乙型肝炎病毒

1、乙型肝炎病毒乙型肝炎病毒乙型肝炎計畫 教育研討會Hepatitis B ProjectEducational SeminarExecutive Office BuildingJanuary 16, 2009Asian American Health InitiativeDepartment of Health and Human ServicesMontgomery County, Maryland乙型肝炎計畫 Executive Office Buildi概要 Overview講座前小測驗Pretest關於AAHI About AAHI乙型肝炎計劃概要 Hepatitis B Project

2、 Overview什麼是乙型肝炎?What is Hepatitis B?你會得到什麼服務?What service will you receive?講座後小測驗Posttest下一步Next Steps概要 Overview講座前小測驗Pretest關於Asian American Health Initiative (AAHI)AAHI 於 2004 年成立，是蒙哥馬利郡健康和人類服務部之下的組織。亞裔美國人健康促進協會(AAHI)的任務是發展符合蒙郡各亞裔美國人族群需求的合適健康計畫。AAHI was funded in 2004 and is a part of the Montgo

3、mery County Department of Health and Human Services.The mission is to develop appropriate health programs that meet the need of a diverse group of Asian Americans living in the County.關於Asian American Health IAAHI Programs癌症Cancer乙型肝炎Hepatitis B 骨質疏鬆Osteoporosis 糖尿病Diabetes戒煙Tobacco Control健康促進員計劃 H

4、ealth Promoters Program病人導航計劃 Patient Navigator ProgramAAHI Programs癌症Cancer乙型肝炎計畫背景Hepatitis B Project BackgroundAsian American Health Initiative (AAHI)美京華人活動中心CCACC乙型肝炎計畫 Project免費的乙型肝炎教育,篩檢,協助安排轉診以施打疫苗或接受進一步的治療FREE Hepatitis B education, screening and referrals to vaccination or treatment 馬里蘭州蒙哥馬

5、利郡年滿 18 歲的居民 Adults over the age of 18 living in Montgomery County, Maryland 計畫開放給各種收入水準或保險狀態的成人參與，沒有門檻限制Open to all adults regardless of income level or insurance status. 乙型肝炎計畫背景Asian American Health 討論主題概覽An Overview of Hepatitis B什麼是乙型肝炎? What is Hepatitis B?亞裔人口間的流行程度 Prevalence in Asian popula

6、tions乙型肝炎對健康的威脅How it threatens your health症狀 Symptoms預防的方式 What you can do to prevent it乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 的治療 Treatment for HBV討論主題概覽An Overview of Hepatit什麼是乙型肝炎? What is Hepatitis B?乙型肝炎病毒很容易傳播，且可能導致肝臟疾病。乙型肝炎病毒的感染力比人類免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 高出百倍，因此，瞭解如何保護自己和家人遠離乙型肝炎病毒的威脅，重要性實在不可小覷。乙型肝炎病毒是透過受到感染的血液及體液來傳佈，且可能導致慢性或

7、急性乙型肝炎感染。 急性感染是短期疾病，也是乙型肝炎最常見的型態。曾經發生急性感染者就會產生免疫力，不會再遭到乙型肝炎病毒的感染。 Hepatitis B is caused by the Hepatitis B Virus that is easily transmitted and may cause liver disease. The Hepatitis B Virus is over 100 times more infectious than HIV so it is important to learn how you can protect yourself and your

8、family.The Hepatitis B Virus is passed through infected blood and bodily fluids and can cause “chronic” or “acute” Hepatitis B infection. Acute Hepatitis B infection is a short term illness and the most common form of Hepatitis B. Individuals that previously had an acute infection are immune from be

9、ing re-infected by the Hepatitis B Virus. 什麼是乙型肝炎? What is Hepatitis B?什麼是乙型肝炎? What is Hepatitis B?慢性乙型肝炎感染是乙型肝炎的長期型態，也是一種嚴重的疾病，會提高發生肝癌、肝硬化 (肝臟的瘢痕) 及死亡的風險。若未進行適當的監控與治療，有高達四分之一的慢性乙型肝炎患者會死於肝癌或肝硬化。Chronic Hepatitis B infection is a long term form of Hepatitis B and is a serious illness that increases

10、your risk for liver cancer, cirrhosis (scarring of the liver), and death.When left unmonitored and untreated, up to one out of four individuals with Chronic Hepatitis B will die from liver cancer or cirrhosis.什麼是乙型肝炎? What is Hepatitis B?亞裔人口間的流行程度Prevalence in Asian Populations有十分之一的亞裔美國人罹患慢性乙型肝炎，而

11、美國白人罹患同種疾病的比例只有千分之一。 其中，華裔美國人發展成乙型肝炎相關肝癌的風險，比白人高出六倍。疾病管制局建議在亞洲出生者接受檢測，瞭解是否感染此高感染力的病毒。 1 out of 10 Asian Americans has chronic Hepatitis B compared to 1 in 1000 Caucasian Americans.Chinese Americans, in particular, have a 6 fold higher risk for developing Hepatitis B-related liver cancer than Caucasi

12、ans.The Centers for Disease Control recommends that individuals both in Asia be tested for this highly infectious virus.亞裔人口間的流行程度Prevalence in AsianB 型肝炎病毒對我的健康有何威脅？ How does it threaten your health?其中一種普遍的感染方式是亞裔美國人是在出生時，嬰兒從遭到感染的母親身上染上乙型肝炎病毒。兩歲之前遭到感染者，較有可能發展成慢性乙型肝炎。這也是亞裔美國人罹患慢性乙型肝炎的比例如此高的主要原因。A co

13、mmon way that Asian Americans get Hepatitis B is when an infected mother passes the virus to the baby during childbirth. Individuals infected in the first two years of the life are much more likely to develop Chronic Hepatitis B. This is one of the reasons, Asian Americans have such a high rate of C

14、hronic Hepatitis B.B 型肝炎病毒對我的健康有何威脅？ How does it 乙型肝炎怎樣傳染?How is Hepatitis B Spread?瞭解乙型肝炎的散佈方式，以保護您摯愛的親朋好友，這一點非常重要。It is important to understand how Hepatitis B is spread to protect your loved ones.透過遭到污染的血液傳佈。血液中的乙型肝炎病毒感染肝臟 It spreads through contaminated blood. HBV in the blood infects the liver.

15、 乙型肝炎可以從以下方式傳染You can spread it by:經由產道傳給新生兒During childbirth發生沒有做好保護措施的性行為Having unprotected sex共用牙刷、靜脈注射針頭、指甲剪或刮鬍刀 Sharing toothbrushes, intravenous needles, nail clippers or razors接觸到遭感染的血液 Contaminated blood contact乙型肝炎怎樣傳染?How is Hepatitis B S乙型肝炎怎樣傳染? How is Hepatitis B Spread?以下方式不會傳染病毒 You c

16、annot spread it by:共用杯子或器皿Sharing cups or utensils親吻或擁抱Kissing or hugging打噴嚏或咳嗽Sneezing or coughing餵母乳Breast feeding共享食物或飲水Sharing food or water辦公室環境 (日常接觸) Office setting (casual contact)乙型肝炎怎樣傳染? How is Hepatitis B 症狀 Symptoms許多人根本沒有症狀，並在不知情的狀況下傳播病毒。(您看來沒問題，非常健康。您最近曾到醫院做定期體檢。這就是乙型肝炎被暱稱為 無聲感染的原因) M

17、any people have no symptoms and can spread it unknowingly. (You look fine and healthy. You have been to the doctor recently for a regular check-up. This is why it is nicknamed the “silent infection”)症狀 Symptoms症狀 Symptoms如果您出現症狀，可能包括：If you do have symptoms, they may be:類似流感的症狀Flu-like symptoms疲倦 Fa

18、tigue (tired or weak)噁心 Nausea (feel like you are going to throw up)黃疸Jaundice (yellow eyes/skin)關節疼痛 Joint Pain深黑色尿液Dark urine (tea-like colored)食慾減退 Loss of appetite (not hungry)症狀通常到了疾病後期才會出現，因此，透過乙型肝炎篩檢及早確知病況至為重要.Symptoms tend to appear in the later stages of disease so it is very important for

19、early detection.症狀 Symptoms如果您出現症狀，可能包括：If you預防乙型肝炎的步驟Steps in Protecting Yourself from Hepatitis B篩檢以得知你的狀況Screening: Know Your Status施打疫苗Vaccination成人Adults小孩Babies預防乙型肝炎的步驟Steps in Protecting 乙型肝炎篩檢Hepatitis B Screening乙型肝炎篩檢是簡易的血液測驗，可以判別您的狀況屬於哪一類:Hepatitis B screening is a simple blood test tha

20、t will tell if you:未感染乙型肝炎Do not have Hepatitis B infection已感染乙型肝炎Have Hepatitis B infection曾經感染乙型肝炎病毒Were infected in the past with Hepatitis B Virus乙型肝炎篩檢Hepatitis B Screening乙型乙型肝炎篩檢的項目Hepatitis B Blood Panel乙型肝炎篩檢的項目包括 Hepatitis B Blood test includes:乙型肝炎表面抗原測試 -目的是尋找您的血液中存在病毒的證據Surface Antigen

21、Test (HBsAg) looks for evidence of virus in your blood 乙型肝炎表面抗體測試-目的是尋找身體具備免疫力的證據。Surface Anti-body Test (HBsAb) looks for evidence of immunity.HBsAg HBsAb 診斷Diagnosis- (陰性negative)+ (陽性positive)免疫力Immune- (陰性negative)- (陰性negative)需施打疫苗Needs Vaccine+ (陽性positive)已感染Infected 乙型肝炎篩檢的項目Hepatitis B Blo

22、od P乙型肝炎疫苗Hepatitis B Vaccination如你的乙型肝炎表面抗體及表面抗原篩檢結果為陰性, 你需施打疫苗。 If the screening results indicate that you are negative for Hepatitis B antibodies and antigens, you need the vaccine只要接種 3 劑疫苗系列，您就能獲得終生的乙型肝炎防護。 If you receive the 3 shot vaccine series, you will be protected from Hepatitis B for the

23、 rest of your life. 無反應率約為 5%；施打第 3 劑之後，請向醫師洽詢測試疫苗反應的詳情。您可能需要反覆接種疫苗系列。 There is a up to a 5% non-responsive rate; After the third shot, please talk to a doctor about test of response to vaccine. The vaccination series may need to be repeated. 2月 February3月 March4月 April5月 May6月 June7月 July第 1 劑Shot

24、1第 2 劑Shot 2第 3劑Shot 3乙型肝炎疫苗Hepatitis B Vaccination乙型肝炎治療Hepatitis B Treatment雖然乙型肝炎無法治癒，但仍有一些治療方式可以處理與控制此病毒。 Although there is no cure for Hepatitis B, there is treatment to manage and control the virus.請謹記，若未進行適當的監控與治療，有高達四分之一的慢性乙型肝炎患者會死於肝癌或肝硬化。Remember, when Hepatitis B infection is left unmonito

25、red and untreated up to one out of four individuals will die from liver cancer or cirrhosis.請向醫師洽詢適合您的療程，因為每個人的情況都不一樣。It is important to speak with a physician to see what the best action is for you, as it varies from person to person.乙型肝炎治療Hepatitis B Treatment雖然結論 Conclusion請牢記以下重點 Main points to

26、remember乙型肝炎是病毒感染，會導致肝臟疾病。Hepatitis B is a viral infection that causes liver disease.有十分之一的亞裔美國成人罹患慢性乙型肝炎1 out of 10 Asian American Adults has Chronic Hepatitis 若未進行適當的監控與治療，有高達四分之一的患者會死於肝癌或肝硬化When left unmonitored and untreated, up to one out of 4 individuals will die from liver cancer or cirrhosis

27、其中，華裔美國人發展成乙型肝炎相關肝癌的風險，比白人高出六倍。Chinese Americans, in particular, are at 6 times higher risk for developing -Hepatitis B-related liver cancer than Caucasians.乙型肝炎不僅可以預防，也可以治療Hepatitis B is both preventable and treatable如果您不確定自己是否感染，請及早篩檢或接種疫苗。 Get screened or vaccinated if you do not know your status. 結論 Conclusion請牢記以下重點 Main poin結論 Conclusion透過這些簡單的步驟，就能確保您和摯愛的親友在日後的人生