考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川现代职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Walkingthroughmytrainyesterday,staggeringfrommyseattothebuffetandback,IcountedfivepeoplereadingHarryPotternovels.Notchildren-thesewererealgrown-upsreadingchildren’sbooks.

Maybethatwouldhavebeenunderstandable.Ifthesepeoplehadjumpedwhole-heartedlyintoasecondchildhooditwouldhavemademoresense.Buttheywerecard-carryinggrown-upswithlaptopsandspreadsheetsreturningfromsalesmeetingsandseminars.Yettheychosetoreadachildren’sbook.

Idon’timagineyou’llfindthisheadcountexceptional.YoucannolongergetontheLondonTubeandnotseeaHarryPotterbook.Norisitjustthefilm;thesethrowbackreaderswereoutthereindroveslongbeforethemoviecampaignopened.

SowhoaretheseadultreaderswhohavemadeJ.K.Rowlingthesecond-biggestfemaleearnerinBritain(afterMadonna)AsIhavetrampedalongstreetsknee-deepinHarryPotterpaperbacks,I’vementallyslottedthemintothreegroups.

FirstcometheNever-Readers,whomHarryhasenticedintoopeningabook.Isthisabadthingprobablynot.Writinghasmanyadvantagesoverfilm,butitcannevercompetewithitsmagneticpunch.Ifthesebookscanre-establishthenovelasathrillingexperienceforsomepeople,thenthiscanonlybeforthebetter.Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.

ThesecondgrouparetheOccasionalReaders.Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.It’sinfuriating,andmaddening.Yes,I’mawritermyself,currentlywritingdifficult,unreadable,hopefullyunsettlingnovels,buttherearesomanyothergoodbooksoutthere,somuchrewarding,enlightening,enlargingworksoffictionforadults;andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.

ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwanandBalzac,RothandDickens.Thisistherealbaffler—whatonearthdotheygetoutofreadingit?Whybother?Butiftheycallrattlethroughitinaweekjusttosaythey’vebeenthere—likegoingtoLongleatortheEiffelTower—theworstthey’redoingisencouragingothers.

1.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Theauthorbelievesthatmanyadultsread（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theNever-Readers（）.

4.TheOccasionalReadersarereferredtoassadcasesbecause（）.

5.What’sthebadeffectofthewaytheRegularReadersreadHarryPatter?

6.ThemainculpritforthismadnessaboutHarryPotterismostprobably（）.

问题1选项

A.TheworldwidepopularityofHarryPotter.

B.AdultsbenefitingfromreadingHarryPotter.

C.TheoriginofHarryPotterasachildren’sbook.

D.ReflectionsonHarryPotter’spopularityamongadults.

问题2选项

A.tofollowsuit

B.toenjoyasecondchildhood

C.tokilltime

D.toshareHarry’sadventure

问题3选项

A.willtakeupreadingastheirlifelonghobby

B.havegotmorefromthebookthanfromthefilm

C.maybarelygetinterestedinotherbooksthanHarryPotter

D.canhardlybedrivenbythecrowdstoreadanybook

问题4选项

A.they’retoobusytoenjoyregularreading

B.they’resufferingfromtheheavyworkload

C.theyhaveahardtimeselectingwhattoread

D.theirreadingtasteisaffectedbyfashion

问题5选项

A.Itwillpromotetoomanyvisitstotheplacesthebookmentions.

B.Itwilldiscouragepeoplefromreadingrealmasterpieces.

C.Itwillfosterreadingaspartofafast-foodculture.

D.Itwillcauseaconfusionoffaddismwithclassics.

问题6选项

A.JKRowing

B.thepublisher

C.themediahype

D.itsthrillingstories

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。从整篇文章读下来，前四段是作者在火车上发现有成年人在读《哈利•波特》的现象以及作者的所想，后三段作者将阅读《哈利•波特》的成年人群分为三组，分析《哈利•波特》受欢迎的原因，由此可知D选项“《哈利•波特》受成年人欢迎的反思”符合题意。

2.事实细节题。定位到文章第五段中的Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.（如果这需要痴迷程度的宣传来吸引他们进入书店，对我来说没问题）可知A选项“为了跟风”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。定位到文章第五段中的Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.（但我们只能希望，他们还会继续读别的书吗?）可知C选项“除了《哈利•波特》，对其他书籍几乎没有兴趣”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。定位到文章第六段中的Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.（这些人声称疲劳，工作和孩子使他们一年只能读几本书，然而现在，作为人群中的一员，说他们已经读过它了，他们把《哈利•波特》列入了他们的“超精选”阅读清单）可知D选项“他们的阅读品味受到时尚的影响”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。定位到文章第七段ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwan(英国当代作家)andBalzac,Roth(德国现代诗人)andDickens可了解到文化的混乱，因此D选项正确。

6.事实细节题。定位到文章第六段andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.（然而，这些令人悲伤的案例却被大肆宣传和时尚潮流席卷，变成了儿童读物）表明媒体炒作使得《哈利•波特》的宣传十分到位且疯狂，因此选项C正确。

2.单选题

Whenyourparentsadviseyouto“getaneducation”inordertoraiseyourincome,theytellyouonlyhalfthetruth.Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety,butnotsomuchthatyouproveanembarrassmenttoyoursociety.

Getahighschooldiploma,atleast.Withoutthat,youwillbeoccupationallydead,unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomasAlvaEdison,andyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool.

Getacollegedegree,ifpossible.WithaB.A.,youareonthelaunchingpad（发射台）.Butnowyouhavetostarttoputonthebrakes.Ifyougoforamaster’sdegree,makesureitisanandonlyfromafirst-rateuniversity.Beyondthis,thefamouslawofdiminishingreturns（报酬递减率）beginstotakeeffect.

Doyouknow,forinstance,thatlong-haultruckdriversearnmoreperyearthanfullprofessors?Yes,theaverage1977salaryforthosetruckerswas$24,000,whilethefullprofessorsmanagedtoaveragejust$23,030.

APh.D.D.isthehighestdegreeyoucanget,butexceptinafewspecializedfieldssuchasphysicsorchemistry,wherethedegreecanquicklybeturnedtoindustrialorcommercialpurposes,youarefacingadimfuture.TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythananyotherpartoftheworldbyfar.

IfyoubecomeadoctorofphilosophyinEnglishorhistoryoranthropologyorpoliticalscienceorlanguagesor—worstofall—inphilosophy,youruntheriskofbecomingovereducatedforournationaldemands.Notforourneeds,mindyou,butforourdemands.

ThousandsofPh.D.saresellingshoes,drivingcars,waitingontablesandfillingoutfruitlessapplicationsmonthaftermonth.Andthenmaybetakingajobinsomehighschoolorbackwatercollegepaysmuchlessthanthejanitor（看门人）earns.

Youcanequatethelevelofincomewiththelevelofeducationonlysofar.Farenough,thatis,tomakeyouusefultothegrossnationalproduct,butnotsofarthatnobodycanturnmuchofaprofitonyou.

1.Accordingtothewriter,whatthesocietyexpectsofeducationistoturnoutpeoplewho______.

2.IfyouareasgiftedasBernardShaworEdison,______.

3.Ph.D.saremostlikelyto

.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.Thewriteriscriticalof

.

问题1选项

A.willnotbeashametothesociety

B.willbecomeskilledworkers

C.cantakecareofthemselves

D.canmeetthedemandsasasourceofmanpower

问题2选项

A.youcangetahighschooldiplomawithoutdifficulty

B.youwillbesuccessfulinagradeschool

C.youcanbeprofessionallysuccessfulwithoutadiploma

D.theleastyoushoulddoistogetadiploma

问题3选项

A.havedifficultiesgettingproperlyemployed

B.beemployedinthefieldsofcommerceorindustry

C.havetofilloutapplicationformsmonthaftermonthforothers

D.workinschoolsorcollegeswithlowpay

问题4选项

A.BernardShawdidn’tfinishhighschools,nordidEdison

B.TherearefarmorePhDsthanthesocietydemands

C.Thehigheryoureducationlevel,themoremoneyyouwillearn

D.Ifyouaretoowell-educated,you’llmakethingsdifficultforthesociety

问题5选项

A.theemployees

B.thePhDs

C.theemployers

D.thesociety

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第二句提到他们真正的期望是获得足够的教育来为社会提供人力（Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety），因此选项D符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第二段提到高中文凭是必要的，如果没有的话，除非你是萧伯纳或者爱迪生，如果你是他们，你小学辍学都行（unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomasAlvaEdison,andyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool），因为他们就算没有文凭，也在各自领域中脱颖而出，因此选项C符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第五段倒数第一句话提到美国失业或未充分就业的博士人数比世界上其他国家要多（TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythananyotherpartoftheworldbyfar），由此可知选项A符合题意。

4.判断推理题。根据文章第五段可知很多博士就业问题并不是很理想，由此可知选项C表述是错误的，符合题意。

5.判断推理题。无论是雇主、雇员还有博士生本人都是属于社会中的一员，一系列状况都是社会发展导致的，因此作者批判的是这个社会，因此选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

Theyoungmanhas（

）someingeniousschemestomakegoodprofitsforthecompany.

问题1选项

A.comeout

B.comeupwith

C.comeupto

D.comeup

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。comeout“出现，出版”；comeupwith“提出，想出”；comeupto“达到，等于”；comeup“走进，发生”。句意：这个年轻人想出了一些有创意的计划来使公司获利。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Duringthemid-1840s,from1845-1848,thepotatocropinIrelandfailed,creatingafaminethatravagedthepopulation.Thisevent,theGreatFamine,wasoneofthemostsignificanteventsinthe8000-yearhistoryofthisislandnation,andtheeffectsofitcontinuetohaunttheIrish,boththosewhostillliveinIrelandandthosewholiveintheUnitedStates.ThemostimmediateeffectofthefaminewasthedramaticdeclineintheIrishpopulation—eitherthroughdeathfromstarvationanddiseaseorthroughemigrationtoothercountries.

InIreland,thepotatohadhistoricallybeenthemainstayofthedietofalargeproportionoftheruralpopulation.Highlynutritional,thepotatowaseasytoplantandeasytoharvest.Ifafamilyofsixhadoneacreofland,itcouldgrowapotatocropthatwouldfeedthemforalmostayear.However,dependenceononecrophaditsdownsideaswell.Potatoescouldnotbestoredforlong,andfarmerswhohadgrownsoaccustomedtodealingwiththisonecropneglectedtoplantothercropsasahedgeagainstpossiblefailures.

RapidpopulationincreasesintheyearsprecedingtheGreatFaminehadcreatedacountrywhoseexpandingpopulationwasoftenpoverty-stricken.Expandingpopulation,coupledwithlandowners’lackofresponsibilitytowardtenant-farmers,ledtoasystemwheretenant-farmersfrequentlysubdividedtheirlandsothattheycouldgainabitofrentthemselves.Consequently,theruralareasweredottedwithsmallplotsofland,mostofwhichwereusedforpotatofarming.Priortothefamine,urbanareasinIrelandwerealsoexperiencingeconomicdistressbecauseofadeclineinIrishindustrythatresultedinunemploymentandpovertyincitiessuchasDublin.

In1845,theyearthefaminebegan,agoodpotatocropwasexpected,soitcameasagreatsurprisewhennearlyhalfofthecropofthecountryfailedbecauseofablightthathadcomefromNorthAmerica.Thisparticularblightwasunusualinasmuchaswhenthepotatowasdugfromtheground,itappearedtobehealthy;itwasonlyafteradayortwothatthepotatobegantorot.

Despitethefactthatonlyhalfthecropfailedin1845,starvationanddiseaseplaguedtheentirecountrybecausemanystarvingpeople,someofwhomwereinfectedwithcontagiousdiseases,roamedthecountrysidelookingforfoodandspreadingdisease.Then,in1846,thecropfailedcompletely.In1847,therewasanotherpartialfailure,butbecausepeoplehadeatentheirseedpotatoesin1846,thecropwasmuchsmallerin1847.Thenagainin1848,thecropfailedcompletely.

Asifthecropfailureswerenotenough,otherfactorsaffectedtheseriousnessofthesituation.Variouscontagiousdiseasessuchastyphus,dysentery,andseveraldifferenttypesoffeverspreadrapidly.Landlordsevictedtenant-farmers,andthegovernmentdidverylittletoproviderelief.Nordidithelpthatthewinterof1846-1847wasoneofthecoldestonrecord.

Whenthefaminewasoverin1849,acholeraepidemicstruckIreland,sothatby1850thecountryfounditspopulationreducedfrom8.5millionto6.5million.Onemillionpeoplehaddiedfromdiseaseandstarvation,andonemillionhadleftIrelandforBritain,Europe,orNorthAmerica.

TheresultsoftheGreatFaminewereprofound.FarminginIrelandchangedfromaone-cropeconomytoanagriculturaleconomythatincludedlivestockandothercrops,suchasgrains.TheseedsofanimositytowardGreatBritain,whichhadnothelpedtheIrishintheirtimeofneed,weresown.Andapatternofemigrationwasestablishedthatlastsuntiltoday.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thepotatobecameastapleoftheIrishdietforallofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.

2.Thepassageimpliesthat______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,rurallifeintheyearsbeforetheGreatFaminecanbestbedescribedas______.

4DiseaseplaguedtheIrishduringthefaminebecause______.

5.AllofthefollowingwereresultsofthefamineEXCEPTthattheIrish______.

问题1选项

A.itwasfilledwithnutrients

B.itwaseasytoplant

C.itwaseasytoharvest

D.thesoilwasgoodforpotatoes

问题2选项

A.dependenceononecropwassensible

B.thepotatowasnottheonlycropinIreland

C.theIrishwereahappypeople

D.dependenceononecropwasdangerous

问题3选项

A.declininginpopulation

B.harsh

C.decreasingintenant-farmers

D.expandinginfarmsize

问题4选项

A.thepotatowasdiseased

B.immigrantsbroughtdisease

C.starvingIrishcarrieddiseasefromplacetoplace

D.livingconditionswerenotsanitary

问题5选项

A.emigratedtonewlands

B.begantoraisedlivestock

C.becameangeredattheBritish

D.becameindependentfromGreatBritain

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.Accordingtothepassage,thepotatobecameastapleoftheIrishdietforallofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.1.根据这篇文章，除了______，土豆成为爱尔兰人的主食有以下所有原因。

A.itwasfilledwithnutrientsA.它富含营养

B.itwaseasytoplantB.它很容易种植

C.itwaseasytoharvestC.它很容易获得收成

D.thesoilwasgoodforpotatoesD.土壤适合种土豆

【答案】D

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第二段前两句“在爱尔兰，土豆一直是大部分农村人口的主要食物。马铃薯营养丰富，易于种植和收获。”可知，土豆成为爱尔兰人的主食的原因包括营养丰富，易于种植以及容易获得收成，只有D项“土壤适合种土豆”没有提到，符合题干。因此，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A项“它富含营养”、B项“它很容易种植”和C项“它很容易获得收成”由解题思路可知，这三项属于反向干扰。

2.【选项释义】

2.Thepassageimpliesthat______.2.这篇文章表明______。

A.dependenceononecropwassensibleA.依赖一种作物是明智的

B.thepotatowasnottheonlycropinIrelandB.土豆并不是爱尔兰唯一的作物

C.theIrishwereahappypeopleC.爱尔兰人是快乐的民族

D.dependenceononecropwasdangerousD.依赖一种作物是危险的

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是爱尔兰大饥荒的原因和后果，第二段第一句提到“在爱尔兰，土豆一直是大部分农村人口的主要食物”，也就是说爱尔兰基本是依靠土豆这种作物生存的；然后在第三段和第四段描述了爱尔兰1845-1848年期间的饥荒，第四段最后一句描述到“这种特殊的枯萎病很不寻常，因为当土豆从地里挖出来的时候，它看起来是健康的；过了一两天，土豆就开始腐烂了”可知，正是因为爱尔兰依赖于土豆一种作物，所以当病菌袭来的时候，他们赖以生存的作物就遭殃了，从而导致大饥荒；综合理解我们可以推断，依赖一种作物是危险的事情。因此，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】

A项“依赖一种作物是明智的”由解题思路可知，该项属于反向干扰；

B项“土豆并不是爱尔兰唯一的作物”由解题思路可知，爱尔兰依赖的是土豆一种作物，该项属于反向干扰；

C项“爱尔兰人是快乐的民族”在原文没有依据能够体现该项，属于无中生有。

3.【选项释义】

3.Accordingtothepassage,rurallifeintheyearsbeforetheGreatFaminecanbestbedescribedas______.3.根据文章，大饥荒前几年的农村生活可以用______来描述。

A.declininginpopulationA.人口下降

B.harshB.残酷的

C.decreasingintenant-farmersC.减少佃农

D.expandinginfarmsizeD.扩大农场规模

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据关键信息intheyearsbeforetheGreatFamine可以定位至第三段，该段描述到“在大饥荒发生前的几年里，人口的快速增长使这个国家的人口增长往往是受贫困困扰的。不断扩大的人口，加上土地所有者对佃农缺乏责任感，导致了佃农经常将土地细分，这样他们自己就能获得一点租金。因此，农村地区散布着小块土地，其中大部分用于种植土豆。”，从中可知，大饥荒前几年，爱尔兰农村是非常贫困的，快速增长的人口以及土地所有者的不负责，佃农经常会把土地细分，综合理解可以推断出，大饥荒前几年的农村生活是非常残酷的。因此，该题选择B项“残酷的”。

【干扰项排除】

A项“人口下降”与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

C项“减少佃农”没有提到，属于无中生有；

D项“扩大农场规模”从解题思路可知，农场规模并没有扩大，而是被细分成了很多块，该项属于曲解原文。

4.【选项释义】

4.DiseaseplaguedtheIrishduringthefaminebecause______.4.饥荒期间，疾病折磨着爱尔兰人，因为______。

A.thepotatowasdiseasedA.土豆感染病菌了

B.immigrantsbroughtdiseaseB.移民带来了疾病

C.starvingIrishcarrieddiseasefromplacetoplaceC.饥饿的爱尔兰人把疾病从一个地方带到另一个地方

D.livingconditionswerenotsanitaryD.生活条件不卫生

【答案】C

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第五段第一句“1845年，虽然只有一半的农作物歉收，但饥饿和疾病仍然困扰着整个国家，因为许多挨饿的人，其中一些人感染了传染病，在农村四处寻找食物，传播疾病”可知，饥荒期间，疾病折磨着爱尔兰人是因为饥饿的爱尔兰人把疾病从一个地方带到另一个地方。因此，该题选择C项“饥饿的爱尔兰人把疾病从一个地方带到另一个地方”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“土豆感染病菌了”，原文并没有提到土豆感染的枯萎病能够传染人类，该项属于无中生有；

B项“移民带来了疾病”由解题思路可知，爱尔兰人受到疾病困扰是因为爱尔兰农村的人们四处寻找，并不是移民导致的，该项属于曲解原文；

D项“生活条件不卫生”没有提及，无中生有。

5.【选项释义】

5.AllofthefollowingwereresultsofthefamineEXCEPTthattheIrish______.5.以下所有的都是饥荒的结果，除了爱尔兰人______。

A.emigratedtonewlandsA.移民到新的土地

B.begantoraisedlivestockB.开始饲养牲畜

C.becameangeredattheBritishC.对英国人感到愤怒

D.becameindependentfromGreatBritainD.脱离英国独立

【答案】D

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干可以定位至最后一段，该段讲到“爱尔兰的农业从单一作物经济转变为包括牲畜和其他作物（如谷物）在内的农业经济。在爱尔兰人需要帮助的时候，英国没有帮助他们，于是他们对英国的敌意就埋下了种子。移民的模式一直持续到今天。”，从中可知，爱尔兰饥荒导致的结果就是农业经济的转变，移民以及对英国埋下了敌意的种子。只有D项“脱离英国独立”是没有提到的。因此，该题选择D项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“移民到新的土地”、B项“开始饲养牲畜”和C项“对英国人感到愤怒”根据解题思路可知，这三项都是饥荒的结果，属于反向干扰。

5.单选题

Thenationalityoftheminoritygroupsinthatcountryisstill（）.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atissue

C.atrisk

D.atleisure

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词短语辨析。atlarge“详尽的”；atissue“争议中的”；atrisk“处于危险中”；atleisure“从容地”。句意：在那个国家，少数民族的国籍问题仍然______。根据句意可知选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Whetheryoulivetoeatoreattolive,foodisamajor（）ineveryfamily’sbudget.

问题1选项

A.routine

B.nutrition

C.provision

D.expense

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项routine“惯例”；B选项nutrition“营养”；C选项provision“规定，条款”；D选项expense“开销，费用，损失，代价”。句意：无论你是为了吃而活，还是为了活而吃，食物都是每个家庭的预算当中一项主要的开销。根据后半句提到的family’sbudget家庭预算，可知该处选择D选项expense“开销”符合句意。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Withoutcarefulinvestigation,neverdrawaconclusionsinceweneedtohavefactualknowledge______ourthinking.

问题1选项

A.whichtobebasedon

B.whichtobaseupon

C.uponwhichtobase

D.towhichtobebased

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语。句意：没有经过仔细调查，永远不会得出一个结论，因为我们需要事实性知识作为我们思考的基础。横线到句尾是修饰knowledge的定语，根据在事实性知识的基础上确定用uponknowledge，根据以事实性知识为基础是为了形成thinking，确定用不定式，C选项uponwhichtobase正确。A选项whichtobebasedon和D选项towhichtobebased不用被动语态，B选项whichtobaseupon缺少upon，符合题意。因此C选项正确。

8.单选题

16-20

问题1选项

A.Aduodenalulcer.

B.Stomachulcer.

C.AMouthulcer.

D.Askinulcer.

问题2选项

A.Haveanoperation.

B.Trymedicalmeans.

C.Seeapsychiatrist.

D.Beoffworkforawhile.

问题3选项

A.Overweight.

B.Smoking.

C.Heredity

D.Stress.

问题4选项

A.Heisalightsmoker.

B.Heisacasualsmoker.

C.Heisaheavysmoker.

D.Heisamoderatesmoker.

问题5选项

A.Stopsmoking.

B.Haveasurgery.

C.Eatregularlyandexercisemore.

D.MakeanappointmentwithDr.Oakes.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】W:Howareyounow?

M:Nottoogood.

W:Areyoustillgettingthepain?

M:Yes.

W:Well.TheX-raydoctorfoundirritabilityanddistortionoftheduodenumalthoughtherewasnoactualulcervisibleontheX-ray.(16)Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatyouhavenoduodenalulcer.Wehavetodecidethebestwayoftreatingit.Therearetwoways:medicalandsurgical.(17)Inyoungpeople,wetrytoavoidoperationsandwehopethatmedicalmeanswillhelp.Now,youdidhaveaspellinhospitalanditdisappearedbutnowitstartedagain.Hasanyoneinyourfamilyhadanulcer?

M:Yes,myfatherhadonebutitclearedup.

W:Well,(18)thiscouldberelevantasulcersmayruninthefamily.Theotherfactorsofcoursearesmoking,worryandanxiety,irregularmealsorovertiredness,overworkandstress.Theseallwilleffectanulcer.Unfortunately，youhavealotofstressandworryathome,soIfeeldespiteyourbeingsoyoung,puttingyoutobedforafewweeksisn’tenough.I’dlikeyoutoseeMr.Oakes.Hehasagreatdealofexperiencewithulcers.Andifhefeelsanoperationistheanswer,Ithinkweshouldtakehisadvice.Now,haveyoumanagedtodoanythingaboutyoursmoking?

M:(19)Ismokeabout50aday.

W:Howoftendoyougetthepainnow?

M:Everyday.

W:Haveyoulosttimefromworkbecauseofit?

M:Yes.Nowadayshereandthere.

W:Well,(20)makeanappointmenttoseeMr.Oakes,andI'llwritetohimandtoyourdoctor.

M:Thankyou,doctor.

16.Whatisthemansufferingfrom?

【解析】细节题。根据医生描述，他遭受的是duodenalulcer（十二指肠溃疡）的痛苦。故选A。

17.Totreatthediseasementionedinthetalk,whatwouldthedoctorusuallysuggestayoungpatientdo?

【解析】细节题。医生说治疗溃疡通常有两种方式：手术方式和医疗方式。对于年轻人群，医生都建议避免手术，采用medicalmeans。故选B。

18.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasacontributingfactoroftheman’sdisease?

【解析】细节题。题目问哪一个不是造成该疾病可能的原因。医生提到了吸烟、遗传和压力，没有提及体重超重。

19.Whatcanwesayaboutthemanconsideringthenumberofcigaretteshesmokes?

【解析】细节题。男士说他每天抽50支烟，这一定是一个重度烟民。故选C。

20.Whatisthemangoingtodoaftertheconsultation?

【解析】细节题。医生建议病人要咨询Dr.Oakes，因为他对十二指肠溃疡治疗十分专业，应该听取他的意见。故选D。

9.问答题

SincetheUnitedStatesmaintaineditsdubiousdistinctionofhavingthehighestdivorceratein

A

B

theworld,thetemporarydeclineindivorcedidnotoccurtothesameextentinEurope.Contrary

C

tofearsoftheexperts,theroleofbreadwinnerandhomemakerwasnotabandoned.

D

【答案】试题答案：A;Although/While

【解析】考查连词。由“theUnitedStatesmaintaineditsdubiousdistinctionofhavingthehighestdivorcerateintheworld（美国的离婚率仍然是世界上最高的，这一点令人怀疑）”和“thetemporarydeclineindivorcedidnotoccurtothesameextentinEurope（在欧洲，离婚率的暂时下降并没有达到同样的程度）”可知此处表示转折关系，故用although或while。

10.单选题

Despiteatendencytobeovertly（

），thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

问题1选项

A.diverting

B.didactic

C.whimsical

D.romantic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。diverting“有趣的；令人快乐的”；didactic“说教的；教诲的”；whimsical“古怪的；异想天开的”；romantic“浪漫的；多情的；空想的”。句意：尽管中世纪的诗歌有说教的明显倾向，但是它却经常激发想象力，提供充满生气的娱乐和虔诚的心情。由thepoetryoftheMiddleAges中世纪的诗歌可知其特点，另外由despite表让步也可知前后两句句意相反，B项符合语意。

11.单选题

Moststaffinthisofficedidnotlikethemanageress,forshewasknowntobesly,selfishand（）.

问题1选项

A.manifested

B.manipulative

C.conscientious

D.controversial

【答案】B

【解析】manifested显然的；manipulative操纵的；conscientious认真的；controversial有争议的。根据句意可知,填空处应填入和sly,selfish意思相近的贬义词,所以选项B更符合语境。

12.单选题

Theseatsinthesecondplane（

）.

问题1选项

A.hadbeenalmostallfilled

B.hadallbeenalmostfilled

C.hadalmostallbeenfilled

D.hadalmostbeenfilledall

【答案】A

【解析】考察固定搭配。题干句意为：第二架飞机的座位_______。almostall几乎全部。almostall为固定搭配。因此排除B、D，该句是过去完成时，almostall修饰动词时，通常应放在行为动词之前（filled），故选A项。

13.单选题

Cancerisfearedbyeveryone.Andthisfearisreachingepidemiclevel.Notthediseaseitself—thereisnosuchthingasacancerepidemic.Exceptforlungcancer,mostlycausedbycigarettesmoking,theincidenceratesarelevelingoff,andinthecaseofsomekindsofcanceraredecreasing.Butthefearofcanceriscatching,andthecountrystandsatriskofananxiety.Theearthitselfiscomingtoseemlikeahugecarcinogen(致癌物).Theordinary,moreorlessscientificstatementthatsomethingbetween80and90percentofallcancersareduetothingsintheenvironmentistakentomeanthatnoneofuswillbesafeuntilthewholeenvironmentis“cleanedup.”Thisisnotatallthemeaning.The80-percentcalculationisbasedontheunthinkabledifferencesintheincidenceofcancerinvarioussocietiesaroundtheworld—forexample,thehighproportionoflivercancerinAfricaandtheFarEast,stomachcancerinJapan,breastcancerinWesternEuropeandNorthAmerica,andtherelativelylowfiguresforbreastcancerinJapanandpartsofAfricaandforlivercancerinAmerica.Thesedataindicatetheremaybespecialandspecificenvironmentalinfluences,largelybasedonpersonallife-style,thatdeterminetheincidenceofvariousformsofcancerindifferentcommunities—butthatisallthedatasuggest.Theoverallincidenceofcancer,countingupallthecases,isprobableroughlythesameeverywhere.

1.Whichofthefollowingisclosesttomeaningtothephrase“levelingoff’？

2.Accordingtothepassage,theincidenceofcancerisgenerallybelieve_____.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthewriter’sopinionabouttherelationshipbetweencancerandenvironmentis_____.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterseemstofeelthat_____.

5.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestTITLEforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Becameverypopular

B.Reacheditslowestlevelinpopularity

C.Stoppedbeingpopular

D.Stoppedincreasingitspopularity

问题2选项

A.tobebasedoninactivelifestyle

B.tobeduetoanxiety

C.toresultfromenvironmentalinfluences

D.tobecausedbyheavysmoking

问题3选项

A.positive

B.negative

C.neutral

D.approving

问题4选项

A.cancerriskisontherise

B.thewholeearthresemblesahugecarcinogen

C.theriskofcatchingcancerisnotsogreatasmostpeopleconceive

D.cancercanbecuredsoonerorlater

问题5选项

A.CancerandEnvironment

B.TheFearCausedbyCancers

C.DataonCancerIncidence

D.CanceranditsInvestigation

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.词汇推断题。第一步，句中前后信息衔接，定位到文章第三四句话Exceptforlungcancer,mostlycausedbycigarettesmoking,theincidenceratesarelevelingoff,andinthecaseofsomekindsofcanceraredecreasing.Butthefearofcanceriscatching,andthecountrystandsatriskofananxiety.“除主要由吸烟引起的肺癌外，其他癌症的发病率（），某些癌症的发病率正在下降。但是对癌症的恐惧正在蔓延，这个国家面临着焦虑的风险”，第二步，上下文语义衔接exceptfor这里是一个状语，and连接两个句子，这两个句子之间存在并列或者递进关系，后面的句子是一些癌症正在减少，所以levelingoff应该是减少或者持平、平稳的意思，从后面那句的连词but也可知，前面的句意也是but后面的意思相反，也就是癌症虽然发病率减少但是对癌症的恐惧却正在增加，由此可知答案选D选项“不再增长”；

A选项“变得受欢迎”不符题意，属于无中生有；

B选项“达到最低水平”，不符题意，属于无中生有；

C选项“不再受欢迎”，不符题意，属于无中生有。

2.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第六句Theordinary,moreorlessscientificstatementthatsomethingbetween80and90percentofallcancersareduetothingsintheenvironmentistakentomeanthatnoneofuswillbesafeuntilthewholeenvironmentis“cleanedup”.“一般来说，80%到90%的癌症都是由环境因素造成的，这种说法多少有些科学依据，但它意味着，在整个环境得到‘清理’之前，我们谁也不会安全”。第二步，综合理解，从这里可知答案选C选项“受环境的影响”；

A选项“以消极的生活方式为基础”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；

B选项“由于焦虑”定位到第四句，Butthefearofcanceriscatching,andthecountrystandsatriskofananxiety“但是对癌症的恐惧正在蔓延，这个国家面临着焦虑的风险”，这里讲的是国家处于焦虑的风险，而不是人因为焦虑增加患癌的风险，这里属于出处错误；

D选项“因为酗烟”定位到第三句Exceptforlungcancer,mostlycausedbycigarettesmoking,“除了肺癌，肺癌主要是由吸烟引起的”，这里单指吸烟增加患肺癌的风险但是题干是指的是患癌症，肺癌只是癌症的一种，这里属于以偏概全。

3.观点态度题。第一步，精准定位，定位到文章倒数一二句thesedataindicatetheremaybespecialandspecificenvironmentalinfluences,largelybasedonpersonallife-style,thatdeterminetheincidenceofvariousformsofcancerindiffere