2026年云南考研英语考试试卷真题答案解析

-2026年云南考研英语考试试卷真题答案解析PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.（）AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案：C解析：考查时态。句意：当你到达车站时，火车已经开走了。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句使用一般现在时（arrive）表示将来，主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。因此选C。（2）Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.（）AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleaves答案：C解析：考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句使用一般现在时（arrive），主句通常使用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。结构为'willhave+过去分词'。因此选C。（3）Heis____honestboythateveryonelikeshim.（）AsoBsuchCveryDtoo答案：B解析：考查so/such的区别。结构为"such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that..."或"so+adj.+a/an+n.+that..."。此处中心词是名词boy，且有形容词honest修饰，符合such的用法结构：suchanhonestboy。若用so，语序应为sohonestaboy。（4）Notonly______interestedinfootball,buthealsoplaysitverywell.（）AheisBisheChewasDwashe答案：B解析：考查倒装句。当Notonly...but(also)...连接两个分句，且Notonly位于句首时，前一个分句需要使用部分倒装结构，即将助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语之前。根据后半句的plays可知时态为一般现在时，主语为he，故系动词用is并提前。因此选B。（5）HardlyhadIenteredtheroom______thephonerang.（）AthanBwhenCasDwhile答案：B解析：本题考查倒装句和固定搭配。'Hardly...when...'是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”，当hardly位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。与之类似的搭配是'Nosooner...than...'。本句中Hardly已置于句首，hadIentered为倒装结构，故后半部分应搭配when。因此选B。（6）Themanagerdemandedthatalltheemployees______attheofficebefore9o'clock.（）AbeBareCwillbeDwere答案：A解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在表示建议、命令、要求、坚持等意义的动词（如demand,suggest,order,insist,require等）后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需使用虚拟语气，即'(should)+动词原形'，should可以省略。句中demanded表示要求，故从句谓语用(should)be。句意：经理要求所有员工在9点前到达办公室。故选A。（7）Themanager,aswellashisassistants,______presentatthemeetingyesterday.（）AwasBwereCisDare答案：A解析：本题考查主谓一致。当主语后跟有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,ratherthan等短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由前面的主语决定。本题中主语是Themanager（单数），且时间状语为yesterday（过去时），故谓语动词应用单数过去式was。（8）Notonly______interestedinfootballbut______beginningtoshowaninterestinit.（）Atheteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsareBtheteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudentsCistheteacherhimself;areallhisstudentsDistheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare答案：D解析：本题考查倒装句。'Notonly...butalso...'连接两个分句时，如果'Notonly'位于句首，前一个分句需要部分倒装（即助动词/系动词提前），后一个分句不需要倒装。因此，第一空应为'istheteacherhimself'（倒装），第二空应为'allhisstudentsare'（正常语序）。故选D。（9）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。分析句子结构可知，逗号前为非谓语动词短语作状语，其逻辑主语应与主句主语一致。主句主语是'thesouthfootofthemountain'（山的南麓）。山是被看的对象，因此see与主语之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词Seen。句意：从塔顶看去，山的南麓是一片树的海洋。故选B。（10）____itrainstomorrow,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.（）AIncaseBEvenifCAsifDOnlyif答案：A解析：本题考查连词辨析。句意：____明天下雨，我们将不得不取消野餐。Incase意为“万一”，符合预防性的语境。Evenif（即使）表让步，Asif（好像）表方式，Onlyif（只有当）表条件但语气较强。此处Incase最自然。故选A。（11）Bythetimehearrivesattheairport,theplane______.（）AwilltakeoffBhastakenoffCwillhavetakenoffDtookoff答案：C解析：考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句使用一般现在时表将来（arrives），主句通常使用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意：当他到达机场时，飞机将已经起飞了。故选C。（12）______hewastired,hecontinuedtoworklateintothenight.（）ABecauseBAlthoughCIfDUnless答案：B解析：本题考查连词辨析。句意为“虽然他很累，但他继续工作到深夜”。前后分句之间存在转折或让步关系。Because表示原因；Although表示让步，意为“虽然，尽管”；If表示条件；Unless意为“除非”。根据句意逻辑，应选用Although引导让步状语从句。因此选B。（13）Itisessentialthateverystudent______thesafetyregulationsbeforeenteringthelaboratory.（）AknowsBknewCknowDhasknown答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在"Itis+adj.(essential,important,necessary,vital,etc.)+that..."句型中，that从句中的谓语动词应采用"(should)+动词原形"的形式，其中should可以省略。因此，这里应填know。（14）Itisessentialthateverystudent______preparedforthefinalexam.（）AisBbeCwillbeDwas答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在'Itisessential/necessary/important+that...'句型中，that引导的主语从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气，即'(should)+动词原形'，其中should可以省略。因此这里应填be。故选B。（15）Theteacherdemandedthatthestudents____silentduringtheexam.（）AkeepBkeptCkeepingDtokeep答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。在demand,require,insist,suggest等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略。因此填(should)keep，故选A。（16）Notonly______interestedinfootballbutalso______anactiveplayer.（）Aheis;heisBishe;heisCheis;isheDishe;ishe答案：B解析：考查倒装句。'Notonly...butalso...'连接两个分句时，如果'Notonly'位于句首，则其所在的分句需要使用部分倒装语序，即将助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语之前；而'butalso'引导的分句保持正常语序。第一空所在分句'Notonly___interested'需倒装，变为'ishe'；第二空所在分句'butalso___anactiveplayer'保持陈述语序'heis'。句意：他不仅对足球感兴趣，而且是一名积极的球员。故选B。（17）Thenewpolicywillcomeinto_______onthefirstdayofnextmonth.（）AeffectBaffectCeffortDafford答案：A解析：本题考查名词辨析及固定短语。comeintoeffect是固定短语，意为“生效，实施”。affect是动词，意为“影响”；effort意为“努力”；afford是动词，意为“买得起，承担得起”。根据句意“新政策将于下月第一天生效”，应选A。（18）Themanagersuggestedthattheplan______atonce.（）AcarriedoutBbecarriedoutCwouldbecarriedoutDcarryout答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气和被动语态。动词suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，即"(should)+动词原形"。同时，plan（计划）与carryout（执行）之间是被动关系，所以需要使用被动语态"(should)becarriedout"。句意：经理建议立即执行该计划。故选B。（19）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextFriday.（）ApostponeBwaspostponedCbepostponedDwouldbepostponed答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：经理建议会议推迟到下周五。动词suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"。此外，meeting（会议）与postpone（推迟）之间是被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态"(should)bepostponed"。should省略后即为bepostponed。故选C。（20）BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we______inEuropefortwoweeks.（）AshallstayBhavestayedCwillhavestayedDhadstayed答案：C解析：本题考查时态。句意：当你到达伦敦时，我们在欧洲已经待了两周了。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句使用一般现在时（arrive）表示将来，主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。因此选C。（21）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextFriday.（）AbepostponedBwaspostponedCpostponedDwouldbepostponed答案：A解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在suggest,order,demand,require,request,command,insist等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需要使用'(should)+动词原形'的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略。此外，meeting与postpone之间是被动关系，故使用被动语态(should)bepostponed。句意：经理建议会议推迟到下周五。（22）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCHavingseenDTosee答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语是thesouthfootofthemountain（山南麓），它与动词see之间是被动关系（山南麓被看），因此应使用过去分词Seen作状语，表示被动和完成。Seeing和Havingseen表示主动，Tosee表示目的或将来，均不符合语境。故选B。（23）Thenewpolicyhashadasignificant______onthelocaleconomy.（）AeffectBaffectCeffortDafford答案：A解析：本题考查名词辨析及固定搭配。haveaneffecton...意为“对……产生影响”，其中effect是名词。affect通常作动词，意为“影响”；effort意为“努力”；afford意为“买得起，承担得起”。根据句意和空格前的冠词a及形容词significant，此处需填入名词effect。句意：新政策对当地经济产生了显著影响。（24）Itisessentialthateverystudent______theexamrulescarefullybeforeenteringthehall.（）AreadsBreadCwillreadDhasread答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在"Itisessential/necessary/importantthat..."句型中，that引导的主语从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气，即"(should)+动词原形"，should可以省略。因此选B。（25）Bythetimeyougettotheairport,theplane______.（）AwilltakeoffBhastakenoffCwillhavetakenoffDtookoff答案：C解析：本题考查将来完成时。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句若使用一般现在时表将来，主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。句意为：“当你到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。”PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Bythetimeyougettotheairport,theplane______(take)off.答案：willhavetaken解析：考查时态。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句若使用一般现在时表将来，主句通常使用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。结构为"willhave+过去分词"。take的过去分词为taken，故填willhavetaken。（2）Thenumberofstudentsinourclass______(be)50.答案：is解析：考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，中心词是number，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式。而“Anumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。此处指学生的数量是50，故填is。（3）Bythetimeyougettothestation,thetrain______(leave).答案：willhaveleft解析：考查时态。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来，主句通常使用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。故填willhaveleft。（4）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(put)offuntilnextweek.答案：(should)beput解析：考查虚拟语气。在suggest,advise,order,demand等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。此处meeting与putoff之间是被动关系，故填(should)beput。（5）Despitetheheavyrain,thefootballmatchcontinuedas______(schedule).答案：scheduled解析：考查固定搭配及过去分作表语/状语。句意：尽管雨下得很大，足球比赛仍按计划进行。asscheduled是固定搭配，意为“按照预定计划”，相当于asitwasscheduled。（6）Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案：arguing解析：考查固定句型。Itisnousedoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。故填arguing。（7）IfI______(be)you,Iwouldaccepttheofferimmediately.答案：were解析：考查虚拟语气。在if引导的非真实条件句中，如果表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词应用过去式。be动词在虚拟语气中通常统一用were，不管主语是人称单数还是复数。（8）IwishI____abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky.答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，谓语动词用过去式。be动词在虚拟语气中通常统一用were，不管人称。句意：我希望我是一只鸟（实际上不是）。（9）____youhavefinishedyourhomework,youcangoouttoplay.答案：Nowthat解析：本题考查连词短语。Nowthat意为“既然”，引导原因状语从句，符合语境“既然你已经完成了作业，就可以出去玩了”。（10）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(postpone)untilnextFriday.答案：(should)bepostponed（11）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(put)offuntilnextFriday.答案：(should)beput解析：虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。解析：当suggest,advise,order,demand,require,request,command,insist等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气，结构为“(should)+动词原形”。在本句中，suggest意为“建议”，meeting（会议）与putoff（推迟）之间是被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态。故填(should)beput。其中should可以省略。（12）Nomatterhowhardhetried,hecouldn'tmakehimself______(understand).答案：understood解析：考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。makeoneself+过去分词，意为“使某人被……”。此处himself与understand之间是被动关系（他使自己被理解），因此使用过去分词understood作宾语补足语。（13）Themanagerinsistedthatthereport______(finish)byFriday.答案：(should)befinished解析：考查虚拟语气和被动语态。insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语结构为"(should)+动词原形"。report与finish之间是被动关系，因此使用被动语态befinished。should可以省略。故填(should)befinished。（14）Thenumberofstudentsinourschool______(be)increasingyearbyyear.答案：is解析：考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，中心词是Number，意为“……的数量”，谓语动词应用单数形式。而“Anumberof+复数名词”作主语时，意为“许多”，谓语动词用复数。此处根据increasing可知描述的是当前状态或趋势，且主语核心为单数，故填is。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）Theimpactoftechnologyoneducationhasbeenprofound.Digitaltoolshavetransformedthewaystudentsaccessinformationandinteractwithteachers.Onlineplatformsallowforpersonalizedlearningexperiences,cateringtoindividual1______andpacing.Thisflexibilityenablesstudentstolearnattheirownspeed,whichcanreducestressandincreaseengagement.However,thedigitaldivideremainsasignificantconcern.Notallstudentshaveequalaccesstodevicesorhigh-speedinternet,creating2______ineducationalopportunities.Educatorsmuststrivetobridgethisgapbyprovidingresourcesandsupporttothoseinneed.Furthermore,whiletechnologyoffersvastamountsofdata,itisessentialtoteachstudentshowtoevaluatethe3______ofinformationcritically.Inanageofmisinformation,criticalthinkingskillsaremoreimportantthanever.Byintegratingtechnologythoughtfully,schoolscanpreparestudentsforafuturewheredigital4______isafundamentalskill.Ultimately,thegoalistousetechnologytoempowerlearnersandpromoteequitable5______forall.答案：1.needs2.inequalities3.credibility4.literacy5.access解析：本文探讨了科技对教育的深远影响，包括个性化学习的优势以及数字鸿沟带来的不平等。文章强调需要弥合差距，培养学生评估信息可信度的批判性思维，并提升数字素养，以促进教育公平。答案解析：1.needs：catertoindividualneeds是固定搭配，意为满足个人“需求”。2.inequalities：前文提到不是所有学生都有同等访问权，这造成了教育机会的“不平等”。3.credibility：在虚假信息时代，评估信息的“可信度”至关重要。4.literacy：digitalliteracy意为“数字素养”，是现代社会的基本技能。5.access：promoteequitableaccess意为促进公平的“访问权/机会”，呼应前文的digitaldivide。（2）Climatechangeisoneofthemostseriouschallengesfacingtheworldtoday.Theearth'stemperatureisrisingduetothegreenhouseeffect.Thisphenomenonismainlycausedbyhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation.Asaresult,extremeweathereventslikefloodsanddroughtsarebecomingmore1______.Scientistswarnthatifwedonottakeimmediateaction,theconsequenceswillbe2______.Manyspeciesofanimalsandplantsarealreadyatriskofextinctionbecausetheirhabitatsarebeingdestroyed.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtofindsolutions,butindividualactionsarealso3______.Wecanreduceourcarbonfootprintbyusingpublictransportation,recycling,andsavingenergy.Everysmallstepcountsinthefightagainstclimatechange.Itiscrucialthatweallworktogetherto4______ourplanetforfuturegenerations.Ifwefailtoactnow,wemayfaceafuturethatisdifficultto5______.答案：1.frequent2.severe3.essential4.protect5.imagine解析：本文关于气候变化。1.极端天气事件变得“更加频繁”，frequent符合语境。2.如果不采取行动，后果将是“严重的”，severe修饰consequences。3.个人行动也是“必不可少的”，essential表示必要性。4.共同努力是为了“保护”地球，protect符合语义。5.未来可能难以“想象”，difficulttoimagine是常用表达。（3）Manypeoplefindithardtogetenoughsleep.Lackofsleepcanleadtoserioushealthproblems.Itaffectsyourmoodandmakesyoufeel1______.Studiesshowthatadultsneedaboutseventoninehoursofsleepeachnight.However,modernlifeoftengetsintheway.PeoplestayuplatewatchingTVorusingtheirphones.Thebluelightfromscreenscan2______theproductionofmelatonin,ahormonethathelpsyousleep.Toimproveyoursleepquality,expertssuggestcreatingaregularbedtimeroutine.Youshouldtrytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday,evenonweekends.Avoiddrinkingcoffeeorteaintheeveningbecausecaffeinecankeepyou3______.Instead,tryreadingabookorlisteningtosoftmusic.Makingyourbedroomdark,quiet,andcoolcanalsohelp.Ifyoufollowthesetips,youwilllikelyfeelmore4______duringtheday.Remember,goodsleepis5______forbothyourphysicalandmentalhealth.答案：1.tired2.reduce3.awake4.energetic5.essential解析：本文主要讲述了睡眠不足的危害及改善睡眠质量的方法。1.tired:根据上文“Lackofsleep”（缺乏睡眠）可知，这会导致情绪受影响并让人感到“疲惫”。2.reduce:句意为屏幕发出的蓝光会“减少”褪黑激素的产生。reduce意为减少，符合语境。3.awake:咖啡因的作用是让人保持“清醒”，无法入睡。keepsb.awake是固定搭配。4.energetic:如果遵循建议改善了睡眠，白天自然会感到更有“精力”。5.essential:句意为良好的睡眠对身心健康是“至关重要的”。beessentialfor是常用搭配。（4）Inthemodernworld,technologyhaschangedthewayweliveandwork.Smartphonesallowustostayconnectedwithfriendsandfamilynomatterwhereweare.Socialmediaplatformsenableustoshareourthoughtsandphotos1______.Whilethesetoolsbringconvenience,theyalsohavesomenegativeeffects.Spendingtoomuchtimeonscreenscanleadtohealthproblemssuchaseyestrainandpoorsleep.Moreover,excessiveuseofsocialmediamaycausefeelingsof2______andanxiety.Peopleoftencomparetheirlivestotheperfectimagestheyseeonline,whichmakesthemfeelinadequate.Tomaintainahealthybalance,expertssuggestsettinglimitsonscreentime.Weshouldalsomakeanefforttoconnectwithothers3______,ratherthanjustthroughdigitaldevices.Technologyshouldbeatooltoenhanceourlives,notto4______them.Byusingitwisely,wecanenjoyitsbenefitswhileavoidingits5______.答案：1.instantly2.loneliness3.personally4.control5.drawbacks解析：1.instantly:社交媒体让我们可以“立即”分享想法和照片。2.loneliness:过度使用社交媒体可能导致“孤独感”和焦虑，与后文对比他人生活产生不足感相呼应。3.personally:建议我们要努力进行“面对面的/个人的”交流，与数字设备相对。4.control:科技应该是增强生活的工具，而不是“控制”生活。5.drawbacks:明智地使用科技，既能享受好处又能避免其“缺点/弊端”。（5）Learninganewlanguageopensupmanyopportunities.Itallowsyoutoconnectwithpeoplefromdifferentculturesandunderstandtheirperspectives.Atfirst,learninggrammarandvocabularycanseem1______.Youmightmakemanymistakesandfeelfrustrated.However,persistenceiscrucial.Practicingeveryday,evenforjustafewminutes,canleadtosignificantprogressovertime.Immersingyourselfinthelanguageisalsohelpful.Youcanwatchmovies,listentomusic,orreadbooksinthetargetlanguage.Thishelpsyougetusedtothenaturalflowand2______ofthelanguage.Don'tbeafraidtospeak,evenifyourpronunciationisnotperfect.Nativespeakersusuallyappreciatetheeffortandarewillingtohelp.Asyouimprove,youwillgainmore3______inyourabilities.Eventually,youwillbeabletocommunicate4______andconfidently.Thejourneyoflanguagelearningisrewardingandenriching.Itbroadensyourhorizonsandmakesyouamoreglobalcitizen.So,embracethechallengeandenjoythe5______.答案：1.difficult2.rhythm3.confidence4.fluently5.process解析：1.初学语法和词汇可能看起来很难，difficult符合初学者的心态描述。2.沉浸在语言环境中有助于适应自然的语流和节奏，rhythm指语言的韵律节奏，符合语境。3.随着进步，你会对自己的能力获得更多自信，gainconfidence是常见搭配。4.最终能够流利地且自信地交流，fluently修饰communicate，符合语言学习的目标。5.享受这个过程，process指代前文提到的整个学习旅程，符合结尾升华的主题。（6）Inrecentyears,thepopularityofonlineshoppinghasgrownrapidly.Manypeopleprefertobuygoodsonlinebecauseitisconvenientandtime-saving.However,therearealsosomedisadvantages.Forexample,youcannottouchortryontheproductsbeforebuyingthem.Thismayleadtodissatisfactionwhenthegoodsarrive.Therefore,itisimportanttochoosereliablewebsitesandreadcustomerreviewscarefully.Bydoingso,youcanreducetheriskofbeingcheatedandensureabettershoppingexperience.1______,thepopularityofonlineshoppinghasgrownrapidly.Manypeopleprefertobuygoodsonlinebecauseitisconvenientand2______.However,therearealsosomedisadvantages.Forexample,youcannottouchortryontheproductsbeforebuyingthem.Thismayleadto3______whenthegoodsarrive.Therefore,itisimportanttochoosereliablewebsitesandreadcustomerreviewscarefully.Bydoingso,youcanreducetheriskofbeingcheatedandensureabettershopping4______.1.A.InrecentyearsB.InthepastC.AtpresentD.Infuture2.A.expensiveB.time-savingC.difficultD.dangerous3.A.satisfactionB.happinessC.dissatisfactionD.excitement4.A.jobB.tripC.experienceD.education答案：1.A2.B3.C4.C解析：1.根据句意“近年来，网上购物的受欢迎程度迅速增长”，应选Inrecentyears（近年来）。2.根据前文convenient（方便的）以及并列连词and，此处应填一个褒义词，time-saving（省时的）符合语境。3.根据前文cannottouchortryon（不能触摸或试穿），这会导致收到货物时的“不满”，故选dissatisfaction。4.ensureabettershoppingexperience意为“确保更好的购物体验”，experience符合语境。PartIVErrorCorrection(20points)（1）短文改错：Therearemanypeoplewholiketravelbytrain.Itiscomfortableandsafe.However,sometimesthetrainislate,thatmakespassengersangry.Lastmonth,ItookatraintoBeijing.Thejourneytookaboutfivehours.WhenIarrived,Iwassurprisingtoseesomanypeoplewaitingforme.Theyheldasignwithmynameonit.Iwasverytouchingbytheirwarmth.答案：travel->traveling/travelling,that->which,surprising->surprised,touching->touched解析：1.travel->traveling/travelling：`like`后接动名词表示习惯性爱好，`likedoingsth.`。2.that->which：此处是非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子“火车晚点”这件事，只能用`which`引导，不能用`that`。3.surprising->surprised：主语是`I`（人），表示“感到惊讶”应用`surprised`；`surprising`意为“令人惊讶的”，常修饰物。4.touching->touched：主语是`I`，表示“被感动”应用过去分词`touched`作表语或被动语态的一部分；`touching`意为“令人感动的”。（2）短文改错：ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.Therearemanywaytolearnit.First,weshouldlistentotheteachercarefulinclass.Second,wemustspeakEnglishasmoreaspossible.Don'tbeafraidofmakemistakes.Practicemakesperfect.答案：way->ways,careful->carefully,more->much,make->making解析：1.way->ways：many修饰可数名词复数，故将way改为ways。2.careful->carefully：修饰动词listen，应用副词carefully，故将careful改为carefully。3.more->much：as...aspossible中间接原级，much修饰不可数名词或作为副词修饰动词speak，表示“尽可能多地”，故将more改为much。4.make->making：介词of后接动名词作宾语，故将make改为making。（3）短文改错：请找出并改正下列短文中的错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Lastweek,Iwenttothebookstoretobuysomebook.Ifoundaveryinterestingnovelanddecidetobuyit.WhenIgottothecounter,IrealizedthatIhaveleftmywalletathome.Theshopassistantwasverykindlyandallowedmetopaylater.答案：book->books,decide->decided,have->had,kindly->kind解析：1.book->books：some后接可数名词复数，book是可数名词，故改为books。2.decide->decided：全文讲述的是上周发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语，found是过去式，故decide也应改为过去式decided。3.have->had：'意识到把钱包落在家里'这一动作发生在'realized'之前，即'过去的过去'，应使用过去完成时，故将have改为had。4.kindly->kind：was是系动词，后接形容词作表语。kindly是副词，kind是形容词，故改为kind。（4）短文改错：请找出并改正下列短文中的错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Theenvironmentisbecomingworseandworse.Manyfactorypollutetheairandwater.Wemustdosomethingtostopthem.Ifwedon't,wewillhavenowheretoliveinthefuture.答案：factory->factories解析：1.名词复数：Many（许多）修饰可数名词复数。factory是可数名词，其复数形式为factories。故将factory改为factories。注：本题其他部分语法正确。pollute主语为复数factories时动词原形正确；stopthem指代复数名词正确；条件状语从句时态正确。（5）Shedon'tlikecoffee,butshelovesteaverymuch.答案：don't改为doesn't解析：本题考查主谓一致。主语She是第三人称单数，在一般现在时中，否定形式应借助助动词does，即doesn't。don't用于第一、二人称及复数主语。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofAustralia,istheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.Composedofover2,900individualreefsand900islandsstretchingforover2,300kilometers,itissolargethatitcanbeseenfromouterspace.Thereefisbuiltbybillionsoftinyorganismsknownascoralpolyps.Thesepolypsliveinsymbioticrelationshipswithalgae,whichprovidethemwithnutrientsthroughphotosynthesisandgivecoralstheirvibrantcolors.Unfortunately,theGreatBarrierReefisfacingseverethreatsduetoclimatechange.Risingoceantemperaturescauseaphenomenonknownascoralbleaching.Whenwateristoowarm,coralsexpelthealgaelivingintheirtissues,causingthemtoturncompletelywhite.Whilebleachedcoralsarenotdeadimmediately,theyareundergreaterstressandaresubjecttomortalityifconditionsdonotimprove.Oceanacidification,anotherresultofincreasedcarbondioxidelevels,alsoweakensthecoralstructures,makingitharderforthemtogrowandrepairdamage.Conservationeffortsareunderwaytoprotectthisnaturalwonder.Scientistsareresearchingheat-resistantcoralstrains,andgovernmentsareimplementingpoliciestoreducepollutionandcarbonemissions.However,thesurvivalofthereefultimatelydependsonglobalactiontomitigateclimatechange.Withoutimmediateintervention,thisuniqueecosystemcouldsufferirreversibledamagewithinourlifetime.（1-1）Whatgivescoralstheirvibrantcolors?（）AThesunlightreflectingoffthewater.BThealgaelivinginsidethecoralpolyps.CThemineralsfoundintheoceanfloor.DThewasteproductsoffish.（1-2）Whathappenstocoralsduringtheprocessofbleaching?（）ATheygrowlargerandstronger.BTheychangecolortobrightred.CTheyexpelalgaeandturnwhite.DTheyimmediatelydieanddisappear.（1-3）HowdoesoceanacidificationaffecttheGreatBarrierReef?（）AItmakesthewatertoocoldforcorals.BItincreasesthenumberofalgae.CItweakenscoralstructuresandhindersgrowth.DItcausesthereefstostretchfurther.（1-4）Accordingtothetext,whatistheultimatefactorforthesurvivalofthereef?（）ALocaltourismmanagement.BGlobalactiontomitigateclimatechange.CThedevelopmentofnewfishingtechniques.DTheconstructionofartificialreefs.（1-5）Whatisthetoneofthepassage?（）AOptimisticandcheerful.BIndifferentandneutral.CConcernedandurgent.DHumorousandlight-hearted.答案：1-1.B1-2.C1-3.C1-4.B1-5.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"Thesepolypsliveinsymbioticrelationshipswithalgae,which...givecoralstheirvibrantcolors."可知，珊瑚体内的藻类赋予了珊瑚鲜艳的颜色。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第二段"Whenwateristoowarm,coralsexpelthealgaelivingintheirtissues,causingthemtoturncompletelywhite."可知，白化过程中，珊瑚排出藻类并变白。注意文中提到它们不会立即死亡，所以D选项错误。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据第二段末尾"Oceanacidification...alsoweakensthecoralstructures,makingitharderforthemtogrowandrepairdamage."可知，海洋酸化会削弱珊瑚结构并阻碍其生长。故选C。4.细节理解题。根据第三段"thesurvivalofthereefultimatelydependsonglobalactiontomitigateclimatechange."可知，珊瑚礁生存的根本因素是全球采取行动减缓气候变化。故选B。5.观点态度题。文章指出了大堡礁面临的严重威胁（severethreats），使用了unfortunately,stress,mortality,irreversibledamage等词汇，呼吁立即干预，体现了担忧和紧迫感。故选C。Passage2Urbangardeninghasgainedpopularityinrecentyearsascitydwellersseektoreconnectwithnature.Transformingrooftops,balconies,andvacantlotsintogreenspacesprovidesnumerousbenefits.Firstly,itimprovesairqualitybyabsorbingcarbondioxideandreleasingoxygen.Secondly,ithelpsmitigatetheurbanheatislandeffect,wherecitiesbecomesignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralareasduetohumanactivityandconcretesurfaces.Additionally,growingone'sownfoodpromoteshealthiereatinghabitsandreducesthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithtransportingproducefromdistantfarms.Communitygardensalsofostersocialinteraction,bringingneighborstogethertoshareknowledgeandharvests.Despitelimitedspace,creativesolutionslikeverticalfarmingallowurbanresidentstocultivateavarietyofplants.（2-1）Whyhasurbangardeningbecomepopularrecently?（）ABecausecitygovernmentsforcepeopletodoitBBecausepeoplewanttoreconnectwithnatureCBecauseitisthecheapestwaytobuildhousesDBecausethereisnootherentertainmentincities（2-2）Howdoesurbangardeninghelpwiththe'urbanheatislandeffect'?（）AItmakesthecitydarkerBItincreasestheamountofconcreteCIthelpscooldownthecityenvironmentDIthasnoeffectontemperature（2-3）Whatisabenefitofgrowingone'sownfoodinthecity?（）AItguaranteesahighincomeforfarmersBIteliminatestheneedforwaterCItpromoteshealthyeatingandreducestransportemissionsDItallowspeopletosellfoodathighprices（2-4）Whatsocialadvantagedocommunitygardensoffer?（）ATheyprovideaplaceforpoliticaldebatesBTheybringneighborstogethertointeractandshareCTheyreplacetheneedforschoolsDTheyincreasethenoiselevelintheneighborhood答案：2-1.B2-2.C2-3.C2-4.B解析：1.细节理解题。文章第一句提到人们寻求"reconnectwithnature"是城市园艺流行的原因，故选B。2.推理判断题。文中提到它有助于"mitigatetheurbanheatislandeffect"，即缓解城市热岛效应（降温），故选C。3.细节理解题。文章指出自己种植食物可以"promoteshealthiereatinghabitsandreducesthecarbonfootprint"，故选C。4.细节理解题。文中提到社区花园"fostersocialinteraction,