综英(单选).ppt

1、集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides. 2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage(叶子),machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如： All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 3)既可作单数

2、也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set its agenda. 4)a committee, etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter

3、.,近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。 fatigued所表达的疲劳程

4、度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。He felt fatigued and didnt want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。worn out 这个词不太正式，多用于口语。The troops were worn out after winning

5、 the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。 。,Although _ Spanish, he attended the course. A. he was knowing B. he is knowingC. having a knowledge of D. knows You _that letter to James. However, you didnt. A. ought to write B. ought to have writtenC. should write D. should be writing Joseph was very lucky _ with his life

6、; he almost did not get out of the room. A. to escape B. to have escapedC. to escaping D. to be escaping Bread and butter _liked by Westerners. A. is B. are C. were D. be The back garden of our house contains a lawn, _very pleasant to sit on in summer. A. which is B. which it is C. it is D. where it

7、 is He set up in business _ his own and was very successful. A. in B. of C. on D. by Johns score on the test is the highest in the class; he _last night. A. must study B. should have studiedC. must have studied D. is sure to study 8. Frank almost never received any education, _? A. would he B. did h

8、e C. didnt he D. wouldnt he,9. Even if his letter _ tomorrow, it _too late to do anything. A. will arrive.is B. should arrive.wereC. arrives.will be D. arrives.would be 10. We can hear _from the back of the room. A. just as good B. just as easy C. just as well D. easily as well 11. To obtain a satis

9、factory result, one must apply two _of paint on a clean surface. A. coats B. levels C. times D. courses 12. The small mountain village was _ by the snow for more than one month. A. cut back B. cut out C. cut off D. cut away 13. Miss Green was _ $100 for driving after drinking. A. fined B. charged C.

10、 punished D. posed 14. Modern _ perhaps causes more problems than it solves. A. technique B. technologyC. tactics D.tendency 15. Mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear it _ when she was trying to go to sleep. A. sounding B. ringing C. ticking D. humming 16. Under this _

11、pressure some of the rocks even became liquid. A. intensive B. weighty C. intense D. bulky,17. Of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the _ of them were eventually able to improve upon their former standard of living. A. maximum B. minority C. majority D. minimum 18. Nancy was su

12、rprised that they have _. They seemed to be a happy couple. A. split up B. broken down C. fallen through D. knocked out 19. The beach is in an ideal _ to draw tourists. A. condition B. situation C. state D. publicity 20. Our _ sensitivity decreases with age. By age 60, most people have lost 40 perce

13、nt of their ability to smell and 50 percent of their taste buds. A. sensible B. senseless C. sensitive D. sensory 21. The eldest child is thoroughly _ because they always give him whatever he wants. A. wasted B. spoiled C. Destroyed D. uneducated 22. If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, i

14、t may _ a gas. A. give into B. give over C. give off D. give away 23. His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at _ with him at once. A. peace B. large C. ease D. best 24. Can you take the day off tomorrow?Well, Ill have to get _ from my boss. A. permission B. permit C. allowance D. possession,关于u

15、sed to的意义和用法used to (只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。例如：He used to smoke a lot, but he has long given up smoking.在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didnt use to或usednt to均可：He didnt use to smoke cigarettes.He usednt to smoke cigarettes.Didnt Maria use to be interested in the theatre?Usednt Maria to be interested

16、 in the theatre?在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：Used you to go to the same school as Edward?Did you use to go to the same school as Edward? 近义词辨析use, apply, avail, employ, utilize这组词均含有“使用”或“利用”之意。 use强调利用人或物作为工具。He used up all his resources in experimenting with the new paint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。Apply 指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应

17、用。We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice.我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。,avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。I dont think complaints will avail you much.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。We avail ourselves of every opportunity to speak English.我们利用一切机会讲英语。employ指使用未被利用的东西；用于人时表示雇用。He doesnt k

18、now how to employ his energy and time.他不知道该怎么利用他的精力和时间。utilize指充分发挥某物的作用，使无用的东西变有用，或使人或物有新用途。She hopes to utilize her artistic talents in the job.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。,My pain _ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?” A. must

19、 be B. must have been C. had been D. had to be 2. It is only when you nearly lose someone _ fully conscious of how much you value him. A. do you becomeB. then you become C. that you become D. have you become3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, _ the atmosphere. A. as it is B. so is C. the sam

20、e as D. and so is 4. While driving along the treacherous road, _. A. my right rear tyre blew out B. my right rear tyre had a blowout C. I had a blownout on my right rear tyre D. I had my right rear tyre blowout5. Jean Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his ins

21、istence that it _ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed6._ there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect. A. Since B. When C. While D. Unless

22、,7. This organization brought Western artists together in the hope of making more of an impact on the art community _ any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women. A. rather than B. rather C. than D. other than8. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare bro

23、ught them _ suffering and poverty. A. anything but B. nothing but C. none other than D. no more than9. After _ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to step into the doctors office. A. it B. that C. what D. which10. The board deemed its urgent that these files _right away. A. had to be printed B.

24、should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed11. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any _of it at all. A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. interpretation12. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the _of your spectacles need changing. A. lenses B. g

25、lasses C. sights D. crystals,13. The school committee hoped that their choice of play would be _ with the students and their parents. A. recognized B. popular C. favorable D. fascinated14. By cutting down trees we _ the natural home of birds and animals. A. harm B. hurt C. injure D. damage15. Mr. Ro

26、binson knew that the most trivial chore could prove to be a _ if approached with enthusiasm. A. prize B. reward C. refund D. bonus16. The trade unions in this industry are _ any reduction in wages. A. objecting against B. opposed to C. reacted to D. resisting against 17. She was teaching me _ you wo

27、uld teach a younger child to speak the language. A. the way B. in the way C. a way D. to the way18. The Brownings have not _ yet and I doubt whether they will come. A turned in B. turned out C. turned up D. turned to19. We went on a(n) _ to the mountain yesterday. A. excursion B. trip C. tour D. tra

28、vel,20. When Sarah and I _ on an article for the school newspaper, we found it difficult to work together. A. compiled B. gathered C. collaborated D. collected21. Beth could _ her coat because it had large red buttons. A. recognize B. prove C. define D. claim22. Postal _ are determined by the class

29、and weight of the parcel mailed. A. taxes B. payment C. fees D. premium23. My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing _. A. help B. aid C. support D. tool24. On New Years Eve, there will be a firework _at Peoples Square. A. display B. performance C. show D. exhibition25. The _ of beer and alc

30、ohol in New Zealand is very high. A. consumption B. use C. drink D. absorption,关于dare的意义和用法作为情态动词表示“胆敢”，dare通常只用于否定陈述句和疑问句。例如：I dare not go there.How dare he say such rude things about me?dare作为情态助动词没有过去式形式，其否定式为darent，既可指现在时间，也可指过去时间。例如：Tom wanted to come, but he darent.dare还可用主动词，随后的不定式可带to,也可不带to

31、。例如：He does not dare (to) answer.Does she dare (to) go there alone? 近义词辨析besides, but, except, except for这组词均含有“除外”的意思。besides “除外，还有”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别,but不包括所引事物在内，多与nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anybody等连用。 He has nobody but himse

32、lf to blame for that.那件事他没法指责别人，只能怪他自己。 except不包括所引事物。常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all, everyone, everything等连用，但不可用于句首。 They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。 except for常指除去所引情况让人稍感遗憾之外，整体情况尚属理想，被除去的事物与正在谈及的事物之间不具有共同属性或性质。The roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外，路面很空旷。,1.

33、 The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday. A. to be robbed B. robbed C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed2. _ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success. A. Though having never acted B. As he had never acted C. Despite he had n

34、ever acted D. In spite of his never having acted3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the worlds population _ in cities rather than in the country. A. are living B. will be living C. have lived D. will have lived4. Mr. Milton prefers to resign _ part in such dishonest business d

35、eals. A. than take B. than to take C. rather than take D. rather than to take5. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything _ going on in the world. A. it is B. as is C. there is D. what is6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _ a sudden loud

36、 noise. A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there have been 7. Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to make his language _. A. as other people B. as other peoples C. like other people D. like other peoples,8. Clothing made of plastic fibres has certain advantages over _made

37、 of natural fibres like cotton, wool, or silk. A. one B. the one C. that D. what9. The treasury issued an order stating that _ land purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver. A. henceforth B. moreover C. whereby D. however10. The students expected there _ more reviewing cla

38、sses before the final exams. A. is B. being C. have been D. to be11. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that _ into hard currency. A. translates B. transfers C. transplants D. transmits12. In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics _or may give you a ch

39、oice of topics to write about. A. in advance B. ahead of C. above all D. right away13. It was the drivers _ that caused him to step on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb. A. fraud B. alarm C. terror D. panic,14. Danny left this _ message on my answering machine:“I must see

40、 you. Meet me at twelve oclock.” Did he mean noon or midnight? A. ambiguous B. responsible C. implicit D. thoughtful15. We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all _. A. reserved for B. engaged in C. used up D. taken up16. She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she cant _ this lo

41、ud noise any longer. A. come up with B. catch up with C. keep up with D. put up with17. Tom _ his new job with confidence. A. set out B. set off C. set up D. set about18. The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed _. A. range B. limit C. rule D. regulation19. The crippled Jack proudly walked

42、 with a _ to the platform to join the children. A. jump B. limp C. hop D. jog20. He cannot _ a car, for he does not earn much money. A. obtain B. afford C. donate D. consume,21. The message is clear: Just as tea and banana cant go together, _ should the son of a low-class family expect to marry the

43、daughter of a nobleman. A. either B. not C. neither D. nor22. Though _ rich, she was better off than at any other period in her life.A. by means of B. within her means C. by all means D. by no means23. It is a(n) _ attitude to take towards life. A. absurd B. silly C. stupid D. authentic24. Every yea

44、r, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that _ one year of college. A. improves B. subsidizes C. obliges D. inflicts25. He wrote the book in _ with his wife. A. proportion B. installment C. correspondence D. collaboration,定语从句中关系代词that的用法 1)在既指人又指事物的两个或两个以上的先行词后面。例如：They are talking abo

45、ut the people and countries that they had visited. 2)在限制性定语从句中有形容词最高级的先行词后面。例如：He is the best student that I have ever met. 3)在以“It is.”,“It was.”等开头的强调句中，和相应的疑问句中。如：What is it that he wants? 4)在only, all, little的后面This is all that I know. )在no, every, some和any等词后面，也包括在它们的复合词在内。如：There is no person

46、that is always in the right.Is there anything that I can do for you?,近义词辨析beautiful, good-looking, handsome, lovely, pretty这组词均含有“美丽”、“漂亮”、“可爱”的意思。Beautiful指能不仅给人带来感官上的快乐，而且通过感官产生思想和灵魂的愉悦，在同类词中层次最高。She was even more beautiful than I had remembered.她比我记忆中的她更漂亮了。good-looking 不如handsome, pretty意思强烈，指一般

47、的“好看”或“悦目”。That good-looking young man visited the house once or twice a week.那个长相不错的年轻人一星期光顾一两次。handsome 通常是一种客观的不带感情色彩的评价。一个人如被形容为handsome,是指此人外貌符合观察者的要求，但不激发更深层的感受。He looked very handsome in his dark suit.他穿深色西装显得非常英俊。lovely比感官的快乐更进一步，是强调纯粹情感上的愉悦，指觉得某人或某物“可爱”。Mary has two lovely daughters.玛丽有两个可爱

48、的女儿。pretty也是“漂亮、可爱”的意思。很少形容大而有影响力的事物，多形容事物不以其优秀、完美而以小巧、优雅、精致见长，使人容易接受并喜爱。Her boyfriend believes that she is the prettiest girl in the town.她男朋友觉得她是镇上最漂亮的女孩。,Evidence came up _ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old. A. what B. that C. which D. whose I understand _ prepar

49、ation that staff must put in under pressure to meet the deadline. A. more than the enormous amount of B. better than most the enormous number of C. better than most the enormous amount of D. fewer than the number of Im sure your suggestion will _ the problem. A. contribute to solving B. be contribut

50、ed to solve C. contribute to solve D. be contributed to solving In 1840, both Lucretian Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton resented _ proper seating at the Worlds Anti-slavery convention in London because of their sex. A. refusing B. to be refused C. being refused D. having refused America will never a

51、gain have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it _ before the West was settled. A. could B. did C. would D. was You should have put the milk into the ice-box, I expect it _ undrinkable. A. became B. had become C. has become D. becomes Its no good _ him. He is always indifferent towards others mat

52、ters. A. to turn to B. turning to C. turn to D. turned to,8. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure _. A. than more on efficiency B. and more on efficiency C. and more efficiency D. than efficiency9. She always put her medication on the top of the shelf l

53、est the children _ it by mistake. A. took B. should take C. had taken D. would take10. The earnings of women are well below that of men _educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes. A. although B. though C. despite of D. in spite of11. Many automobile accidents were _ careless

54、 driving. A. attributed to B. resulted in C. contributed to D. raised from12. The actress wanted a hat to _ her dress. A. go by B. go through C. go out D. go with13. It takes a lot of_ to put on a school play such as King Lear. A. organization B. arrangement C. management D. preparation14. The polic

55、e carried out a(n)_ search for the missing boy. A. complete B. entire C. thorough D. whole,15. The _ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London. A. valued B. valueless C. invaluable D. usable16. Tom has been a vegetarian _ principle for years. A. in B. on C. for D. by17. When I got out of the car

56、and walked about among them, _one old man who shook his head disapprovingly, they all began to cheer. A. see that B. except that C. provided that D. except for18. _ the water left in the kettle, the doctor put several things he unwrapped from a handkerchief. A. At B. To C. Within D. Into19. I am _ g

57、rateful for the many kindnesses you have shown my son. A. excessively B. much C. certainly D. exceedingly20. The _ of AIDS has led to an expansion in research seeking a cure. A. innovation B. selection C. proliferation D. conviction 21. I am sorry I have no time at present to _ more detail or give you an account of other cities of interest. A. bring into B. take into C. come into D. go into,22. When the idea of winning in sports is carried to excess, _competition c