2025-2026年部编版高二英语第1单元语法填空专项题库

2025-2026年部编版高二英语第1单元语法填空专项题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewEnglishtextbookforseniorhighschoolstudentsin2025-2026editionincludesaunitfocusedongrammarfill-in-the-blanks,whichaimstoimprovestudents'abilitytouse______incontext.A.irregularverbsB.relativeclausesC.passivevoiceD.conditionalsentences解析：本题考查教材内容理解。题干明确指出2025-2026版高中英语教材第1单元重点为语法填空，旨在提升学生在语境中运用何种语法的能力。根据部编版高二英语教材编排逻辑，第1单元通常以基础时态和从句为主，其中关系从句是填空题高频考点，故B项正确。A项（不规则动词）虽重要但非单元核心；C项（被动语态）和D项（条件句）虽在教材中涉及，但第1单元更侧重基础结构，故排除。2.WhenfillinginblanksinEnglishpassages,studentsshouldpayattentionto______todeterminethecorrectformoftheverb.A.thesubject-verbagreementB.thefrequencyofthewordC.theauthor'semotionaltoneD.thelengthofthesentence解析：本题考查语法填空核心技巧。语法填空的核心是动词形式判断，而动词形式必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致原则，故A项正确。B项（词频）、C项（作者情感）和D项（句子长度）均与动词形式无关，故排除。3.Inthesentence"ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting,"theword"which"functionsasa______.A.mainverbB.relativepronounC.prepositionD.adverbial解析：本题考查关系从句知识。题干中的"which"引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词"book"，在从句中作主语，符合关系代词的用法，故B项正确。A项（谓语动词）错误，因为"bought"是谓语；C项（介词）错误，因为"which"不能直接跟名词；D项（状语）错误，因为"which"不修饰整个句子。4.Iftheblankinasentencerequiresapastparticiple,studentsshouldcheckwhethertheverbisusedina______oran______structure.A.passive;activeB.continuous;perfectC.perfect;continuousD.relative;conditional解析：本题考查非谓语动词。过去分词可用于被动语态（be+过去分词）或完成时态（have/has/had+过去分词），故A项正确。B项（进行时与完成时）未完整表述；C项（完成时与进行时）顺序错误；D项（关系从句与条件句）与分词用法无关。5.Theunit1grammarfill-in-the-blanksexerciseoftenincludesblanksforarticles,wherestudentsmustdecidewhethertouse"a,""an,"or"the"basedon______.A.thefrequencyofthenounB.theabstractnessofthenounC.thedefinitenessofthenounD.thelengthofthenoun解析：本题考查冠词用法。冠词填空的核心是判断名词的确定性，"a/an"用于泛指，"the"用于特指，故C项正确。A项（词频）、B项（抽象性）和D项（词长）均与冠词选择无关。6.Whenablankrequiresacomparativeadjective,studentsshouldpayattentiontotheword"______"toindicateacomparisonbetweentwothings.A.thanB.asC.soD.very解析：本题考查比较级用法。比较级常与"than"连用表示两者对比，如"biggerthan"，故A项正确。B项（"as"用于同级比较）、C项（"so"用于程度副词）、D项（"very"用于强调形容词原级）均不符合比较级结构。7.Inthesentence"Sheisthemostintelligentstudentinherclass,"theword"most"functionsasa______.A.verbB.determinerC.prepositionD.conjunction解析：本题考查限定词。题干中的"most"修饰形容词"intelligent"，表示最高级，属于限定词（determiner）的一种，故B项正确。A项（动词）错误，因为"most"不能独立作谓语；C项（介词）错误，因为"most"不跟名词构成介词短语；D项（连词）错误，因为"most"不连接句子成分。8.Theunit1grammarfill-in-the-blanksmayincludeblanksforconjunctionslike"______"toconnecttwoindependentclausesintoacompoundsentence.A.becauseB.soC.butD.when解析：本题考查并列连词。题干要求填入连接两个独立分句的并列连词，"but"表示转折关系，符合要求，故C项正确。A项（"because"为从属连词）、B项（"so"为从属连词）、D项（"when"为从属连词）均不符合并列句结构。9.Ifablankrequiresathird-personsingularpresenttenseverb,studentsshouldaddan"-s"or"-es"totheverbifitendsin______,______,orconsonant+"y".A.ashortvowel;adoubleconsonantB.avowel;aconsonantC.x;zD.s;c解析：本题考查第三人称单数规则。第三人称单数动词变位规则为：以辅音字母+y结尾时加"-s"（如"study"→"studies"），以s,x,z结尾时加"-es"（如"box"→"boxes"），故C项正确。A项（短元音与双辅音）和B项（元音与辅音）未完整表述；D项（s与c）仅涉及部分规则。10.Theunit1grammarfill-in-the-blanksoftenincludesblanksforprepositions,wherestudentsmustchoosethecorrectprepositiontoshowtherelationshipbetweentwonouns,suchas"______"or"______".A.in;onB.at;toC.with;withoutD.for;by解析：本题考查介词用法。题干要求填入表示关系的介词，"in"表示容器或抽象空间（如"inthebox"），"on"表示表面（如"onthetable"），故A项正确。B项（"at"用于时间点）、C项（"with/without"表示伴随/缺失）、D项（"for/by"表示目的/方式）均不符合题干语境。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthesentence"Thegirl______livesnextdoorismybestfriend,"theword"______"isarelativepronounthatintroducesanon-restrictiveclause.2.Toformthepastperfecttense,studentsshouldusethestructure"______+had+pastparticiple,"whichindicatesanactioncompletedbeforeanotherpastaction.3.Thearticle"______"isusedbeforesingularcountablenounswhentheyareintroducedforthefirsttimeinatext.4.Inthesentence"Sheistallerthanme,"theword"______"isacomparativeadjectiveusedtoshowadirectcomparisonbetweentwopeople.5.Theconjunction"______"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauseswithacontrastingrelationship.6.Ifablankrequiresathird-personsingularpresenttenseverb,butthebaseformendsinaconsonant,studentsshouldaddan"-s"or"-es"totheverb,suchas"______"(base:"work").7.Thepreposition"______"isusedtoindicatethelocationofanobjectonasurface.8.Inthesentence"Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears,"theverb"______"isinthepresentperfecttense,whichcombinesthepresenttensewithapastaction.9.Theword"______"isusedtoindicatethetimewhenanactionwilltakeplaceinthefuture,suchas"Iwillmeetyouat5o'clock."10.Theunit1grammarfill-in-the-blanksoftenincludesblanksfor______,whicharewordsthatintroduceprepositionalphrasesandshowrelationshipsbetweennounsorpronouns.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthesentence"Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor,"theword"who"isarelativepronounthatfunctionsasthesubjectoftheclause.(正确)解析：关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，指代"man"，符合语法规则。2.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.(正确)解析：过去完成时表示"过去的过去"的动作，如"hadfinished"表示在"wenttobed"之前完成，逻辑正确。3.Thearticle"the"isalwaysusedbeforesingularcountablenouns.(错误)解析：不定冠词"a/an"用于泛指，如"abook"；特指时用"the"，如"thebookonthetable"。4.Thecomparativeadjective"more"isusedtoshowagreaterdegreeofqualitybetweentwothings.(错误)解析："more"用于修饰多音节形容词或副词，如"morebeautiful"；双音节形容词比较级通常加"-er"，如"bigger"。5.Theconjunction"and"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauseswithacause-and-effectrelationship.(错误)解析："and"表示并列关系，如"heistallandhandsome"；因果关系用"so"或"because"。6.Ifablankrequiresathird-personsingularpresenttenseverb,butthebaseformendsin"-o,"studentsshouldadd"-es"totheverb.(错误)解析：以"-o"结尾的动词变位规则是直接加"-s"，如"go"→"goes"。7.Thepreposition"in"isusedtoindicatethelocationofanobjectonasurface.(错误)解析："in"表示容器内或抽象空间，如"inthebox"；表示表面用"on"，如"onthebox"。8.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepast.(正确)解析：如"havelived"表示从过去持续到现在的动作，时间不具体。9.Theword"because"isusedtoindicatethetimewhenanactionwilltakeplaceinthefuture.(错误)解析："because"表示原因，如"heistiredbecausehestudiedlate"；表示将来时间用"will"或"begoingto"。10.Theunit1grammarfill-in-the-blanksmayincludeblanksforadverbs,whichmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.(正确)解析：如"very"（修饰形容词）、"too"（修饰副词）等，符合语法填空范围。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthefunctionofarelativepronouninasentence.参考答案：Relativepronouns(who,whom,whose,which,that)introducerelativeclausesandcanfunctionassubjects,objects,orpossessivesintheclause.Forexample,in"ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting,""that"istherelativepronoun,actingasthesubjectof"isinteresting."解析：关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或所有格，如"that"在"bookthatIbought"中作主语。2.Describethestructureofthepresentperfecttense.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisformedwith"have/has+pastparticiple."Itcombinesthepresenttensewithapastaction,suchas"Ihavefinishedmyhomework."解析：现在完成时由"have/has+过去分词"构成，表示过去动作对现在的影响。3.Whyisitimportanttousethecorrectarticle(a/an/the)inEnglish?参考答案：Articlesindicatewhetheranounisgeneral(a/an)orspecific(the).Usingthecorrectarticleaffectsthemeaningofthesentence.Forexample,"acat"(anycat)vs."thecat"(aspecificcat).解析：冠词区分泛指与特指，如"abook"（任意一本书）vs."thebook"（特定的那本书）。4.Howdoyouformthecomparativedegreeofanadjective?参考答案：Forone-syllableadjectives,add"-er"(e.g.,"big"→"bigger").Fortwo-syllableadjectivesendingin"-y,"change"y"to"i"andadd"-er"(e.g.,"happy"→"happier").解析：单音节形容词加"-er"；双音节词以"-y"结尾时，变"-ier"，如"happy→happier"。5.Whatisthedifferencebetweenaconjunctionandapreposition?参考答案：Conjunctions(e.g.,"and,""but")connectwords,phrases,orclauses.Prepositions(e.g.,"in,""on")showrelationshipsbetweennouns/pronounsandotherwords.解析：连词连接句子成分，介词引出介词短语，如"onthetable"中"on"是介词。6.Whydothird-personsingularverbsneedan"-s"or"-es"inthepresenttense?参考答案：Inthepresentsimpletense,verbsmustagreewiththesubject.Ifthesubjectisthird-personsingular(he/she/it/they),theverbendsin"-s"or"-es"(e.g.,"works,""likes").解析：主谓一致原则要求第三人称单数动词变位，如"heworks"。7.Howdoyouusethepreposition"for"inasentence?参考答案："For"indicatesduration(e.g.,"forfiveminutes")orpurpose(e.g.,"Istudyforexams").Itisnotusedtoshowlocation.解析："for"表示时间长度或目的，如"fortwohours"（时长）或"forfun"（目的）。8.Whatisthepurposeofanon-restrictiverelativeclause?参考答案：Anon-restrictiverelativeclauseprovidesextrainformationaboutanounbutisnotessentialtothemeaningofthesentence.Itissetoffbycommas(e.g.,"Mybrother,wholivesinLondon,isadoctor.").解析：非限制性定语从句补充信息，如"Mybrother,whoismyoldersister'shusband,isadoctor."（逗号隔开）。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb"togo":"She______tothelibraryyesterdaybecausesheneededabook."参考答案：went解析：时态为过去时，主语"she"是第三人称单数，动词变位为"went"。2.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectarticle:"______appleonthetableismine."参考答案：The解析：特指"appleonthetable"，用"the"。3.Completethesentencewiththecorrectcomparativeadjective:"Thiscaris______thanthatone."参考答案：faster解析：比较级结构，"than"后用形容词比较级"fast"→"faster"。4.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectconjunction:"Iwanttostudy,______Iamtootired."参考答案：but解析：连接两个独立分句，表示转折关系，用"but"。5.Completethesentencewiththecorrectthird-personsingularpresenttenseverb:"He______toworkeveryday."参考答案：goes解析：主语"he"是第三人称单数，动词变位为"goes"。6.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectpreposition:"Thebookis______theshelf."参考答案：on解析：表示物体在表面上，用"on"。7.Completethesentencewiththecorrectpresentperfecttenseverb:"She______herhomeworkyet."参考答案：hasfinished解析：现在完成时结构"have/has+过去分词"，主语"she"用"hasfinished"。8.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectrelativepronoun:"Thegirl______Ispoketoismyfriend."参考答案：who解析：关系代词在从句中作主语，指代"girl"，用"who"。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.B4.A5.C6.A7.B8.C9.C10.A解析：2.关系从句是第1单元重点，B项正确。3.主谓一致是填空核心，A项正确。4."which"在从句中作主语，B项正确。5.过去分词用于被动/完成时，A项正确。6.冠词选择基于确定性，C项正确。7.比较级常与"than"连用，A项正确。8.最高级限定词属于限定词，B项正确。9."but"表示转折，C项正确。10.第三人称单数规则以x/z结尾加"-es"，C项正确。11."in/on"表示位置，A项正确。二、填空题1.which;which2.had3.the4.taller5.but6.works7.on8.hasfinished9.at10.prepositions解析：2."who"在从句中作主语，"which"引导非限制性从句。3.过去完成时结构"had+过去分词"。4.特指名词前用"the"。5.比较级结构"thanme"。6."but"连接转折分句。7.第三人称单数"works"。8."on"表示表面位置。9.现在完成时"have/has+过去分词"。10."at"表示时间点。11.介词引出介词短语。三、判断题1.√2.√3.×4.×5.×6.×7.×8.√9.×10.√解析：2.关系代词功能正确。3.过去完成时定义正确。4.冠词使用有泛指情况，故错误。5.比较级结构应为"morebeautiful"，故错误。6."and"表示并列，故错误。7."-o"结尾动词直接加"-s"，故错误。8."in"表示容器内，故错误。9.现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，故正确。10."because"表示原因，故错误。11.介词是填空常见考点，故正确。四、简答题1.Relativepronounsintroducerelativeclausesandfunctionassubjects,objects,orpossessives.Forexample,in"ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting,""that"isthesubjectof"isinteresting.