现在完成时--延续动词教学教材

1、现在完成时现在完成时-延续动词延续动词瞬间性动词例如瞬间性动词例如come,go,leave等，不和表示延续等，不和表示延续性的时间状语连用，例如性的时间状语连用，例如for two hours或者是或者是since last month。如果我们想用它们来表达延续。如果我们想用它们来表达延续性的状态，就要把他们性的状态，就要把他们转化成对应的延续性动词转化成对应的延续性动词。borrow have/has keptShe has kept this book for two weeks.arrivehave/has been in/atKitty has been in Nanjing fo

2、r a month.leavehave/has been awayShe has been away from home for ten years.diehave/has been deadThe fish has been dead for two days.get marriedhave/has been marriedThey have been married for more than twenty years.begin/starthave/has been onThe meeting has been on for half an hour.buyhave/has hadHe

3、has had the watch for over two years.borrow have/has keptShe has kept this book for two e/gohave/has been in/atMy cousin has been in Beijing for a month.延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间性瞬间性动词动词之间的转化之间的转化1.He died 10 years ago. - He for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept t

4、he book for 2 weeks.has been dead for +时间段时间段以及以及since+since+时间点时间点要用延续性动词，要用延续性动词，die要要延续延续为为be deadbe deadfor +时间段时间段以及以及since+时间点时间点要用延续性动词，要用延续性动词， borrow要要延续延续为为 keep-kept -kept3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. (ago 表过去表过去buy变变 bought) -He the motorbike for a month.has hadhas hadfor +for

5、+时间段时间段要用延续性动词，要用延续性动词， buy buy要要延续延续为为 have-had-had have-had-had4. He arrived here three days ago. - He here since three days ago.has beenfor +时间段时间段以及以及since+时间点时间点要用延续性动词，要用延续性动词， arrive要要延续延续为为 be的过去分词是的过去分词是been5. They turned off the light 2 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. hours ago.

6、- The light - The light for 2 hours.for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. 6. He left here 2 years ago. - He from - He from here for 2 years.here for 2 years.has been onhas been awayleave-left-left延续为延续为be away/be away from +place7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The filmfor 30 minutes.has been

7、onhas been open8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The doorfor an hour.begin 延续为延续为be on,open延续为延续为be open9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door for an hour.has been closedclose 延续为延续为be close 10. He joined the army last year. - He has been a soldier for a year. - He has been in the army

8、 for a year. - It is a year since he joined the army. 1.I like Guilin. I _ there twice. A. go B. went C. have gone D. have been 此题中的此题中的twice（两次）表示经历过，（两次）表示经历过，去过去过Have/has been要用现在完成时，因此选要用现在完成时，因此选D。 2. Where”s Li Lei? He _ Beijing. A. goes to A. goes to B. went to C. has gone to B. went to C. ha

9、s gone to D. has been toD. has been to 此题的语境是李雷不在说话的地方，此题的语境是李雷不在说话的地方，因此要选因此要选 C。Have/has gone去了去了 3. He went to Toronto two years ago, so he _ Toronto for two tears. A.has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has gone 题目有题目有for two years这一个段时间，这一个段时间，而而have been to 和和have gone to都不能和段时间连用，都不能和

10、段时间连用，因此选因此选C has been in +地点地点+for+时段时段 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已（强调对现在的影响，

11、电影的内容已经知道了。）经知道了。）2）一般过去时一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用语连用; 一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in October, just now, - 具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语句子中如

12、有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时 （错）（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.2）一般过去时一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用语连用; 一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in

13、1990, in October, just now, 现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语（错）（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.3）现在完成时现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或可表

14、示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等。 She joined the League three years ago. (加入的动作不是延续的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). (在团内的状态可延续)Sh

15、e has been a League member for three years (since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续)一、选择填空 ( )1.Jims been to the Great wall before ,_he?(A)isnt (B)wasnt (C)hasnt (D)doesnt( )2.Shes never been to England, _she?(A)has (B)hasnt (C)isnt (D)is( )3._has Hanmei been in the library.(A)How long (B)How soon (C)How

16、far (D)How oftenC CAA( )4.Mr Green isnt in the office , He _to the library(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go( )5.Mr smith _to Tokyo and he will be back in a week(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has goneAD( )6.They_China for two years (A)have been to(B)have been in(c)have gone to (D)

17、have come toB句型转换1. He has never surfed, _(改成反意疑问句）? 2. They have been here since 2000 . (对划线部分提问) _ have they been here?has heHow longdie3. The old man _last year. He_ for a year.(die)diedhas been dead4. This factory opened twenty years ago.(改写句子，句意不变) This factory _ for twenty years.hour.5. Miss Gao left an hour ago. （同上） Miss Gao_ an hour agohas been openhas been away sinceIts +time since +过去式过去式6.The Green