外文资料翻译

1、6 Door system As an integrated and important part in lift, door system is used as a passage for passengers. It is the first unit passengers will encounter, so its quality has a direct impact on the whole evaluation of the lift. 作为电梯的一个整体和重要组成部分，门系统作为乘客通道。它是第一个会遇到乘客的单位，所以它的质量好坏直接影响到整个电梯的评价。From above

2、 mentioned, there are two types of doors: sliding door and rotary door and the former is frequently used. For rotary door which is usually used in small apartments, landing door is pulled or pushed after car stops on landing; landing door is locked if car is not on landing. It hardly occupies any we

3、ll space, so rotary door is especially applicable to life without car door. 以上讲，门有两种类型：拉门和旋转门，前者经常使用。对于小型公寓经常使用的旋转门，轿厢在着陆后停下来推拉或推门；如果轿厢不在着陆，则登陆门被锁住。它几乎不占用任何井的空间，所以旋转门特别适用于没有轿门的存在。According to its door open direction, sliding door can be classified into central-parting, partial-opening and vertical b

4、i-parting door。 根据门的开启方向，滑动门可分为中心分型、部分开口和垂直双分离门。6-1 Car door system and door operator6-1门系统和门操作装置6-1-1 Car door system6-1-1门系统Car door is composed of car door head, door sling board, car door and safety edge (or light curtain), as shown in figure 6-1. 轿门由轿门门头，吊板、车门与安全的边缘（或光幕），如图6-1所示。Made of 3mm ste

5、el board, car door head is fixed in the front of car top. On door head is mounted guide rails; supported and guided by rails, car door is running. 由3mm钢板，轿门头固定在轿厢顶前。门头安装导轨，导轨支撑，轿门运行。Car door sling board is used to hoist car door. On sling board are mounted two groups of sling rollers to support rail

6、s. Driven by sling rollers, car door will slide along guide rails. Below the sling roller are two groups of lock rollers with deflecting axis, which are fastened below guide rails; the gap between lock roller and lower space of guide rails can be adjusted by means of deflecting axis, to prevent slin

7、g board from falling out of rails. 轿厢吊板是用来吊起轿门的。吊板上安装两组吊索以支撑钢轨。吊辊驱动，轿门沿导轨滑动。在悬吊滚轮是两组转向轴锁轮，这是固定在导轨；导轨锁辊、下空间之间的差距可以由偏转轴调整装置，防止吊板脱离轨道。Ordinary steel car door is made of 1.5mm cold reduced steel board, with back welded. According to customers request and car decoration, ordinary steel door can be stuck

8、with 0.7mm thick-hair-line stainless steel or glass stainless steel boards. 普通钢轿门是用1.5mm的冷轧钢板，背部焊接。根据客户要求及轿门装饰、普通钢制门可以贴0.7mm厚发纹不锈钢、镜面不锈钢板。Car door can also be made of 1.5mm stainless steel. 轿门也可以用1.5mm的不锈钢。As safety part, door safety edge is mounted on car door. Central-parting door can be equipped

9、with double safety edge or single safety edge, according to customers request. Exterior hem of safety edge is always protruding door edge by 26mm. When car door is closing, if safety edge touches passengers or object, safety edge switch will close, giving off door-open signals, making car door re-op

10、en, thus playing a role in protecting. 作为安全部件，轿门安全边安装在轿门上。中央分户门可根据客户要求配备双安全边缘或单安全边缘。安全边缘的外部边总是突出门边了26mm。轿门关闭时，如果安全边缘接触乘客或物体，安全边缘开关就会关闭，发出开门信号，使轿门重新开启，起到保护作用。Most modern lifts are equipped with light curtain to replace safety edge. 大多数现代电梯都配备了轻型窗帘，以取代安全边缘。6-1-2 Door operator 6-1-2 门操作装置As power provi

11、der for closing and opening door, motor will drive car door to move, which will drive landing door to move. 作为关门和开门的电源，电机会带动轿门移动，从而带动门的移动。Driving system can be chosen according to lift application. For instance, OTIS MRDS door operator adopts gear driving, while Thyssen F5 door operator does gear be

12、lt driving. 驱动系统可根据电梯应用选择。例如，奥蒂斯MRDS门机采用齿轮传动，而蒂森F5门机没有齿轮传动。Usually mounted on car top, door operator can be located in the center or side of the front of car top according to door opening modes. 通常安装在轿厢顶部，门操作人员可以根据轿门开启方式位于轿厢顶部的中心或侧面。Door operator is classified into DC motor and AC motor; speed viabl

13、e types include voltage-viable-speed and frequency-viable. 门机分为DC电机和交流电机，速度可行的类型包括电压可行的速度和频率可行。In figure 6-2 is shown Thyssen F5 door operator. 图6-2所示蒂森F5门机。F5 door operator is driven by the gear belt of vertically arranged sliding gear. Door operator is vertically mounted on door head through verti

14、cally driving axis; driven by gear belt, car door is recurrently moving, thus obviating auxiliary components. F5门机带动齿轮皮带垂直排列的滑动齿轮。门机垂直安装在门头通过垂直驱动轴；齿轮皮带驱动，车门反复移动，从而消除辅助元件。Adopting gearless AC asynchronous motor, F5 door operator is controlled by frequency inverter. The mechanism of F5 door operator i

15、s as follows: electrically controlled device will determine door position based on running time curve, outputting optimum running speed. Door control will output specific running time curve to control door movement. Running time curve is not limited by vacillation; all running time parameters are de

16、cided by the settings of door-open, door-close, door-nudge and door-reopen. 采用无齿轮交流异步电机，F5门机采用变频控制。F5门机的机理为：电控装置依据运行时间曲线计算门的位置，输出最佳的运行速度。门控制将输出特定的运行时间曲线来控制门的移动。运行时间曲线不受动摇；所有运行的时间参数的设置决定开门，关门，门推门打开。Door operator will automatically test whether door has reached terminal position and give off individua

17、l terminal position signal to lift control system, later output terminal position torque which can be find-tuned under the effect of individual control signals. 门操作人员将自动测试门是否已到达终端位置并发出单独的终端位置信号解除控制系统，稍后输出端位置转矩在个别控制信号的作用下可以被发现调整。Door will remain in adjustable range of definite terminal position. Term

18、inal position signals to lift control system will remain effective no matter whether corresponding signals have been sent or not. This circumstance is as the same as that of terminal position switch. 门操作人员将自动测试门是否已到达终端位置并发出单独的终端位置信号解除控制系统，稍后输出端位置转矩在个别控制信号的作用下可以被发现调整。In figure 6-3 is shown door open

19、and door close time curve. 图6-3显示开门和关门的时间曲线。图6-5 F5门机Figure 6-5 F5 door operator 6-2 Landing door system6-2电梯门系统Mounted on the entrance to each landing, landing door serves as passage to lift for passengers. 安装在每一个入口的入口处，降落门作为乘客的通道。Landing door is composed of door frame, door panel, door head frame,

20、 sling door roller, sill and interlock. Door frame is composed of top transom (door rail or upper door sill), left and right side transoms, as shown in figure 6-4. Whether lift is running or not, doors of any other landing should be closed except that of the landing on which car is parking. Landing

21、door is classified into central-parting, partial-parting and vertically-bi-parting door according to door open / close direction.Lock flipHook lockClosed edge 落地门由门框、门板、门头架、吊门滚轮、门槛和联锁装置组成。门架是由上横梁（门轨或上门槛），左、右侧横梁，如图6-4。无论电梯是否运行，任何其他降落的门都应关闭，除非车停在其上。按门开/关方向分为中心分型、部分分型和垂直双分离门。Being the most important sa

22、fety part in lift, door interlock on landing door is also calledhook bolt. To illustrate its mechanism, we take GS door lock for example. When lift isnormal operation, vane of car door runs through door lock roller. When door is opened in a landing, door van moves toward lift along with car door, pu

23、shing lock arm roller which will rotate clockwise to disengage from hook, meanwhile, conduction seat of bolt head disengages from electrical contact switch. When bolt arm rotation is retained by limit block, door vane finishes unlocking and landing door is driven to move horizontally. Movement of la

24、nding door makes car cam 2 retained by block to rotate clockwise; influenced by spring, movable roller will approach door vane rapidly, so that two rollers will clutch door vane. Door closing, door vane pushes movable rollers to the right ; when approaching closing position, bumping roller 1 is reta

25、ined by block to rotate counter clockwise and drives whole rollers seat reset, enabling movable rollers to disengage door vane. Under the influence of spring, bolt arm engages with bolt hook, conduction seat contacts electrical contact head, and lift control circuit closes. 作为电梯中最重要的安全部件，门上的门联锁也叫钩形螺

26、栓。说明它的机制，比如我们的门锁以GS。电梯时正常操作，轿门叶片贯穿门锁滚轮。当车门在登陆打开，门车走向随着车门升降，推锁臂滚轮将顺时针旋转脱离挂钩，同时，螺栓头导电座脱离电触点开关。当限位块保持螺栓臂转动时，门片完成解锁和起落门驱动水平移动。升降门的运动使汽车凸轮2由块保持顺时针方向旋转；受弹簧的影响，可移动的滚轮迅速靠近门片，使两个滚轮将离合器门片。门关闭，门叶推动滚轮的权利；当接近关闭的位置，碰轮1是保留块逆时针旋转，带动整个滚轮座复位，使动滚轮脱离门叶。在弹簧的作用下，螺栓臂与螺栓钩、导电座触头电触头、升降控制电路闭合。In figure 6-6 is shown the automa

27、tic door lock of Thyssen lift, called hook bolt which is a mechanical door lock with electrical contact and equipped on each landing door. Lock housing and electrical contacts are equipped on door head frame; lock hook is equipped on landing door. According to safety regulations, all landing door lo

28、cks should be in parallel connection with control circuit (all sub landing door electrical lock must be in parallel connection with this circuit). Only when all landing doors are closed and interlock hook is anchored with lock housing hook with engagement depth more than 7mm, door interlock electric

29、al contact can be connected. 图6-6所示，蒂森电梯自动门锁，称为钩形螺栓是一种机械门锁电气触点的装备在每个层门。门架上装有锁壳和电气触点，门上装有锁钩。根据安全规程，所有的落地门锁应与控制电路并联（所有子门电气锁必须与此电路并联）。只有当所有的落地门关闭，锁钩锚啮合深度超过7mm的锁壳钩、门联锁触点可以连接。After door electrical contacts of all landing door are closed, lift door circuit will be closed, so that lift can start moving. If

30、 any landing door is not closed or hook engagement is not deep enough, electrical contact will not be closed, making lift unable to start moving. 所有门的门电气触点关闭后，电梯门电路将被关闭，电梯开始移动。如果任何着陆门没有关闭或钩接触不够深，电气接触将不会被关闭，使电梯无法启动移动。Landing door is normally closed under the impact of door lock. Only when car arrives

31、 at a certain landing and leveling position, landing door on this landing can be opened by door opening vane on car door; otherwise, door can not be opened outside landing door. For some lifts, to facilitate maintenance, lift manufacturers equip each landing door with triangular key lock by which qu

32、alified technicians can open landing door outside a certain landing. 落地门通常在门锁的影响下关闭。只有当轿厢到达一定的着陆和找平位置时，轿厢门上的开门叶片才能打开此登陆门，否则门不能在门的外面打开。对于一些电梯，为了便于维修，电梯制造商配备每个三角形的钥匙锁，合格的技术人员可以打开一个特定的着陆着陆门。7 Lift control systemLift control system is used to manipulate each control process by managing such commands as

33、running direction, car call, landing call, load signal, landing indication, safety protection. 电梯控制系统通过运行指令、车辆呼叫、着陆呼叫、负载信号、着陆指示、安全保护等命令来控制各个控制过程。Lifts in different applications have different load, speed and drive / control modes. Lifts in same application may also have different control mode. Whate

34、ver control mode is adopted, the objective is the same, to be specific, according to car call and landing call, lift control system will execute automatic logic judgment to determine which lift will receive signal, which direction lift will run towards and complete programmed control objective throu

35、gh electrical automatic system based on command. 电梯在不同的应用有不同的负载，速度和驱动器/控制模式。同一应用中的电梯也可能有不同的控制模式。无论是采用的控制模式，目标是相同的，具体说来，根据汽车 ，登陆呼叫，电梯控制系统将执行自动逻辑判断来确定将哪个方向接收信号，电梯的运行方向，并完成预定的控制目的通过基于命令的电气自动化系统。7-1 Types of lift control system 7-1电梯控制系统类型Control system development chronicle indicates that there has app

36、eared many control modes, such as such as relay control, PLC, single computer control, multiple-computer control. Prevailing in different era, these control modes are still employed in lifts now due to massive integrated circuit and computer technology development. 控制系统的发展历史表明，出现了多种控制方式，如继电器控制、PLC、单

37、片机控制、多机控制等。在不同的时代，由于大规模集成电路和计算机技术的发展，电梯的控制方式仍在使用。7-1-1 Relay contact control system7-1-1继电器-触点控制系统Mainly used before 1980, this control mode is simple in structure and easy to understand and master. However, it has almost been out of use because of having such advantages as wear-prone contact, poor

38、contact, slow close-closing contact, big volume, time-demanding maintenance, high cost. 这种控制方式结构简单，易于理解和掌握，主要用于1980。但由于易磨损、接触不良、缓闭触点、体积大、维修时间长、成本高等优点，已逐渐被淘汰。7-1-2 Semiconductor logic system7-1-2半导体逻辑系统With semiconductor technology development and application in 1960, relay contactor system with cont

39、act has been replaced by transistor and diode. This control mode does not have the disadvantages above mentioned, but it is designed based on “hardware” logic computation, to be specific, wiring is based on algorithm and requirement, and wiring of each control component must be made separately. Wiri

40、ng must be modified if programmed control requirement (algorithm) is changed. 随着半导体技术的发展和应用，1960，继电器接触器系统已被替换的晶体管和二极管。这种控制方式没有上述缺点，但它是基于“硬件”逻辑计算而设计的，具体地说，布线是基于算法和要求的，每个控制元件的布线必须分开进行。如果编程控制要求（算法）被改变，布线必须被修改。7-1-3 PLC control system7-1-3PLC控制系统As abbreviation of programmable logic controller, PLC is a

41、n electronic system featuring digital computation. It adopts programmable EPROM to execute logic computation, order control, timing, number counting, arithmetic computation, besides, it can input and output through digital or analogy modes. PLC作为可编程控制器的简称，是一种以数字计算为核心的电子系统。它采用可编程序的存储器执行逻辑运算、顺序控制、定时、计

42、数、算术运算，并能通过数字式或模拟式输入和输出。The mechanism of PLC control is as follows: input of PLC includes such command signals, as power key to home landing, car call, landing call, various safety switches, position signal, while output of PLC includes contactor, relay, indicators of car / landings and communicatio

43、n unit. PLC控制的机理如下：PLC的输入包括这样的命令信号，如电源键，家庭着陆，汽车呼叫，着陆呼叫，各种安全开关，位置信号，而PLC的输出包括接触器，继电器，指标的汽车/着陆和通信单元。ay, indicators inside car and switch, position signal, are input to PC, while other executing comProgramming principle is determined by lift control mode. Programming can either be made according to rel

44、ay logic control circuit or individually in different phases according to lift control functions after completely separating from relay control circuit. Based on the ready made control circuit, the former is simple and easy to master, while the latter involves less programs by integrating programs o

45、f small function. 编程原理由升力控制方式决定。在继电器控制电路完全分离后，根据继电器控制功能，可根据继电器逻辑控制电路或单独根据不同的阶段进行编程。基于现成的控制电路，前者简单，易于掌握，而后者涉及较少的程序集成小功能的程序。Used in lift control system, PLC has such advantages, as high reliability, stability, easy programming, user-friendliness, convenient maintenance & inspection. PLC用于电梯控制系统，具有可靠性高

46、、稳定性好、编程简单、使用方便、维护方便等优点。Nowadays, there is a wide range and series of programmable logic controllers. Input / output points range from 30 to 8000 or above, so as to meet lift control requirements with different landing number. 如今，有一系列广泛的可编程逻辑控制器。输入/输出点范围从30到8000或以上，以满足不同着陆数的电梯控制要求。 7-1-4 Computer co

47、ntrol system7-1-4计算机控制系统Computer control system, in essence, will make control algorithm fixed by means of programming (software) in “program EPROM” rather than by “hardware” logic. For lift controls that require different functions, only software in “program EPROM” needs changing without modifying

48、or deducting “Hardware” wiring. Computer has developed from massive integrate circuit, featuring more functions, more flexible control and wider applications. 在本质上，计算机控制系统，使控制算法通过编程（软件）固定在“程序存储器”而不是“硬件”的逻辑。对于不同功能要求的电梯控制系统，只有软件在“程序存储器”需要改变而不需要修改或扣除“硬件”接线。计算机由大规模集成电路发展而来，具有功能多、控制灵活、应用广泛等特点。7-1-4-1 Mic

49、ro control unit (MCU) 7-1-4-1微控制器Featuring low cost, strong compatibility, better flexibility and easy manipulation, MCU can be custom-tailored. 8-bit computer is enough to complete a series of logic judgment for lift control. 具有成本低、兼容性强、灵活性好、操作方便等特点，可定制单片机。8位计算机足以完成电梯控制的一系列逻辑判断。7-1-4-2 Computer con

50、trol system for single lift 7-1-4-2单电梯控制系统Controlled by computer, individual lift control system can be equipped with two or more computers. For instance, one computer is used for communication between machine room and car, while the other for various control of car. 通过计算机控制，个人电梯控制系统可以配备两台或两台以上的计算机。

51、例如，一台计算机用于机房和汽车之间的通信，而另一台用于汽车的各种控制。In signal transmission and control, there are parallel and serial interface transmission modes. Characteristic of high speed, the former needs a large number of interfaces and transmission lines and does badly in anti-interference ability, while the latter is chara

52、cteristic of economy in interface and cable amount, high reliability and strong anti-interference ability. To serially scan landing call and car call, main machine will give off serial scanning signals, and then scanners distributed in each landing will have an effect on serial signals and communica

53、te with main machine, so as to register and display signals. In the order control of car, after collecting various controls protection and testing signals from car interior / exterior, well and machine room, computer will execute logic judgment and compute according to software program and determine

54、 operation order and mode. 在信号传输和控制方面，有并行和串行接口传输方式。高速的特点，前者需要大量的接口和传输线，抗干扰能力差，后者具有接口和电缆数量经济、可靠性高、抗干扰能力强等特点。对串行扫描着陆呼叫和汽车呼叫，主机将发出串行扫描信号，然后在每个登陆分布的扫描仪将对串行信号的影响，并与主机通信，以便登记和显示信号。在汽车的秩序控制中，在收集汽车内外、井、机房等各种控制保护和测试信号后，计算机按照软件程序执行逻辑判断和计算，确定操作顺序和模式。7-1-4-3 Group control multiple computer control system7-1-4-3

55、群控系统Group control is defined as the integrated control and management of multiple lifts in an effort to improve the efficiency of multiple lifts in a high-rise building, save energy and reduce waiting time. Currently, adopting multiple computer control systems, group control aims at collecting call

56、signals and working status of multiple lifts, optimizing the operation of lifts, exchanging information between the computer of group control and that of individual lift, so as to diagnose and eliminate errors. 群控是指对多台电梯进行综合控制和管理，以提高高层建筑中多台电梯的效率，节约能源，减少等待时间。目前，采用多台微机控制系统，控制的目的是收集呼叫信号和多个电梯工作状态，优化电梯的运

57、行，信息交换组控制计算机之间，个别电梯，以便诊断和消除错误。7-2 Lift control function7-2电梯控制功能Many functions are involved from the time landing call is pressed to the time passengers get out of car, such as response to call, start-up, running, stop, door-open / close. In the design of lift control system, some functions are stan

58、dard, while some optional, which customers can select. Below is the introduction of typical control functions for collective selective lift. 许多功能都涉及从时间降落呼叫是按时间的乘客下车，如响应呼叫，启动，运行，停止，门开/关。在电梯控制系统的设计中，有些功能是标准的，有些是可选的，用户可以选择。下面是典型的控制功能的集体选择性电梯的介绍。7-3 Response to car call 7-3轿厢应答Car call and landing call

59、are referred to as call signals. 轿厢呼叫和着陆呼叫称为呼叫信号。7-3-1 Response to car call7-3-1轿厢应答 If car call is on the same direction as car running, car will respond according to order. 如果轿厢呼叫与轿厢行驶方向相同，轿厢将按命令进行响应。If car is dwelling on a certain landing or decelerating towards a certain landing, car call of the

60、 landing will not be registered. 如果轿厢是在一个特定的着陆或减速向某居住的登陆，登陆车的命令将不会应答。If a car call is registered, car call indicator or LED will light up and display. 如果轿厢命令登记、呼叫指示灯或LED会亮起，显示。 Car call will be canceled at door zone. 轿厢呼叫将取消在门区。7-3-2 Response to landing call 7-3-2着陆响应 If landing call is on the same