高考英语专题复习（命题规律探究+题组分层精练）专题十一 细节理解课件.ppt

专题十一细节理解 高考英语 江苏省专用 a组自主命题 江苏卷题组passage1 2017江苏 a 词数 189chronologica theunbelievableyearsthatdefinedhistory 五年高考 didyouknow in105adpaperwasinventedinchina whencolumbusdiscoveredthenewworld thebritishmuseumopenedin1759 chronologicaisafascinatingjourneythroughtime fromthefoundationofrometothecre ationoftheinternet alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens hotairballoons andmonkeysinspace travelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryandlearnwhybeingaromanemperorwasn talwaysasgoodasitsounds howthehundredyears wardidn tactuallylastfor100yearsandwhyspencerpercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord chronologicaisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts whilechronologicatellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchasthomasedisonandalexanderthegreat thisbookalsogivesanaccountofthelivesofless er knownindividualsincludingtheexplorermungoparkandsculptorgutzonborglum thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold andguaran teedtopresenteventhebiggesthistoryloverwithsomethingnew 1 whatischronologicaaccordingtothetext a abiography b atravelguide c ahistorybook d asciencefiction 2 howdoesthewriterrecommendchronologicatoreaders a bygivingdetailsofitscollection b byintroducingsomeofitscontents c bytellingstoriesatthebeginning d bycomparingitwithotherbooks 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文 介绍了一本叫chronologica的历史书 这本书中有人类历史上的很多重要年份 重要事件 重要人物 还有一些不很出名的人物 1 c推理判断题 根据开头的 theunbelievableyearsthatdefinedhistory 并结合后文对这本书的描述 我们可以推断出这本书是一本历史书 2 b细节理解题 本文的大量篇幅被用于介绍书中的历史时间 历史事件和历史人物 由此可知作者通过介绍书的内容的方式来推荐这本书 所以答案为b项 重点词汇definevt 解释 阐明 给 下定义guaranteevt 确保 保证词汇积累informativeadj 给予知识的illustratevt 用插图 示例 说明 加插图于 passage2 2016江苏 a 词数 203 续表 1 e learningcoursesaredifferentfromothertdsbcoursesinthat a theyaregivenbybesttdsbteachersb theyarenotonthedayschooltimetablec theyarenotincludedonstudents reportsd theyareanadditiontotdsbcourses2 whatdostudentsneedtodobeforecompletinge learningcourses a tolearninformationtechnologyon line b todotheirassignmentsindependently c toupdatetheirmobiledevicesregularly d totalkfacetofacewiththeirteachers 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文 主要介绍了e learningcourses即网上学习课程的情况 1 d推理判断题 根据文章第三段的aretaughtbytdsbsecondaryschoolteachers可知 这些网上学习课程只是由tdsb的老师教授而没有说是最好的tdsb老师教 所以a项错误 根据第一段可知网上学习课程是在学生的dayschooltimetable上的 因此b项错误 根据文章第三段appearonthestudent sreportuponcompletion可知 网上学习课程是会出现在学生的report里的 所以c项错误 由文章第一段和第四段可推测出这些网上学习课程是tdsb课程的补充 所以d项正确 2 b细节理解题 根据文章倒数第二段可知 在网上课程上成功的学生是能够以负责和诚实的态度独立学习的 所以可推测出 在完成网上学习课程之前学生需要独立地去完成自己的任务 因此b项正确 文章没有提到a c d三项 passage3 2016江苏 b 词数 385chimps 黑猩猩 willcooperateincertainways likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterrito ry butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings theyhavelittleinstinct 本能 tohelponeanother chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood inthelaboratory chimpsdon tnaturallysharefoodeither ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor withnogreatereffort aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage hewillpullatrandom hejustdoesn tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot chimpsaretrulyselfish humanchildren ontheotherhand arenaturallycooperative fromtheearliestages theydesiretohelpothers toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals thepsychologistmichaeltomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentswithveryyoungchil dren hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp informandsharearenottaught butnatu rallypossessedinyoungchildren oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheirchildrentobehavesocially anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive 认知的 skills atleastwhencomparedwithchimps intestsconductedbytomasello thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld thecoreofwhatchildren smindshaveandchimps don tiswhattomasellocallssharedinten tionality partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking butbeyondthat evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose theyactivelyseektobepartofa we agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal 1 whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps a chimpsseldomcareaboutothers interests b chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren c chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors food d chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother 2 michaeltomasello stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey a havetheinstincttohelpothersb knowhowtoofferhelptoadultsc knowtheworldbetterthanchimpsd trustadultswiththeirhandsfull3 thepassageismainlyabout a thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenb waystotrainchildren ssharedintentionalityc cooperationasadistinctivehumannatured thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文 很小的孩子就会帮助别人 与人合作和分享 这是人的本性 1 a细节理解题 根据文章第二段中的实验得知黑猩猩不关心 不在乎同类 故a项正确 其中c项干扰性较大 黑猩猩只是自私 而不是喜欢那么做 2 a推理判断题 根据文章第三段第一 二句humanchildren ontheotherhand arenaturallycooperative fromtheearliestages theydesiretohelpothers toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals 可知 小孩帮助他人是出于本能 故选a项 b项太片面 c d两项文中没提到 3 c主旨大意题 通读全文可知 作者通过对黑猩猩和小孩进行实验证实了助人 与别人合作是人独有的本能 a项干扰性较大 文章不是简单地介绍了小孩子的助人行为 高级语块1 atrandom胡乱 任意地 随便地2 nobetterthan几乎等于3 participatein参加 长难句ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor withnogreatereffort aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage hewillpullatrandom 如果一只黑猩猩被放在一个笼子里 在这个笼子里它能为自己拿一盘食物 或者能不付出更多的努力就可以拿到为旁边笼子里的邻居也提供食物的盘子 它会随意拿 本句中if引导条件状语从句 其中有两个定语从句 第一个为where引导的定语从句修饰先行词acage 第二个为that引导的定语从句修饰先行词aplate passage4 2015江苏 a 词数 207 1 accordingtothecode visitorsshouldact a withcareandrespectb withreliefandpleasurec withcautionandcalmnessd withattentionandobservation2 whatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginnewzealand a takeyourowncampingfacilities b buryglassfarawayfromrivers c followthetrackforthesakeofplants d observesignstoapproachnestingbirds 答案 语篇解读 本文为应用文 主要向游客介绍了在新西兰旅游时的注意事项 1 a推理判断题 根据全文内容可知 文章介绍的游客须知 都在要求游客在新西兰旅游时应该注意遵守规则并尊重当地环境 故选a项 2 c细节理解题 根据第七条camporpicniccarefully中usefacilitiesprovided可知 露营野炊要使用所提供的设施 a项错误 根据第三条getridofrubbish中recyclewaste e g glass paper wherepossible可知 玻璃 纸张等垃圾应该被回收而不是被掩埋 b项错误 根据第八条注意事项keeptothetrack下的内容可知 要走在已有的小道上 以免损伤脆弱的植被 c项符合题意 根据第二条protectplantsandanimals可知 不要在鸟类栖息地让宠物乱跑 另外根据最后一条beconsid erate中observenosmokingsigns可知 要注意禁烟标志 并不是接近鸟类栖息地要注意标志 d项错误 passage5 2013江苏 a 词数 243 1 theleafletistoinformvisitorsofthepark s a advancedmanagementb thrillperformancesc entertainmentfacilitiesd thoughtfulservices2 avisitortotheparkcan a rentastrolleroutsidefrontgateb askforfirstaidbythunderrunc smokeinthewaterparkd leavehispetatkidzville 续表 答案 语篇解读 本文为应用文 题材为广告 传单类 主要介绍了canada swonderland的相关信息 目的是让读者了解canada swonderland的相关服务和规定 1 d细节理解题 根据guestservices food根据petcare部分apetcarefacilityislocatedoutsideourfrontgateonthesouthsideforadailyfee 可排除d项 评析本题是一道细节理解题 四个备选项涉及的信息比较分散 需要考生耐心寻找和比对 另外正确答案b项中的thunderrun在firstaid部分并没有提及 在atms部分反而提及了thun derrun 由这一部分的内容可以看出thunderrun应该是乐园中的一处设施 很有可能就是急救中心的名称 这需要考生展开丰富的想象 高级语块1 serveas充当 担任2 observerules遵守规则3 resultin导致 长难句frontgateguestservicescanhelpyouwithanythingfromfindingoutwhattimeyourfavouriteshowstartstopurchasingtickets 从帮您弄清您喜欢的节目开演的时间到买票 前门客服中心可以为您提供任何服务 本句from to 结构中findingout后whattimeyourfavouriteshowstarts为宾语从句 b组统一命题 省 区 市 卷题组passage1 2017课标全国 a 词数 236sanfranciscofireenginetourssanfranciscowinerytourrunning february1stthroughapril30ththisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytotreasureislandwherewewillstopatthefa mouswinerysf hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwinesanfranciscohastooffer includedinticketprice departingfromthecannery tourtimesuponrequestduration 时长 2hoursprice 90backtothefiftiestourrunning august16ththroughaugust31stthistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofsanfrancisco smostfantasticperiods the1950s en joyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughsanfranciscoforafreetasteoficecream departingfromthecannery 5 00pmand7 30pm duration 2hoursprice 90spookyhalloweentourrunning october10ththroughoctober31stjoinusforaridethroughthehistoricalpresidiodistrict authenticfiregear 服装 isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofsanfrancisco departingfromthecannery 6 30pmand8 30pmduration 1hourand30minutesprice availableuponrequestholidaylightstourrunning december6ththroughdecember23rdthisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofsanfrancisco smostcheerfulholidayscenes authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit departingfromthecannery 7 00pmand9 00pmduration 1hourand30minutesadvancereservationsrequired 1 whichofthetoursisavailableinmarch a sanfranciscowinerytour b backtothefiftiestour c spookyhalloweentour d holidaylightstour 2 whatcantouristsdoonbacktothefiftiestour a gototreasureisland b enjoytheholidayscenes c havefreeicecream d visitthepresidiodistrict 3 whataretouristsrequiredtodotogoonholidaylightstour a takesomedrinks b setoffearlyinthemorning c wearwarmclothes d makereservationsinadvance 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇广告类文章 介绍了旧金山四项各具特色的游玩活动 1 a细节理解题 根据短文中对这四项活动的运行时间的介绍可知 第一项活动的时间是february1stthroughapril30th 即从2月1号一直到4月30号 所以答案为a项 2 c细节理解题 根据第二部分的 aswetakeyouthroughsanfranciscoforafreetasteoficecream 可知 参加这项游玩活动你可以品尝到免费的冰激凌 所以答案为c项 3 d细节理解题 根据最后一部分中的最后一句话 advancereservationsrequired 可知 参加这项游玩活动需要提前预订 所以答案为d项 重点词汇transportsb backto把某人带回到 另一地点或时间 thrillingadj 惊险的 刺激的reservationn 预订 预约 passage2 2017课标全国 a 词数 225pacificsciencecenterguide visitpacificsciencecenter sstoredon tforgettostopbypacificsciencecenter sstorewhileyouareheretopickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit thestoreislocated 位于 upstairsinbuilding3rightnexttothelaserdome hungry ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind butwhataboutyourbody ourcaf offersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions inadditiontoseasonalspecials thecaf islocatedupstairsinbuilding1andisopendailyuntilonehourbeforepacificsciencecentercloses rentalinformationlockersareavailabletostoreanybelongingsduringyourvisit thelockersarelocatedinbuilding1neartheinformationdeskandinbuilding3 pushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheinformationdeskanddennywayentrance idrequired supportpacificsciencecenter since1962 pacificsciencecenterhasbeeninspiringapassion 热情 fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience mathandtechnology today pacificsciencecenterservesmorethan1 3mil lionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityeventsalloverwashingtonstate it sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgen eroussupportfromindividuals corporations andothersocialorganizations visitpacificsciencecen ter orgtofindvariouswaysyoucansupportpacificsciencecenter 1 wherecanyoubuyasouveniratpacificsciencecenter a inbuilding1 b inbuilding3 c atthelaserdome d atthedennywayentrance 2 whatdoespacificsciencecenterdoforschools a trainscienceteachers b distributesciencebooks c inspirescientificresearch d takesciencetotheclassroom 3 whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext a toencouragedonations b toadvertisecomingevents c tointroducespecialexhibits d totellaboutthecenter shistory 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文 假如你要到太平洋科学中心参观游玩 可以认真阅读本文 以获得帮助 1 b细节理解题 根据第一段中的 topickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenir 和 thestoreislocatedupstairsinbuilding3 可知 游客可以在三号楼买到纪念品 所以答案为b项 2 d细节理解题 根据文章最后一段中的 andbringsinquiry basedscienceeducationtoclass rooms 可知 该科学中心会把科学教育带进教室 所以答案为d项 3 a推理判断题 根据短文最后的 wecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfrom 和 visit tofindvariouswaysyoucansupportpacificsciencecenter 可知 文章最后一部分的目的是鼓励人们为该科学中心提供捐助 由此推断出答案为a项 长难句原句 it sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals corporations andothersocialorganizations 分析 本句为复合句 one指代前面的accomplishment 后面是定语从句 修饰先行词one 且从句中使用了cannot和without的双重否定结构 译文 这是一个了不起的成就 一个没有来自个人 公司和其他社会组织的慷慨的支持我们就不可能取得的成就 重点词汇accomplishmentn 成就 成绩generousadj 慷慨的 大方的corporationn 公司 法人individualn 个人 个体 passage3 2017课标全国 a 词数 287inthecomingmonths wearebringingtogetherartistsfromallovertheglobe toenjoyspeakingshakespeare splaysintheirownlanguage inourglobe withinthearchitectureshakespearewrotefor pleasecomeandjoinus nationaltheatreofchinabeijing chinesethisgreatoccasion 盛会 willbethenationaltheatreofchina sfirstvisittotheuk thecompany sproductionsshowthenewfaceof21stcenturychinesetheatre thisproductionofshakespeare srichard willbedirectedbythenational sassociatedirector wangxiaoying date time saturday28april 2 30pm sunday29april 1 30pm 6 30pmmarjanishvilitheatretbilisi georgianoneofthemostfamoustheatresingeorgia themarjanishvili foundedin1928 appearsregularlyattheatrefestivalsallovertheworld thisnewproductionofasyoulikeitishelmed 指导 bythecompany sartisticdirectorlevantsuladze date time friday18may 2 30pm saturday19may 7 30pmdeafinitelytheatrelondon britishsignlanguage bsl bytranslatingtherichandhumouroustextoflove slabour slostintothephysicallanguageofbsl deafinitelytheatrecreatesanewinterpretationofshakespeare scomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience date time tuesday22may 2 30pm wednesday23may 7 30pmhabimanationaltheatretelaviv hebrewthehabimaisthecentreofhebrew languagetheatreworldwide foundedinmoscowafterthe1905revolution thecompanyeventuallysettledintelavivinthelate1920s since1958 theyhavebeenrecognisedasthenationaltheatreofisrael thisproductionofshakespeare sthemerchantofvenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheuk date time monday28may 7 30pm tuesday29may 7 30pm 1 whichplaywillbeperformedbythenationaltheatreofchina a richard b love slabour slost c asyoulikeit d themerchantofvenice 2 whatisspecialaboutdeafinitelytheatre a ithastwogroupsofactors b itistheleadingtheatreinlondon c itperformsplaysinbsl d itisgoodatproducingcomedies 3 whencanyouseeaplayinhebrew a onsaturday28april b onsunday29april c ontuesday22may d ontuesday29may 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文 本文介绍了四家大型剧院为了参赛而准备的节目 1 a细节理解题 根据nationaltheatreofchina中的 thisproductionofshakespeare srichard 可知 中国国家剧院将会演出莎士比亚的richard 所以答案为a项 2 c细节理解题 根据deafinitelytheatrelondon britishsignlanguage bsl 可知 该剧院能够使用手语进行演出 这是这家剧院和其他剧院的不同之处 也就是它的特别之处 所以答案为c项 3 d细节理解题 根据文章最后一部分第一句话 thehabimaisthecentreofhebrew lan guagetheatreworldwide 可知 这家剧院用希伯来语演出 再结合date time中的tuesday29may可知 观众可以在这一天看到希伯来语的戏剧演出 所以答案为d项 passage4 2017天津 d 词数 371ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours tounderstandtheissue let stakealookatthreetypesof waits theverypurestformofwaitingisthewatched potwait itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall takefillingupthekitchensink 洗碗池 asanexample thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit sfull duringthesewaits thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless acousintothewatched potwaitistheforcedwait thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline properlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaforcedwait directionsareveryspecific bringthreecupsofwatertoboil addmix simmerthreeminutes removefromheat letstandfiveminutes ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly afterall forcedwaitingrequirespatience perhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingisthelucky breakwait thistypeofwaitisunusualin thatitisforthemostpartvoluntary unliketheforcedwait whichisalsovoluntary waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen turningone slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsa mongus onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes butthelucky breakwaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit aslongasonedoesn tcometorelyonit wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting thenexttimeyou restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky don tbedesperate you reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy 1 whiledoingawatched potwait wetendto a keepourselvesbusyb getabsent mindedc growanxiousd stayfocused2 whatisthedifferencebetweentheforcedwaitandthewatched potwait a theforcedwaitrequiressomeself control b theforcedwaitmakespeoplepassive c thewatched potwaitneedsdirections d thewatched potwaitengagesbodyandbrain 3 whatcanwelearnaboutthelucky breakwait a itislessvoluntarythantheforcedwait b itdoesn talwaysbringthedesiredresult c itismorefruitfulthantheforcedwait d itdoesn tgivepeoplefaithandhope 4 whatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaiting a takeitseriously b don trelyonothers c dosomethingelse d don tloseheart 5 theauthorsupportshisviewby a exploringvariouscausesof waits b describingdetailedprocessesof waits c analyzingdifferentcategoriesof waits d revealingfrustratingconsequencesof waits 答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文 题材为社会生活类 本文介绍了日常生活中出现的三种等待 并且对每种等待作了详细的分析 1 b细节理解题 第二段对watched potwait进行了具体的描述 由第二段倒数第二句中的 thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersabout 可知 人们在这样的等待中容易走神 故选b 2 a细节理解题 根据第三段第二句 thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline 可知 a项中的 requiressomeself control 与之相符 故选a 3 b细节理解题 第四段对lucky breakwait作了详细的描述 本段最后一句中的 waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen 表明 这种等待不一定会带来预期的结果 故选b 4 d细节理解题 根据题干中的thenexttime可知 本题细节出现在最后一段 根据最后一段第二句 thenexttime don tbedesperate 可知 作者建议我们在等待时不要绝望 故选d 5 c推理判断题 本文分析了日常生活中的三种等待 故选c项 passage5 2017北京 a 词数 344itwasacoldmarchdayinhighpoint northcarolina thegirlsonthewesleyanacademysoftballteamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice stampingtheirfeettostaywarm eighth gradertaylorbisbeeshivered 发抖 alittleasshewatchedherteammatepariswhiteplay thetwodidn tknoweachotherwell taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore suddenly parisfelltotheground paris seyesrolledback taylorsays shestartedshaking iknewitwasanemergency itcertainlywas parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure withoutimmediatemedicalcare pariswoulddie atfirst noonemoved thegirlswereinshock thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout doesanyoneknowcpr cprisalife savingtechnique todocpr youpressonthesickperson schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans withoutoxygen thebrainisdamagedquickly amazingly taylorhadjustt