddesigngiveititsdistinctivelook.”8.Whyisdougongconsideredanexception？（）A.Ithasexistedforaverylongtime. B.Itkeepsstablewithnoconcreteorsteel.C.Itwasignoredbyarchitectsinthepast.D.Itmeetsbothstructuralanddecorativeneeds.9.Whatwasthefunctionofdougonginancienttimes？（）A.Tobeautifythestructures. B.Toavoidnailsandfasteners.C.Todistributeweightofbuildings. D.Toreplaceunstablecurtainwalls.10.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningKengoKuma’sbuildings？（）A.Dougongholdslastingappeal. B.Dougongmakesforgreatbuildings.C.Dougongdeserveswiderecognition. D.Dougongplaysabigroleinengineering.11.WhatcanbelearnedaboutDougongCube？（）A.ItaimstoexploreChineseidentity. B.It’smorecomplexthancommonstructures.C.Itreproducestraditionaluseofdougong. D.It’sacombinationoftraditionandinnovation.Ⅱ.阅读七选五（2026·长沙适应性考试）AccordingtoscientistShirleyMueller，collectingfeedsthepleasurecenterofthebrain，butwithoutthedrawbacksofalcoholorsmoking.“12.，”saysMueller.“Andit’salsoawayforthecollectortotemporarilyletgooftheburdensintheirlivesandfindjoyinthemoment.”13..Morethan100，000yearsago，ourancestorssearchedforstones，shells，andotheruselessobjectsjustastheyhuntedforfood.Inmoderntimes，whilesomepeoplecollectasastatementofwhotheyare，otherscollectasaninvestmentorasourceofpleasure.Collectingrequiresattainingknowledge.Youhavetofigureoutwhereyoucanfindthedesireditems，whatthey’reworth，andhowyouwillorganizeanddisplayyourcollections.Thoseactivitiesstimulateareasofthebraininvolvedinitsfunctioning，skillsthatincludeworkingmemory，multitasking，andcontrollingimpulse（冲动）.14..Onaphysiologicallevel