状语从句(精讲精练)分析

1、 状语从句用法详解一、时间状语从句when, while, as, whenever;when, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。whenwhen表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。When I got home, my family were already hav ing dinner. 我至 U家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。【注意】当 when意思是正当 时候(and at that moment)时，when只能跟在前一分句之后。He was about to go to bed whe n the doorbel rang

2、.他正要上床，忽然门铃响了。They were watchi ng the World Cup whe n sudde nly the lights went out. 他们正看着世界杯比赛，突然灯灭了。 They had just arrived home when it began to rain. 他们刚至U家，天就开始下雨了。whilewhile通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。She fell asleep while she was readi ng the n ewspaper.她在看报的时候睡着了。

3、while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成 而。I am fond of En glish while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。We slept while the captain kept watch.我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。While they love the childre n, they are strict with them. 虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。asas表示 一边一边，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。They talked as they walked.他们边走

4、边聊。as表示随着，此用法不用when或while替代。As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer. 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。wheneverwhen ever是whe n的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。You are always welcome whenever you come. 无论你何时来都欢迎。When ever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 每当我们遇上困难的时候，他们就来帮我们。before, afterbefore表示在一

5、段时间之前。I must fin ish all the work before I go home. 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。He had learned English for three years before he went to London. 他去伦敦之前已学了三年英语。提示：before从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到就.还没来得及 就作此意时，从句中常见情态动词 can/ could。He ran off before I could stop him.我还没来得及阻止他，他就跑掉了。The man hung up the phone before I could

6、 answer it.我没坐多久他就回来了。Before I could get in a word, he measured me.我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。【必背】before常用句型It will be + 时间段+before+ 一般现在时：要等多久才 It will be five years before we meet again. 五年以后我们才能再见。It won t be long before+一般现在时：等不了多久就会 It will not be long before you regret what you have done.不用过多久你就会对你所作所为

7、感到后悔的。It was +时间段+before + 一般过去时：等了多久就 It was minutes before the police arrived. 过了几分钟警察才至U。It wasn t long before般过去时：没等多久就 It was not long before I realized I was wrong. 不久我就意识至 U我错了。【对比】It is/ has been +时间段+since + 一般过去时：自从 以来到现在已经有多长时间It is three years si nee the war broke out. 战争爆发以来已有三年。after表在

8、一段时间之后。Lets play football after school is over.放学后我们踢足球吧。The sun came out soon after the storm stopped.暴风雨过后不久，太阳出来了。till, until until /till用于肯定句时，表示直到为止，主句必须为持续性动词。We shall wait until till he comes back.我们将一直等到他回来。(注意它们的拼写)Everythi ng went well un til till that accide nt happe ned.直到发生那意外之前，一切都正常。

9、Not until表示直到 才 ，主句通常要用短暂动词I did nt leave un til she came back.直到她回来，我才离开的。I could hardly un dersta nd the theory un til my teacher expla ined it to me.直至 U老师向我解释我才理解 了那个理论。必背：not until句型的倒装句：当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。(Not until+ 助动词+主语+其他)Not until she stopped crying did I leave.直到她不哭了，我才离开的

10、。n ot un til 句型的强调句：句型 (It is/ was notun til .that )It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直至U她摘下墨镜，我才认出她。sincesince自以来。主句中通常现在完成时，since从句一般过去时。Where have you bee n si nee I last saw you自上次我见过你之后，你去了哪里？Since she was young, she has bee n collect ing stamps.她自年轻时起就一直集邮至今。

11、It is three years si nee he bega n to smoke .他开始扌由烟至 U现在已三年了。E . as soon asas soon as.可译为一就，用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。He rushed home as soon as he got the good n ews 他一得至 U这个好消息就奔回家。【必背】一 就还可以用on /upon doing结构来表示。On arriving home he called up Lester.=As soon as he arrived home, he called up Lester. 他一至U家就给莱

12、斯特打 电话F . hardlywhen,no sooner- than这两个短语都表示刚 就,可以互换，主句通常用去完成时。He had no sooner started out than he felt homesick.他刚出发就想起家来。He had hardly started his speech when some one rose to refute his poin ts.他刚开始发言，就有人站起来反驳他的 论点。【注意】当hardly (=scarcely) , no sooner位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。Hardly had she fallen asleep

13、 when a knock at the door woke her up.她刚要睡着，忽然敲门声把她吵醒。No sooner was the frost off the ground than the work began. 地上的霜一消散，人们就开始工作了。G. onceonce作连词时，也相当于 as soon as,但它含有的条件意味更浓，它引导的从句较短。Once you begi n, you must continue. 旦开了头，你就应当继续下去。Once you see him, you will n ever forget him. 你一旦见过他，就不会忘了他的。We we

14、re swimmi ng in the lakesudde nly the storm started.whe n B.whileC.u ntil D.before2.It was eveningwe reached the little tow n of Win chester.that B.u ntil C.si nee D.beforeYou can eat food free in my restaura nt you like.whe never B.wherever C.whatever D.however4.Scie ntists say it may be five or si

15、x yearsit is possible to test this medici ne on huma n patie nts.si neeB.after C.before D.whe nWe told that we should follow the main roadwe reached the cen tral railway stati on.whe never B.u ntil C.while D.wherever6.It is almost five yearswe saw each other last time.before B.si nee C.after D.whe n

16、7.Sim on thought his computer was brokenhis little brother poin ted out that he had forgotte n to tur n it on.A.un tilB.unl ess C.after D.becauseThe America n Civil War lasted four yearsthe North won in the end.A.afterB.before C.whe n D.then-Did Jack come back early last night ?-Yes .It was not yet

17、eight oclockhe arrived home.the old nA.beforeB.whe n C.that D.u ntil“ You cant have this football backyou promise not to kick it at my cat aga in.A.because B.since C.whe nD.un til11.1 had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towelI heard the steps.A.while B.whe n C.si

18、 nee D.after-How long do you think it will beChina sends a manned spaceship to the moon ?-Perhaps two or three years.A.whe n B.u ntilC.that D.before-Why did nt you tell him about the meeti ng ?-He rushed out of the roomI could say a word.A.before B.u ntilC.whe n D.after二、地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由 where, where

19、ver (where的强势语)wherewhere 在地方，去地方Where I live there are ple nty of trees.我住的地方树很多。I found my books where I had left them.我的书在我原来放的地方找到了。whereverwherever在任何地方，无论哪里Wherever you go, you should do your work well.不论到什么地方，都要把工作做好。Wherever I am I will be thi nking of you.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。三、原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因和理由

20、的从句。引导原因状语从句的有as, because, sin ce, now (that),A . because 因为Because I like it, I do it.因为我喜欢，所以我才干。He couldn t have seen me, because I was not th他不可能见过我，因为当时我不在那儿。【注意】because等词不能与 so连用。【误】 Because he was careless, so he failed in the exam.because后接陈述句；复合介词 because of后不能直接跟that从句或者是没有引导词的从句，其后可接 名词、代

21、词、动名词、what从句等。He is here because of you (that).他为你(那事)而来这里。He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting.他离开了这家公司，是因为老板在会上讲的 话。【正】I can t do the work because of my illness.【正】I can t do the work because I m ill.B . since既然。引导的从句大多置于句首Si nee you are all here, lets try and reach a d

22、ecisi on.既然大家都来了，咱们就设法做出一个决定吧。as由于。一般多用于句首。As he was not well enough, I had to go without him.由于他身体欠佳，我只好不带他去了。四、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的主要连词有so that, in order that等，从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如can, could,may, might, should 等。A . so that, in order that表示为了，以便，一般放在主句之后。They hurried so that they might not miss the train.他们

23、为了不误火车，才急急忙忙的。In order that every one prese nt might hear her clearly, she raised her voice aga in. 为了使在场的每个人都能听清 楚，她再次提高了声音。【注意】当主从句的主语一致时，so that和in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词不定式结构。We got up early so that we would arrive in time.为了能及时赶到，我们起得很早。They hurried so that they might not miss the train

24、.They hurried so as not to miss the train.五、结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so (that), so-that, such-that等。结果状语从句通常置于主句之后。so.that如此以致。其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：so +形容词/副词+ that-从句The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 风刮得那

25、么大，我们简直寸步难行。so +形容词 + a/ an +单数名词 + that-从句It was so hot a day that tey all went swimming.天是那么的热以致他们都去游泳了。He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited.他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以致大家都很激动。 so + many/few/much/little+ 复数名词 + that-从句I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块

26、，紫一块。He has so few friend that he often feels Ionely.他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible.昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。【注意】little表示小的时候，前面用suchHe is such a little boy that he can他是这么小的小小孩，提不到那个箱子such. thatsuch.that如此以致。其引导的结果语从句有如下四种结构：such + a/an +形容词 +单数可数名词 + that-从句Jenny i

27、s such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.詹妮是如此聪明的女孩，以至我们都非常喜欢她。such +形容词+复数名词+ that-从句He gave such importa nt reas ons that he was excused他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。3 . such +形容词+不可数名词 + that-从句He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.他的进步很快，老师表扬了他。1.If you are travelingthe cu

28、stoms are really foreig n to your own , please do as the Roma ns do.A.i n whichB.what C.whe n D.where2.ln peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send helpthere is human suffering.A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever-Mom , what did your doctor say ?-He advised me to livethe air is fresher.A.i

29、n whereB.in which C.the place where D.wherePare nts should take seriously their childre ns requests for sunglasseseye protect ion is n ecessary in sunnyweather.A.because B.though C.unl ess D.ifJenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, this was a memory she especiallytrea

30、sured.A.as B.if C.whe n D.whereRoses n eed special carethey can live through win ter.A.because B.so that C.eve n if D.as7.1d like to arrive 20 minu tes earlyI can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon as B.as a result C.i n case D.so thatYoud better take someth ing to read whe n you go to see the doc

31、tor you have to wait.A.eve n if B.as if C.i n case D.i n order thatHis pla n was such a good onewe all agreed to accept it.A.so B.a nd C.that D.as六、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的有if, unl ess, so/ as long asifIf he does nt come at 8, we wont wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow.如

32、果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。unlessunless = if not意思是如果不、除非。They will go tomorrow unl ess it rains.除非明天下雨，否则他们会去的。(They will go tomorrow if it does ntrain.)I wont let you in unless you show me your pass.女口果你不出示通行证，我就不让你进来。(=I wont let you inif you dont show me your pass.)so long as, as long as,只要As So long as we d

33、ont lose heart, well find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的方法。七、方式状语从句方式状语从句常由as, as if /as though等词引导。A . as其引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后Do in Rome as the Roma ns do.入乡随俗。Leave things as they are.让一切顺其自然。Please do as you are told.请按照人家告诉你做的去做。(也可说 Please do as told.)B . as if, as though由as i

34、f或as though引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，用陈述语气，表示所说 情况是事实或实现的可能性较大；也可以用虚拟语气的一般过去时或过去完成时表示与现在或过去不符 的或与事实相反的情况。汉译常作仿佛似的, 好像似的。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soo n.看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。)She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好象是生病了。由as if或as though引导的状语从句也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。表示与现在事实不相符，用一

35、般过去时The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.这位老师对待这位学生就像自己的亲生孩子一样。表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时He looks as if ( as though) he had bee n hit by light in g.他那样子就像被雷击了似的。表示与将来事实不相符，用would/ might/ couldIt looks as if it might rain.天看上去好像要下雨。(不大可能下雨)八、比较状语从句比较状语从句由as, than引导。A . as.as, the same as用于

36、同等程度级的比较。否定句用not so/as - as, not the same -asOur country is as big as the whole of Europe.我们的国同整个欧洲一样大。The result was not asso good as I had expected.结果不如我预料的那么好。She works in the same building as my sister.她和我的妹妹在同一大楼上班。thanthan表示不同程度级的比较It rains mor often in Shanghai than in Beijing. 上海下的雨比北京的多。He

37、is two in ches taller tha n his father. = He is taller tha n his father by two in ches. 他比他爸爸高两英寸。the more., the more.这是表示比例的比较，意思是越 就越。第一个the more也可以看成是一个条件。The more you read, the better you understand. 你看的书越多，你懂得就越多。(=If you read more, you willun dersta nd better.)The busier he is, the happier he

38、feels.他越忙越开心。The more difficult the questi ons are, the less likely I am to be able to an swer them. 问题越困难，我就越可能回 答。【必背】倍数的表达法：一些常见的倍数比较句型。倍数+名词(+of +比较对象)。常用名词：age, size, width, length, depth等。His father is double /twice his age.他爸爸的年龄是他的两倍。Our new school is four times the size of the old one. 我们的新

39、学校是老学校的四倍。倍数+asas+比较对象His father is twice /double as old as he (is).他爸爸的年龄是他的两倍。Our new school is four times as big as the old ne.我们的新学校是老学校的四倍大。倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+比较对象Our new school is three times bigger than the old one.我们的新学校比老学校大三倍。The room is twice the size of that on e.= The room is twice as bi

40、g as that one.The room is twice bigger tha n that one.you call me to say youre not coming , ni see you at the theatre.A.Though B.Whether C.U ntilD.Un lessWhat would you do if ittomorrow ?We have to carry it on , since weve got everything ready.A.rain B.rai nsC.will rain D.is rainingYou must keep on

41、work ing in the eveningyou are sure you can finish the task in time.A.as B.ifC.whe n D.u nlessyouve tried it , you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A.Un less B.Because C.Although D.When5.ln time of serious accidents , we know some basic things about first aid , we can save lives.A.whether B.u ntil C.

42、if D.u nlessWe wont keep winning gameswe keep play ing well.A.because B.u nless C.whe nD.whileenvironmental damages is done , it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.A.Eve n ifB.lf onlyC.WhileD.OnceHow can you expect to learn anythingyou never listen ?A.i n caseB.eve n if C.u nless D.whe n九

43、、让步状语从句 让步状语从句由 although, though, however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, when ever, wherever, whether (是否),no matter (who, what, etc), even if, even though 等词弓丨导。A . although, though这两个词意思一样，都解释虽然，尽管。Although he is you ng, he is very clever.他尽管年轻，但很聪明。Though he is poor, he is happy.他虽然穷，但很

44、快乐。B . even if, even though即使，两者可以通用。We wont be discouraged even if though we fail ten times.我们就是失败十次也不泄气。Even if though you fail, you will have ga in ed experie nee.纵然你失败，你也会得到一些经验。C. no matter (who, what, where, when, etc)这几个词引导的让步状语从句语气十分强烈。This is not true, no matter who says so.不管谁这么说，都不对。Do it

45、 no matter what others say.不管别人怎么说，尽管干。No matter how bus he was, he studied English every day.不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。D . however,在意思上和用法上都等于no matter howHowever (=No matter how) expe nsive it may be, Ill take it. 无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。whether.or (not) .whether.or (not) .意思是不管 还是。Whether you believe it or n ot, it

46、s true. 不管你信不信，这是真的。as连词as,同though 一样，也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要用特殊语序。You ng as he is, he knows a lot.他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。(=Though he is you ng, he ?.)Cold as it is, the children play outdoors.虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。tomorrowA. However the weather is likeC. Whatever is the weather likeThis is a very in teresti ng book. IA.

47、how much may it costour ship will set sail for Macao.However is the weather likeWhatever the weather is likell buy itno matter how it may costD. how may it costhowever much it may costHe tried his best to solve the problem ,difficult it was.A. however B. no matter C. whateverD. although,I have to pu

48、t it away and focus my atte nti on on study this week.A. However the story is amus ing B. No matter amus ing the story isHowever amus ing the story is D. No matter how the story is amus ingYou should try to get a good night s sleepmuch work you have to do.A. however B. no matter C. although D. whate

49、verWe had to wait half an hourwe had already booked a table.A. sin ceB. althoughC. un til D. beforehe has limited technical knowledge , the old worker has a lot of experienee.A. Since B. un less C. AsD. Although8 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice ,they knew it to be valuable.A. as if B. n

50、ow that C. even though D. so that, Carolina couldn t get the door open.A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try, he talks a lot about his favorite sin gers after class.A. A quiet stude nt as he may be B. Quiet stude nt as he may beC. Be a quiet stude nt as he m

51、ay D. Quiet as he may be a stude nt一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：Child as she is, she knows a lot of thin gs.The more I can do for the class, the happier I ll be.He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.He is such a good teacher that the stude nts love and respect him.shall go to the park uni

52、ess it rains.No sooner had I got home tha n it bega n to rain.Where there is water, there is life.He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.Since you are very busy, I wont trouble you.Even if (though) I fail. I ll never lose heart.Once you begi n the work, you must continue.I wil

53、l find her wherever she may be.Now that youve come, youd better have dinner with us.He was so excited that he could nt fall asleep.We must do everyth ing as he tells us.In dia is much bigger tha n Japa n.No matter whe n you come, you are warmly welcome.As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up

54、 with the other classmates.即时演练：单句填空。Peter was excitedhe received an in vitati on from his frie nd to visit Beiji ng.Na ncy enjoyed herself so muchshe visited her frie nd in Sydney last year.3.It just is n t fair,I was work ing as a waiter last mon th, my friend were lying on the beach.she grew olde

55、r, she became more beautiful.5.It is almost five or six yearswe saw each other last time.You d better not leave the medicinekids can get at it.Jack didn t marryhe was forty-five.The pla ne had took offhe arrived at the airport.he had lived in the south for n early 20 years, he decided to go to seek

56、his fortune in the n orth.Bamboo grows well it has ple nty of rai n.The engine stopped runningthe fuel was fini shed.There is must be no one in the housethe door is closed.We will have a picnic tomorrow it rains or it s very cold.The old tower must be saved the cost is.He tried his best to solve the

57、 problem,difficult it was.“ You can t have this football backyou promise not to kick at my cat again, ” the old man saidfirmly.It s known to all thatyou exercise regularly, you won t keep good health.In time of serious accide nts,we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.I were yo

58、u, I would go and work there.语篇模拟1:在下面短文空格处填入一个适当的词。went to the seaside to spe nd my holiday last summer holiday with my faily. One day, I was swimmi ng inthe riversome one shouted, “ Look out. There is a shark not far away! ” On heari ng the shout, I wasscared to deathI was well aware of its dangerous characteristic. “ Just don t worry, Tom!” myfather said to me. “ but lets go back to our hotel and we can avoid being harmed.We stayed in the seaside for about two weeks. the weather was much hotter than that in myhometow n, I got used to it.Every mornin g,I got up e